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Arts 9 - Q4 4b
Arts 9 - Q4 4b
ARTS
Quarter 4 – Module 4b:
Western Classical Plays/Opera and
Famous Filipino Playwrights and
Directors
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NegOr_Q4_MAPEH9_Module4b_v2
MAPEH – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 4b: Western Classical Plays/Opera and Famous Filipino
Playwrights and Directors
Second Edition, 2022
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NegOr_Q4_MAPEH9_Module4b_v2
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as
you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each
SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need
to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your
learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be
honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in
this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
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What I Need to Know
Theater Arts of the Western countries are produced and performed in different
periods that have had great influence from the Ancient Greek and Roman theater art.
Some of the famous playwrights and composers of the Western Theater Arts/
Opera were Sophocles, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, Farinelli, Claudio
Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi, Pierre Beaumarchais, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe,
Victor Hugo, Georges Bizet, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Franz Schubert, Giuseppe
Verdi, and Giacomo Puccini.
Modern theatrical plays and musicals are still influenced by their predecessors.
The development and evolution of Western classical plays/operas are specifically
discussed in this module
For better and effective understanding, different activities will be performed in this
module. Viewing and listening of sample plays or operas are encouraged to promote
appreciation of the culture and traditions of the western countries (Badiola et al 2014).
What I Know
PRE-ASSESSMENT
DIRECTION: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is
incorrect. Do this in your Arts notebook.
________1. Sophocles is an ancient Greek tragedian who wrote 123 plays but only 7
have survived in a complete form.
________2. William Shakespeare has been known as the “Bard of Avon” and wrote
the most famous tragedy and one of the world’s most enduring love
story “Romeo and Juliet”.
________3. The opera “Carmen” is one of the world’s most popular opera and was
written by William Shakespeare
________4. Balagtas is so greatly revered in the Philippines that the term for Filipino
debate in extemporaneous verse is named after him: Balagtasan and
one of the greatest literary awards in the Philippines is also named
after him.
________5. Severino R. Reyes is a French writer, dramatist, and playwright, he was
highly acclaimed as one of the giants of Tagalog literature.
________6. Lights and Music are elements that give special effects to a play.
Dynamics and intensity of these elements express mood, time, or
weather of a certain scene.
________7. Playwrights are the ones who act on stage with their respective roles.
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________8. Production Team are responsible for stage decorations, props,
costumes, and other art designs.
________9. Oedipus Rex is written by Severino R. Reyes
________10. Carmen, Don Jose, El Dancairo and El Remendado are some
characters in the opera “Romeo and Juliet.”
What’s In
DIRECTION: Using the format of the table below, arrange the different duties and
responsibilities based on the classification of staff organization. Do this
in your Art notebook.
What’s New
Before you proceed in learning more about the Western Classical Plays/Opera
and Famous Filipino Playwrights and Directors, read and answer the questions below
in at least 2 sentences based on your point of view. Write your answers directly in your
activity notebook.
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Questions:
2. Among the staff organizations, which team do you think your abilities/talents best
suit?
What is It
A. Greek:
This time let us read an example of plays, Oedipus Rex, and Antigone.
Understand the stories because after you have read these, you will answer the
activities given in this module and choose one of them to perform in the culminating
activity. You are given enough time to read the story.
Sophocles-Playwright
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Oedipus Rex (Ee-dih – pus Rex)
(Sophocles-Playwright)
Main Characters:
• Oedipus - the king of Thebes
• Creon - Oedipus brother-in-law
• Eurydice - Creon’s wife
• Apollo - god or oracle of Delphi
• King Laius - father of Oedipus
• Jocasta - mother of Oedipus
• Polynices and Eteocles – sons of Oedipus
• Tiresias - the blind prophet
• Polybus - Oedipus foster father
• Merope - Oedipus foster mother
• Antigone and Ismene – the daughters of Oedipus
• Haemon - Antigone’s lover
• Sphinx- the half-human half-lion that symbolizes plague and misfortune
Theatrical Elements:
• Genre: Tragedy
• Number of Characters per Play: 1 to 3 characters only, but they can portray
other characters.
• The Chorus: consists of twelve (12) members, all of whom wore identical
masks since they were supposed to be of like mind and opinion.
• Masks: The use of masks acts to advance the universality of the themes and
the dramatic impact of the events and to keep the audience from being
distracted by the actual, physical attributes of the actors.
