EMT FISDAP FINAL EXAM
Questions and Answers
(2022/2023) (Verified
Answers)
what do you do for labored, contstriction, or lack of tidal volume - Answer-assist ventilations with BVM
What do you do for acid in eyes - Answer-irrigate, if contacts take them out
Signs and Symptoms of tension pneumothorax - Answer-progressive shortness of breath
increased altered level of consciousness
neck vein distention
tracheal deviation
What organ could be affected by trauma to the upper right quadrant - Answer-liver
flail chest is charcterized and defined by - Answer-paradoxical motion
2 or more ribs broken in two or more places
subcutaneous emphysema what is it and how to treat - Answer-A characteristic crackling sensation felt
on palpation of the skin, caused by the presence of air in soft tissues. treat by positive pressure
ventilations
Daughter is power of attourney and wants father to recieve care, father is AxO x4 and does not want
care - Answer-Respect patient wishes because he is concious without altered mental status
Open fracture and bleeding PPE - Answer-gloves, mask, goggles
What EMS statistic is needed to reduce speed limit in given area - Answer-Fatalities and injuries that
have happened on that stretch of road
Triage color green - Answer-ambulatory,
yellow - Answer-delayed
red - Answer-immediate
black - Answer-dead/ expectant
you are treating a 300 pound male who cannot walk what should you do - Answer-call for assistance
triage in the - Answer-cold zone
Pedatric/ infant breath rate - Answer-18-30
Cardiac arrest in children is caused most likely by - Answer-hypoxia, resp distress or failure
Croup is characterized by - Answer-hoarseness, "barking" cough, inspiratory stridor and varying degrees
of respiratory distress resulting from swelling in or obstruction in the region near the larynx.
Steps to treating bleeding - Answer-first direct pressure then tourniquet is direct pressure does not stop
the bleeding
Signs and symptoms of meningitis - Answer-fever, rash, stiff neck, altered mental status
specifcally in infants: Swelling of fontanelles
Apgar scale - Answer-appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration
when treating allergy primary concern is - Answer-AIRWAY
when to start chest compression on newborn - Answer-pluse under 60
ruptured spleen in child - Answer-bleeding and pain
right upper quadrant - Answer-Liver, Right Kidney, Colon, Pancreas, Gallbladder
left upper quadrant - Answer-liver, spleen, left kidney, stomach, colon, pancreas
left lower quadrant - Answer-Part of descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Left ovary and tube
Left ureter
Left spermatic cord
right lower quadrant - Answer-cecum, appendix, right ovary and tube, right ureter, right spermatic cord
Signs and symptoms of epiglottitis - Answer-Sudden onset, high fever
"Hot-potato" voice
Dysphagia, drooling
No cough
Prefers to sit upright, lean forward (tripod position)
Appears toxic and stridulous
when babies head appears out of vaginal canal check for - Answer-nuhical cord
place baby where until umbillical cord is done pulsating - Answer-at the height of the vaginal canal
transport pregnant women in what position and why - Answer-left lateral recumbant to take pressure of
the heart and vena cava
questions for pregnant mom - Answer-how many weeks along are you
how far apart are contractions
Signs of imminent delivery - Answer-Crowning, Urge to bear down or go to the bathroom, "It's Coming",
and Contractions of increased frequency & intensity.
preclampsia - Answer-abnormal condition associated with pregnancy marked by high blood pressure
proteinuria, and edema.
eclampsia - Answer-true toxemia of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, albuminuria,
edema of the legs and feet, severe headaches, dizziness, convulsions, and coma
ovarian cyst signs and symptoms - Answer-lower pain on either side, nausea, bleeding, ask when last
menstrutal cycle was
PID signs and symptoms - Answer--onset is usually after menses
-sudden pelvic pain, profuse vaginal exudate, fever, metrorrhagia, discharge
When to massage fundus - Answer-stops bleeding and cramping after delivery
woman is bleeding after sexual assualt - Answer-use pad or sterile gauze and put under her to collect
the blood
breech birth - Answer-Baby is delivered feet or buttocks first
when can you insert a gloved finger into the vaginal canal - Answer-if umbillical cord is around the
babies neck
perineum tearing - Answer-tearing from vagina to anus after delivery
preciptitous delivery - Answer-perineum tearing and emergency delivery
bleeding from shunt - Answer-don't let this question confuse you
hold pressure at place of bleeding
Pancreatitis symptoms - Answer-upper abdominal pain, swollen and tender abdomen, nausea, vomiting,
fever, increased heart rate, weight loss, and diabetes.
important to note if they are chronic drinkers
petite mal seizure - Answer-blank out for 3-5 seconds, still conscious, eyes may flutter
zone out
Focal Motor Seizure - Answer-Starts in a group of muscles a "focus"
May progress to include the whole entire arm
May progress to a Grand Mal Seizure
grand mal seizure - Answer-They may have an "aura"
Tonic-Clonic phase
Loss of consciousness
clenched teeth, biting the cheek or tongue, incontinence
post-itcal phase
status epilepticus - Answer-A condition in which seizures recur every few minutes or last more than 5
minutes.
