ASME PCC-2–2022

(Revision of ASME PCC-2–2018)

Repair of
Pressure Equipment
and Piping

A N A M E R I C A N N AT I O N A L STA N DA R D
 ASME PCC-2–2022
(Revision of ASME PCC-2–2018)

Repair of
Pressure Equipment
and Piping

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Two Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA

x
 Date of Issuance: September 2, 2022

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Copyright © 2022 by
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 CONTENTS

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Correspondence With the PCC Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi

Part 1 Scope, Organization, and Intent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Article 101 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
101-1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
101-2 Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
101-3 Intent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Part 2 Welded Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Article 201 Butt-Welded Insert Plates in Pressure Components . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
201-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
201-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
201-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
201-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
201-5 Examination of Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
201-6 Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Article 202 External Weld Buildup to Repair Internal Thinning . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
202-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
202-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
202-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
202-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
202-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
202-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
202-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Article 203 Seal-Welded Threaded Connections and Seal Weld Repairs . . . . . . 17
203-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
203-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
203-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
203-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
203-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
203-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
203-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Article 204 Welded Leak Box Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
204-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
204-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
204-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
204-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

iii
204-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
204-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Article 205 Weld Ring Gaskets (Welded Lip Seals) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
205-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
205-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
205-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
205-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
205-5 NDE Examinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
205-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
205-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Article 206 Full Encirclement Steel Reinforcing Sleeves for Piping . . . . . . . . . 30
206-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
206-2 Cautions and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
206-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
206-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
206-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
206-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Article 207 Fillet Welded Patches With Reinforcing Plug Welds . . . . . . . . . . . 37
207-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
207-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
207-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
207-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
207-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
207-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
207-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Article 208 Alternatives to Traditional Welding Preheat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
208-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
208-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
208-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
208-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
208-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
208-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
208-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Article 209 Alternatives to Postweld Heat Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
209-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
209-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
209-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
209-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
209-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
209-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
209-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Article 210 In-Service Welding Onto Carbon Steel Pressure Components or
Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
210-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
210-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

iv
210-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
210-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
210-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
210-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
210-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Mandatory Appendix 210-I In-Service Welding Procedure/Welder Performance Qualification
Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Article 211 Weld Buildup, Weld Overlay, and Clad Restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
211-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
211-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
211-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
211-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
211-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
211-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
211-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Article 212 Fillet Welded Patches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
212-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
212-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
212-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
212-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
212-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
212-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
212-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Article 213 Threaded or Welded Plug Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
213-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
213-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
213-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
213-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
213-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
213-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
213-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Article 214 Field Heat Treating of Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
214-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
214-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
214-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
214-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
214-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
214-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
214-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Mandatory Appendix 214-I Developing a Heat Treatment Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Mandatory Appendix 214-II Typical Hot Box Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Article 215 Repair Welding Considerations for Cr–Mo Steel Pressure Vessels . 88
215-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
215-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
215-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

v
215-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
215-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
215-6 Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
215-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Article 216 Welded Hot Taps in Pressure Equipment or Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . 99
216-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
216-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
216-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
216-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
216-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
216-6 Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
216-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Nonmandatory Appendix 216-A Glossary of Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Article 217 Seal Welding of Leaking Water Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
217-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
217-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
217-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
217-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
217-5 Examination of the Seal Weld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
217-6 Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
217-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Part 3 Mechanical Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Article 301 Replacement of Pressure Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
301-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
301-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
301-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
301-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
301-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
301-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
301-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Article 302 Freeze Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
302-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
302-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
302-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
302-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
302-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
302-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Article 303 Damaged Threads in Tapped Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
303-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
303-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
303-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
303-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
303-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
303-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
303-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

vi
Mandatory Appendix 303-I Recommended Detail for Stud Threads Modification to Prevent
Damage to Threads in Tapped Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Mandatory Appendix 303-II An Illustrative Example Showing an Engineering Analysis Associated
With Enlarging a Tapped Hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
303-II-1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
303-II-2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Article 304 Flaw Excavation and Weld Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
304-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
304-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
304-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
304-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
304-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
304-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
304-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Mandatory Appendix 304-I Metal Removal Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
304-I-1 Flapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
304-I-2 Grinding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
304-I-3 Honing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
304-I-4 Lapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
304-I-5 Machining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
304-I-6 Thermal Gouging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
304-I-7 Boat Sample Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Article 305 Flange Repair and Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
305-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
305-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
305-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
305-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
305-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
305-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
305-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Article 306 Mechanical Clamp Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
306-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
306-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
306-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
306-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
306-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
306-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
306-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Article 307 Pipe Straightening or Alignment Bending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
307-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
307-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
307-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
307-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
307-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
307-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
307-7 Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

