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Study River Academy for CSS PMS Everyday Science (Objective)

CONTENTS
CHAPTER ..................................................................... 1
ASTRONOMY & GEOGRAPHY...........................................1
One Liners............................................................................. 1
Astronomy & Geography MCQs .......................................... 7
Practice Exercise ................................................................. 28
CHAPTER ...................................................................31
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES ..................................................31
One Liners........................................................................... 31
Biology MCQs Set -I .......................................................... 40
Biology MCQs Set-II.......................................................... 60
Practice Exercise ................................................................. 80
CHAPTER ...................................................................83
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE ............................................83
One Liners........................................................................... 83
Environmental Science MCQs............................................ 93
Study River Academy for CSS PMS Everyday Science (Objective)

CHAPTER .................................................................104
NATURAL HAZARDS & DISASTERS ..............................104
One Liners......................................................................... 104
Natural Hazards & Disasters MCQs ................................. 110
CHAPTER .................................................................121
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ......................................121
One Liners......................................................................... 121
Computing History............................................................ 129
Information Technology MCQs........................................ 134
CHAPTER .................................................................157
PHYSICS & CHEMISTRY ...............................................157
One Liners......................................................................... 157
Physics & Chemistry MCQs Set-I ................................... 161
Physics & Chemistry MCQs Set-II................................... 182
Practice Exercise ............................................................... 202
CHAPTER .................................................................208
IMPORTANT TABLES & CHARTS ..................................208
Important Facts about Earth.............................................. 208
Planets Fact Chart ............................................................. 210
Major Elements in the Earth's Crust ................................. 211
Major Elements in the Human Body ................................ 211
Composition of Atmosphere ............................................. 211
Chemical Symbols of Important Elements ....................... 211
Important Alloys ............................................................... 212
Important Chemical Compounds & Their Formulas ........ 212
Vitamins Table.................................................................. 213
Study River Academy for CSS PMS Everyday Science (Objective)

Important minerals ............................................................ 215

Important Animals and Their Locations/Habitat .............. 216
Diseases............................................................................. 217
Units and Measurements................................................... 219
SI Units .................................................................................. 219
Important Quantities & Measuremelnt Units.................... 219
Important Units & Their Definitions ................................ 220
Energy conversion chart ................................................... 222
Facts About Human Body................................................. 222
Major Hormones & Their Functions................................. 223
Conversions, and Symbols................................................ 225
Weights and Measures (English) ........................................... 225
Prefixes .................................................................................. 225
Weights and Measures (Metric)............................................. 226
Time and Temperature........................................................... 226
Physics and Chemistry........................................................... 226
Mathematics and Statistics..................................................... 227

CHAPTER .................................................................228
INVENTIONS, DISCOVERIES, BRANCHES OF SCIENCE &
FATHERS OF SCIENCE...................................................228
Branches of Science.......................................................... 228
Scientific Instruments ....................................................... 233
Notable Inventions & Discoveries .................................... 237
Important Theories & Laws of Science ............................ 244
Fathers of science.............................................................. 245
CHAPTER .................................................................247
COMMONLY USED SCIENTIFIC TERMS .......................247
Study River Academy for CSS PMS Everyday Science (Objective)

CHAPTER ...............................................................278
TIMELINE OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES, INVENTIONS &
THEORIES ......................................................................278
CHAPTER ...............................................................289
MUSLIM SCIENTISTS, DISCOVERIES, INVENTIONS,
INSTRUMENTS & BRANCHES OF SCIENCE MCQS ......289
CHAPTER ...............................................................316
SCIENTIFIC ABBREVIATIONS .......................................316
CHAPTER ...............................................................324
CCE PAST PAPERS .......................................................324
Sindh Public Service Commission, Hyderabad Screening
Test for Combined Competitive Examination, 2019 ........ 324
Sindh Public Service Commission, Hyderabad Screening
Test for Combined Competitive Examination, 2020 ........ 327
Sindh Public Service Commission, Hyderabad Screening
Test for Combined Competitive Examination, 2021 ........ 331
CHAPTER ...............................................................335
PUNJAB PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION PMS GK PAST
PAPERS ..........................................................................335
GK PMS 2005................................................................... 335
GK PMS 2016................................................................... 337
GK PMS 2018................................................................... 345
GK PMS 2019................................................................... 350
GK PMS 2019 (Ministerial Quota)................................... 356
GK PMS 2020................................................................... 359
CHAPTER ...............................................................363
FPSC CSS EVERYDAY SCIENCE PAST PAPERS ..........363
Study River Academy for CSS PMS Everyday Science (Objective)

FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1973 ................ 363

FPSCCompetitive Examination CSS 1975 ................. 363
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1978 ................ 364
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1981 ................ 365
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1982 ................ 367
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1983 ................ 368
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1984 ................ 371
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1985 ................ 372
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1986 ................ 373
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1987 ................ 375
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1988 ................ 378
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1989 ................ 379
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1990 ................ 380
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1991 ................ 383
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1992 ................ 386
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1993 ................ 388
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1994 ................ 390
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1995 ................ 393
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1996 ................ 396
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1997 ................ 399
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1998 ................ 403
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 1999 ................ 405
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2000 ................ 407
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2001 ................ 409
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2002 ................ 411
Study River Academy for CSS PMS Everyday Science (Objective)

FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2003 ................ 416

FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2004 ................ 420
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2005 ................ 425
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2006 ................ 430
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2007 ................ 435
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2009 ................ 435
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2010 ................ 442
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2011 ................ 448
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2012 ................ 454
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2013 ................ 461
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2014 ................ 467
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2015 ................ 472
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2016 ................ 477
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2017 ................ 479
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2018 ................ 482
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2019 ................ 484
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2020 ................ 486
FPSC Competitive Examination CSS 2021 ................ 488
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 1 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

ASTRONOMY & GEOGRAPHY

ONE LINERS
1. Equinox (equal nights) means the equal duration of day & night.
This occurs twice each year, around 21st March and 23
September.
2. 1-hour difference in local time between two places is 15-degree
longitude.
3. 23.5-degree Latitude to north is tropic of cancer and towards
south is tropic of Capricorn.
4. Isobar is the lines joining places of equal air pressure on a map.
5. Isohyets are lines joining places of equal rainfall over a period.
6. Isotherms are lines of equal temperature.
7. Spring tide (the highest tides) occurs when earth, moon and sun
are in straight line.
8. Isthmus is a narrow land strip separating two water bodies and
connecting two land bodies.
9. Smaller tides, called neap tides, are formed when the earth, sun
and moon form a right angle.
10. International dateline lies along 180 meridian.
11. Stages of c
anthracite.
12. The Equator is the only east-west line that is a great circle. All
other parallels (lines of latitude) get smaller as you get near the
poles.
13. Earth revolves in its orbit almost 1 per day.
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 7 Everyday Science (Obj.)

95. The gas giants in our solar system are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and

to walk on them.
96. Throughout the years of space travel humans have left a lot of
trash i
that there are 27,000 pieces of space junk in orbit today.
97. A single day on Venus is almost longer than a single Earth year.
It takes 243 Earth days for Venus to complete one orbit that would
be a day.
98. Dwarf stars can live for trillions of years before they fade.
However, larger stars that are around a hundred times bigger
than the Sun only last a few million years.
99.
known as small solar system bodies, these include comets,
asteroids, and other small bodies.
100. The phases of the Moon are: New Moon, Crescent, First Quarter,
Waxing Gibbous, Full Moon, Waning Gibbous, Last Quarter,
Crescent, New Moon

ASTRONOMY & GEOGRAPHY MCQS

1. The speed of light is equal to 3 x I0 8 m/s. What will be the
distance of a star from which light takes nearly four years to
reach the earth?
(a) 3.78 x 1016 metres (b) 4.00 x 1016 metres
(c) 4.00 x 1024 metres (d) 3.00 x 1024 metres
2. In the year 14,000 A.D. due to the earth's precession, the axis of
rotation of earth will point towards
(a) Proxima centauri (b) Pole star
(c) Vega (d) None of the above
3. What is the mass of the Sun?
(a) 1 x l030 kg (b) 2 x 1030 kg

One light year is equal to 9.46 1015m So 4 multiply by 9.46 1015m is equal to
3.78 1016m
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 28 Everyday Science (Obj.)

