CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this Project Work entitled on “ONLINE COURSES MONITORING SYSTEM”
is a record of the original field work done by NATHAN SHEMA in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of Advanced Diploma in ICT Department, IT option during the Academic
Year 2019.

Supervisor Head of Department:

Signature: ……………………………… Stamp and Signature: …………………

Name: Ms. Marie Claire DUKUZUMUREMYI Name: Mr. Jean Paul NIYIBIZI

Submitted for the Project Examination held at …………………………on……/……/2019

i
DECLARATION

I, NATHAN SHEMA declare that this research project report entitled on “ONLINE COURSES
MONITORING SYSTEM (OCMS)” presented for the award of Advanced Diploma (A1) in ICT
Department IT Option during the Academic Year 2019, is my original work and it has never been
submitted or presented to any colleagues for the similar award.

NATHAN SHEMA
Signature: ……………

Date: …. / .…/2019

ii
APPROVAL

This is to certify that the project work entitled “ONLINE COURSES MONITORING SYSTEM” is a
record of the original work done by NATHAN SHEMA in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the award of ADVANCED DIPLOMA of Information and Communication Technology of Rwanda
Polytechnic Integrated Polytechnic Regional Colleagues Ngoma (RP IPRC Ngoma), Rwanda of during
the Academic year 2019.

Supervisor Head of Department:

Signature : ……………… Signature : ……………

Name : Ms. Marie Claire DUKUZUMUREMYI Name : Mr. Jean Paul NIYIBIZI

iii
DEDICATION

I sincerely dedicate this project work to the to ALMIGHTY GOD for greatest help and full protection
during this research. I also dedicate this hard work to my parents, to my dearest brothers and sisters, to
my supervisor for incomparable knowledge you stored in us, to Lecturers and School administration that
helped me financially, socially and academically respectively during my time at Integrated Polytechnic
Regional College Ngoma (IPRC Ngoma). To my classmates, to my colleagues, to all friends and
relatives near and far, for many ideas we shared together with great pleasure, I dedicate this works and I
ask God to bless them.

iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am deeply intended to Almighty God guided me through the whole period of my studies. My special
thanks are addressed to the Government of Rwanda for its appreciable policy of promoting the
education, research and Innovations at all levels.
I would like to express my sincere thanks to my supervisor Ms. Marie Claire DUKUZUMUREMYI
for his efforts in directing and guiding this work. Again, my sincere acknowledgements go to entire
administration of IPRC Ngoma and the whole academic staff for their encouragement, advices, and
help during critical moments when my study load was quite much.
My sincere gratitude goes to our Lecturers for their technical and wise advices, suggestions and
corrections that made this research project report fruitful. We cannot end without acknowledging the
entire IT level 3, whose cooperation, help, sacrifice, and togetherness throughout the years of academic
struggles, made my courses success.
I would like to take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude to my beloved family, especially
my Father, Mother and Brothers and cousins-without whom I would never have been able to achieve so
much.
Finally, I express my gratitude to everyone who directly and indirectly has helped me in completing this
work.
May God bless you all!

NATHAN SHEMA

v
ABSTRACT

As the title specifies “Online Courses Monitoring System” is online software developed for managing
various activities in the IPRC Ngoma’s course progressions. My project intention is to increase the
speed up and security of course progress in our institution (IPRC Ngoma). This project deals with the
problems of managing course progress and prevent the problems which occur when carried manually.
My aims of designing the system leads to the computerized system that will resolve many problems
found in existing system, is more user friendly and more Graphical User Interface (GUI) oriented where
registered class representatives can fill up online course progress forms, display all data according to
Academic Year (Promotion), semester and module code, edit what Lecturers are not approved then send
them to the quality insurance officer and specified Lecturers accordingly to their module code. After
this, Lecturers approve what class representative wrote on his/her courses. Finally, Quality Insurance
Officer approves what Lecturers approved, register the new user, update username and password, delete
user and make some reports. By implementing this system will reduce strength and strain of manual
workers, High security, Data redundancy will be prevented to some levels, it will be easy to handle, data
updating, to keep record, to backup data and generate them.

