Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SHREDDED COCONUT (Cocusnucifera)

FLESH AND BANANA (Musa) PEEL AS AN ALTERNATIVE SHOE
POLISH ON BLACK LEATHER SHOES OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
STUDENTS IN MUNTINLUPA CITY S.Y. 2018-2019

In Partial fulfillment of the requirements of Senior High School, Grade 11 ICT

Students of Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa
Branch in Practical Research I

Prepared By:

Bantiling, Nichole G.
Demegillo, Jhun Carlos A.
Lazar, Adrian C’ven A.
Manzo, Derick Gregory F.
Pagurayan.Jeinah-Zen D.
Sucuano, Cristine T.

April 2019
 ii

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

Approval Sheet

The thesis proposal entitled “THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SHREDDED

COCONUT (COCUS NUCIFERA) FLESH AND BANANA (MUSA) PEEL
AS AN ALTERNATIVE SHOE POLISH ON BLACK LEATHER SHOES
OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN PUTATAN, MUNTINLUPA
CITY S.Y. 2018-2019”. Prepared by Grade 11 ICT students of Emmanuel John
Institute of Science and Technology Muntinlupa Branch. In partial fulfillment of
the requirements of SeniorHigh School has been examined and here by
recommended for oral examination.

MR. ALEXANDER POSESANO CLOMA JR.

ADVISER
_________________________________________________________________
Approved by the committee on oral examination in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the senior high school with the grade of

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

ALEXANDER P. CLOMA JR.

PANELIST
MARGARETTE STO. TOMAS DIANNA MAY CLEMENTE
PANELIST PANELIST
CRIS ADAGAO
DIRECTOR
 iii

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

With boundless love and appreciation, the researcher would like to extend
their heartfelt gratitude and appreciation to the people who helped them bring this
study into reality. The researchers would like to extend their profound thanks to
the following:
First, we would like to thank our Almighty God the father of heaven and
earth for giving us knowledge and wisdom in doing this research and for giving
his endless blessings and love to make this successful.
We acknowledge our deep sense of gratitude to our loving parents for
being a constant source of inspiration and motivation. They helped us in financial
needs for our research. Without their encouragement, enthusiasm and invaluable
assistance, this work would not be possible.
Our joy knows no bounds in expressing our cordial gratitude to our
friends. Their keen interest and encouragement were a great help throughout the
course of this research.
To our classmates who believed in us despite of all the problems and
difficulties we encountered.
We also want to thanked the panelist for their constractive comments,
suggestions and critiquing. We are deeply in debted to our teachers and mentors
for their guidance and assistance in carrying out this project.
And lastly, Sir Alexander PosesanoCloma Jr. for providing us opportunity
to embark on this project.
We humbly extend our thanks to all concerned person who cooperated
with us in this research.
 iv

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

DEDICATION

We dedicate this research to God Almighty our creator, our strong pillar,
our source of inspiration, wisdom, knowledge and understanding. He has been the
source of our strength throughout this research.
We also dedicated this project to our Alma mater, Emmanuel John
Institute of Science & Technology (Muntinlupa Branch) for being our second
home and for being the reason for us to become young professional.
We dedicate this project to our family, for nurturing us with affection,
love and care. They are the one who spend their time by supporting and guiding
us.
To our dearest friends and classmates who prayed for our success and for
cheering us up in times of hardships.
Fifth, we dedicate this research to our teachers and mentors who stayed
with us thru ups and downs. They have been an epitome of strength and a great
pillar of support to all of us.
Last but not the least, to our subject teacher, Sir Alexander P. Cloma Jr.
for guiding us in every step we take.
 v

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARIES Page

Title Page………………………………………………………......i
Approval Sheet…………………………………………………....ii
Abstract……………………………………………………………
Acknowledgement……………………………………………......iii
Dedication…………………………………………………….......iv

CHAPTER 1 PROBLEM AND IT’S BACKGROUND

Background of the Study……………………………………......

Statement of the problem…………………………………........
Hypothesis……………………………………………………...
Conceptual Framework………………………………………….
Theoretical Framework…………………………………………
Significance of the Study………………………………………
Scope and Delimitation…………………………………………..
Definition of Terms……………………………………………..

CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Review of Related Studies.......................................................

Review of Related Literature...................................................
 vi

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

a. Local Literature………………….…………........
b. Foreign Literature………….………………….........

CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design……………………………………………………
Population and Sample……………….…………………..…….
Research Instrument……………………………………….....
Validation Procedure………………………………………….…
Data Gathering…………………………………………………...
Data Processing and Procedure and
Statistical Treatment of Data.........................................................

CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION OF DATA ANALYSIS

AND INTERPRETATION
Presentation of Data……………………………………...…...
Analysis of Data………………………………………….………
Interpretation of Data.………………………………………........

CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION

AND RECOMMENDATION
Findings………………………………………………………….
Conclusion……………………………………………………….
Recommendation………………………………………………...
 1

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

CHAPTER 1: PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Shoe polish is a product used to shine, polish, and protect leather

footwear. Polishing shoes will increase their life span. In present times,
everybody always use shoe polishers for their shoes to look presentable and
fabulous to walk with attractive thus boosting more confidence to its beholder,
but no everyone knows that traditional shoe polish which are available in market
made of harmful chemical and synthetic ingredients which has a bad odor.
Various substances have been used as shoe polish for hundred of years,
starting with natural substances such as wax and tallow. Modern polish formulate
were introduced early in the 20th century and some products from that era are still
in use today. Today, shoe polish is usually made from a mix of natural and
synthetic materials, including naphta, turpentine, dyes and gum arabic, using
straightforward chemical engineering processes. Shoe polish can be toxic and if
misused, it can stain skin.

The popularity of shoe polish paralleled general rise in leather and

synthetic shoe production, beginning in the 19th century and continuing into the
20th. The World Wars saw a surge in demand for the product, in order to polish
army boots.
 2

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

It is said that “A shoe is not only a design, but it’s a part of your body
language, the way you walk. The way you’re going to move is quite dictated by
your shoes” just an evidence of how intricate a shoe is in yourself and in the eyes
of the people around you.
Focusing to our study, researchers will going to use the shredded coconut
flesh and banana peel in making our research.
Coconut is the fruit of the most economically important member of the
great palm family, Palmate. The genus cocos contains only one species, C.
nucifera. For centuries, the coconut tree has supplied the pacific islands with
food, drinks, shelter and most of their needs.
We have chosen banana peel as key ingredient because many are saying it
has much potential. A banana is an edible fruit produced by several kinds of large
herbaceous flowering plants in the genus Musa. In 2015, bananas were fourth
among the main world crops in financial value.
The banana peel is known for its antifungal and antibiotic properties. The
peel is also loaded with a lot of vitamins, minerals, and fiber. There many uses of
the “banana”; banana sap from the pseudostem peelings or flesh may be
sufficiently sticky for adhesive uses, the large leaves may be used as umbrellas
and many more. One of these is the banana peel. We eat banana almost every day.
There are one hundred bananas consumed in the U.K. alone, how much more
would it be including the rest of the world.
Aside from being satisfied from it, instead of throwing the peel after we
eat or putting it aside why not use them. By doing this it can help in lessening the
 3

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

chemical use in the society, to maintain a greener environment and to save money
using alternatives.
The reason why researchers come up with the research topic, knows the
fact that coconut is the “tree of life” and banana peel is a reusable waste.
Therefore, researchers use a creative way in utilizing those waste in the form of
shoe polish.
By the application of these materials, researchers can at least lessen the
waste that can lead into pollution. The main ingredients was just banana peel and
shredded coconut flesh so that it will lessen the production of biodegradable
garbage. If ever the study provide a positive outcome, to cooperate to the
government, to make a livelihood that will promote usage of the shoe polish
tracing from our study for it is an eco-friendly.
There are many advocacies promoting environmental preservation and
restoration. The product will cost lesser than those of commercial because only
the tools and some additives are need to be brought, we can assume convenience
to those who use the alternative product. It may also emit the old tradition of just
throwing banana peel instead they can collect it and make an alternative shoe
polish on their own.
 4

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The study aims to determine the effective of a shoe polish out of shredded
coconut flesh and banana peel for the year 2019-2020, the study endeavour to
answer the following question:

PROBLEM:
1. Why does the shredded coconut and banana peel is an effective medium
for shoe polish?
2. Why would people prefer our alternative shoe polish from the regular ones
that are produced?
3. What is the level or degree of effectiveness in the experimented shoe
polish?
4. How acceptable is the experimented shoe polished in terms of its general
properties gloss, color, odor, quick dry and effectiveness in respect to
time.

