Pass4side 310-600

SUN 310-600

SUN SIGMA BLACK BELT CERTIFICATION EXAM

Q&A v 3.24

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1. In two months, there are 200 defects in 40 units processed. If each unit has 25
opportunities, what is the process
DPMO?
A. 200,000
B. 400,000
C. 800,000
D. 1,000,000
Answer: A
2. Which of the following are NOT common pitfalls to the Sun Shot process?
A. Multiple champions
B. Too little time allotted
C. Poor action item accountability
D. Weak sponsorship
Answer: A
3. What is the purpose of a pilot?
A. To analyze a process and determine the source of defects
B. To test a solution on a small or limited scale
C. To implement a compromised solution when true consensus cannot be reached
D. To collect baseline data from an existing process
Answer: B
4. Which tool is used to evaluate process variation over time?
A. Pie chart
B. Scatter plot
C. Individuals chart
D. Pareto Chart
Answer: C
5. What should be included in a good problem/opportunity statement?
A. A description of the causes of the problem
B. A statement of the project improvement goal
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C. An assignment of responsibility for the problem

D. The severity of the problem
Answer: D
6. A project charter should be:
A. Treated by the team as a fixed contract to be changed only by approval of 51%
of the team
B. Treated as a living document which will evolve as new information is discovered

C. Written in precise technical language

D. A brief document 2-3 pages in length
Answer: B
7. Which tool is best for illustrating possible causes for an effect?
A. QFD
B. Fishbone diagram
C. Process flowchart
D. Histogram
Answer: B
8. Which of the following is NOT a benefit associated with control charts?
A. They demonstrate process performance relative to customer specifications
B. They demonstrate stability and predictability of a process over time
C. They show parameter performance, mean, and control limits
D. They offer early warning of possible problems
Answer: A
9. Which statement is a good guideline for brainstorming?
A. Keep the list of ideas manageable by allowing each participant a set number of
contributions
B. Establish the objective prior to the brainstorming session
C. Focus on idea quality, rather than quantity
D. Provide a familiar venue for the process
Answer: B
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10. A factorial 2-level DOE does NOT:

A. Confirm possible critical Xs
B. Confirm design parameter impacts on Ys
C. Confirm causes identified by hypothesis tests
D. Confirm best robust design
Answer: D
11. Which is the best tool to show a quantitative comparison of the frequency of
occurrence for different failure modes?
A. QFD
B. Individuals chart
C. Pareto chart
D. Scatter diagram
Answer: C
12. What is the best use for the ANOVA test?
A. To complete a least squares regression fit for more than one data set
B. To determine if several samples belong to the same population relative to their
mean
C. To determine the variance of a non-normal data set
D. To compare data set normality
Answer: B
13. CAP and DMAIC are useful together since:
A. The focus of DMAIC is collecting data and the focus of CAP is to make solutions
more sustainable
B. The focus of CAP is collecting data and the focus DMAIC is influencing people
to build acceptance
C. The focus of CAP is to find the best solution for a problem and the focus of
DMAIC is to make solutions sustainable
D. The focus of DMAIC is to find the best solution for a problem and the focus of
CAP is to make solutions sustainable
Answer: D
14. Which statement guarantees no defects?
A. Z = 6 sigma
B. The part has been modified so that it physically cannot be put together
incorrectly
C. All sampled data points are within the upper and lower specification
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D. The data histogram is "centered"