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ABBREVIATIONS

RP: Rwanda Polytechnics

IPRC: Integrated Polytechnic Regional College

I T: Information Technology
OCMS: Online Courses Monitoring System

ERD: Entity Relationship Diagram

DFD: Data Flow Diagram

HTML: Hyper Text Makeup Language

LDM: Logical Data Model

OPM: Organizational Process Model

PMD: Physical model of data

PHP: Hypertext Processor

SQL: Structured Query Language

XAMPP: Cross-Platform (X), Apache (A), MySQL (M), PHP (P) and Perl (P)

SMS: Short Message Send

POP: Post Office Protocol

SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

SMPP: Short Message Peer to Peer

API: Application Program Interface

URL: Uniform Resource Locater

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DBMS: Database Management System

GUI: Graphical User Interface

LIST OF SYMBOLS

In data flow diagram (DFD):

A rounded rectangle represents a process.

A rectangle represents an entity.

An arrow identifies dataflow.

Double line with one end closed indicates data store.

In Enhanced Relationship Diagram (ERD):

Diamond: To show the relationship between entities.

Rectangle: To show the entity

Ellipse: To show the attribute

Line: Interlink between entities.

viii
LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Web Applications Architectures.................................................................................................21

Figure 2 Waterfall model...........................................................................................................................27
Figure 3 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)...........................................................................................30
Figure 4 login page....................................................................................................................................31
Figure 5 Class Representative course code attendance.............................................................................31
Figure 6 Class Representative adding module code..................................................................................32
Figure 7 Class Representative making Attendance to module teacher.....................................................32
Figure 8 Teacher monthly Attendance Average........................................................................................33
Figure 9 Teacher’s Attendance Statistics..................................................................................................34
Figure 10 Admin Dashboard Registering Class Representative...............................................................34

ix
LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 software requirement....................................................................................................................25

Table 2 Hardware requirement..................................................................................................................26

x
Table of Contents

CERTIFICATE............................................................................................................................................i
DECLARATION........................................................................................................................................ii
APPROVAL...............................................................................................................................................iii
DEDICATION...........................................................................................................................................iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS........................................................................................................................v
ABSTRACT...............................................................................................................................................vi
ABBREVIATIONS...................................................................................................................................vii
LIST OF SYMBOLS...............................................................................................................................viii
LIST OF FIGURES....................................................................................................................................ix
LIST OF TABLES......................................................................................................................................x
Table of Contents.......................................................................................................................................xi
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION............................................................................................1
1.1. Background of study.........................................................................................................................1
1.2. Problem of statement........................................................................................................................1
1.3. Justification of study.........................................................................................................................1
1.4. Objectives of the study.....................................................................................................................2
1.4.1. General objective.......................................................................................................................2
1.4.2. Specific objectives.....................................................................................................................2
1.5. Research questions............................................................................................................................2
1.6. Interest of study................................................................................................................................2
1.6.1 Personal interest..........................................................................................................................2
1.6.2 IPRC Ngoma interest..................................................................................................................2
1.7. Expected results................................................................................................................................3
1.8. Scope and limitations of the study....................................................................................................3
1.9. Significance of the study...................................................................................................................3
1.10. PROJECT ORGANISATION........................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.....................................................................................................5
2.1. Introduction.......................................................................................................................................5
2.2.1. Information.................................................................................................................................5