HYPOTHESIS

The researchers profound the hypothesis on the study on:

Hypothesis:
Ha: The alternative shoe polish out of banana peel and shredded coconut
flesh is effective.
 5

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

INPUT

-250ml of ashes
from burned
coconut flesh

-500ml of water PROCESS

-8 Banana peel 1Burned the dried coconut
flesh and collect the ashes.

2. Blend the Banana peel with

400ml of water.

3. Inspect the ashes and

remove the big particle. OUTPUT
4. Measure 100ml of water.
Alternative Shoe
5. Put the blended banana peel Polish
in the pan.

6. Heat the mixture until it

boils; stir even so that it
would not clot.

7. Remove the pan from

the fire
 6

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

According to Pozu, a Chinese shoe company, coconut based shoe polish is

less polluting than other shoe polishes. Since the company promotes eco-friendly
products coconut based shoe polish is very efficient in their campaign. Plus, they
also think that coconut based polish is better than any other brand.

According to a study, banana peels can be a bio plastic. Through its starch
and cellulose-whom really needed in making a plastic. This bio-plastic will help
environment to remain its clean state, since it will lessen the present pollutions
found in the society.

According to a book wrote by Catherine Bailey, most traditional shoe

polishes are pretty toxic, since they smell really bad and contain warnings to
apply only in a "ventilated area." While the research conducted by Hillary
Marshall, the neurotoxic chemicals in some commercial shoe polishes can be both
inhaled and absorbed through the skin during use. These chemicals can cause
irritation and are linked to a host of health risks. In their study, they say that shoe
polish can be extremely harmful to the environment. You can make your own
organic shoe polish to replace the potentially dangerous chemical shoe polishes
available commercial.

According to the research conducted by Hillary Marshall, the neurotoxic

chemicals in some commercial shoe polishes can be both inhaled and absorbed
through the skin during use. These chemicals can cause irritation and are linked to
a host of health risks. You can make your own organic shoe polish to replace the
potentially dangerous chemical shoe polishes available commercial. Homemade
 7

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

organic shoe polish doesn't require a laundry list of items to make. In fact, with a
just a few ingredients from your cupboard you can make a safe and effective
organic shoe polish in a matter of minutes.
 8

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The benefit of shoe polish is that it helps preserve the material that shoes
are made out of. It gives a moisturizing effect to the leather and proper care may
help in lasting the shoe for several years.

The findings of this study will be significant to the following:

FAMILY

They will be benefited for they will have an idea on how to make an
alternative and efficient shoe polish at home. It will also lessen their daily
expenses.

COMMUNITY

The result of this study will provide information to them that waste like
banana peel can be a useful product and can encourage them to transform waste
in a usable product.

ENTREPRENEUR

The result will benefit them for they can use this study to come up new
business in making an alternative shoe polish. It is also for them to earn money
while conserving the environment.

FARMER

It will benefit the local coconut and banana tree farmers in terms of
product efficiency. The waste may be sold to the entrepreneurs. It will be an idea
to them to be more creative and resourceful to things around them.
 9

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

GOVERNMENT AGENCIES

The outcome of this study will help the local government to build micro
business in making shoe polish which in turn, gives job to unemployed citizen or
residence.
 10

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This study endeavoured to determine the efficiency of shoe polish out of

shredded coconut flesh and banana peel.

The information looked into was the effectiveness of the experimented

shoe polish in terms of its general properties:Gloss, Color, Odor, Quick dry and
effectiveness in respect to time.

This study is only applicable on black leather shoes which will be judge
by 100 randomly chosen respondents from Senior High School students of
Putatan, Muntinlupa City using stratified sampling method who are capable of
having keen senses.
 11

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Adsorption- the process by which a solid holds molecules of a gas or liquid or

solute as a thin film.

Arrhenius relationship- gives the dependence of the rate constant of a chemical

reaction on the absolute temperature.

Banana peel- is the outer covering of the banana fruit.

Coconut husk– the flesh of the coconut

Cordial- warm and friendly.

Drastically- in a way that is likely to have a strong or far-reaching effect.

Endeavour- try hard to do or achieve something.

Enthusiasm- intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval.

Feedstock- raw material to supply or fuel a machine or industrial process.

Fractographic- is the study of the fracture surfaces of materials.

Herbaceous- of, denoting, or relating to herbs (in the botanical sense).

Hybrid- refer to anything that is a mixture of other things, especially two other.
Things

Intricate- very complicated or detailed.