vii
Article 308 Damaged Anchors in Concrete (Postinstalled Mechanical Anchors) 150
308-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
308-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
308-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
308-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
308-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
308-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
308-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Mandatory Appendix 308-I Anchors Installation Using Chemical Means (Adhesive) . . . . . . . . . 158
308-I-1 Adhesive Anchors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Article 309 Valves With Pressure Seal-Type Bonnets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Article 310 Hot Bolting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Article 311 Hot and Half Bolting Removal Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
311-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
311-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
311-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
311-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
311-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
311-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
311-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Article 312 Inspection and Repair of Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers . . . . . . 165
312-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
312-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
312-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
312-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
312-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
312-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
312-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Mandatory Appendix 312-I Methods for Determining Minimum Number of Tubes to Inspect . 174
312-I-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Mandatory Appendix 312-II Examination of Pressure Containment Components . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
312-II-1 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
312-II-2 Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
312-II-3 Suitability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Article 313 Crimping of Metallic Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
313-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
313-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
313-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
313-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
313-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
313-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
313-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Part 4 Nonmetallic and Bonded Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Article 401 Nonmetallic Composite Repair Systems: High-Risk Applications . . 183
401-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

viii
401-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
401-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
401-4 Fabrication (Installation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
401-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
401-6 System Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
401-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Mandatory Appendix 401-I Design Data Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Mandatory Appendix 401-II Qualification Data for the Repair System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Mandatory Appendix 401-III Short-Term Pipe Spool Survival Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Mandatory Appendix 401-IV Measurement of γ for Leaking Defect Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Mandatory Appendix 401-V Measurement of Performance Test Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Mandatory Appendix 401-VI Measurement of Impact Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Mandatory Appendix 401-VII Installer Qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
401-VII-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
401-VII-2 Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
401-VII-3 Training Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
401-VII-4 Requalification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Mandatory Appendix 401-VIII Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
401-VIII-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
401-VIII-2 Surface Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
401-VIII-3 Laminate Lay-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
401-VIII-4 Cure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
401-VIII-5 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Nonmandatory Appendix 401-A Glossary of Terms and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
401-A-1 Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
401-A-2 Glossary of Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Nonmandatory Appendix 401-B Recommended Retesting for a Modified Qualified Repair System . 215
Article 402 Nonmetallic Composite Repair Systems: Low-Risk Applications . . . 216
402-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
402-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
402-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
402-4 Fabrication (Installation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
402-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
402-6 System Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
402-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Mandatory Appendix 402-I Repair Data Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Mandatory Appendix 402-II Qualification Data for Repair System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Mandatory Appendix 402-III Validation for Repair of Leaking Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Mandatory Appendix 402-IV Installer Qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
402-IV-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
402-IV-2 Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
402-IV-3 Training Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
402-IV-4 Qualification Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Mandatory Appendix 402-V Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
402-V-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

ix
402-V-2 Surface Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
402-V-3 Laminate Lay-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
402-V-4 Cure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
402-V-5 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Nonmandatory Appendix 402-A Glossary of Terms and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
402-A-1 Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
402-A-2 Glossary of Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Article 403 Nonmetallic Internal Lining for Pipe: Sprayed Form for Buried Pipe 233
403-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
403-2 Cautions and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
403-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
403-4 Fabrication (Installation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
403-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
403-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
403-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Mandatory Appendix 403-I Design Considerations for Buried Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
403-I-1 Wall Thickness of Cipp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
403-I-2 Design Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
403-I-3 Applied Loads Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Mandatory Appendix 403-II Inspection/Examination and Corrective Action Requirements for
CIPP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
403-II-1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
403-II-2 Polymer Mixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
403-II-3 Polymer Thickness Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
403-II-4 Polymer Hardness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
403-II-5 Polymer Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
403-II-6 Surface Defect Corrective Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
403-II-7 Corrective Action for Areas of Insufficient Curing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Mandatory Appendix 403-III Glossary of Terms and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
403-III-1 Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
403-III-2 Glossary of Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Article 404 Nonmetallic Internal Lining for Pipe: High-Risk Buried Pipe . . . . . 246
Article 405 Qualification of Nonmetallic Composite Repair Systems . . . . . . . . 247
405-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
405-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
405-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
405-4 Fabrication (Installation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
405-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
405-6 System Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
405-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Mandatory Appendix 405-I Qualification Data Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
405-I-1 Repair System Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
405-I-2 Test Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Mandatory Appendix 405-II Basic Qualification Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
405-II-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

x
405-II-2 Data for Repair Laminate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
405-II-3 Data for Repair/substrate Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Mandatory Appendix 405-III Short-Term Pipe Spool Survival Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
405-III-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
405-III-2 Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
405-III-3 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Mandatory Appendix 405-IV Measurement of γ for Leaking Defect Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
405-IV-4 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
Mandatory Appendix 405-V Measurement of Performance Test Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
405-V-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
405-V-2 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
405-V-3 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Mandatory Appendix 405-VI Measurement of Impact Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
405-VI-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
405-VI-2 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
405-VI-3 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Mandatory Appendix 405-VII Validation for Repair Technique of Leaking Component . . . . . . . . 264
405-VII-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
405-VII-2 Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
405-VII-3 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Nonmandatory Appendix 405-A Glossary of Terms and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
405-A-1 Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
405-A-2 Glossary of Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Nonmandatory Appendix 405-B Retesting Requirements for a Modified Qualified Repair System . . 267
405-B-1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
405-B-2 Modified Repair System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
405-B-3 Engineering Judgment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Part 5 Examination and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Article 501 Pressure and Tightness Testing of Piping and Equipment . . . . . . . 270
501-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
501-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
501-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
501-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
501-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
501-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
501-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Mandatory Appendix 501-I Pressure/Leak Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Mandatory Appendix 501-II Stored Energy Calculations for Pneumatic Pressure Test . . . . . . . . 281
501-II-1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Mandatory Appendix 501-III Safe Distance Calculations for Pneumatic Pressure Test . . . . . . . . 282
501-III-1 Blast Wave Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
501-III-2 Fragment Throw Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Mandatory Appendix 501-IV Risk Evaluation Considerations for Pneumatic Pressure Test . . . . 284
501-IV-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
501-IV-2 Pneumatic Test Risk Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284