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 2.1.2. System........................................................................................................................................5
2.2.3 Information Technology..............................................................................................................5
2.3 Database Concepts.............................................................................................................................5
2.3.1 Database......................................................................................................................................5
2.3.2. Data............................................................................................................................................6
2.3.3. Information.................................................................................................................................6
2.3.4. Entity..........................................................................................................................................6
2.3.5. Relationship................................................................................................................................6
2.3.6. Keys............................................................................................................................................7
-Primary key............................................................................................................................................7
2.3.7. DBMS (database management system).....................................................................................7
2.4. Web concepts....................................................................................................................................8
2.4.1. Computer network......................................................................................................................8
2.4.2. Web page....................................................................................................................................8
2.4.3. Website.......................................................................................................................................8
2.4.4. Architecture of the Web Applications........................................................................................9
2.4.5. Technological tools and languages used for developing the system..........................................9
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.......................................................................................12
3.1. Introduction.....................................................................................................................................12
3.2. Techniques of data collection.........................................................................................................12
3.2.1. Interview..................................................................................................................................12
3.2.2. Observation..............................................................................................................................12
3.2.3. The Internet..............................................................................................................................13
3.2.4. Documentation.........................................................................................................................13
3.3 Requirements Analysis....................................................................................................................13
3.3.1 Functional requirement.............................................................................................................13
3.3.2 Non-functional requirement......................................................................................................13
3.4. Software Development Life Cycle Model (SDLC)........................................................................14
3.4.1. Waterfall model........................................................................................................................14
3.4.2. Phases of Development............................................................................................................15
CHAPTER 4: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION...............................................................................17
4.1. Introduction.....................................................................................................................................17

xii
 4.2 System Implementation...................................................................................................................17
4.3. Database design (ERD)...................................................................................................................18
CHAPTER 5: RECOMMENDATION & CONCLUSION......................................................................23
5.1: RECOMMENDATION..................................................................................................................23
5.2. CONCLUSION...............................................................................................................................24
REFFERENCE..........................................................................................................................................25

xiii
xiv
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background of study

Course progress was developed to support the management and delivery course monitoring forms
content and other services to the people who work with them, include class representatives, Lecturers
and quality insurance officer, but the system users are limited for interaction with the system because it
is a manually system. By implementing online course monitoring system, it supports well user by fill up
course monitoring form accordingly to the option, level and semester. After this, Lecturers receive and
approve what class representative wrote to his/her courses. When Lecturer examine some mistake can
contact class representatives in order to correct them before to be approved. Quality insurance officer
approve what Lecturers approved, and make reports. When this project implemented it will provide
online interaction forms, user interface (GUI) and supports content creation by all users through the
unrestricted system.

1.2. Problem of statement

Course Monitoring (developed to support the management and distribution of course progress content
and other services to Staff related) are limited in their design and policy to effectively support the
different progressing styles. For example, Limitation of user interaction with a system because it is not a
web application, Unconfident system where user and other staff not related can change some data, it is
difficult to work with paper system where users need to interact with them and the recorded information
is not secure because any one can cooperate with them.

1.3. Justification of study

Computerized systems allow for greater efficiency in performing specific tasks both more
accurately and more rapidly. Recording and sending the class courses records requires
integrating the new technologies in order to exactly strengthen sustainable development
and management. Therefore, this research project will allow IPRC Ngoma to monitor
courses progress efficiently.

1
1.4. Objectives of the study
1.4.1. General objective
The objective of this project is to examine online course monitoring resolutions. It should be modified to
reflect all the user’s activities and should facilitate mobility with no limit on the time of the day or the
location of the users.

1.4.2. Specific objectives

Specifically, the project will examine the following:
1. To create database for storing all information needed by the system users.
2. To create tables and make relationship between them.
3. To design interactive forms where user interact with a system and integrity to any staff by limiting
the time of records modifications.
4. To improve current system from unsecured manner to a confidential system by integrating session.
1.5. Research questions
-Why is it necessary to use computer based system?

-Why it is necessary to improve security of data?

-Why it necessary that every member should participate?

-How we can increase the level of communication?

1.6. Interest of study

This project contains three interests which are:

1.6.1 Personal interest

The importance of this work is the improvement of my knowledge in creating dynamic web sites
and to make in practice the knowledge acquired in class.