Lignocellulosic- refers to plant dry matter.

 12

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

Musa paradisiaca (Plantain)– is a member of the banana family that is primarily

oriented to the domestic market, but it is also the second largest fruit export, after
bananas.

Paradigm- a typical example or pattern of something; a model.

Partial- existing only in part; incomplete.

Pseuodostem fibre- are thick-walled cells that are bonded together by hemi-
cellulose, pectin, and lignin. These fibers are located in the outer periphery. of
each sheath.

Rwanda- is a country in Central and East Africa and one of the smallest countries
on the African mainland.

Sawdust-urea-formaldehyde resin- Tensively used as a binder adhesive for the

production of wood-based panels such as medium density fiberboard,
particleboard (PB) and hardwood plywood for interior uses.

Tannins- a yellowish or brownish bitter-tasting organic substance present in

some galls, barks, and other plant tissues, consisting of derivatives of gallic acid,
used in leather production and ink manufacture.

Unhybridized- not comparable

Venture- dare to do something or go somewhere that may be dangerous or

unpleasant.
 13

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the literature, studies conducted, and the readings
significantly related to this present study. Hence, they serve and provide essential
background to this study.

Banana is a general term embracing a number of species or hybrids in the

genus Musa of the family Musaceae. A banana peel is the outer covering of the
banana fruit.
As bananas, whether eaten raw or cooked, are a popular fruit consumed
worldwide, with yearly production over 145 million tonnes in 2011, there is a
significant amount of banana peel waste being generated as well.
Banana peels are used as feedstock as they have some nutritional value.
Banana peels are widely used for that purpose on small farms in regions where
bananas are grown. There are some concerns over the impact of tannins contained
in the peels on animals that consume them. Banana peels are used as feedstock for
cattle, goats, pigs, poultry, rabbits, fish and several other species.
Banana peels are sometimes used as feedstock for cattle, goats,
pigs,monkeys,poultry,fish,zebras and several oher species, typically on small
farms in regiuons where bananas are grown. There are some concerns over the
impacts of tannins contained in the peels on animals that consume them.
Bananas are a popular fruit consumed worldwide with a yearly production
of over 165million tonnes in 2011. Once the peel is removed, the fruit can be
eaten raw or cooked and the peel is generally discarded. Because of this removal
of the banana peel, a significant amount of organic waste is generated.
 14

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

The nutritional value of banana peel depends on the stage of maturity and
the cultivar, for example plantain peels contain less fibre than dessert banana
peels, contain less fibre than dessert banana peels, and lignin content increases
with ripening (from 7 to 15% dry matter). On average, banana peels contain 6-9%
dry matter of protein and 20-30% fibre (measured as NDF). Green plantain peels
contain 40% strach that is transformed into sugars after ripening. Green banana
peels contain much less starch (about 15%) when green than plantain peels, while
ripe banana peels contain up to 30% free sugars.
The scientific name for coconut is Cocusnucifera. Early Spanish explorers
called it coco, which means “monkey face” because the three indentations (eyes)
on the hairy nut resembles the head and face of a monkey. The coconut provides a
nutritious source of meat, juice, milk, and oil that has fed and nourished
populations around the world for generations in many islands, coconut is a staple
in the diet and provides the majority of the food eaten. Yearly one third of the
world's population depends on coconut to some degree for their food and their
economy. (Among these cultures, the coconut has a long and respected history.)
Coconut is said to be the tree of life. You can get any product from its
roots up to its leaves. In the context of the Philippines, coconut is very important.
Almost 25 percent of cultivated land is planted with it. Most Filipinos,
approximately 11 percentagedepending on it mainly because it supports their
family and their livelihood in general. Copra is the most produced product from
coconuts by the Filipinos though there are some products they also produce like
copra cake, coconut oil, desiccated coconut, coconut vinegar, coconut husks,
handicrafts, and many more. These products generate the largest agri-food export
but over the years, the industry does not perform well due to some reasons.
 15

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

The article reported on Fruity clothing with banana fibres (2009) 214
speaks about the prospects of this fibre gaining global spotlight. Being completely
biodegradable and naturally occurring, the banana fibre products are expected to
be in great demand in the international markets as they pose notoxic effects to
man and the environment. A number of value added textile products can be made
which in turn would enhance the profitability of bananafarming.