Answer: B
15. What is a good use for hypothesis testing during the Analyze phase?
A. To determine the current process capability
B. To determine optimum process capability parameters
C. To confirm the validity of a suspected important factor
D. To provide a comparison of CTQs to root causes
Answer: C
16. Calculation of DPO requires knowledge of:
A. The total number of defects and the total number of units
B. Only the total number of defects
C. The total number of defects, the total number of units, the number of
opportunities per unit and the length of the time
period studied
D. The total number of defects, the total number of units and the number of
opportunities per unit
Answer: D
17. Which is NOT a key objective of "Mobilizing Commitment"?
A. Critical mass must be won over
B. Employees know exactly how their jobs will change
C. Key stakeholders support the change
D. Potential sources of resistance are identified
Answer: B
18. Which of the following is a continuous measure?
A. Total time required to close a deal
B. Count of the number of closed deals from new customers
C. Day of the week a deal is closed
D. Type of deal closed
Answer: A
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19. Which one of the following statements about internal and external customers is
true?
A. Process output that is not paid for only goes to internal customers
B. External customers should not be privy to project details when working on joint
projects
C. Requirements of internal customers will drive more improvement than
requirements of external customers
D. Internal customers are fellow associates who need the process output to carry
out their work
Answer: D
20. What is the most likely distribution that you would observe if your data came
from two different sources?
A. Normal
B. Asymmetrical
C. Bimodal
D. No such distribution
Answer: C
21. Which is a consideration in deciding to use the X-bar R chart instead of the
X-bar S chart?
A. A rational subgroup size less than 6
B. Undefined rational subgroups
C. Proportion, discrete data, and a constant sample size
D. Process is in control
Answer: A
22. When constructing a flowchart:
A. Always construct the "should-be" map first
B. Show tasks for only one person on the chart
C. Be sure to include significant steps in the process
D. Always show every process step to the most detailed level
Answer: C
23. Which statement describes a critical deliverable of the Analyze phase in the
DMAIC process?
A. Identification of the vital few Xs
B. A SIPOC map of the process
C. Process sigma calculation
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D. A CTQ prioritization matrix

Answer: A
24. After collecting data for your project and graphing it, you see that the data
is skewed to the left. Which of the
following are NOT logical next steps?
A. Stratify the data to evaluate if there are multiple factors causing the skew
B. Normalize the data by applying a transformation
C. Conduct GR&R on your measurement system to take the skewness out of the
performance data
D. Analyze the data as is by looking at the shape of the data distribution and
perform outlier analysis
Answer: C
25. How do Sun Shot sessions differ from DMAIC & DMADV?
A. Sun Shots take longer to analyze
B. Sun Shots do not differ from DMAIC & DMADV projects
C. Sun Shots have medium to high-risk solutions
D. Sun Shots can be achieved with rapid analysis and consensus-building
Answer: D
26. Which of the following is NOT a key outcome of "Making Change Last"?
A. Sustained change
B. Adequate time and attention is given to the institutionalization of the change
C. Adequate time, resource, and attention are applied throughout the life of the
change
D. A comprehensive pilot plan
Answer: D
27. How should a team start the Improve phase?
A. Ensure root causes have been validated
B. Collect new data on the key measures
C. Vote on the path forward
D. Develop an implementation plan
Answer: A
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28. Kano analysis helps to segment customer requests into which of the following
categories?
A. Behaviors, Actions, Responses
B. Wants, Needs, Behaviors
C. Complaints, Loyalty, Satisfaction
D. Dissatisfiers, Satisfiers, and Delighters
Answer: D
29. A process produces 159 units, with 3 opportunities for defects per unit, 97
initial total defects are produced, with 21
defects fixed before they reach the customer. Calculate first pass sigma. Use the
sigma table below to find the closest
approximation to sigma.
A. .6
B. 1.2
C. 2.3
D. None of the above
Answer: C
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30. In a DMADV project, what is the purpose of a scorecard?

A. To calculate total financial benefits from a Sun Sigma project
B. To quantify the failure modes and their effects
C. To compare outputs from multiple hypothesis tests
D. To provide an overall capability predicted from the sub-component capabilities
Answer: D
31. Which tool is most appropriate for use during a Sun Shot?
A. DOE
B. QFD
C. Process Mapping
D. Transactional Scorecard
Answer: C
32. Which tool is used to illustrate the relationship between a continuous X and
continuous Y?
A. Check sheet
B. Stratified histograms
C. Scatter plot
D. Pareto chart
Answer: C
33. To convert DPO to DPMO:
A. Multiply by 1,000
B. Divide by 1,000
C. Multiply by 1,000,000
D. Divide by 1,000,000
Answer: C
34. We are trying to deide whether two batches of parts with a critical width
requirement belong to the same population
regarding their variation. What is the appropriate F statistic to be used in an F-
test, if the first sample's standard deviation
equals 5 um and the second equals 2 um (S1=5um,S2=2um)?
A. 6.25
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B. 2.5
C. 0.4
D. 0.16
Answer: A
35. An F-test, performed on the two samples below, gives a p-value of 0.787. Which
test is best used to determine if
there is a statistically significant difference in the means of the samples?
N Mean StDev SE Mean
sample1 14 6.79 1.53 0.41
sample2 12 8.17 1.40 0.41