• Oedipus: a gold mask with exaggerated deep empty eye sockets
• Jocasta: the wife of Laius, mother of Oedipus, the expression of her mask
depends on the scene of the play
• Antigone and Ismene: white face, dark under the eyes and sad looking
• Creon: brother in-law of Oedipus, mad or angry facial expression, with crown
Music: Sophocles also used the Chorus at the beginning of the play to help tell the
audience the given circumstances of the play. Choruses did a lot of lamenting of
terrible events.
Costumes: Men wore loose floor length poncho with pleated shoulder while
Females wore draped robes.
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Staging: The Parthenon’s façade has the design of Ionic order columns with cornice
and moldings on the top, and elevated by 5 step-risers at the center; and has a
platform in front near the audience.
For more readings and viewing, research and browse on the internet the story of the
Oedipus Rex.
B. Renaissance
William Shakespeare
Romeo and Juliet
(William Shakespeare)
Genre: Tragedy
Theatrical Elements:
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There is no curtain in front of the stage, which meant that scenes had to flow into
each other, and "dead bodies" had to be dragged off. There are dressing rooms
located behind the stage.
The performances during the renaissance period took place during the day, and
the open plan theater allowed for the use of natural light. Since there could be no
dramatic lighting and there was art direction (scenery and props), audiences relied on
the actors' lines, dialogue, movements, and stage directions to tell the time of day and
year, same as the location, mood and weather.
But today, new media technology/gadgets like the laptop, computer, mixer,
sensitive microphones, fogs machine, loudspeakers and the like are available. These
new technologies are used in many performances, to make the play more realistic,
creative, and spectacular. Backdrops for every scene can be seen through the use of
computers. Props are created much more easily and are more colorful. There is a
greater impact and satisfaction not only to the audience but also to the performers in
using innovations in the plays.
Props:
Props in this play may vary depending on the scene/act the learners are going to
perform. Here are lists of props one may use for the play.
Dagger Drums
Shovel Champagne
Laundry Basket with Clothing Glasses/Champagne
Small Tree w/ Bulb Scarves(Shawls)
Garbage Champagne Glass
Montague Sword Fireworks/Poppers/Bubbles
Capulet Broadsword Handkerchief
Grocery Bags w Vendor Cart/Tray Basket/collecting device
Items for Cart/Tray Scarf
Women's Handbag Small Bouquet of Flowers
Broom, Sheet for Lovers to wrap themselves
Shovel in Vial of Potion
Garbage Can Invitation
Sheets, Party Invitation
Pillow for bed Torches/Lamps (Flashlights)
Mirror or Mirror Frame Banners
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Characters:
Costumes:
The costumes are based on the style and design of dresses worn during the
renaissance period.
(Finley n.d.)
C. Romantic Period
Georges Bizet
(Composer, Arranger)
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Paris. Georges Bizet was a French composer and pianist of the Romantic era. He is
best known for his opera Carmen.
Georges Bizet was registered with the legal name Alexandre-César Léopold
Bizet, but was baptized Georges Bizet, and he became known with this name. At the
age of ten he entered the Paris Conservatory of Music. Georges Bizet's first symphony
was the Symphony in C Major. It seems that Bizet completely forgot about it, until
1935, when in the archives of the Conservatory library the piece was discovered.
When it was first performed, it was immediately hailed as a junior masterwork and
became one of the great performances during the Romantic period. It was a delightful
work of a seventeen-year-old boy, Georges Bizet.
The setting of Carmen takes place in Seville, Spain during the mid-19th century.
The opera Carmen is one of the world’s most popular operas. It was first
performed at the Opéra-Comique in Paris in France on March 3, 1875. The opera was
in four acts with music written by the French composer Georges Bizet. The libretto
written by Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halévy was based on a novel of the same title
by Prosper Mérimée.
Staging:
The story is set in Seville, Spain and the surrounding hills in 1820. The opera,
written in the genre of opéra comique with musical numbers separated by dialogue
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tells the story of the downfall of Don José, a naïve soldier who is seduced by the
charms of the flaming Gypsy, Carmen. No man could resist Carmen’s charms, and
when she was ready to move on, watch out! The opera is a fascinating drama of love
and jealousy, filled with famously alluring melodies and captivating dancing. The story
has been the subject of many screen and stage adaptations.
