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Unit 01: Problem Solving And Algorithm Designing

Multiple Choice Questions And Fill In The Blanks
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
A. ENCIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER:
1. To "bake a cake" is an example of:
a. problem ✓
b. strategy
c. algorithm
d. solution
(Note: " Baking a cake" is problem and "Recipe of baking a
cake" is Algorithm)

2. To find a feasible solution to a problem, the first step is

to:
a. establish starting point
b. find available solutions
c. create a strategy
d. identify and analyze the problem ✓

3. Step by step solution of a problem in simple language is

called:
a. Problem Solving
b. Algorithm ✓
c. flowchart
d. Data Structure

4. Shows the logic of program graphically.

a. Data Structure
b. Graph
c. Algorithm
d. Flowchart ✓

5. Symbol is used for input/output in flowchart.

a. Triangle
b. Square
c. Parallelogram ✓

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d. Rectangle

6. Elements of data structure are not connected

sequentially.
a. Array
b. Graph ✓
c. Queue
d. Stack

7. Stores data in hierarchal manner.

a. Stack
b. Queue
c. Array
d. Tree ✓

8. When that data is Pushed in stack, it means that data is:

a. inserted ✓
b. deleted
c. sorted
d. edited

9. In binary tree, each child can have maximum:

a. one node
b. two nodes ✓
c. three nodes
d. four nodes

10. Traversing an array means accessing:

a. first element
b. last element
c. any specific element
d. each and every element of the array ✓

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Fill In The Blanks:

1. Problem solving is the process of finding solutions of

difficult or complex issues.
2. A problem is a situation preventing something from being
achieved.
3. There are four basic steps involved in finding a solution;
define the problem, generate alternative solutions, evaluate and
select an alternative and implement and follow up on the
solution.
4. Problem and set are a starting point of solution.
5. There are various strategies that can be used to formulate
an algorithm for solving the problem.
6. Using the strategy, various solutions to a
given problem are planned and the most feasible solution is
identified.
7. Algorithm is a technical term for a set of instructions for
solving a problem or sub-problem.
8. Algorithms enable breaking down of problems and
conceptualize solutions step-by-step.
9. Algorithms are defined as generic steps of instructions so
they can be written in any programming language.
10. A flowchart writes the sequence of steps and logic of
solving a problem, using graphical symbols.
11. Flowcharts help in communicating the logic of a program
to all others and make it easy for understanding.
12. A data structure is a particular way of organizing data in a
computer to use it effectively.
13. In Linear data structure data elements are arranged
in sequential order and each of the elements is connected to
its previous and next element.
14. Stack is a linear data structure in which items may be
added or removed only at one end i.e. at the top of stack.
15. Queue is a linear data structure in which that
element inserted first will be removed first.
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16. Array is a linear data structure, which holds a list of finite
data elements of same data type.
17. Each element of array is referenced by a set of index of
consecutive numbers.
18. The elements of a non-linear data structure are not
connected in a sequence.
19. Each element of a non linear data structure can
have multiple paths to connect to other elements.
20. Tree is a non-linear data structure and is used to
represent data containing a hierarchical relationship between
elements.
21. A graph is a non-linear data structure consisting (finite
set) of data elements called nodes/vertices and edges that are
lines that connect any two nodes in that graph.

Unit 02: Basics Of Programming In C++

Multiple Choice Questions And Fill In The Blanks

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

A. ENCIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER:
1. A computer program is a collection of:
a. Tasks
b. Instructions ✓
c. Computers
d. Programmers

2. High-level languages have syntax that is:

a. Easily readable by humans ✓
b. Easily readable by machines
c. Easily readable by both
d. None of the above

3. Low-level languages have syntax that is:

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a. Easily readable by humans
b. Easily readable by machines ✓
c. Easily readable by both
d. None of the above

4. The primary characteristic of a compiler is to:

a. Translate codes line-by-line
b. Translate low-level code to machine language
c. Detect logical errors
d. Translate codes all at once ✓

5. The primary characteristic of an interpreter is to:

a. Translate codes line-by-line ✓
b. Translate low-level code to machine language
c. Detect logical errors
d. Translate codes all at once

