I.

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

A. Identify what a primary source and a secondary source are;
B. Differentiate primary and secondary sources;
C. Outline the important details that support topic.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Primary and Secondary Sources
Reference/s: https://www.enago.com/academy/should-you-use-primary-sources-secondary-
sources-or-citation-references/, LEARNER’S PACKET (LeaP) for Grade 8 W3
Materials: Pictures, manila paper, marker,

III. Learning Procedures

Teacher’s Activities Students’ Activities

A. Preliminary Activities

Let us all stand for the prayer.

(A student leads the prayer)

Good morning class!

Good morning, ma’am!

You may take your seat.

Please look under your chair, see if there

are garbage, and put it in your pocket. Okay ma’am.

Let’s check your attendance first. Who’s

absent today class? (Students’ answers may vary depending
who’s absent)

Thank you, class.

 B. Motivation

Today, let’s start our lesson by looking these

two illustrations.

Primary Source

EVIDENCE

PERSON

Interpreted Primary Source

Described
EVIDENCE
Evaluated
PERSON
Analyzed

Secondary Source

What can you say about the first

illustration? The first illustration shows that the person
has directly seen the evidence or primary
source.

Very Good!
How about the second illustration? The second illustration shows that the
person has seen the interpretation,
description, evaluation, and analyzation of
the evidence.

Very good.
And the interpretation, description,
evaluation, and analyzation of the evidence
are also known as what? Secondary source.

That’s correct.

Now class, I will give you different scenarios

and you will find out if the evidences belong
to primary source or secondary source.
Let’s start.
Here’s the first scenario.

Cath wants to know what numbers win

the lottery today. So, she goes to the
lottery station to see the lottery result.
The lottery winning numbers are 11, 06,
19, 27, 38, and 30.

Now class, what is the evidence in the first

scenario? The lottery winning numbers ma’am.

That’s correct!
Is the lottery winning numbers a primary
source or secondary source? A primary source ma’am.

How did you say so? Because Cath directly saw the lottery
winning numbers.

Let’s move on to the second scenario.

Cath is going to lottery station to know

the result of the winning numbers today.
She suddenly met her friend Jeff and told
her that the lottery result is 11, 06, 19,
27, 38, and 30.

Now class, here’s my question. Did Cath see

the lottery result herself? No, ma’am.

How did she know it?

Jeff told her.

So, Cath didn’t see the lottery result for

herself, instead she heard it from Jeff.
Now class, what is Jeff, a primary source or
secondary source? A secondary source ma’am.

That’s true.
How did you say so? Because Jeff told to Cath the lottery result.

Very good.
Jeff told to Cath the lottery result, described
to her what numbers he had seen, which
made him a secondary source.

Let’s see the third scenario.

Your teacher gave you and your

classmate a task to gather information
about the treatment for snake bites. You
gathered information through interviews
of old people. While your classmate
searched the internet and gathered
information from an article online about
how to treat snake bites.

Can you find the primary source and

secondary source in this scenario? Yes, ma’am.

Which is the primary source, and which is

the secondary source? The primary source is interviews of old
people because you gathered information
directly by asking old people.

The secondary source is article online

about how to treat snake bites. Because
the article talks about the topic.

Very Good!
 C. Developmental Activity
A. Activity

Okay class, let’s have an activity.

Get ¼ sheet of paper to write your answer.
In this activity I will give you 10 minutes.

Here’s the direction.

Look for the different examples of sources

inside the box below and identify if it is a
primary or secondary source. Place each
source on its respective column.

Textbook Original
painting
Journal Speech
Article Biography
Words written after an Interview
event has occurred
Encyclopedia Photographs
Autobiography Reviews of
story

Primary Sources Secondary

Sources
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
6. 6.

Okay time’s up

Let’s answer.
 (Students’ Answers)

Primary Sources Secondary Sources

1. Journal 1. Textbook
2. Autobiography 2. Article
3. Speech 3. Encyclopedia
4. Interview 4. Biography
5. Photographs 5. Reviews of story
6. Original 6. Words written
painting after an event was
occurred.

Good job everyone.

Based on our activity, what is primary

source? A primary source is direct evidence. It is
original material, regardless of format.

What is secondary source? A secondary source is one that describes,

evaluates, analyzes and interprets the
primary source or direct evidence.

B. Analysis

Very good everyone.

Today, we will discuss about primary and

secondary sources. Look in front everyone
and learn attentively.

Please read the meaning of primary source

(students name) Primary source is anything that gives direct
evidence about the people, events, and
phenomena that are researching. It is also
the main object of your analysis.

Very Good! Now class let’s learn how to use

primary sources in your research.
If you are searching the past, you cannot
directly access it yourself, so you need
primary sources that were produced at the
time by participants or witnesses for
example, letters, photographs and
newspapers.