1.6.2 IPRC Ngoma interest

The importance is that this project program will help IPRC Ngoma’s workers to perform their
services easily and increase the level of education quality.

2
1.7. Expected results
-Increase of Quality of education.

-Easy communication of class representatives, Lecturers and school quality insurance officer.

-To increase the performance of the existing paper system.

-Easy way of making reports.

1.8. Scope and limitations of the study

The scopes of the project will be used by Integrated Polytechnic Regional College (IPRC Ngoma) in
Advanced Level that has three different users namely: Class representative, Lecturer, and Administrator
or Quality insurance officer. This system will work on course progression by class representatives (to
insert, edit, and update courses which Lecturers are not approved), Lecturer to approve courses and
Admin to approve what Lecturer approved, and make reports.

1.9. Significance of the study

This research project deals with the development of a web based application which will be
used to monitor courses progression and to offer the services to the concerns. Computerized
system is one of the many ways to achieve the goals of the development. This system permits
to its users locally to add new, update, select and deleting progression records. It also offers
different services like searching, reporting and communicate users. All of this facilitates users
to save the time and quick information sharing and finally increase quality of education.

1.10. PROJECT ORGANISATION

This project is divided into five chapters.

Chapter 1: will discuss on the introduction to system. The purpose of this chapter is to introduce
about the system that will be developed.

Chapter 2: is about literature review. This focusing some evidence of reading around the area is
expected. This reading could be outlined in either a References Section or a Bibliography Section.

Chapter 3: is about research methodology, system analysis and Design. This chapter explains
about the justification of method or approach used.

3
Chapter 4: is about the system implementation and testing, technologies used and the results
obtained as well as the testing of the system.

Chapter 5: is about conclusion and recommendation. This chapter will briefly summarize and
conclude the proposed project.

4
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Introduction
This chapter provides a summary of previous published research related to this project. Its
purpose is to create familiarity with current thinking and research on this topic, and may
justify future research into a previously overlooked or understudied area.

2.2.1. Information
Information is a collection of facts organized in such a way that they have addition value
beyond the value of facts themselves. Information is valuable because it can affect behavior, a
decision, or an outcome.

2.1.2. System
A system is a set of interacting or interdependent component parts forming a complex/intricate
whole.

An information system (IS) is any organized system for the collection, organization, storage and
communication of information. More specifically, it is the study of complementary networks that
people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create and distribute data.

2.2.3 Information Technology

Information technology (IT) is the application of computers and internet to store, retrieve,
transmit, and manipulate data or information, often in the context of a business or other
enterprise

2.3 Database Concepts

2.3.1 Database
The term database means a collection of related data organized, in a way that can be
processed by an application programs. By related I mean that the data in table describes a
domain of interest to a group of users that the users can use the data to answer questions
concerning that domain. By organized I mean that the data are structured so as to be easily
restored, manipulated and retrieved by the user.

Examples of databases:
A database is used in wide number of applications. Some of them are as follows:

5
 - Airlines: For reservation and schedule information
- Universities: For students’ information, course registration, grades etc.
- Credit card transaction: For purchase of credit cards and generation of monthly statements.
- National identity database.

2.3.2. Data
Data are known facts that can be recorded and have an implicit meaning or elements that can be
manipulated by a computer it is data.

Also, data can be defined as the information to be processed.

2.3.3. Information
Information is data after manipulation/processed by computer in other word is the output of
data in the database that are organized and manipulated

2.3.4. Entity
Entity is a conceptual or physical thing that can be identified in the user’s environment,
something about which the organization wants to hold information. In case of the project
entity may be physical thing such as student. An entity is a type of element (object,
individual…) of the real world defined by:

- An independent existence and relevance to organizational study

- Multiple occurrences (that is to say at least two),

- Properties (at least) within identifier. Also, entity can be the table.