A. t-test with unequal variances

B. 1-way ANOVA
C. 2-way ANOVA
D. t-test with equal variances
Answer: D
36. The three main elements of a Process Management chart in the Control phase
are:
A. Process Map, Monitoring, and Response Plan
B. Field Sales, Immediate Control, and Monitoring
C. Process Map, Data Collection, and VOC
D. Customer Requirements, Data Collection Method, and Process Improvement
Answer: A
37. Which is NOT typically an output of "Creating a Shared Need"?
A. The beginnings of a strategy for communicating the need for change
B. A determination that the need for change exceeds the resistance
C. The identification of key stakeholders
D. The framing of the need as a threat or opportunity
Answer: C
38. What is the standard deviation of the following sample taken from a data
population: (1, 3, 5, 5, 6)?
A. 1
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B. 2
C. 4
D. 6
Answer: B
39. Which is a critical step in the Analyze phase of a DMADV project?
A. Develop alternate concept designs
B. Design final product
C. Determine CTQs
D. Validate product design
Answer: A
40. The 15-Word Flipchart CAP tool would be most effective during which DMAIC
steps:
A. Analyze
B. Measure
C. Control
D. Define
Answer: D
41. What method would be best used to create a detailed process map for a process
that has many decision points and
multiple non-standard sub-processes?
A. SIPOC
B. GANTT chart
C. Alternative path
D. Standard process map
Answer: C
42. What is a legitimate purpose of Poka-Yoke?
A. To design processes and tasks to ensure error-free execution
B. To quantify the cost-benefit analysis of a Sun Sigma project
C. To quantify alpha and beta error levels
D. To optimize the main effect of a transfer function
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Answer: A

43. Multiple regression was used to model the relationship between several
predictor variables and system downtime.
The coded equation obtained was:
Y = 16.4X1 + 2.55X2 - 4X3 + .2X4 - 5X2*X3 + 55
where Y is the system downtime (minutes/month) and X1, X2, X3, and X4 are the
predictor variables. For this model, all
predictor variables had a P value less than .05 and the variance inflation factors
(VIF) were less than 1. The coefficient of
determination (R-Sq) is .98.
Assume the cost and ease associated with influencing each variable by one unit is
the same. Decreasing which predictor
variable by one unit while holding the others constant will most significantly
reduce system downtime?
A. X1
B. X2
C. X3
D. X4
Answer: A
44. Which DOE design would best be used to initially screen out a large number of
potential factors?
A. Multiple regression
B. Central composite
C. 3-level factorial
D. 2-level factorial
Answer: D
45. When selecting a sample of data for a continuous variable from a large
population, the sample size required depends
on which of the following?
A. Sample mean
B. Size of the population
C. Target process sigma
D. Amount of variation expected in the data
Answer: D
46. How many opportunities for a defect does a single unit allow?
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A. Only one
B. One or more
C. Six
D. None
Answer: B
47. Conventionally, how many standard deviations away from the central line do the
control lines appear?
A. 6
B. 3
C. 1
D. 2
Answer: B
48. Why is SIPOC a key step in the DMAIC process?
A. It provides a very detailed process map to help in project definition
B. It shows the critical path for completing a project on time
C. It provides a customer analysis to help with change management
D. It is a foundation to gather more detail while identifying the high level
process overview
Answer: D
49. Which is NOT a valid inference from the residuals graphs above?
A. "Residuals Versus the Fitted Values" can be reduced by adding quadratic terms
to the model
B. "Residuals Versus X1" appears to be normally distributed
C. Residuals are standardized on the graphs above
D. Residuals are independent of "Fitted Values"
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Answer: D