xi
501-IV-3 Piping System Volume Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Article 502 Nondestructive Examination in Lieu of Pressure Testing for Repairs
and Alterations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
502-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
502-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
502-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
502-4 Fabrication (Repair or Alteration) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
502-5 Examination — Nondestructive Examination (NDE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
502-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
502-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
Mandatory Appendix 502-I Comparison of Selected NDE Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Article 503 Test Devices for Localized Pressure or Tightness Testing of Welded
Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
503-1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
503-2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
503-3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
503-4 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
503-5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
503-6 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
503-7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298

Figures
201-3.5-1 Flush Insert in Pipe or Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
201-3.8-1 Flush Insert Plate (With or Without Nozzle/Manway) With Its Butt Weld
Intersecting Existing Butt Weld in Shells or Heads . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
201-3.8-2 Intersecting “Doghouse” Type Insert Plate Butt Weld (With or Without
Nozzle/Manway) With Shell Butt Weld in Vessel Shells and Heads . 7
202-3-1 Weld Buildup Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
204-1-1 Example of a Welded Leak Box Repair of a Tee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
205-1-1 Membrane Weld Ring Gaskets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
205-1-2 Weld Ring Gaskets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
205-1-3 Hollow-Lip Weld Ring Gaskets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
205-4.3-1 Centering Pin Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
205-4.3-2 Clamped Lip Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
205-4.3-3 Assembled Lip Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
206-1.1.1-1 Type A Sleeve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
206-1.1.2-1 Type B Sleeve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
206-2.7-1 Welded Split Sleeve for Use Over a Girth Weld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
206-3.5-1 Type B Sleeve Fillet Weld Size for Sleeve Thickness Less Than or Equal to
1.4 Times the Carrier Pipe Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
206-3.5-2 Type B Sleeve Fillet Weld Size for Sleeve Thickness Greater Than 1.4 Times
the Carrier Pipe Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
207-1-1 Typical Shell Repair Near Discontinuity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
208-3.1-1 Typical Residual Stresses in a Weld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
208-3.1-2 Effect of Weld Area on Transverse Shrinkage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
208-4.2-1 Typical Back Stepping Weld Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

xii
208-4.2-2 Difference Between Oscillated Stringer Beads (Left) and Wide Weave
Beads (Right) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
208-4.4-1 Effect of Weld Bead Cross Section on Cracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
210-4.2.1.2-1 Heat-Affected Zone Hardness Indent Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
210-4.2.1.4-1 Mandrel Location Relative to the Weld Toe When Doing Face Bend Test for
a Typical In-Service Fillet Weld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
210-4.2.1.4-2 Examples of In-Service Welding Procedure Qualification Face Bend Test
Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
210-4.2.2-1 Test Sample Locations for In-Service Fillet Welding Procedure
Qualification Assuming Equal Spacing Around the Circumference to
Obtain All the Required Test Specimens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
210-4.2.2-2 Test Sample Locations for In-Service Attachment Welding Procedure
Qualification Assuming Equal Spacing Around the Circumference to
Obtain All the Required Test Specimens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
210-4.2.2-3 Test Sample Locations for In-Service Weld Metal Buildup Welding
Procedure Qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
210-I-1 Procedure and Welder Qualification Test Assembly for an In-Service Fillet
Weld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
210-I-2 Procedure and Welder Qualification Test Assembly for an In-Service
Attachment Weld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
211-4.4.1-1 Weld Seam With Back Cladding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
212-1-1 Typical Shell Repair Near Discontinuity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
213-3.1-1 Typical Plug Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
214-II-1 Typical Hot Box Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
215-3.1-1 Standard Steps in Repair Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
215-3.3-1 Examples of Damage Common to Cr–Mo Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . 95
215-3.4-1 Flowchart for the Selection of Repair Welding Methods . . . . . . . . . . . 96
216-1.2-1 Typical Hot Tapping Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
302-3.6.3-1 Nitrogen Freeze Plug Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
303-3.3.3-1 Example of Tapered Stud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
303-I-1 Inch Thread Series (U.S. Customary Units) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
303-I-2 Inch Thread Series (SI Units) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
303-I-3 Metric Thread Series (SI Units) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
304-3.1-1 Excavation and Weld Repair of Surface Flaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
304-3.1-2 Excavation and Weld Repair of Embedded Flaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
304-3.1-3 Grinding of Weld Flaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
304-I-7-1 Boat Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
305-4.5.2-1 Flange Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
306-1-1 Example of a Mechanical Clamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
306-1-2 Square Mechanical Clamp Over Drain Branch, With Sealant Injection
Nozzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
308-1.3-1 Anchors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
308-1.5-1 Anchor and Concrete Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
308-1.7-1 Column Base Anchors in Concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
308-4.1-1 Weld Repair of Existing Rod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
308-4.3.1-1 Wedge Anchor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
308-4.3.2-1 Sleeve Anchor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