116. b 117. a 118. a 119. d 120. c

121. a 122. b 123. c 124. a 125. a
126. b 127. b 128. c 129. a 130. b
131. c 132. d 133. a 134. b 135. a
136. c 137. c 138. b 139. a 140. a
141. c 142. b 143. c 144. d 145. c
146. c 147. c 148. c 149. c 150. b
151. b 152. a 153. d 154. a 155. a
156. b 157. b 158. c 159. d 160. a
161. b 162. c 163. a 164. a 165. c
166. a 167. d 168. b 169. d 170. a
171. d 172. a 173. a 174. c 175. c
176. b 177. d 178. a 179. c 180. c
181. a 182. b 183. d 184. b 185. d
186. a 187. a 188. a 189. a 190. b
191. a 192. c 193. a 194. b 195. a
196. c 197. b 198. c 199. b 200. c

PRACTICE EXERCISE
1. What is the name of the largest ocean on earth?
2.
3. Which is hotter, the centre of the earth or surface of the sun?
4. What do you call molten rock before it has erupted?
5. Slowest revolving planet is?
6. What do you call a person who studies rocks?
7. Name the three time periods of the dinosaurs.
8. Makemake is a ______.
9. What is the name of the deepest location on Earth?
10. Over a long period of time while under extreme heat and
pressure, graphite turns into which precious mineral?
11. Which is the largest desert in the world?
12. The gemstone ruby is typically of which colour?
13. What is the name of the highest mountain on earth?
14. Icicle-shaped formation that hang from the ceiling of limestone
caves is called?
15. 'Cascade', 'horsetail', 'plunge' and 'tiered' are types of what?
16. Someone who studies earthquakes is known as a what?
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 31 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ONE LINERS
1. LDL is called bad cholesterol and HDL is called good cholesterol.
2. Normal blood sugar level in body is 120mg/dl (70 to 150 are
considered normal).
3. Average mass of proton is 1.67 x 10 -27 kg and of electron is
9.1 x 10-31 kg.
4. Eye is filled with two liquids called vitreous humor and aqueous
humor.
5. Human finger bones are called Phalanges.
6. Water in human body is 65% to 75% of human body weight.
7. Clavicle is the collar bone and scapula is the shoulder bone and
Sternum is the chest bone.
8. There are 27 Bones in hand, 26 in feet while arm has 30 and leg
has 29 number of bones.
9. Ulna, radius and Humerus are the bones of forearm.
10. Carpal are 8 small bones of wrist while Tarsal is present in ankle
bone.
11. Femur, patella (kneecap), tibia and fibula are bones of lower
limbs.
12. Femur (thigh bone) is the longest bone of body.
13. Total no of muscles in body are 630 (approximately).
14. Chemically fingernails are made of protein called keratin.
15. Smallest bone is stirrup in the ear and smallest muscle is
Stapedius in ear.
16. The part of small intestine that joins large intestine is colon.
17. Most abundant element in human body is oxygen.
18. Muscles are held to the bones by tendons.
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 40 Everyday Science (Obj.)