2.3.5. Relationship
A relationship works by matching data in key fields - usually a field with the same name in
both tables. In most cases, these matching fields are the primary key from one table, which
provides a unique identifier for each record, and a foreign key in the other table. A foreign key
is a column or combination of columns used to establish and enforce a link between the data in
two tables.

There exist 3 different types of relationship are the following:

- One-to-one relationship: each row in one database table is linked to 1 and only 1 other row
in another table.

6
- One-to-many relationship: each row in the related to table can be related to many rows in
the relating table.

- Many-to-many relationship: one or more rows in a table can be related to 0, 1 or many

rows in another table.

2.3.6. Keys

Keys are very important part of Relational database. They are used to establish and identify
relation between tables. They also ensure that each record within a table can be uniquely
identified by combination of one or more fields within a table.

Here are some common used keys in DBMS:

-Candidate key
Candidate keys are defined as the set of fields from which primary key can be selected. It is an
attribute or set of attributes that can act as a primary key for a table to uniquely identify each
record in that table.

-Primary key
Primary key is a candidate key that is most appropriate to become main key of the table. It
consists of one or more columns whose value uniquely identifies a row. There can only be one
primary key per table. Primary key in a table doesn’t duplicate and doesn’t accept null value.

-Foreign key
Foreign key consists of one or more columns in a table whose value in one row represents a
primary key in a related table. Foreign keys allow key values that are all null, even if there are
no matching primary or unique keys.

2.3.7. DBMS (database management system)

To access information in database you need database management system which is a

collection of programs that enable users to enter, organize access and select data into a
database.

7
2.4. Web concepts
2.4.1. Computer network
A computer network is a group of interconnected computers. Networks may be classified
according to a wide variety of characteristics.

- LAN (Local Area Network)

- WAN (wide area network)
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

2.4.2. Web page

A web page or webpage is a document or information resource that is suitable for the World
Wide Web (www) and can be accessed through a web browser and displayed on a monitor or
mobile device.

2.4.3. Website
Website, web site or simply site is a collection of related web pages containing videos, images
or other assets that are hosted at least one web server and accessible via a network such as the
internet or private local area network through an Internet address known as a Uniform
Resource Locater (URL).

Website is categorized into two categories:

- Static website: is a website which contains web pages with fixed content and they
delivered to the user exactly as stored.

- Dynamic website: is a website whose construction is controlled by an application server

processing server-side scripts.

8
2.4.4. Architecture of the Web Applications

Figure 1 Web Applications Architectures

2.4.5. Technological tools and languages used for developing the system
- Web Browser (commonly known as a browser): is a software application for retrieving,
presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. The one used in this
project are Google Chrome, Baidu spark and Mozilla Firefox.

- XAMPP: is a free and open source cross-platform web server solution stack package
developed by Apache Friends, consisting mainly of the Apache HTTP Server, MySQL
database, and interpreters for scripts written in the PHP and Perl programming languages.

-Text Editor: is a type of program used for editing plain text files. Here Notepad++, visual studio,
sublime3 which are the free text editors and source code editor that supports several languages was
used.

-MySQL is an open source relational database management system. It is based on the structure
query language (SQL), which is used for adding, deleting, and modifying information in the
database.

- HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, and it is the most widely used language to

write Web Pages. Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (HTML documents) are

9
linked together. Thus the link available on a webpage is called Hypertext. As its name suggests,
HTML is a Markup Language which means you use HTML to simply "mark up" a text
document with tags that tell a Web browser how to structure it to display. HTML is written in
the form of HTML elements consisting of tags enclosed in angle brackets (like <html>), within
the web page content. HTML tags most commonly come in pairs like <h1> and </h1>,
although some tags, known as empty elements, are unpaired, for example <img/>. The first tag
in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag (they are also called opening tags and
closing tags) Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML

-CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. CSS also is a style sheet language that describes the
presentation of an HTML document. It can save a lot of work and control the layout of
multiple web pages all at once. CSS is designed primarily to enable the separation of
document content from document presentation (Peda, n.d.).

-PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) is a programming language that allows web developers
to create dynamic content that interacts with databases. Is basically used for developing web based
software applications.PHP started out as a small open source project that evolved as more and more
people found out how useful it was. The first version was unleashed by RasmusLerdorf in 1994. PHP
stands for Hypertext Pre-processor is a powerful server side scripting language for creating dynamic and
interactive web site. Server side means that t works on the server, as opposed to language that runs on
the client (i.e., the browser), like HTML, CSS, JavaScript and so on. Scripting means that PHP is an
interpreted language used mostly to create dynamic web pages. PHP it has some advantages like; it is an
open source, speed, easy to use, stable, built-in database connection modules and runs on different
platforms (Zandbergen,2005).

- Adobe Photoshop cs6 is software that provides many image editing features for pixel-based
images as well as vector graphics. It uses a layer-based editing system that enables images
creation and altering with multiple overlays that support transparency. Layer can also act as
masks or filters, altering underlying colors. Shadows and other effects can be added to the
layers. Photoshop actions include automation features to reduce the need for repetitive tasks.

- PHP MyAdmin is a free software tool written in PHP intended to handle the administration of
MySQL over the web. PHP MyAdmin supports a wide range of operations MySQL.

10
Frequently used operations (managing database, tables, columns, relations, indexes, users, and
permissions) can be performed via the user interface, while you still have the ability to directly
execute any SQL statement. For this application it provides a graphic user interface for
creating, deleting, and changing a database, table, field, and records (Zandbergen, P. 2005).

11
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1. Introduction
This chapter explains method used to gather information during research and software
development techniques used to develop this system. It attempts to show the source of data,
methods and techniques used to collect information that was analyzed and interpreted to expand
such project. Research methodology is the way of collecting data for the research project and it is a
full description of particular methodology, step –by-step methods of how the researcher intends to
achieve the stated objectives of the research.

3.2. Techniques of data collection

The suitable result obtaining, is stirred by the good selection of methods and techniques used for
collection of data. For creation of that in this project, I am going to put explanation on methods and
techniques used to observe the actuality of the current system and to reach predetermined
objectives. Through this research I used interview, internet, documentation, and observation in
order to collect essential data and carry out suitable documentation.

3.2.1. Interview
The interview is a technique of getting data by asking a number of questions to a person or a group
of persons. The main respondent was being the manager working in quality insurance officer, I
asked some question about how the existing system works and what challenges they face using it
are. By getting answers after those answers I have got a way of analyzing and provide
predetermined conclusion.

3.2.2. Observation
The observation is the act on case of noticing or perceiving follow-up of phenomena without to
change them, with the help of means of study and survey appropriated. A time has been dedicated
to the observation on the site to analyze all done works and the different consistent procedures. It
permits to see and listening these keys used in course progress and data collection. This also done
within the physical aspect.

This technique was happening observer of what really done in the existing course progress
management. I could observe all activities done within that current system and this observation
was a complement of that I collected with the help of other techniques.

12
3.2.3. The Internet
Internet provided full information about new technologies that have been developed and related
work to the project.

3.2.4. Documentation
This technique was done by getting information from existing document by reading different
progression forms, books, note and report.

3.3 Requirements Analysis

Any system designer will first analyze the existing system to point out the problems which are the
system requirements that creating need for a new one. The system analysis in this study has been catered
for in the research phase during which the designer looked at how the current system operates and its
shortcomings. The system analysis and design is used to describe the topic towards the main goal. Our
main goal is to develop Online Courses Monitoring System to support the management and distribution
of course progress content and other services to Staff related) are limited in their design and policy to
effectively support the different progressing styles.

3.3.1 Functional requirement

To login to the system: the system user must first create a user account; User authentication is required
for AdminText field of Password must be hidden while typing. User registration, Store all username and
password of admin registered. Admin checking is required according to the rules.
3.3.2 Non-functional requirement
The proposed Online Courses Monitoring System will transmit information efficiently and
seemingly to the previous forms that filled during registration process, the proposed system will only
allow access to users with login credentials like user name and passwords.