xiii
308-4.5.1.1-1 Relocation of One or Two Anchors Within an Arc (r = 1/2d) . . . . . . . . 155
308-4.5.1.1-2 Relocation of One or Two Anchors Within an Arc (r = d) . . . . . . . . . . 156
308-4.6.1-1 Relocation of One or Two Anchors Within a Design Plate Assembly . . 156
308-4.6.2-1 Relocation of More Than Two Anchors Within a Design Plate Assembly 156
308-4.6.3-1 Using an Enlarged Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
312-4.2-1 Typical Friction Fit Tapered Tube Plug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
312-4.2-2 Typical Mechanical Fit Tube Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
312-4.2-3 Typical Installation of Mechanical Fit Tube Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
312-4.2-4 Sample Chart: Number of Tube Failures by Month . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
313-4.1-1 Crimp Block on Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
313-4.1-2 Crimp With Injection Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
313-4.1-3 Crimp Clamp in Position (Right) and Sealant Injection Box (Left) . . . . 181
401-5.1-1 Schematic of a Repair System and Location of Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
403-1.1-1 Structural Liner in Raw Water System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
405-II-2-1 Test Specimen Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
405-III-2-1 Defect Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
501-3.3-1 Test Type Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
501-IV-3-1 A Schematic Diagram of a Pipeline Burst, Showing the Flow of Gas Within
the Pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
503-1.1.2-1 Hydrotest Device Types for Piping or Nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
503-1.1.3-1 Hydrotest Device Types for Nozzles or Branch Connections . . . . . . . . 294
503-4-1 Hydrotest Device Seal Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
503-4.1-1 Type I Hydrotest Device With Lanyard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
503-4.1-2 Type I Hydrotest Device Without Lanyard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
503-4.1-3 Type I Typical Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
503-4.2-1 Location of Split Ring Flange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
503-4.4-1 Type IV Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299

Tables
208-3.3-1 Comparison of Specification and Actual Weld Metal Properties . . . . . . 45
209-4.1-1 Summary of Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements and Potential
Alternatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
210-4.2.1-1 Type and Number of Test Specimens Required for an In-Service Welding
Procedure Qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
215-1.2-1 Cr–Mo Steels Applicable to This Article . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
215-3.2-1 Typical In-Service Degradation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
215-3.2-2 Typical Considerations for Weld Repair of In-Service Degradation . . . . 94
215-3.5-1 Repair Methods Applicable to Cr–Mo Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
215-4.1-1 Repair Approach Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
215-4.4-1 Typical Preheat and Interpass Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
215-4.5-1 De-Embrittlement Heat Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
308-4.3-1 Minimum Edge Distance for Punched, Reamed, or Drilled Holes . . . . . 154
308-4.3-2 Expansion Anchor — Illustrative Example of Typical Minimum Limits for
Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
312-I-1.3-1 Inspection Effectiveness Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
401-3.2-1 Repair System Required Material and Performance Properties . . . . . . 186

xiv
401-3.4.2-1 Service Temperature Limits for Repair Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
401-3.4.4-1 Allowable (Long-Term) Strains for Repair Laminates (No Allowance for
Temperature Effects) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
401-3.4.5-1 Service Factors for Repair Laminates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
401-4.6-1 Hold Points During Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
401-5.2-1 Defect Type and Allowable Limits for the Composite Wrap . . . . . . . . . 197
402-3.2-1 Repair System Required Material and Performance Properties . . . . . . 218
402-4.4-1 Hold Points During Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
402-5.2-1 Defect Type and Allowable Limits for the Composite Repair . . . . . . . . 221
405-3.3-1 Repair System Required Material and Performance Properties . . . . . . 249
405-IV-3-1 Student’s tv Value for Double-Sided 0.025 Level of Significance . . . . . . 260
405-B-1-1 Recommended Testing for Requalification of a Modified Qualified Repair
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
501-III-1-1 Alternative Values for Rscaled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
501-III-2-1 Minimum Distances for Fragment Throw Considerations . . . . . . . . . . 283
502-I-1 Comparison of Selected NDE Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
503-3-1 Device Type Selection Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295

