Duplex / Super Duplex Steel
F44, F51, F53, F55
The word duplex is based upon the concept that the material has a two-phase
microstructure consisting of grains of ferritic and austenitic stainless steel formulated in
the same material. The term "Super-Duplex" denotes high-performance Duplex steel
based on elevated contents of chromium, nickel and molybdenum to improve pitting
corrosion resistance, while additions of nitrogen promoted structural hardening, raising
the yield strength and ultimate strength values without impairing toughness.
Duplex stainless steels are about twice as strong as regular austenitic or ferritic stainless
steels, have significantly better toughness and ductility than ferritic grades (although
they do not reach the values of austenitic grades), have a range of corrosion resistance
comparable to the range for austenitic stainless steels, have very good stress corrosion
cracking resistance, and Duplex steels are cost-effective in a number of ways.
AI Materials offers 4 core grades within this category:
F44 - an austenitic stainless steel used in seawater and other aggressive chloride-
bearing media. This grade has excellent resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, high
resistance to general corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, with a higher strength than
conventional austenitic stainless steels, and good weldability.
Specifications – 254SMO, UNS S31254; EN 1.4547
F51 - combines improved resistance to stress corrosion cracking, pitting, crevice
corrosion and high strength when compared with other stainless alloys. F51 resists
chloride environments and sulphide stress corrosion.
Specifications – UNS S31803; EN 1.4462
F53 - ideal for use in highly corrosive conditions, F53 has excellent resistance to stress
corrosion cracking in chloride bearing environments, excellent resistance to pitting ,
crevice and general corrosion, high mechanical strength, and good weldability.
Specifications – SAF 2507 / UNS S32750 / EN1.4410
F55 - with additions of chromium, molybdenum, and nitrogen F55 has enhanced pitting
and crevice corrosion resistance compared with the ordinary austenitic or duplex types.
Specifications – UNS S32760; EN 1.4501
AI Materials can supply Pipe, Plate and Rings as well as round bar from 10 mm through
to 462 mm – please contact us with your requirements.
See next page for Technical & Mechanical data comparison.
                       Duplex / Super Duplex Steel
                                  F44, F51, F53, F55
Technical data – nominal percentages:
 Chemical Content %         F44            F51         F53           F55
 C                         < 0.02         < 0.03      < 0.03        < 0.03
 Mn                        < 1.00         < 2.00      < 1.20        < 1.00
 Si                        < 0.70          < 0.1     0.20-.080      < 1.00
 S                         < 0.01         < 0.01      < 0.02        < 0.015
 P                         < 0.03         < 0.025     < 0.035       < 0.035
 Cr                       19.5-20.5      21.0-23.0   24.0-26.0     24.0-26.0
 Ni                       17.5-18.5       4.5-6.5     6.0-8.0       6.0-8.0
 Mo                        6.0-6.5        2.5-3.5     3.5-5.0       3.0-4.0
 Cu                        0.5-1.0                    < 0.50       0.50-1.00
 N                        0.18-0.22      0.14-0.20   0.24-0.32     0.20-0.30
 W                                                                 0.50-1.00
 PREN                        40            33.34        40            40
Mechanical data:
 Mechanical (room            F44           F51         F53           F55
 temperature)
 UTS                     650-850 Mpa     > 650 Mpa   > 750 Mpa   750 - 895 Mpa
 0.2% Proof Strength      > 300 Mpa      > 450 Mpa   > 530 Mpa    > 530 Mpa
 Elongation                35.00%         25.00%      25.00%        25.00%
 Reduction in area         50.00%         45.00%      40.00%        45.00%
 Hardness                 < 260 HB       < 271 HB    < 290 HB      < 290 HB