example question: Patient is zoned out, could be poison, OD or low blood sugar or seizure, question
gives you the age of the patient and no other signs or symptoms, because of the lack of signs of poison
or pills or history of diabetes it is most likely - Answer-seizures
Appendicitis signs and symptoms - Answer-rebound tenderness, young, pain near umbilical region, right
lower quad
eptopic pregnancy - Answer-implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than the normal uterine
location happens in first trimester
abruptio placentae - Answer-premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, third trimester
placenta previa - Answer-implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of
the uterus, third trimester
spontaneous abortion - Answer-when the fetus and placenta deliver before the 20th week of pregnancy;
commonly called a miscarriage
subarachnoid hemorrhage - Answer-worst headache, assess bp will be low, cushing triaid, slow pulse,
unbalanced respirations
Left sided heart failure - Answer-shortness of breath
right sided heart failure - Answer-1. Jungular Vein Distention
2. Ascending Dependent Edema
3. Weight Gain
4. Hepatomegaly (Liver Enlargement)
steps when assessing unconc patient - Answer-check for responsiveness, check for pulse, check for chest
rise and fall
communicable disease PPE and decom - Answer-mask, gloves, goggles, disinfect with approved
germicidal agent
Oral Glucose Indications - Answer-hypoglycemia, able to swallow
when to extricate before giving care - Answer-direct life threat/ scene saftey threat ex: fire in car
OPIOD indications - Answer-pinpoint pupils, respiratory arrest, cyanosis, track marks
Cholecystitis - Answer-inflammation of the gallbladder
Cholecystitis S/S - Answer-severe midepigastric or right upper quadrant pain radiating to back and
referred to right scapula usually after meals
fat intolerance
flatulence
indigestion
diaphoresis
n/v
chills
low grade fever
possible jaundice
clay-colored stools with common bile duct obstruction
when approaching a psych patient - Answer-calm them down, be reassuring, deescalate the situation
carbon monoxide poisoning - Answer--carbon monoxide binds with hemoglobin and reduces oxygen
supply to tissues
-cannot be seen. smelled, or tasted
-s/s include: nausea, vomiting, headache, weakness, and unconsciousness, Altered LOC, high SPO2
-death may occur with prolonged exposure
-prevention by ensuring proper ventilation when using fuel-burning devices
-gas-burning devices should be inspected annually
-flues and chimneys should be unobstructed
-carbon monoxide detectors should be installed and inspected regularly
NPA indications - Answer-concious with gag reflex
Suction Catheter for oropharynx - Answer-yonker tip/ ridgid tip
spontaneous pneumothorax - Answer-increaed heart rate, hypoxia, chest pain
Tension pneumothorax
S/S - Answer-JVD, diminished/absent lung sounds, tracheal deviation towards unaffected side, poor
BVM compliance
pneumonia - Answer-swollen avoli, crackles, fever, warm dry and flushed, transport and give oxygen
chronic bronchitis - Answer-lungs constantly inflamed, barrel chest
systolic pressure - Answer-Blood pressure in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles.
diastolic pressure - Answer-Blood pressure that remains between heart contractions.
Contraindications of nitroglycerin - Answer-(Contraindications:) Cerebral hemorrhage, sexual
enhancement drugs, hypotension-systolic blood pressure < 100.
important stroke question to ask - Answer-when was the last time they were seen normal
pulmonary edema s/s - Answer-Severe dyspnea and air hunger
Cough productive of frothy, blood tinged sputum
Tachypnea and tachycardia
Cold, clammy skin
Cyanosis
Extreme apprehension
Confusion, stupor
caused by left sided heart failure
transport shock patient in - Answer-supine
agonal respirations treatment - Answer-BVM
Heart Failure S/S - Answer-Shortness of breath, fatigue, and weakness, weilling in the legs, feet
abdomen. Reapid or irregular heartbeat with S3 or S4 heart sounds, persistent cough or wheezing, and
weight gain from fluid etention. Treatment: balance of medication, devices, and lifestule changes to
heald the heart contract normally.