Forms
Component Repair Data Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Repair Data Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Test Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Test Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

xv
 FOREWORD

ASME formed an Ad Hoc Task Group on Post-Construction in 1993 in response to an increased need for recognized and
generally accepted engineering standards for the inspection and maintenance of pressure equipment after it has been
placed in service. At the recommendation of this Task Group, the Board on Pressure Technology Codes and Standards
(BPTCS) formed the Post-Construction Committee (PCC) in 1995. The scope of this committee was to develop and
maintain standards addressing common issues and technologies related to post-construction activities and to work
with other consensus committees in the development of separate, product-specific codes and standards addressing
issues encountered after initial construction for equipment and piping covered by Pressure Technology Codes and
Standards. The BPTCS covers non-nuclear boilers, pressure vessels (including heat exchangers), piping and piping
components, pipelines, and storage tanks.
The requirements and recommendations established by the Committee are not to be interpreted as approving, rec-
ommending, or endorsing any proprietary or specific design or repair method, or as limiting in any way the freedom to
choose any method of design or any form of repair that conforms to these requirements and recommendations.
The Committee meets regularly to consider revisions, to develop new requirements and recommendations as dictated
by technological development, Cases of the PCC Standards, and requests for interpretations. Only the Committee has the
authority to provide official interpretations of these Standards. Requests for revisions, new rules, Cases of the PCC
Standards, or interpretations shall be addressed to the Secretary in writing and shall give full particulars in order
to receive consideration and action (see Correspondence With the PCC Committee). Proposed revisions to the Standard
resulting from inquiries will be presented to the Committee for appropriate action. The action of the Committee becomes
effective only after confirmation by ballot of the Committee and approval by ASME. Proposed revisions to the Standards
approved by the Committee are submitted to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and published at
http://go.asme.org/BPVCPublicReview to invite comments from all interested persons. After public review and
final approval by ASME, revisions are published in the next scheduled edition of the Standard.
The PCC selects standards to be developed based on identified needs and the availability of volunteers. The PCC formed
the Subcommittee on Inspection Planning and the Subcommittee on Flaw Evaluations in 1995. In 1998, a Task Group
under the PCC began preparing Guidelines for Pressure Boundary Bolted Flange Joint Assembly. In 1999, the PCC formed
the Subcommittee on Repair and Testing. In 2002, the Subcommittee on Flaw Evaluation was dissolved and replaced by
the Joint ASME/API Committee on Fitness for Service. Other topics are under consideration and may be developed into
future guideline documents.
The subcommittees were charged with preparing standards dealing with several aspects of the in-service inspection
and maintenance of pressure equipment and piping. The Inspection Planning Standard provides guidance on the prepara-
tion of a risk-based inspection plan. Defects that are identified may then be evaluated, when appropriate, using the
procedures provided in the Fitness for Service. Finally, if it is determined that repairs are to be made, guidance on repair
procedures is provided in the Repair of Pressure Equipment and Piping Standard.
None of these documents are codes. They provide recognized and generally accepted good practices that may be used in
conjunction with Post-Construction Codes, such as API 510, API 570, and NB-23, and with jurisdictional requirements.
This Standard uses the words shall, should, and may as follows:
(a) Shall is used to denote a requirement.
(b) Should is used to denote a recommendation.
(c) May is used to denote permission, neither a requirement nor a recommendation.
The first edition of ASME PCC-1, Guidelines for Pressure Boundary Bolted Flange Joint Assembly, was approved for
publication in 2000. ASME PCC-1–2000 was approved by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) as an Amer-
ican National Standard on November 15, 2000.
The first edition of ASME PCC-3, Inspection Planning Using Risk-Based Methods, was approved for publication in 2007. It
was approved by ANSI as an American National Standard on October 4, 2007.
The first edition of ASME PCC-2, Repair of Pressure Equipment and Piping, was approved for publication in 2004.
Subsequent editions were published in 2008, 2011, 2015, and 2018.
Starting with the 2018 edition, new editions are expected to be published on a 4-year cycle. ASME PCC-2–2022 was
approved by ANSI as an American National Standard on April 4, 2022.

xvi
 ASME PRESSURE TECHNOLOGY
POST-CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE
(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)

STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS

C. D. Rodery, Chair
B. D. Ray, Vice Chair
S. J. Rossi, Secretary

STANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNEL

M. A. Boring, DNV GL S. J. Rossi, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
W. Brown, Integrity Engineering Solutions I. Roux, Roux Engineering
S. Hamilton, Hex Technology C. W. Rowley, The Wesley Corp.
B. F. Hantz, Valero Energy Corp. J. Taagepera, Chevron Technical Center
D. M. King, Furmanite America, Inc. G. M. Tanner, M&M Engineering Associates
D. E. Lay, D&S Lay, Inc. K. Oyamada, Delegate, High Pressure Gas Safety Institute of Japan
D. T. Peters, Structural Integrity Associates T. Tahara, Delegate, T&T Technology
B. D. Ray, Marathon Petroleum Corp. C. D. Cowfer, Contributing Member, Consultant
J. T. Reynolds, Intertek/Moody N. Y. Faransso, Contributing Member, Faransso NDT Services
S. C. Roberts, Shell Global Solutions US, Inc. K. Mokhtarian, Contributing Member, K. Mokhtarian Consulting, LLC
C. D. Rodery, C&S Technology, LLC J. R. Sims, Contributing Member, Becht Engineering Co., Inc.