Kanyesigye (2009) 203 had reported on the training carried out in banana
fibres in Rwanda. The workshop that was organized by the Workforce
DevelopmentAuthority (WDA), aimed at training artisans to understand the
features of banana fibre and review both manual and machine extraction.People
were taught appropriate dying and braiding of banana fibres and handicrafts
making.The training workshop was organized by the Workforce
DevelopmentAuthority (WDA) and supported by UtexRWA (a local textile
industry) and PPPMER, a body that supports small and medium enterprises.
 16

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

FOREIGN LITERATURE

Uganda Investment Authority(2013), Activated Carbon from burned

coconut husk is an amorphous form of carbon which has an ability to absorb
gases and vapors in gaseous phase and attain the property of quick dry.

According to Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technoloy, banana

peel is a good source of fibre. (Songklanakarin Journal of Science and
Technology, 2011)

According to Liesl Clark, banana peels can aslso be natural alternatives

sources of shoe polish, teeth whitener, and a tomato plant fertilizer. It also has
compounds that can be used as insecticieds. (L. Clark, 2013)

Alibaba.com, an Arabic website that offers a wide variety of common

household products. They also promote coconut based shoe polish because they
proved through test and analysis that this type of shoe polish is better than any
other brand sold in the market today.

According to Lamont Ly (September 3, 2016), Forgetting shoe polish is

something that we all do and have done so many times in the past and there’s no
point getting mad about it again when there is a chance that you might make the
same mistake again in the future. Sometimes this is in the past and there’s no
point getting mad about it again when there is a chance that you might make the
same mistake again in the future. Sometimes this is something that we simply
can’t avoid. The thing is that our lives have become so busy now that
remembering to pack or buy shoe polish might seem like a very demanding job.
 17

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

Ibrahim (2009) 61 carried out a study on Lingo-cellulosic composites.

According to the study, banana pseudo stem fibre, which is a lingo-cellulosic
material, relatively inexpensive, and abundantly available, was assessed in terms
of its fibre-matrix adhesion and dispersion in composites. Different types of
adhesives were used. The mechanical and water adsorption properties were
investigated. Overall, for the produced composites, the incorporation of sawdust-
urea-formaldehyde resin into banana fibre resulted in the best mechanical
properties. Good adhesion-fibre interaction is believed to be responsible for the
good ultimate performance. The superior reinforcing characteristics of sawdust
resin were shown by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed
better fibre-matrix adhesion. Water adsorption tests revealed that the presence of
the adhesive affected the amount of water absorbed.
 18

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

LOCAL LITERATURE

According to a research conducted by the Third year students from Our

Lady of Caysasay Academy namely Bagsic, Eryca M. Bohibis, Angeliki Greece
M., and Higuit, Jewel Emerald V. (2012). These three students performed the
same performance task. They were very successful in their project because of
their accurate information and precise procedures they performed, Which
attracted the group in doing the same project. They started that in their own
review of related literature, they have search the website of renowned scientific
bodies and show that in these website, coconut do in fact have properties that can
be use as shoe polish. It contains special properties that can improve shoe quality.

The Department of Science and Technology was looking for something

that the people of Region IX can use as a source of livelihood. So that DOST
Region IX sector conducted their own investigatory project and came up with
using coconut as shoe polish because of the regions large coconut plantation.
They reduce the coconut that piling or over the community. So thus Region IX
sector use them as shoe polish because according to their research, coconut based
shoe polish is very earth friendly more effective than any other brand and very
safe to use.

According to the book wrote by Jared Dialmario, shoes are basically

pieces of leather with coating and stitching to fit around the feet to provide
protection. The natural way to shine your shoes takes this concept into account. If
your shoes are made of natural materials, then those materials will inform the way
you care for them. Leather, we all know, is animal skin. Typically shoe leather
comes from cowhide. Cheap leather shoes will be made from synthetic leather
 19

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

and plastics. It is very difficult to shine these shoes naturally because they are
made from petroleum products. In order to care for these shoe surfaces, you must
use artificial chemicals. However, if your shoe is made from 100% leather, then
you can use natural oils and cleaning tools to care for them. The most important
part of shoe care is proper moisture management. Shoe leathers absorbs the sweat
from our feet. They also absorbs moisture from outside, such as rain, water or oils
in the street. To manage moisture, you must ensure your shoes dry out. Do not
wear the same pair of shoes every day. Rotate two pairs. This allows the leather to
dry out. Before you shine your shoes, make sure they are dry from the inside and
outside.