50. The business case in a project charter is owned by:

A. The Champion
B. The process owner
C. The Black Belt
D. The team
Answer: A
51. The most efficient way to choose the improvement solution for a process from a
list of alternatives is to:
A. Let the process owner select the best solution
B. Have the sponsor pick the solution
C. Vote on a preferred solution rather than trying to achieve consensus
D. Define the selection criteria so the team can make an educated decision
Answer: D
52. Which of the following tools is best suited to scope a project?
A. Force field analysis
B. Backwards imaging
C. Critical Success Factors (CSFs)
D. In Frame/Out of Frame
Answer: D
53. Which of the following is used to calculate control limits when constructing a
control chart for subgroups?
A. Median
B. Time
C. Percentile ranges
D. Sample size
Answer: D
54. Which is true for the 1 sample t-test?
A. The data needs to be approximately normal
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B. The range must be used instead of standard deviation in the calculations

C. The Xs and Ys need to be discrete
D. A binomial data set is acceptable
Answer: A
55. In the Analyze phase, the Pugh matrices would be used for which of the
following?
A. To compare design concepts
B. To predict market compatibility
C. To attain customer feedback
D. To develop functionality
Answer: A
56. Which of the following factors are true of a Sun Shot?
A. Limited scope, heavy IT involvement
B. Limited scope, heavy data intensity
C. Limited scope, facilitation intensive
D. No data required, facilitation intensive
Answer: C
57. In regression analysis, what does R2 represent?
A. The normality of the data
B. The percent variation in Y explained by X
C. The variance of the current process
D. The actual Z shift
Answer: B
58. Sources of stakeholder resistance can best be categorized in the following
way:
A. Technical, political, and cultural
B. Budget, job titles, and industry competition
C. Cultural, attitudinal, and positional
D. Political, hierarchical, and functional
Answer: A
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59. When performing a Value Analysis of tasks as part of the Analyze phase of a
project, the concept of "value" must be:
A. Quantitatively defined
B. Determined using hypothesis testing
C. Calculated using a statistical analysis
D. Interpreted from the customer's perspective
Answer: D
60. Given the regression analysis above for the response Y, what is the transfer
function y=f(x1, x2...,xn)?
A. Y = -3762*X1 + 1469*X2 + 1282*X3 - 830*X2*X3
B. Y = 40423 - 1881*X1 + 734*X2 + 641*X3 - 415*X2*X3
C. Y = 198.85 - 9.06*Lag + 3.54*Offset + 3.08*TTQ - 2.0*Lag*TTQ
D. None of the above
Answer: B
61. What are the basic categories of Attitude Charting?
A. Creators, Implementers, Planners, and Resisters
B. Proactive, Neutral, and Reactive
C. Innovators, Early Adopters, Late Adopters, and Resisters
D. Resisters, Champions, and Neutral
Answer: C
62. Your team has just completed the charter and determined that there are a
number of potential quick fixes that can be
implemented. Which of the following is the appropriate next step?
A. Disregard and continue with the DMAIC/DMADV process
B. Use Sun Shot
C. Conduct several DMAIC projects for each of the fixes
D. Call on the Master Black Belt
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Answer: B