REPAIR AND TESTING SUBCOMMITTEE

J. Taagepera, Chair, Chevron Technical Center C. W. Rowley, The Wesley Corp.
S. C. Roberts, Vice Chair, Shell Global Solutions US, Inc. A. Thistlethwaite, Team Industrial Services, Inc.
S. J. Rossi, Secretary, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers E. Upitis, Upitis and Associates, Inc.
L. P. Antalffy, Fluor K. Wachholder, Sargent and Lundy
M. A. Boring, DNV GL N. Y. Faransso, Contributing Member, Faransso NDT Services
S. J. Findlan, Stone and Webster, Inc. B. F. Hantz, Contributing Member, Valero Energy Corp.
D. Peguero, NRI D. M. King, Contributing Member, Furmanite America, Inc.
B. D. Ray, Marathon Petroleum Corp. K. Mokhtarian, Contributing Member, K. Mokhtarian Consulting, LLC
J. T. Reynolds, Intertek/Moody W. Newell, Jr., Contributing Member, Euroweld, Ltd.
C. D. Rodery, C&S Technology, LLC T. Tahara, Contributing Member, T&T Technology

SUBGROUP ON EXAMINATION AND TESTING

C. Dinic, Technical Standards and Safety Authority S. C. Roberts, Shell Global Solutions US, Inc.
M. Edel, BakerRisk N. Y. Faransso, Contributing Member, Faransso NDT Services
F. Fiallos, The Dow Chemical Co. K. Mokhtarian, Contributing Member, K. Mokhtarian Consulting, LLC
J. T. Reynolds, Intertek/Moody

xvii
 SUBGROUP ON MECHANICAL REPAIR
A. Thistlethwaite, Chair, Team Industrial Services, Inc. D. Krokosz, Stats Group International, Inc.
B. R. Levesque, Vice Chair, ExxonMobil Research and Engineering C. D. Rodery, C&S Technology, LLC
H. J. Dammeyer, Consultant K. Schupp, Methanex Corp.
M. Faulkner, ExxonMobil Chemical Co. D. M. King, Contributing Member, Furmanite America, Inc.

SUBGROUP ON NONMETALLIC REPAIR

K. Wachholder, Chair, Sargent and Lundy O. Scholer, HJ3 Composite Technologies
D. Peguero, Vice Chair, NRI C. Sheets, Stress Engineering Services, Inc.
M. C. Williamson, Secretary, Team Industrial G. Urukalo, ICR Integrity, Ltd.
C. Alexander, ADV Integrity, Inc. C. Whalen, Milliken Infrastructure Solutions, LLC
K. A. Farrag, Gas Technology Institute J. M. Wilson, T. D. Williamson, Inc.
S. R. Frost, Walker Technical Resources, Ltd. F. Worth, Air Logistics Corp.
P. S. Hill, Furmanite D. Zamani, Consultant
M. Kieba, U.S. Department of Transportation M. Green, Alternate, Clockspring/NRI
O. Oharriz, Belzona R. E. Rhea, Alternate, Air Logistics Corp.
H. Rojas, Chevron Energy Technology Co. U. Weinheimer, Alternate, TEAM, Inc.
C. W. Rowley, The Wesley Corp. Z. Zhou, Alternate, U.S. Department of Transportation

SUBGROUP ON WELDED REPAIR

M. A. Boring, Chair, DNV GL M. Kowalczyk, Consultant
B. R. Levesque, Vice Chair, ExxonMobil Research and Engineering J. Penso, Shell Projects and Technology
L. P. Antalffy, Fluor B. D. Ray, Marathon Petroleum Corp.
B. Calvin, Nooter Construction Co. I. Roux, Roux Engineering
P. N. Chaku, Lummus Technology, Inc. A. Seijas, Phillips 66 Co.
S. J. Findlan, Stone and Webster, Inc. J. Taagepera, Chevron Technical Center
D. Fitch, Ambitech Engineer Corp. J. Tatman, EPRI
B. F. Hantz, Valero Energy Corp. E. Upitis, Upitis and Associates, Inc.

xviii
 CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE PCC COMMITTEE

General. ASME Standards are developed and maintained with the intent to represent the consensus of concerned
interests. As such, users of this Standard may interact with the Committee by requesting interpretations, proposing
revisions or a case, and attending Committee meetings. Correspondence should be addressed to:

Secretary, PCC Standards Committee

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Two Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016-5990
http://go.asme.org/Inquiry

Proposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Standard to incorporate changes that appear necessary
or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the application of the Standard. Approved revisions will be
published periodically.
The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Standard. Such proposals should be as specific as possible,
citing the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording, and a detailed description of the reasons for the proposal,
including any pertinent documentation.

