BIUST
Faculty of Engineering
Electrical, Computer and Telecommunications Department
EEN221
Tutorial for week 2
Covers material on chapter 12
Question 1
Express in rectangular and polar notations the phasors for the following quantities:
(a) i = 10 sin ωt;
(b) i = 5 sin(ωt − π/3);
(c) v = 40 sin(ωt + π/6).
Draw a phasor diagram representing the above voltage and currents.
Answer:
(a) i = 10∠0° = (10 + j0)
(b) i = 5∠−60° = (2.5 − j4.33)
(c) i = 40∠30° = (34.64 + j20.0)
Question 2
Express each of the following phasors in polar notation and draw the phasor diagram:
(a) 10 + j5;
(b) 3 − j8.
Answer:
5
(a) 10 + j5 = 102 + 52 ∠tan−1 10 = 11.18∠26.6°
8
(b) 3 − j8 = √ (32 + 82 ) ∠tan−1 3 = 8.54∠−69.4°
Question 3
Express each of the following phasors in rectangular notation and draw the phasor diagram:
(a) 20∠60°;
(b) 40∠−45°.
Answer:
(a) 20∠60° = 20 cos 60° + j20 sin 60° = 10 + j17.32
(b) 40∠−45° = 40 cos(−45°) + j 20 sin(−45°) = 28.28 − j28.28
∴ 20∠60° + 40∠−45° = 38.28 − j10.96
10.96
= (38.282 + 10.962 ) tan −1 −
32.28
= 39.82∠−16.
Question 4
Add the two phasors (a) 10 + j5; (b) 3 − j8 and express the result in:
(a) rectangular notation;
(b) polar notation.
Check the values by drawing a phasor diagram to scale.
Answer:
(10 + j5) + (3 − j8) = 13 − j3
−3
= √(132 + 32) tan−1 13 = 13.34∠−13°
For phasor diagram, the addition is illustrated above.
Question 5
Subtract the second phasor (a) 10 + j5; (b) 3 − j8 from the first phasor and express the result
in:
(a) rectangular notation;
(b) polar notation.
Check the values by means of a phasor diagram drawn to scale.
Answer:
(10 + j5) − (3 − j8) = 7 + j13
= √(72 + 132) tan−1(13/7)= 14.77∠61°42′
Question 6
Derive expressions, in rectangular and polar notations, for the admittances of the following
impedances:
(a) 10 + j15 Ω;
(b) (b) 20 − j10 Ω;
(c) (c) 50∠20° Ω;
(d) (d) 10∠−70° Ω.
Answer:
a) (0.0308 − j0.0462) s, 0.0555∠−56°18′ s;
b) (0.04 + j0.02) s, 0.0447∠26°34′ s;
c) (0.0188 − j0.00684) s; 0.02∠−20° s;
d) (0.0342 + j0.094) s, 0.1∠70° s
Question 7
Calculate the resistance and inductance or capacitance in series for each of the following
impedances, assuming the frequency to be 50 Hz:
(a) 50 + j30 Ω;
(b) 30 − j50 Ω;
(c) 100∠40° Ω;
(d) 40∠60° Ω.
Answer:
(a) 50 + j30 = R + jXL
R = 50 Ω and L = 30/(2π 50) = 95.5 mH
(b) 30 − j50 = R + jXC
∴ R = 30 Ω and C = 1/(2π 50 × 50) = 63.7 µF
(c) 100∠40° = 76.6 + j64.3 = R + jXL
∴ R = 76.6 Ω and L = 64.3/(2π 50) = 0.205 H
(d) 40∠60° = 20 + j34.64 = R + jXL
∴ R = 20 Ω and L = 34.64/2π50 = 110.26 mH
Question 8
Calculate the resistance and inductance or capacitance in parallel for each of the following
admittances, assuming the frequency to be 50 Hz:
(a) 0.25 + j0.06 S;
(b) 0.05 − j0.1 S;
(c) 0.8∠30° S;
(d) 0.5∠−50° S.
Answer:
(a) 4 Ω, 1910 µF;
(b) 20 Ω, 31.85 mH;
(c) 1.44 Ω, 1274 µF;
(d) 3.11 Ω, 8.3 mH
Question 9
A voltage, v = 150 sin(314t + 30°) volts, is maintained across a circuit consisting of a 20 Ω
non-reactive resistor in series with a loss-free 100 µF capacitor. Derive an expression for the
r.m.s. value of the current phasor in:
(a) rectangular notation;
(b) polar notation.
Draw the phasor diagram.
Answer:
(a) (0.1217 + j2.82) A;
(b) 2.82∠87°53′ A
Question 10
The current in a circuit is given by 4.5 + j12 A when the applied voltage is 100 + j150 V.
Determine:
(a) the complex expression for the impedance, stating whether it is inductive or
capacitive;
(b) the active power;
(c) the phase angle between voltage and current.
Answer:
(a) (13.7 − j3.2) Ω, capacitive;
(b) (b) 2250 W; 13°9′
Question 11
The p.d. across and the current in a given circuit are represented by (200 + j30) V and (5 − j2)
A respectively. Calculate the active power and the reactive power. State whether the reactive
power is leading or lagging.
Answer:
940 W; 550 var lagging
