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Perl Cheat Sheet

This document provides a cheat sheet summarizing many key concepts in Perl including contexts and sigils, arrays and hashes, references, scalars and values, regular expressions, syntax, functions, special variables, and more. It is organized into sections covering these essential Perl topics and concepts and provides examples and brief explanations for each.

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Giova Rossi
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93 views2 pages

Perl Cheat Sheet

This document provides a cheat sheet summarizing many key concepts in Perl including contexts and sigils, arrays and hashes, references, scalars and values, regular expressions, syntax, functions, special variables, and more. It is organized into sections covering these essential Perl topics and concepts and provides examples and brief explanations for each.

Uploaded by

Giova Rossi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Perl Cheat Sheet

CONTEXTS SIGILS ARRAYS HASHES


void $scalar whole: @array %hash
scalar @array slice: @array[0, 2] @hash{'a', 'b'}
list %hash element: $array[0] $hash{'a'}
&sub
*glob SCALAR VALUES
number, string, reference, glob, undef
REFERENCES
\ references $$foo[1] aka $foo->[1]
$@%&* dereference $$foo{bar} aka $foo->{bar}
[] anon. arrayref ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1]->[2]
{} anon. hashref ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1][2]
\() list of refs
NUMBERS vs STRINGS LINKS
OPERATOR PRECEDENCE = = perl.plover.com
-> + . search.cpan.org
++ -- == != eq ne cpan.org
** < > <= >= lt gt le ge pm.org
! ~ \ u+ u- <=> cmp tpj.com
=~ !~ perldoc.com
* / % x SYNTAX
+ - . for (LIST) { }, for (a;b;c) { }
<< >> while ( ) { }, until ( ) { }
named uops if ( ) { } elsif ( ) { } else { }
< > <= >= lt gt le ge unless ( ) { } elsif ( ) { } else { }
== != <=> eq ne cmp for equals foreach (ALWAYS)
&
| ^ REGEX METACHARS REGEX MODIFIERS
&& ^ string begin /i case insens.
|| $ str. end (before \n) /m line based ^$
.. ... + one or more /s . includes \n
?: * zero or more /x ign. wh.space
= += -= *= etc. ? zero or one /g global
, => {3,7} repeat in range
list ops () capture REGEX CHARCLASSES
not (?:) no capture . == [^\n]
and [] character class \s == [\x20\f\t\r\n]
or xor | alternation \w == [A-Za-z0-9_]
\b word boundary \d == [0-9]
\z string end \S, \W and \D negate
DO
use strict; DON'T LINKS
use warnings; "$foo" perl.com
my $var; $$variable_name perlmonks.org
open() or die $!; `$userinput` use.perl.org
use Modules; /$userinput/ perl.apache.org
parrotcode.org

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FUNCTION RETURN LISTS
stat localtime caller SPECIAL VARIABLES
0 dev 0 second 0 package $_ default variable
1 ino 1 minute 1 filename $0 program name
2 mode 2 hour 2 line $/ input separator
3 nlink 3 day 3 subroutine $\ output separator
4 uid 4 month-1 4 hasargs $| autoflush
5 gid 5 year-1900 5 wantarray $! sys/libcall error
6 rdev 6 weekday 6 evaltext $@ eval error
7 size 7 yearday 7 is_require $$ process ID
8 atime 8 is_dst 8 hints $. line number
9 mtime 9 bitmask @ARGV command line args
10 ctime just use @INC include paths
11 blksz POSIX:: 3..9 only @_ subroutine args
12 blcks strftime! with EXPR %ENV environment

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