Costumes:
(Cantoni et al 2013)
Video Clips:
Carmen (Bizet) The Royal Opera
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djsuP0uta7s&feature=share&list=RD02Gd0
FNpiBDyA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uV9iGv4sKNI&feature=share&list=RD02Gd
0FNpiBDyA
Severino R. Reyes
Salvador F. Bernal
Salvador F. Bernal
(Father of Theater Design in the Philippines)
Born in 1945 to a family that ran a Terno shop. He
was the first to develop theater design as a profession
and elevate it to an art form. Studied at Ateneo de Manila
and at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA;
practiced and handled courses in the art and craft of
theater design.
What’s More
DIRECTION: Match column A with column B. Choose your answer from column B
which corresponds to the different Western and Filipino Theater Artists
in Column A. Write only the letter of your answer in your activity
notebook.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
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What I Can Do
Use what you’ve learned about the Western Classical Plays/Opera and Famous
Filipino Playwrights and Directors. Imagine that you are the playwright and director
who is responsible to write a script, designate roles, rehearses the actors/actresses,
and initiate planning of a theater play.
Materials:
• Bond Papers
• Ballpen
Procedure:
1. You are challenged to write and direct a short theater play
2. Initiate planning. Make a working team to do the different duties and
responsibilities needed for the effective delivery of a theater play.
3. Write a short script and designate your actors and actresses to their respective
roles.
4. Create your own timetable
5. Use the template below. Write this on a sheet of bond paper.
mnN Name of the Playwright/Director:___________________________________
Title of the Play:________________________________
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Assessment
TRUE OR FALSE: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the
statement is incorrect. Do this in your activity notebook.
________1. Sophocles is an ancient Greek tragedian who wrote 123 plays but only 7
have survived in a complete form.
________2. William Shakespeare has been known as the “Bard of Avon” and wrote
the most famous tragedy and one of the world’s most enduring love story
“Romeo and Juliet”.
________3. The opera “Carmen” is one of the world’s most popular opera and was
written by William Shakespeare
________4. Balagtas is so greatly revered in the Philippines that the term for Filipino
debate in extemporaneous verse is named after him: Balagtasan and one of
the greatest literary awards in the Philippines is also named after him.
________5. Severino R. Reyes is a French writer, dramatist, and playwright; he was
highly acclaimed as one of the giants of Tagalog literature.
________6. Lights and Music are elements that gives special effects to a play.
Dynamics and intensity of these elements’ express mood, time, or weather of
a certain scene.
________7. Playwrights are the ones who act on stage with their respective roles.
________8. Production Team are responsible for stage decorations, props,
costumes, and other art designs.
________9. Oedipus Rex is written by Severino R. Reyes.
________10. Carmen, Don Jose, El Dancairo and El Remendado are some
characters in the opera “Romeo and Juliet.”
Additional Activities
Try to watch the different theater plays and movies of Romeo and Juliet and
Carmen and try to reflect on the art of the presentation.
Online:
Bevington, D. , Brown, . John Russell and Spencer, . Terence John Bew. "William Shakespeare." Encyclopedia
Britannica, December 17, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Shakespeare.
Glennled. 2011. Glenn’s Trumpet Notes. November 1. Accessed January 10, 2022.
https://glennstrumpetnotes.com/2011/11/01/my-trumpet-student-stars-in-bizets-carmen-at-seattle-
opera/.
Reyes, Nato. 2012. "Rebyu: “Walang Sugat”, pero malalim ang tama." Like a Rolling Stone. September 14.
Accessed January 10, 2022. https://natoreyes.wordpress.com/2012/09/14/rebyu-walang-sugat-pero-
malalim-ang-tama/.
Woodard, T. M. and Taplin, . Oliver. "Sophocles." Encyclopedia Britannica, January 29, 2021.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophocles.
n.d. Philippine Social Science Council. Accessed January 10, 2022. https://pssc.org.ph/scientists/ricardo-abad/.
n.d. Romeo and Juliet Author Choice. Accessed January 10, 2022.
https://romeoandjulietauthorchoice.weebly.com/the-scene-setting-page.html.
n.d. "Severino Reyes Biography." Your Dictionary. Accessed January 10, 2022.
https://biography.yourdictionary.com/articles/severino-reyes-biography.html.
2020. "Francisco Balagtas – The Best Filipino Poet!" Bulakenyon.ph. April 2. Accessed January 10, 2022.
https://www.bulakenyo.ph/francisco-balagtas-the-ultimate-filipino-poet/.
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