Remote access to the users the system must verify validate all user input and user must be notified in
case of errors detected in the database.

13
3.3.2.1 Software requirement

Table 1 software requirement

Software Category
Window 7 or above Operating system
Google chrome, Mozilla Firefox Browser
Sublime Text3, Notepad++ Text Editor
Smart Draw An application for creating technical diagrams
XAMPP Web Server

3.3.2.2 Hardware requirement

Table 2 Hardware requirement

Hardware Properties

Computer Processor: Above 1.7HZ

RAM: 4 GB
Hard Disk: 500 GB

3.4. Software Development Life Cycle Model (SDLC)

3.4.1. Waterfall model
Waterfall model is the oldest concept of software development model to start from RA&D process and
proceed to next process one by one. There the outputs of the first activity flow into the second and these
outputs flow into the third and so on. In a waterfall model each activity must be completed before the
next activity starts (Lewis 2001).This most probable phase through which it progresses downwards.

14
 Figure 2 Waterfall model

3.4.2. Phases of Development

- Requirements Analysis: is also known as feasibility study. In this phase, the development
team visits the customer and studies their system. They investigate the need for possible
software automation in the given system. By the end of the feasibility study, the team
furnishes a document that holds the different specific recommendations for the candidate
system. The essential purpose of this phase is to find the need and to define the problem that
needs to be solved.

- System Design: In this phase, the software development process, the software's overall
structure and its nuances are defined. A software development model is thus created. Analysis
and Design are very crucial in the whole development cycle. Any glitch in the design phase
could be very expensive to solve in the later stage of the software development. Much care is
taken during this phase. The logical system of the product is developed in this phase.

- Construction (implementation or coding): The design must be translated into a machine-

readable form. The code generation step performs this task. Programming tools like
compilers, interpreters, debuggers etc... are used to generate the code. Different high-level

15
programming languages like C, C++, Pascal, and Java are used for coding. With respect to the
type of application, the right programming language is chosen. Its goal is to translate the
design of the system into code in a given programming language.

- Testing: is a vital part of software development, and it is important to start it as early as

possible, and to make testing a part of the process of deciding requirements. In this phase, all
the program units are integrated and tested to ensure that the complete system meets the
software requirements. After this stage, the software is delivered to the customer.

- Maintenance: it allows individuals to check the performance of the software after it is

launched to see if it is all working correctly. Usually, maintenance is the longest stage of the
software. -Data Dictionary: Database users and application developers can benefit from a data
dictionary document that catalogs the organization, contents, and conventions of one or more
databases. This typically includes the names and descriptions of various tables and fields in
each database, plus additional details, like the type and length of each data element.

- System outline: It is a document showing the inputs to the system processes, the inputs are
listed at the top left, processes at the top right, outputs at the bottom right and the files at the
bottom left.

16
CHAPTER 4: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.1. Introduction
This chapter introduces techniques for designing interfaces, menus, and databases based on
the requirements specifications worked out during the analysis phase (functioning diagram,
relation diagram). This phase is the first step in moving from problem domain to the solution
domain. In other words, starting with what is needed; designing takes us towards satisfying
the needs. The design of a system is the most critical factor affecting the quality of the
software. It has impact on the late phases as testing and maintenance of the system.

4.2 System Implementation

In our study, we analyzed on the following problems, then to get the solutions.

-Why it is necessary recording of the progression courses forms as basic information?

-What are the positive impacts this electronic system will have to IPRC Ngoma? Any system
designer will first analyze the existing system to point out the problems which are the system
requirements creating need for a new one. In system analysis, more emphasis is given to
understanding the detail of an existing system or a proposed one and then deciding whether
the proposed system is desirable or not and whether the existing system needs improvements.

Thus, the system analysis is the process of investigating a system, identifying the problems
and using the information to recommend improvements to the system. Any system design
would be made after analyzing the existing system in order to show the problems that define
the need of a new system.