6. An Integrated Development Environment facilitates a

programmer to:
a. Edit source code
b. Complete and highlight syntaxes
c. Debug and compile codes
d. All of the above ✓

7. All errors, detected by users are typically:

a. Syntax Errors ✓
b. Semantic Errors
c. Run- Time Errors
d. Logical Errors

8. Allowed names for declaring a variable:

a. Can contain whitespaces
b. Can be one of the reserved words
c. Can contain letters, digits and underscores ✓
d. Can be the same as its data type

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9. A bool data can store following type of value:
a. Numbers
b. Strings
c. Fractional numbers
c. True or false ✓

10. Which data type occupies the most space in memory?

a. Character
b. Integer
c. Floating point
d. Double floating point ✓

Fill In The Blanks:

1. A computer program is a list of instructions that tell a

computer what to do.
2. We refer to syntax in computer programming as the
concept of giving specific word sets in specific orders to
computers so that they do what we want them to do.
3. Different programming languages can be classified
into high, middle and low-level languages.
4. High-level languages are easy to read for humans and
contain English language like words.
5. Middle-level languages have a human readable
format along with direct control over the machine's resources.
6. Low-level languages are easy for machines to read and
hard for humans.
7. Low-level programs mostly comprise of binary
digits and memory operators.
8. There are three types of translators namely, compilers,
interpreters and assemblers.
9. Compilers convert high-level languages into machine
readable format.

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10. Interpreters also convert high-level programs into machine
readable format.
11. Interpreters convert instructions line-by-line.
12. Assemblers convert low-level languages into machine
readable format with added benefit of being interactive like an
interpreter.
13. Programming errors prevent the program from
being compiled or executed.
14. Syntax errors are words or symbols unrecognized by a
particular programming language.
15. Runtime errors only occur during program execution
mostly due to an invalid input.
16. Logical errors are considered when incorrect results are
obtained based on provided input.
17. Logical errors do not interrupt program execution.
18. IDEs stand for Integrated Development Environments.
19. Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) are
programs that facilitate writing, compiling and executing codes.
20. IDEs usually provide a single environment for
programmers to write and executes codes efficiently.
21. C++ is a general-purpose high-level programming
language.
22. Reserved words are part of programming
language syntax and cannot be used as name of variable,
function or label.
23. A constant is a named identifier having a value that
cannot be changed.
24. A variable is a named identifier with a value that can be
changed during normal execution of program.
25. Different types of values can be stored in variables.
These types are called data types such as int, string, bool, etc.
26. A variable can be declared by giving it a name and type.
27. A variable can also be initialized during declaration by
assigning a value to it.

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28. In C++, a variable is defined and initialized as: "data type
variable name= value;"
29. C++ offers various data types for holding values in
variables.

Unit 03: Input / Output Hnadling In C++

Multiple Choice Questions And Fill In The Blanks
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

A. ENCIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER:

i) The C++ header file contains function prototype for the
standard Input and Output functions.
a. <iomain.h>
b. <iostream> ✓
c. <fstream.h>
d. <cstdio.h>

ii) Which operator is used for input stream?

a. >
b. <<
c. >> ✓
d. <

iii) gets stands for

a. get stream
b. get string ✓
c. get str
d. get std

iv) getch() and getche() are included in header file.

a. <cstdio.h>

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b. <conio.h> ✓
c. <stdlib.h>
d. <stdio.h>

v) Which operator is used for logical AND operation?

a. &
b. && ✓
c. ||
d. !

vi) Which of the following operator is correct to compare two

values of variables?
a. =
b. <=
c. == ✓
d. both b and c

vii) Which of the following needs pressing Enter Key from the
keyboard?
a. getch( )
b. getche( )
c. getchar( ) ✓
d. gets( )

viii) != operator belong to which type of operator.

a. Relational ✓
b. Logical
c. Arithmetic
d. None of these

ix) Which operator add the first operand to the second operand
and gives the result to first operand.
a. *=

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b. += ✓
c. ++
d. +

x) cout « 12-6/2; What will be the result on screen?

a. 3 ✓
c. 6
c. 9
d.12

xi). The C++ program consists of __________________ parts.