Proposing a Case. Cases may be issued to provide alternative rules when justified, to permit early implementation of
an approved revision when the need is urgent, or to provide rules not covered by existing provisions. Cases are effective
immediately upon ASME approval and shall be posted on the ASME Committee web page.
Requests for Cases shall provide a Statement of Need and Background Information. The request should identify the
Standard and the paragraph, figure, or table number(s), and be written as a Question and Reply in the same format as
existing Cases. Requests for Cases should also indicate the applicable edition(s) of the Standard to which the proposed
Case applies.

Interpretations. Upon request, the PCC Standards Committee will render an interpretation of any requirement of the
Standard. Interpretations can only be rendered in response to a written request sent to the Secretary of the PCC Standards
Committee.
Requests for interpretation should preferably be submitted through the online Interpretation Submittal Form. The
form is accessible at http://go.asme.org/InterpretationRequest. Upon submittal of the form, the Inquirer will receive an
automatic e-mail confirming receipt.
If the Inquirer is unable to use the online form, he/she may mail the request to the Secretary of the PCC Standards
Committee at the above address. The request for an interpretation should be clear and unambiguous. It is further rec-
ommended that the Inquirer submit his/her request in the following format:

Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) and the topic of the inquiry in one or two words.
Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the Standard for which the interpretation is being requested.
Question: Phrase the question as a request for an interpretation of a specific requirement suitable for
general understanding and use, not as a request for an approval of a proprietary design or
situation. Please provide a condensed and precise question, composed in such a way that a
“yes” or “no” reply is acceptable.
Proposed Reply(ies): Provide a proposed reply(ies) in the form of “Yes” or “No,” with explanation as needed. If
entering replies to more than one question, please number the questions and replies.
Background Information: Provide the Committee with any background information that will assist the Committee in
understanding the inquiry. The Inquirer may also include any plans or drawings that are
necessary to explain the question; however, they should not contain proprietary names or
information.

xix
 Requests that are not in the format described above may be rewritten in the appropriate format by the Committee prior
to being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.
Moreover, ASME does not act as a consultant for specific engineering problems or for the general application or
understanding of the Standard requirements. If, based on the inquiry information submitted, it is the opinion of
the Committee that the Inquirer should seek assistance, the inquiry will be returned with the recommendation
that such assistance be obtained.
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additional information that might affect
an interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME
Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not “approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary
device, or activity.

Attending Committee Meetings. The PCC Standards Committee regularly holds meetings and/or telephone confer-
ences that are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting and/or telephone conference should contact the
Secretary of the PCC Standards Committee.

xx
 ASME PCC-2–2022
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Following approval by the ASME PCC Committee and ASME, and after public review, ASME PCC-2–2022 was approved by
the American National Standards Institute on April 4, 2022.

References to ASME PCC-1 have been updated throughout ASME PCC-2–2022. ASME PCC-2–2022 also includes the
following changes identified by a margin note, (22).

Page Location Change

1 101-3.2 Revised in its entirety
16 202-7 API address updated
30 206-2.6 Revised
30 206-2.7 Revised
31 206-2.8 Revised
31 206-2.10 Last two sentences added
33 206-3.7 First sentence revised
33 206-3.8 Revised in its entirety
35 206-5.3 Revised
35 206-5.5 Revised
35 206-6 First paragraph revised
36 206-7 (1) API address updated
(2) Last ASME reference added
37 207-3.1 (1) Subparagraph (c) revised
(2) Subparagraph (h) added
41 207-4 Subparagraph (f)(3) added, and subsequent subparagraphs
redesignated
42 207-7 API address updated
47 208-7 (1) ANSI/NB-23–2007 publisher corrected
(2) API address updated
51 209-7 (1) ANSI/NB-23–2007 designation and publisher corrected
(2) API address updated
(3) WRC publisher added
58 210-7 (1) AGA and API addresses updated
(2) AWS and NBBI publishers added
64 211-1.5 Revised in its entirety
68 211-7 (1) ANSI/NB-23–2007 publisher corrected
(2) API address updated
74 212-7 API address updated
77 213-7 PFI address updated
82 214-4.3 Revised in its entirety
84 214-7 API address and WRC website updated
88 215-1.1 Last sentence and Table 215-1.1-1 deleted

