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Digital Clock
Digital Clock
DIGITAL CLOCK
INTRODUCTION
To represent the time, most digital clocks use a seven-segment LED, VFD, or LCD for
each of four digits. They generally also include other elements to indicate whether the
time is AM or PM, whether or
not an alarm is set, and so on. Older digital clocks used numbers painted on wheels,
or split-flap display. High-end digital clocks use dot matrix displays and use
animations for digit changes.
WORKING
Digital clocks are not a lot different than analog clocks except that they handle the basic
time keeping functions using all electronic components instead of mechanically. For
instance, digital clocks use an electronic power supply, either AC power from an outlet in
the wall or from a battery. It also has a time base that is electronic and “ticks” at an
accurate rate. And a digital clock has an electronic “gear mechanism” usually called a
counter. And for the display the digital clock typically uses one of two kinds of lights. It
will use either Light Emitting Diodes (LED) or a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) to display
the lighted time. How the Digital Clock Works An oscillator is needed for any type of
clock to work. In a digital clock, this is usually provided by using a crystal which is made
out of glass. As an electric charge passes through the crystal, it will change shape slightly
and make a very light sound. The sound which is heard at a regular frequency is then
converted into an electronic signal. By using a series of counters, the oscillations from a
60 Hertz oscillator is reduced to a 1 Hertz oscillation. The first counter will count one for
each set of ten oscillations, and the other one will count one for each six “tens”
oscillations. This sets up the 1 Hertz signal so that it can pass seconds because the actual
definition of 1 Hertz is one oscillation for each second. The six counter sets up the hours,
since it counts for 6 sets of 10 – or 60. Each of the counters is connected to an electronic
chip that signals to the display which uses lights to display the time. This LED or LCD
light display is called a “7-segment display.” This is because there are seven segments
that can light up to display a number. For instance, the number 8 uses all 7 lights. But the
light segments are designed to be able to light up in any array to display the numbers 0
to 9. These lights are situated on the display so that they display two sets of two digit
numbers. When the digital clock reaches 12:59 and goes to 1:00 it essentially resets or
starts over. The electric components in a digital clock are designed so that they have a
built-in processor which basically looks for a “13” in the hours display. When it occurs, it
resets the counter back to 1. Users can also reset the time using digital buttons that are
installed on the clock in some accessible location. These buttons allow increased
frequencies so that the numbers more much faster.
OBJECTIVE
Digital time clock counts hours, minutes, seconds, months, days and even years digitally.
The objective of this project is construct a device that will display the time in seconds,
minutes and hours. In addition to this, it will also display time. We can also set the time
using the switch.
CONCLUSION
A digital timer will display the time by default for24 hours 60 minutes and 60
seconds. This timer can display the actual time in hours and minutes and
seconds whereas the traditional clock is not accurate than the digital clock. A
timer is a device that shows the time in each aspect like hours, minutes and
seconds too.
SIMULATION RESULT