a. 3 ✓
b. 4
c. 7
d. 2

xii). It is used to include header files like iostream.h, conio.h, etc.

a. gets ( )
b. compiler
c. main( )
d. #include ✓

xiii) It is the collection of identifiers.

a. gets ( )
b. namespace ✓
c. main( )
d. #include

xiv) The ________ function is compulsory element of the C++

program.
a. gets ( )
b. namespace
c. main( ) ✓

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d. puts ( )

xv) The comment statements are those statements that are

ignored by the ________.
a. operators
b. Compiler ✓
c. identifiers
d. terminator

xvi) The ________ are not executable.

a. gets ( )
b. namespace
c. comment statements ✓
d. #include

xvii) ________ is a standard library file that contains definitions

of Standard Input and Output functions.
a. return value
b. multi line comment
c. cout statement
d. I/O Stream ✓

xviii) cout is an ___________ object.

a. input
b. output ✓
c. comment
d. statement

xix) ________ is used to display the output through output device

like monitor.
a. cout ✓
b. return value
c. main( )

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d. #include

xx) __________ is a string function and it is included in <cstdio>

header file.
a. gets ( )
b. puts ( ) ✓
c. main( )
d. getch ( )

xxi) cin works as an___________________ object in C++.

a. statement
b. output
c. comment
d. input ✓

xxii) Statement terminator (;) is used for statement _________ in

C++ programming.
a. middle
b. beginning
c. ending ✓
d. writing

xxiii) Escape Sequences is a ________ characters.

a. non - printable ✓
b. printable
c. specific
d. executable

xxiv) Escape Sequences is used only with ___________

statement.
a. cout ✓
b. return value
c. main( )

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d. #include

xxv) These are special symbols used for specific purposes.

a. compilers
b. Operators ✓
c. identifiers
d. terminators

Fill In The Blanks:

1. The C++ program consists of three parts, Preprocessor

Directives, main Function header and Body of program.
2. #include is used to include header files like iostream.h, conio.h, etc.
3. namespace is the collection of identifiers.
4. The main( ) function is compulsory element of the C++ program.
5. The comment statements are those statements that are ignored by the compiler.
6. The comment statements are not executable.
7. I/O Stream is a standard library file that contains definitions of Standard Input and Output functions.
8. cout is an output object.
9. cout is used to display the output through output device like monitor.
10. puts() is a string function and it is included in <cstdio> header file.
11. cin works as an input object in C++.
12. Statement terminator (;) is used for statement ending in C++ programming.
13. Escape Sequences is a non - printable characters.
14. Escape Sequences is used only with cout statement.
15. Operators are special symbols used for specific purposes.
16.Arithmetic Operator are used for arithmetic operations or calculation.
17. Increment and Decrement Operator are used in two different ways in programming, such as Prefix
and Postfix.
18. Relational Operators are used to test the relation between two values.
19. Logical Operators are used to determine two relational expression.
20. Relational and Logical Operators works on a decision making and loops.

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Unit 04: Control Structure
Multiple Choice Questions And Fill In The Blanks

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Encircle the correct answer:
1. Loop within a loop is called ________ loop.
a. Inner
b. outer
c. enclosed
d. nested ✓

2. Case and _______ are also part of switch statement.

a. have
b. default ✓
c. for
d. if

3. “For” loop expression has ________ parts.

a. one
b. two
c. three ✓
d. four

4. exit( ) function is used to ___________.

a. close function
b. close loop
c. close program ✓
d. close switch

5. “continue ” statement takes control to the __________ .

a. top of loop ✓
b. end of loop
c. top of function

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d. end of function

6. In “goto” statement label is followed by __________ character.

a. colon (:) ✓
b. semi colon (;)
c. single quote (‘)
d. double quote (“)

7. To send value to calling function we use ____________

statement.
a. throw
b. return ✓
c. send
d. back

8. “break” statement is used with _________ .

a. if
b. switch ✓
c. for
d. while

9. Using “else” is _________ with “if” statement.

a. prohibited
b. advised
c. compulsory
d. optional ✓

10. “if” and loop expressions use ___________ operators to test

condition.
a. arithmetic
b. relational ✓
c. insertion
d. bitwise

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11. C++ has _________ types of control statements.