63. Process documentation ________________

A. should be a record of the current best known method for process operation
B. is necessary only for DFSS projects
C. should be written by the process owner and not by the improvement team
D. should be written after the project is completed and financial benefits have
been realized
Answer: A
64. Which of the following is NOT true with respect to Measurement Systems
Analysis (MSA)?
A. Reproducibility is the variation in the average of the measurements made by
different appraisers using different
measurement instruments when measuring identical characteristics of the same part
B. Bias or accuracy is the difference between the observed average of measurements
and the reference value
C. Repeatability is the variation in measurements obtained with one measurement
instrument used several times by one
appraiser while measuring identical characteristics on the same part
D. Percent R&R is the percent of process variation related to the measurement
system for repeatability and
reproducibility
Answer: A
65. Which item is a key part of the Analyze phase in a DMAIC project?
A. A pilot plan
B. Identification of possible root causes
C. A validated measurement system
D. Ideas for solutions
Answer: B
66. Which is true for simple linear regression?
A. The best-fit line is achieved by drawing a line through the data points
B. The sum of squared residuals is maximized to obtain the best-fit line
C. The method of least squares is used to determine the best-fit line
D. Horizontal deviation of each data point is used to calculate the residual
Answer: C
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67. When reviewing a control chart, which of the following would usually indicate
common cause variation?
A. An increasing trend over time
B. Acceptable levels of variation
C. A repeating pattern where one point is above average, the next point is below
average, the next point is above average,
and so on
D. An outlying data point or two in a string of normal data
Answer: B
68. A team is working its way through the DMAIC phases and makes an important
discovery in the Analyze phase that
requires a scope change. They should:
A. Create a new Green Belt project
B. Seek to obtain approval from the Champion for the scope change
C. Change the scope since the solution is obvious
D. Press on as it is too late to change the charter scope in the Analyze phase
Answer: B
69. Which one of the following statements is usually true?
A. First pass yield is greater than or equal to final yield
B. First pass and final yields are equal
C. Final yield is greater than or equal to first pass yield
D. First pass and final yields are never equal
Answer: C
70. What is the best use of Design of Experiments?
A. To charter the next team
B. To control the process
C. To verify and quantify root causes
D. To plot time ordered data
Answer: C
71. Which is the most frequently used test for discrete Xs and Ys?
A. Chi-square test
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B. ANOVA
C. t-test
D. F-test
Answer: A
72. What is the purpose of a QFD?
A. To determine what customer CTQs are
B. To define a solution or possible solutions for customer defined defects
C. To link what customers want to operating features and activities that deliver
value
D. To verify the root cause for a known effect
Answer: C
73. A DOE in a DMADV process does NOT:
A. Evaluate effects of various design elements
B. Design a sophisticated product tied to customer inputs
C. Predict performance of process or product under varying conditions
D. Assess interaction of variables in new process or product prototype
Answer: B
74. What is the median of this data set: (3, 4, 7, 18, 11, 7, 18, 7, 12, 8)?
A. 7
B. 7.5
C. 9
D. 9.5
Answer: B
75. What is the area under the normal curve between plus and minus 2 standard
deviations from the mean of a normal
distribution?
A. 50.62%
B. 68.26%
C. 95.46%
D. 99.73%
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Answer: C

76. What is a plot of data in time order called?

A. A histogram
B. A scatter plot
C. A run chart
D. A Pareto chart
Answer: C
77. Which main effects appear to be significant according to the plot above?
A. B & D
B. A & C
C. A & D
D. B & C
Answer: C
78. The Multi-Generational Plan (MGP) is a development sequence that:
A. Provides a formal risk analysis
B. Is used mainly in simple DMAIC projects
C. Focuses the project on meeting only short term objectives
D. May be driven by anticipated market evolution
Answer: D
79. What is the best use of the Three D's Matrix?
A. To document the results of the Threat vs. Opportunity Matrix
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B. To document data collected by the project team

C. To produce an analysis of the data collected by the project team
D. To produce a statement of the need for change using proof of the Threats and/or
Opportunities
Answer: D
80. Why do you use the Stakeholder Worksheet tool?
A. To identify, label, and understand sources of resistance
B. To identify stakeholders and their position on change initiative
C. To identify the issues/concerns of our key stakeholders and determine the best
way to influence them
D. To integrate CAP and DMAIC methodologies
Answer: B
81. A seven factor, 2- level DOE results in how many runs?
A. 32
B. 64
C. 128
D. 256
Answer: C
82. Which method uses a Risk Priority Number (RPN) to provide focus for the
highest priority issues?
A. Factorial experiments
B. FMEA
C. Poka-Yoke
D. Hypothesis testing
Answer: B
83. Which of the following is NOT an element of the Elevator Speech?
A. Benefits
B. Potential area of resistance
C. Problem/issues
D. A vision of the new state
Answer: B
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84. An X-bar control chart would NOT be used if:

A. The data type is variable, and the measurements are individual data points
B. The data type is variable, and rational subgroups are easy to identify
C. The data type is variable, and the subgroup size is greater than 1
D. The data type is variable, and the subgroup size is greater than 6
Answer: A
85. While in the Analyze phase, which of the following is NOT a criteria for
evaluating alternative concepts?
A. Pilot and Implementation plan
B. CTQs, time to design, and ease of implementation
C. Cost/benefits, time to market, risk, and long-term market potential
D. Impact on other product, time to design, complexity rating, and supporting
technology
Answer: A
86. Which of the following is true relative to data types?
A. Continuous data can be converted into discrete data
B. Continuous data typically requires more data points
C. Discrete data provides richer information for statistical analysis than
continuous data
D. Only continuous data can provide assistance in root cause development
Answer: A
87. What is the main goal of the Control phase?
A. To teach a process owner how to handle defects
B. To mandate measurements on all output measures of the process
C. To sustain the process improvements made by the improvement team
D. To train all process workers to identify defects before they reach the customer