Another thing is, if you are researching

something current, your primary sources
can be collected by yourself through
interviews, surveys, and experiments. You
can also use sources that produced by
people who are directly involved in the
topic for example, official documents or
media text. Some examples of media text
are advertisements, talkback radio
programs, magazines, news presentations,
sports reporting, political commentary or
cartoons, editorials, websites, social media,
blogs, podcasts, gaming, and other forms of
digital media.

Okay class let’s proceed to secondary

source. Who wants to read its meaning? Ma’am I want to read.

Okay (student’s name) please read the

meaning of secondary source. A secondary source is anything that
describes, interprets, evaluates, or
analyzes information from primary sources.

Great! Now let’s look for examples of

secondary source.

Everybody please read aloud.

Examples of secondary source.
Books, articles and documentaries that
synthesize information on a topic, synopses
am descriptions of artistic works,
Encyclopedias and textbooks that
summarize information and ideas, and
reviews and essays that evaluate or
interpret something.
 C. Abstraction
Very good.
Now, class, if you really understand our
lesson today, put inside the Venn Diagram
the differences and similarities between
primary and secondary sources. (Students’ expected answers)

Differences
Primary Source Secondary Source
A primary source is direct evidence, and
original material.

A secondary source evaluates, interprets,

analyzes, describes, and evaluates the
evidence.

Similarities

Sources of information

Very good, class.

D. Application

We have already familiarized ourselves with

primary and secondary sources.

We are going to have an activity.

Here is the direction.

Using the information taken from the

secondary source, accomplish the sentence
outline below.

But first, please look for the meaning of

outlining.

Outline is a breakdown
Of the main and supporting ideas
In your essay, report, or speech.
Please read the passage together. (Students read the statements)

Doctors say that obesity is a big problem

that will only get worse in the future. For
many people who struggle with being very
fat, one solution is surgery. But it can be
dangerous, is not right for everyone, and
isn't available to many people. But now,
doctors found a drug that gives the same
benefits as surgery. It is a new class of
compounds that make you less hungry.
They also help you feel full and normalize
blood sugar.

It is a peptide called GEP44. When they

gave the peptide to very fat rats, it
lowered their blood sugar, and they lost a
lot of weight. It made them eat up to 80%
less than they would usually eat. Scientists
say that the new treatment
also boosts calorie burn.

Doctors say that losing weight

and nausea are connected to the same
part of the brain. But they were able to
separate those two paths. So, the new
drug did not cause any nausea, which
happens quite often with weight-loss
drugs.

The topic is all about obesity treatment

without surgery or nausea.

Now, we will be going to find the effects of

the peptide GEP44, by outlining.

In the second paragraph, it states the effects

of peptide GEP44 when they gave it to very
fat rats. Can you please write down the
effects of peptide GEP44 beside the
numbers?

Who wants to answer?

(Students’ expected answers)
1. Lowered blood sugar.
2. Lost lot of weight.
3. Eat 80% less than they usually eat.
 I. Effects of peptide GEP44 to very
fat rats.

1.______________________________
2.______________________________
3.______________________________

Very good everyone.

Now, can you guess what kind of source is

the given passage?

Is it a primary or is it a secondary source? A secondary source ma’am?

What kind of secondary source?

An article ma’am.

That’s true. It is an article and it describes

the topic, obesity treatment without
surgery or nausea.

Great job everyone.

This time, I will give you another passage

and you will answer on your own.

IV. Evaluation

Direction: Using the information taken from the source, accomplish the sentence

outline below. Identify if the source is primary or secondary source.

“There are a lot of uses for the coconut tree. From the fruit to the leaves, down to the
trunk, the mighty tree serves a particular purpose. The fruit when still young, may be used
a refreshment. A cold glass of coconut juice is sure to cool you down. But don’t throw
away the husk. Just a few weeks under the sun and the husk will be good in polishing the
floor. A more mature coconut can make the meat extracted for its milk. The milk or gata
may be used for cooking dishes or desserts. Drying the meat of the coconut fruit may also
be turned to copra oil for making soap and other products. Coconut leaves may be used
for wrapping food and making the roof of the house. Coco lumber is a durable wood
made from the trunk of coconut tree. It is commonly used for foundation and making
makeshift bridges. Lastly, the roots have medical value and may be used as dye,
toothbrush, and mouthwash. These are but a few of the uses for the coconut tree and
with all these, it’s no wonder that the coconut tree is called the tree of life!”
 I. Uses of coconut tree
1._____________________________________________________.
2._____________________________________________________
3._____________________________________________________
4._____________________________________________________

II. What type of source is the passage?

V. Assignment

Answer Learning Activity Sheet (LAS)