a. one
b. two
c. three ✓
d. four

12. C++ has __________ decision making structures.

a. one
b. two
c. three ✓
d. four

13. __________ allows us to execute a statement several number

of times.
a. if-else
b. loop ✓
c. switch
d. insertion

14. do while loop is similar to _________ loop.

a. if-else
b. while ✓
c. for
d. nested

15. If a loop exist in the body of another loop then it is called

_____ .
a. if-else
b. while
c. for
d. nested ✓

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16. A _________ statement causes the loop to skip the remaining
statements of its body.
a. continue ✓
b. goto
c. return
d. nested

17. A _________ statement jumps or transfers control

unconditionally from the goto to a labelled statement.
a. if-else
b. goto ✓
c. return
d. continue

18. A __________ program is the set of instructions in sequential

form.
a. nested
b. computer ✓
c. control
d. return

19. ________ statement is the basic decision statement.

a. if ✓
b. break
c. if-else
d. continue

20. ________ statement change execution of program from its

normal sequence.
a. if
b. jump ✓
c. for
d. goto

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Fill In The Blanks:

1. A computer program is the set of instructions in sequential form.
2. Control statement are used to control the direction of program.

3. C++ has three types of control statements: Selection/Decision

Making Structure, Iteration / Loops and Jump.
4. C++ has three decision making structures; 'if' statement, 'if-else
statement and 'switch' statement.
5. "if" statement and "if-else" statements checks a condition.
6. "if" statement is the basic decision statement.
7. In "if" and "if-else" statement, if the condition is true the
statements in if block are executes.
8. In "if" staement, if the condition is false, it leaves the statements in
if block and starts executing statements after the block.
9. In case "if-else" staement is false, it executes statements in 'else
block.
10. Switch statement checks different constants after case statement
with switch variable.

11. If switch variable matches it executes statements after switch.

12. If switch variable does not match with any of the case constant
control goes to default statement if present.
13. Loops allow us to execute a statement or a group of
statements several numbers of times.
14. "for" loop execute a sequence of statements multiple times.
15. "for" loop is usually used in situations where at the start of loop
we know that how many times loop body will execute.
16. Condition is tested at the start of loop.
17. "while" loop is a pre-test loop.
18. "while" loop tests the condition at start of loop and is usually
used in situations where at the start of loop we do not know that how
many times loop block will execute.

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19. "while" loop is also called indefinite repetition loop.
20. "do while" loop is similar to "while" loop, except that it tests the
condition at the end of the loop body.
21. "do while" loop is also called post-test loop.

22. "do while" loop's statements block is executed at least one time.
23. A "break" statement terminates the loop or switch statement and
transfers control to the statement immediately following the loop or
switch statement.
24. A "continue" statement causes the loop to skip the remaining
statements of its body and immediately transfers control to the top of
the loop.
25. A "goto" statement jumps or
transfers control unconditionally from the "goto" to a labeled
statement in the same function.
26. A "return" statement terminates the execution of a function and
transfers program control to the statement just after the function call
statement in the calling function.
27. The exit is used to terminate a C++ program.

Unit 05: Functions

Multiple Choice Questions And Fill In The Blanks
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
A. ENCIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER:
1. The functions that are defined by the programmer are
called:
a. Built-In function
b. User-defined-function ✓
c. Sub function
d. Function
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2. A programmer creates a function for a particular task and

the programmer wants to include that function in program.
Which extension is required to save that function?
a. .obj
b. .h ✓
c. .cpp
d. .exe

3. In C++, int main( ) returns which data type value by

default?
a. float
b. int ✓
c. char
d. double

4. The parameters specified is the function header are

called:
a. formal parameters ✓
b. actual parameters
c. default parameters
d. command line parameters

5. The word “prototype” means:

a. Declaration ✓
b. Calling
c. Definition
d. Both a & b

6. The function prototype consists of:

a. Name of function
b. the parameters are passed to the function
c. The value return from function