TIA - Answer-mimic stroke, symptoms go away in 24 hours
CVA - Answer-ruptured artery in brain hemmorragic shock
Ischemic stroke symptoms - Answer-facial droop, weak, slurred speech, time
cardiogenic shock - Answer-post MI, irregular pulse, low BP, thready pulse rate fast, pale, cool, clammy
BVM if respirations are - Answer-under 12 or over 20 (not exact) and do not have good lung sounds,
under 8 ventilate
wheezing - Answer-High pitched sound heard in the lungs with asthmatics or lung disease lower airway
Rhonchi - Answer-Rattling noise of mucous in the lungs, upper airway
crackles - Answer-(rales) abnormal, discontinuous, adventitious lung sounds heard on inspiration lower
airway
stridor - Answer-upper airway, indicated foreign object
if ventilations are not going in what should you do - Answer-resposition
Nasal Canula flow rate - Answer-1-6
BVM flow rate - Answer-15-25
NRB flow rate - Answer-10-15 LPM
Nebulizer flow rate - Answer-6-8 lpm
if patient collaspes with airway obstruction - Answer-check for pulse, start w chest compressions
what to ask when approaching chocking vicitm - Answer-Are you chocking? Tell them to cough, when no
air is entering the lungs start back blows and chest thrust
threat patient w humidified oxygen if - Answer-swollen throat, croupy cough, assessory muscle use, or
stridor, not if anaphylatic
when patient is having trouble breathing, to get their history ask - Answer-yes or no questions
landing zone - Answer-100 by 100 ft
when to request additional assitance - Answer-too many for your team to handle, requested before
even exiting ambulance
Quaility improvement for EMS - Answer-critiquing what went well and what could be improved upon,
internal and external review
Rapid extraction - Answer-can be necessary even if CSPine is indicated
BSi PPE for profuse bleeding - Answer-Gloves, eye protection, mask
Notify law enforcement when hospice death - Answer-doesn't add up to natural causes
USing TC - Answer-extracation when needing to remove piece of car from patient
Minor on scene transporting parent - Answer-take them in ambulance with you or call law enforcement
to transport them
Using power grip hand go - Answer-10 inches apart
When driving proceed through intersections - Answer-like no one can hear the sirens
when correcting an error on document - Answer-line through it and initial
triage where - Answer-in cold zone
community relations example - Answer-offer BP check to whole community
WHn patient is unoconcious and unrepsonsive first always - Answer-check pulse and start CPR
black and tarry stool - Answer-upper GI bleed
Lower GI bleed - Answer-bright red stool
When to remove a penetrating object? - Answer-1. Obstructs airway
2. Impedes CPR
usually just stablilize
3 year old is drooling and oesn't want to eat? what does he most liekly have? - Answer-epiglottitis
Signs of respiratory distress in children - Answer-grunting, intercostal retractions, nasal flaring
You arrive on scene and CPR is in progress what shuld you do - Answer-apply AED
AED Shockable Rhythms - Answer-V-tach and V-fib
what to do for gurgling respirtations - Answer-suction
pumonary edema - Answer-Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces of the lungs. Blood
backs up into pulmonary circulation because left ventricle can't pump it forward (Can occur acutely,
such as with MI Or can occur as an exacerbation of chronic HF)
Emphysema - Answer-A serious disease that destroys lung tissue and causes breathing difficulties.
pink and skinny
check pulse of hypothemic oatient for at least - Answer-30 seconds
signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure - Answer--Cough (frequent, productive, hemoptysis)
-Progressive dyspnea with exertion
-Orthopnea
-Pitting edema of legs and feet or generalized edema of face, hands, or sacral area
-Heart palpitations
-Progressive fatigue or syncope with exertion
-Moist rales in lower lobes, indicating pulmonary edema
What does nitroglycerin do - Answer-1. Vasodilator, opening up vessels to increase blood supply to the
heart
2. Smooth muscle relaxant
what position to place nitro patient in - Answer-supine
responding to cardiac arrest - Answer-start w compressions then go to AED
after delivery of baby - Answer-dry and warm keep at vaginal opening level
hypothermia treatment - Answer-remove from cold, take off wet clothing, wrap in blankets, severe
cases EMS ASAP
gunshot wound, shortness of breath how to treat - Answer-ventilate, immoblize, take vitals and apply
occlusive dressing
puncture wound apply what - Answer-3 sided occlusive dressing
head inury and blood thinner causes - Answer-hemorrraging
bubbling/ bleding from chest apply - Answer-fully occulsive dressing
femur fracture - Answer-lower than hip, deformities, less angulation that hip dislocations
hip discolation - Answer-rotates whole leg
knife is implaed - Answer-stablilize with bulky dressings
pulmonary contustion - Answer-trauma to the chest
aorta dissection - Answer-tearing pain to the back
Annurism - Answer-when a vessel wall weakens and balloons
aorta rupture - Answer-dead
Nose bleed - Answer-lean forward and pinch nose
Rule of (s - Answer-arm - 9, 1/2 arm 4.5, head 9, palm 1
neck puncture wound - Answer-occlusive dressing
spleen - Answer--Upper left of the abdomen, behind the stomach and below diaphragm.
-Lymphoid tissue
-Blood vessels are *connected* to the spleen by *splenic sinuses*.
-*Function*: Filter unwanted materials from the blood (including old RBC) and to help fight infections.
-Up to 10% of the population has one or more accessory spleens that tend to form at the hilum of the
original spleen.
eccomosis - Answer-bruising, often caused by internal bleeding
solid organ rupture - Answer-results in internal bleeding, abdominal distention, eccomosis
any kind of abdominal pain first thing you do - Answer-two Es: expose and examine region
pulmonary embolism - Answer-A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood
vessels of the lung, causing obstruction of blood flow.