Answer: C
88. Which distribution must have the mean equal to the median of the data?
A. Bimodal
B. Asymmetrical
C. Normal
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D. No such distribution
Answer: C
89. "Levers of Change" and "Essentials to Making Change Last" best describe:
A. Engaged team members
B. Systems and structures
C. A rich array of communication strategies
D. Committed stakeholders
Answer: B
90. An MR control chart would best be used if:
A. There are binomial assumptions satisfied, and the process is not slowly
changing
B. The data type is continuous, and the process is slowly changing
C. The data type is discrete, and binomial assumptions are satisfied
D. The data type is continuous, and the process is changing, but not slowly
Answer: D
91. Process A has a standard deviation of 10. Process B has a standard deviation
of 5. These processes need to be
performed in series where the output of process A flows into process B. What would
the approximate standard deviation
be for the combined A-B process?
A. 11
B. 15
C. 125
D. 225
Answer: A
92. Which tool can illustrate a negative correlation?
A. Subprocess map
B. Pareto chart
C. Scatter plot
D. Control chart
Answer: C
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93. How would you define the Y for the following situation?
"Problem Statement: Customers are experiencing delays in obtaining solutions to
their problems during their calls into
the call center."
A. Time to answer call
B. Time to resolve
C. Time to escalate
D. Length of call time
Answer: A
94. What is the most important aspect to ensure a quality solution is accepted?
A. Bottom-line impact
B. Senior management support
C. Monitoring progress
D. Mobilizing commitment
Answer: D
95. Refer to the paragraph below when answering the next two questions.
A computer component manufacturer produces and delivers multiple types of
peripheral devices to a large corporate
customer that uses "just in time" manufacturing. In interviewing the IT and
purchasing managers, a DMAIC team
learned that "on time" delivery (e.g., delivery of components as promised) is a
major customer requirement.
The Customer has notified us that they expect product delivery on the committed
dates and do not want them either early
or late. Which of the following is the best output measure (Y) for this project?
A. Cycletime between actual and originally scheduled delivery dates
B. Number of days delayed from the originally scheduled delivery dates
C. Number of early deliveries
D. Number of early and late deliveries
Answer: A
96. Paragraph repeated from previous question:
A computer component manufacturer produces and delivers multiple types of
peripheral devices to a large corporate
customer that uses "just in time" manufacturing. In interviewing the IT and
purchasing managers, a DMAIC team
learned that "on time" delivery (e.g., delivery of components as promised) is a
major customer requirement.
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In this project, a Pareto chart could be used to determine which of the following?

A. Time it takes to resolve a late shipment

B. Type of component not delivered on time
C. Cost per component not delivered on time
D. Non-value added steps in the delivery process
Answer: B
97. Refer to the paragraph below when answering the next two questions.
Customer specifications mandate that the dimension of a widget can be no greater
than 25.0 mm. Assume the mean of
this normally distributed population is 22.0 mm with a standard deviation of
1.5mm.
Which is the closest approximation to the short term sigma?
A. 4.5
B. 3.5
C. 3.0
D. 2.0
Answer: B
98. Paragraph repeated from previous question:
Customer specifications mandate that the dimension of a widget can be no greater
than 25.0 mm. Assume the mean of
this normally distributed population is 22.0 mm with a standard deviation of
1.5mm.
Which is the closest approximation to the long term sigma?
A. 4.5
B. 3.5
C. 3.0
D. 2.0
Answer: D
99. Refer to the box plots above when answering the next two questions. What is
the mean for sample 1?
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Pass4side 310-600

A. 40
B. 35
C. 20
D. Cannot tell from the graph
Answer: D
100. Box plots duplicated from previous question.
Which sample has a distribution that is skewed to the right?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. Cannot tell from the graph
Answer: B
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