Pineapples and banana peel set hanol yields were significantly higher than
plantain peel ethanol yield. The finding of this study suggest that waste from
fruits that contain fermentable sugoars can no longer be discarded into out
environment, but should be converted to useful products like bio-ethanol that can
serve as alternative energy source. (International Journal of Environmental
Science and Developments, 2013)
 20

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This chapter present methods and procedures that were used to attain valid
and relevant results for the study.

The main purpose of this study is to determine the effect of banaana peel
and shredded coconut as an alternartive shoe polish.

In order to produce and sample information in the study, the test was used
to assess the sufficiency of shoe polish out of shredded coconut flesh and banana
peel supported with the related documents and studies. The respondents were
randomly chosen but with the consideration if their physical capability to rate the
product based on the sensual properties. In this study, the data gathered from the
respondents were interpreted accordingly.

Since no Experimental for this fitted, an improvised experimental design

was formulated. After the treatment, observation is take place using post test. The
variables being manipulated in the study is the shoe polish out of shredded
coconut flesh with banana peel.

The variables that are difficult to control and can weaken and strengthen
the outcome of the study is the dissimilarity of shoe which will be applied by the
shoe polish in terms of texture and condition. While the variable which will
experience the effect of manipulation is the effect of application of the shoe
polish being experimented in the general properties of shoe polish.
 21

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

Materials and Procedures:

The materials that the researchers prepared where:

-250ml of ashes from burned coconut flesh

-500ml of water

-8 Banana peel

-Container

After gathering the materials, follow these steps:

1Burned the dried coconut flesh and collect the ashes.

2. Blend the Banana peel with 400ml of water.

3. Inspect the ashes and remove the big particle.

4. Measure 100ml of water.

5. Put the blended banana peel in the pan.

6. Heat the mixture until it boils; stir even so that it would not clot.

7. Remove the pan from the fire

8. Pour into container. The mixture needs to settle for five hours before used.
 22

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

Population and Sample

This study includes a hundred (100) of students respondents. The

sampling technique that was utilized is stratified sampling method.

Research Instrument

A set of Questionnaire containing one (1) page including a letter of

request was given; it includes personal profile of the respondents such as name,
age, and gender.

It contains only one (1) category to assess their perceptions regarding the
outcome of the experimental study. The respondents were oriented by the
researchers to make sure of the information and clarify of the given questionnaire.
 23

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

Data Gathering

The questionnaire was distributed to the respondents on the third week of

February. Afterwards the questionnaire was gathered personally by the
researchers.

The researcher used the rating scale in gathering data and information. It
is to determine the effectiveness of the experimented shoe polish out of shredded
coconut and banana peel. This consists of number one to five, being 1 as the
lowest and 5 as the highest.

5 – Strongly Agree

4 – Agree

3 – Neutral

2 – Disagree

1 – Strongly Disagree

After the questionnaire was retrieved and tallied, the data was then
analyzed and interpreted by the researchers.
 24

Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch

212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

Data Processing Procedure and Statistical Treatment of Data

Profile of the Respondents

Legend: Age: Gender: Strand: Grade Level:

(15-16) – Male – ICT – Grade 11 –
(17-18) – Female – ABM – Grade 12 –
(19-20) – HE –
(21-22) – GAS –
HUMSS –
STEM –
AD –
MARITIME –
Total: 100 100 100 100
The data collected from the questionnaire are reviewed, tabulated, and coded for
analysis. The dependent and independent variables were coded and interpreted as
follows:
 Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch
212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

Percentage distribution was utilized to describe The Effects of Using

Social Networking Sites in Relation to the Academic Performance of Senior High
School Students in Muntinlupa City variables in terms of age, gender, strand, and
25
grade level. Descriptive statistics such as frequency count, mean, percent and
rank are considered.

Chapter 4

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

TABLE 1: Demographic Profile of the Respondents.

TABLE 1.1: Demographic profile in terms of AGE.

Age Frequency Percentage

15-16
17-18
19-20
21-22
Total 100 100%
 Emmanuel John Institute of Science and Technology, Muntinlupa Branch
212 Pedro Diaz Bukal St. Poblacion, Muntinlupa City

The demographic profile for age shows that most of the respondents are
inline of the age 17-18 with the total number of 64 or 64%, 24 or 24% in 19-20
years old, 8 or 8% in 15-16 years old and 4 or 4% in 21-22 years old.