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d. All of these ✓

7. All variables declared in function definition are called:

a. Local variable ✓
b. Instance variable
c. Global variable
d. Static variable

8. Which are not the built-In function?

a. sqrt( )
b. time( ) ✓
c. exp( )
d. sin( )

9. A group of statements written to perform specific task is

called _____.
a. Program
b. function ✓
c. statement
d. variable

10. Functions are divided into ____________ sections.

a. 4
b. 3 ✓
c. 2
d. 1

11. Functions in C++ helps the programmer to manage the

___________ of a large program.
a. code ✓
b. declaration
c. statement
d. variable

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12. There are ___________ categories of function.

a. 4
b. 3
c. 2 ✓
d. 1

13. Function ______tells the compiler about the function

name, return types and parameters types.
a. Declaration ✓
b. Calling
c. Definition
d. Both a & b

14. Function _________ is to invoke the code of function by

name.
a. Declaration
b. Call ✓
c. Definition
d. Both a & b

15. In C++ , _____________ functions are already declared in

header file.
a. user-defined
b. pre-defined ✓
c. statements
d. Both a & b

Fill In The Blanks:

1. A programmer can write his/her own function which is
called User-defined function.
2. A set of statements written to perform a specific task and
having a unique name is called a function.

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3. In structured programming, the complicated and large program
coding is broken down into smaller modules which are
called subprograms.
4. In C++, subprograms are called functions.
5. Every program has at least one main( ) function in C++.
6. When the program starts, the main( ) function is called
for execution.
7. The pre-define functions are the part of every high-level
programming language.
8. Predefined functions are also known as System-defined or
library functions.
9. Predefined functions do not need to be declared and defined.
10. Many pre-define functions need proper header file by
using #include pre-processor directive.
12. The definitions of many common functions are found in
the cmath and cstdlib libraries.
13. User-defined-functions need declaration and definition.
14. Multiply ( ), sum( ), average( ) may be the example of User-
define functions.
15. All predefined functions can be used simply by calling the function
like sqrt(), strcpy(), touppero, pow() etc.
16. A function without its definition (code block) is known as
a function declaration or function prototype.
17. Function declaration or function prototype is declared before
the main( ) function.
18. A function declaration ends with statement terminator (;).
19. Return Data Type shows the data type of value returned by
function.
20. Return data type may be int, float, double and char data type.
21. If no value is returned by the function in that case
keyword "void" is used.
22. Function Name specifies the name of function.
23. Parameters define the list of data types of function parameters
that are to be passed to the function.
24. Parameters are separated by (syntax) commas.

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25. Parameters are also known as arguments.
26. If there is no parameter in function, programmer uses
keyword "void".
27. In function declaration, statement terminator must be used at the
end.
28. Function definition has a function header and a body or code
block.
29. Body of the function includes statements in braces.
30. Function definition may be defined before or after the main
function.
31. Function's braces will be empty, if the function is without return
value and no arguments then it is called by its name.
32. An argument is a part of data passed to the function.
33. Passing actual values to function as arguments with function call
statement are known as actual parameters.
34. Actual parameters may be variables or constants.
35. The receiving variables of the header of function definition are
called the formal parameters of the function.
36. Global variables are declared outside of the main function.
37. Global variable is also known as external variable

Unit 05
Multiple Choice Questions And Fill In The Blanks

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

A. ENCIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER:
1. The Universal gate is:
a) NAND gate ✓
b) AND Gate
c) OR Gate
d) None of these
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2. The _________ is inverter.

a) AND
b) OR Gate
c) NOT ✓
d) None of these

3. In Boolean Algebra, the bar sign (-) indicates __________.

a) OR Operation
b) NOR Operation
c) NOT Operation ✓
d) Both b and c

4. The Boolean Algebra is used for _____________.

a) Creating Circuits
b) Apply 12 rules of Boolean
c) Simplify the Boolean expression ✓
d) Differentiate the gates

5. With the combination of three variables, how many outputs are

expected altogether?
a) Three
b) Six
c) Eight ✓
d) Nine

6. A + A = A is a ________ rule of Boolean Algebra.

a) 3rd
b) 6th
c) 5th ✓
d) 7th

7. A.A = 0 is a _________ rule of Boolean Algebra.

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a) 1st
b) 8th ✓
c) 6th
d) 10th