xxi
Page Location Change
90 215-7 API and WRC addresses updated
104 216-3.12 Equation in subpara. (b)(5) corrected by errata
108 216-7.1 (1) Titles of ASME BPVC Sections and publisher of ANSI/NB-23
corrected
(2) API address updated
108 216-7.2 Last four ASME references and ANSI Z49.1 publisher corrected
111 Article 217 Added
136 304-7 API address updated
142 305-7.1 API address updated
146 306-7 API address updated
157 308-7 AISC address updated
172 312-7 (1) API address updated
(2) HEI address corrected
175 Table 312-I-1.3-1 Fourth and fifth column heads revised
182 313-7 API address updated
183 Article 401 Revised in its entirety
204 Mandatory Appendix 401-II Deleted
205 Mandatory Appendix 401-III Deleted
206 Mandatory Appendix 401-IV Deleted
207 Mandatory Appendix 401-V Deleted
208 Mandatory Appendix 401-VI Deleted
215 Nonmandatory Appendix 401-B Deleted
216 Article 402 Revised in its entirety
226 Mandatory Appendix 402-II Deleted
227 Mandatory Appendix 402-III Deleted
238 403-7.1 (1) API address updated
(2) ISO address corrected
239 403-7.2 SSPC-SP 8 reference designation corrected
245 403-III-1 Definition of curing replaced with definition of cure or curing
246 Article 404 Added
247 Article 405 Added
270 501-3.1 Revised in its entirety
275 501-6.2 Subparagraph (m) revised
278 501-7 (1) API RP 579-1 reference designation, ISO address, ASNT
Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A designation and title,
and ASNT address corrected
(2) API address and WRC website updated
282 501-III-1 First paragraph and subparas. (a) and (b) revised
288 502-7 (1) NBBI and ASNT addresses corrected
(2) API address updated
292 503-1.1.1 (1) First paragraph revised
(2) Subparagraph (b) added, and subsequent subparagraphs
redesignated
292 503-1.1.2 Title and first paragraph revised
293 Figure 503-1.1.2-1 Title revised

xxii
Page Location Change
292 503-1.1.3 Added
292 503-1.2 Definition of local hydrostatic test revised
292 503-2.2 Subparagraph (d) revised
293 503-3 Subparagraph (a) designator and subpara. (b) added
294 Figure 503-1.1.3-1 Added
295 503-3.3 Subparagraph (b) revised
295 503-3.4 Subparagraph (c) revised
295 503-4 Subparagraphs (a) through (c) revised
296 503-4.1 Subparagraphs (a), (c), and (d) revised
296 503-4.2 (1) Subparagraphs (a) through (c) revised
(2) Former subparas. (d) and (e) transposed
296 503-4.5 Added
297 503-5.2 Subparagraphs (a) and (b) revised
297 503-5.3 Revised
298 503-7 WRC address updated

xxiii
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

xxiv
 ASME PCC-2–2022

PART 1
SCOPE, ORGANIZATION, AND INTENT

Article 101
Introduction

101-1 SCOPE (e) Part 5 covers examination and testing methods and
techniques.
This Standard provides methods for repair of equip-
ment, piping, pipelines, and associated ancillary equip-
ment within the scope of ASME Pressure Technology
101-3 INTENT
Codes and Standards1 after they have been placed in
101-3.1 General
service. These repair methods include relevant design,
fabrication, examination, and testing practices and may This Standard provides technical information, proce-
be temporary or permanent, depending on the circum- dures, and recommendations for repair methods that
stances. were determined by consensus to be recognized and
The methods provided in this Standard address the generally accepted good engineering practice. Where
repair of components when repair is deemed necessary equipment repair is subject to jurisdictional regulation,
based on appropriate inspection and flaw assessment. jurisdictional approvals may be required.
These inspection and flaw evaluation methods are not
covered in this Standard, but are covered in other 101-3.2 Acronyms and Definitions ð22Þ
post-construction codes and standards. The words shall, should, and may are defined in the Fore-
This Standard does not purport to address all of the word of this Standard. When used in the repair articles of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the this Standard, they have the following intent:
responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish
appropriate safety and health practices, and determine shall: indicates an action that is an essential element of the
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. repair method that cannot be eliminated.
Only technical procedures and information are should: indicates an action that when performed, is gener-
provided; administrative or policy requirements are ally considered to be good practice; however, there are
outside of the scope of this Standard. some circumstances when the action is not appropriate
or required, so the word should is used to provide flex-
101-2 ORGANIZATION ibility for the article to cover a broad range of circum-
stances. It is not mandatory unless so specified by
This Standard is divided into five Parts. others in the application of these articles.
(a) Part 1 covers the scope, organization, and intent
and is applicable to all articles in this Standard. may: indicates an action that is permitted, but not
(b) Part 2 covers repair methods and techniques that required.
include the use of welding, brazing, soldering, or other 101-3.2.1 Acronyms
methods involving metal deposit.
(c) Part 3 covers mechanical repairs, with or without API American Petroleum Institute
sealant, such as bolted clamps or fixtures and includes all ASM (ASM American Society of Metals
repair methods not covered in Part 2 or Part 4. Interna-
(d) Part 4 covers repairs using nonmetallic means, such tional)
as nonmetallic liners and wraps, and bonding (e.g., joining ASME The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
by epoxy), including bonding of metallic components. ASNT American Society for Nondestructive Testing
AWS American Welding Society
1
Equipment and piping within the scope of ASME Pressure Technology
AWWA American Water Works Association
Codes and Standards includes piping (including pipelines) and piping
components (such as valves), boilers, pressure vessels (including BPVC Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
heat exchangers), and storage tanks.