In the old system, we have tried to analyze how progression forms process, the future use and
reference of the records, the security for the records, the quality of the service, the cost of
time to view the records, and the reporting process, we found that there are problem of time
management and risks of self-encryption.

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4.3. Database design (ERD)

An entity-relationship diagram is a chart that visually represents the relationship between database
entities. ERDs model an organization’s data storage requirement with three main components: entities,
attributes, and relationship (Teorey 2009). An Entity which represents people, places, items and events
or concepts. Attributes, which represent properties or descriptive qualities of an entity while
Relationships, represent the link between different entities.

Promotion
Id Promotion Promotion Semester
Semester
Semester Id Id Opt_Name Promotion Semester
Opt_Name Opt_Name Level Id Opt_Name
Level Level
Module _Code Level
Module _Code Module _Code Level 3MASO
Topic Module _Code
Topic Topic
Duration Topic
Duration Duration Level 4MASO
Date Level 5MASO Duration
Date Date
Comment Date
Comment Level 5ELEC Comment 1 Teacher Comment
1
Teacher Teacher
1 Admin Teacher
Admin
Admin Admin
Id Name
Opt_ ber
l_ Num
Promotion 1 Leve Option_Name
Semester
M 1
Opt_Name N Level Has IPRCNgoma

Level 1
Module _Code Level4_ELEC Has
Id

Topic
Promotion
Duration 1
Semester
Date
Opt_Name
Comment Level
1
Teacher Module _Code
Level 5ELEC
Admin Id
Topic
1 Id
Id
Promotion Duration
Promotion 1
Promotion Date
Semester Semester
Semester

Opt_Name Opt_Name Comment

Opt_Name
Level Level Teacher
Level
Module _Code Module _Code Admin
Level 3_
ELEC Level 3 CSC Level 4ELEC Module _Code
Topic
Topic
Topic
Duration
Duration Duration
Date
Date Date
Comment
Comment Comment
Admin Teacher
Teacher Teacher
Admin
Admin

Figure 3 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

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Figure 4 login page

Figure 5 Class Representative course code attendance

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Figure 6 Class Representative adding module code

Figure 7 Class Representative making Attendance to module teacher

20
Figure 8 Teacher monthly Attendance Average

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Figure 9 Teacher’s Attendance Statistics

Figure 10 Admin Dashboard Registering Class Representative

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CHAPTER 5: RECOMMENDATION & CONCLUSION

5.1: RECOMMENDATION

During the period of practical training in the IPRC Ngoma, I have developed knowledge and experience
in the field of ICT.

Therefore, I recommend the following to:

ICT Department: Practical training is a significant thing for students. It should be done from the end of
3rd year but for better it should do start early for students to be having effective products according to the
time requested for 3rd year students some of them didn’t finished their work.

Management of IPRC NGOMA: Motivation should be given more to learners, because though their
trainer’s, if interested, they can do more things of great importance to the IPRC NGOMA.

ICT students: I also recommend to our next promotion; brothers and sisters in ICT to take the
opportunities and use them well and efficiently, since too much experience and knowledge is attained.

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5.2. CONCLUSION

Final year project is very important and very necessary because it helped me to realize my theory in
practical works. The period of Final year project at IPRC NGOMA help students to gain huge technical
knowledge and understanding experiences in real working environment. This was being wonderful
session as students from faculty of ICT. The programmer required interaction with a wide range of
people in IT profession as well as other related field. An excessive hand on experience of lighting and
working principle of some materials was studied and occasion to deal with them and exchange ideas
with others experienced, me for being more active in my carrier, this help me in taking management of
my time and have a knowledge in practical and technical skills.

During my Final year project, I have been certainly gained productive and enjoyable experience.

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REFFERENCE

• https://xampp.com/docs/5.8/installation
• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cpanel/
• IT service management Book
• Learning PHP 5

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