8. Simplify form of Boolean expression of ABC + ABC + AB is

_________.
a) A
b) B ✓
c) C
d) B

9 .Simplify form of Boolean expression of ABC+ABC is:

a) AC
b) BC ✓
c) B
d) A

10. Boolean expression of the given circuit is:

a) A + B
b) B.A
c) A.B
d) A.B ✓

FILL IN THE BLANKS:

1. Data Representation refers to the form in which data is stored,
processed, and transmitted.

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2. Digital devices such as smart phones, iPods, and computers store
data in digital formats that can be handled by electronic circuitry.

3. Logic Gates are the electronic circuits in a digital system.

4. Logical Gates perform logical operations like AND, OR, NOT,
NAND, NOR etc.
5. The logic gate is the basic unit of digital logic circuits.
6. There are mainly three basic gates AND, OR, and NOT.
7. The basic logical gates perform AND, OR, and NOT operations in
the digital system.
8. An AND gate is a digital circuit that has two or more inputs and a
single output AND gate operates on logical multiplication rules.
9. Boolean Expression of AND gate: Y=A.B
10. An OR gate is a digital circuit that has two or more inputs and a
single output.
11. OR gate operates on logical Addition rules.
12. Boolean expression of OR gate is Y=A+B.
13. A NOT gate is a digital circuit that has a single input and a single
output.
14. NOT gate is also known as INVERTER.
15. Universal Gates are logic gates.
16. Universal Gates are capable of implementing any Boolean
function without requiring any other type of gate.
17. There are two types of universal gates.
18. A NAND Gate could be construct by connecting a NOT Gate at
the Output terminal of the AND Gate.
19. Boolean expression of NAND gate is Y= (A.B)'or Y = AB.
20. A NOR Gate could construct by connecting a NOT Gate at the
output terminal of the OR Gate.
21. The Boolean expression of NOR gate is Y = (A + B)' or Y = A +
B.
22. The Boolean arithmetic rules are pre-defined rules that help to
simplify the logical expression.
23. There are 12 Boolean algebra rules.
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Unit 06
Multiple Choice Questions And Fill In The Blanks

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

A. ENCIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER:
i) The feature of Scratch is:
a) It is a visual
b) Its free forever
c) No need to remember codes
d) All of above ✓

ii) In Scratch, the character which moves on the Stage is called a:

a) Sprite ✓
b) Command
c) Script
d) Event

iii) Repeat 10, forever and if ... then codes are available in:
a) Motion
b) Control ✓
c) Look
d) Sensing

iv) The Looks of Sprite can be changed by using:

a) Backdrop Tab
b) Costume Tab ✓
c) Script Tab
d) Control Tab

v) A Scratch program is at least made up with:

a) Many Sprites
b) One Sprite and Code

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c) One Sprite ✓
d) One Sprite and Backdrop

vi) To change the position of Sprite on screen, we use:

a) Coordinates ✓
b) Stage Information
c) Command Pallets
d) Costume Tab

vii) This can be found under _____.

a) Look
b) Motion ✓
c) Sound
d) Control

viii) Turn command, turns Sprite to specified:

a) Coordinate
b) Degree ✓
c) Steps
d) Second

ix) This command is available in:

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a) Event
b) Motion
c) Control ✓
d) Looks

x) In the given picture identify the x and y coordinates (positions)

of Point - A.

a) x = 100, y = -100 ✓
b) x = -100, y = 100
c) x = 100, y = 100
d) x = -100, y = -100
HINT:

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Fill In The Blanks:

1. Scratch is a programming language.
2. Scratch program includes animations and games.
3. From scratch programming, we can create interactive stories,
games, animation, music, art, and presentations.
4. There are two basic components of a Scratch program; Sprite and
Script.
5. We can use Scratch online and offline.
6. In Scratch Environment, the Stage is where you see your stories,
games, and animations come to life.
7. In Scratch Environment, the Script is the set of stepwise
instructions that users give to the sprite to do a particular task.v

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