BIOLOGY MCQS SET -I

1. Which of the following vitamins is associated with coagulation of
blood?
(a) Vitamin A (b) Vitamin B
(c) Vitamin E (d) Vitamin K
2. What is the normal rate of heart beat in human beings?
(a) 32 times per min. (b) 42 times per min.
(c) 62 times per min. (d) 72 times per min.
3. Universal blood donor belongs to the blood group
(a) A (b) B
(c) AB (d) O
4. Which of the following is entirely a plant product?
(a) Lac (b) Resin
(c) Agar-Agar (d) Latex
5. In animals, the principal role of Vitamin E is
(a) Respiration (b) Antioxident
(c) Digestion (d) Transpiration
6. Hereditary disorders are the result of
(a) Defective DNA molecules (b) Lack of vitamin E
(c) Defective RNA molecules (d) None of these
7. Which of the following is not a vitamin?
(a) Trypsin (b) Ascorbic add
(c) Riboflavin (d) Niacin amide
8. Which of the following are the Rabi crops?
(a) Wheat, Rice, Mustard (b) Rice, Maize, Groundnut
(c) Wheat, Barley, Mustard (d) Barley, Mustard, Groundnut
9. Which of the following is produced by pancreas?
(a) Oxytocin (b) Calcitonin
(c) Insulin (d) Estrogen
10. Insulin is secreted by
(a) Pancreas (b) Liver
(c) Pituitary (d) Thyroid
11. Mitochondria is also called
(a) Power house of the cell (b) Cytoplasm
(c) Centrosome (d) Plasma lemma
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 80 Everyday Science (Obj.)

146. b 147. d 148. b 149. d 150. d

151. a 152. d 153. d 154. b 155. b
156. a 157. b 158. b 159. b 160. b
161. a 162. c 163. a 164. c 165. b
166. c 167. a 168. c 169. b 170. d
171. c 172. a 173. a 174. b 175. d
176. c 177. c 178. a 179. b 180. c
181. d 182. b 183. d 184. d 185. b
186. b 187. d 188. b 189. b 190. b
191. b 192. d 193. a 194. b 195. a
196. c 197. b 198. a 199. c 200. d

PRACTICE EXERCISE
1. What is the name of the biggest part of the human brain?
2. The coloured part of the human eye that controls how much light
passes through the pupil is called the ______?
3. What is the name of the substance that gives skin and hair its
pigment?
4. The muscles found in the front of our thighs are known as ____?
5. The two chambers at the bottom of our heart are called ______.
6. What substance are nails made of?
7.
8. The innermost layer of the Eye is called?
9. An adult human body has around ____ 500 bones.
10. How many cells does the human body have?
11. Most common color Blindness is _____?
12. Which is the largest molecule in nature?
13. The total number of vertebrates in human are?
14. Lose of smell is called?
15. Technical name of Covid-19 is?
16. What is Moderna?
17. What is the name of the long pipe that shifts food from the back
of our throat down to our stomach?
18. There are how many total strains of human corona virus?
19. The outside layer of skin on the human body is called?
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 83 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
ONE LINERS
1. Environment can be defined as a sum total of all the living and non-
living elements and their effects that influence human life. The
environment consists of four segments as under:
2. Atmosphere: The atmosphere implies the protective blanket of
gases, surrounding the earth
3. Hydrosphere: The Hydrosphere comprises all types of water
resources oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, streams, reserviour, polar
icecaps, glaciers, and ground water.
4. Lithosphere: Lithosphere is the outer mantle of the solid earth. It
consists o
minerals, organic matter, air and water.
5. Biosphere: Biosphere indicates the realm of living organisms and
their interactions with environment, viz atmosphere, hydrosphere
and lithosphere.
6. Environment is constituted by the interacting systems of physical,
biological and cultural elements inter-related in various ways,
individually as well as collectively. These elements may be
explained as under:
a. Physical elements are as space, landforms, water bodies,
climate soils, rocks and minerals.
b. Biological elements such as plants, animals, microorganisms
and men constitute the biosphere.
c. Cultural elements such as economic, social and political
elements are essentially manmade features, which make
cultural milieu.
7. Structure of the environment: Environment is both physical and
biological. It includes both living and non-living components. As
such, the three basic of physical environment may be termed as
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 93 Everyday Science (Obj.)

97. A carbon footprint is the amount of carbon emitted by the actions of

a person, group, household, organization, or activity over a given
time period, primarily due to the consumption of fossil fuels.
98. Climate adaptation means adjusting to the current and expected
impacts of climate change.
99. Climate mitigation means reducing or stabilizing the level of
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
100.Sulfur hexafluoride has a greatest warming potential as a green
house gas.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE MCQS

1. Most stable ecosystem is
(a) Forest (b) Desert
(c) Ocean (d) Mountain
2. Which of the following statement about the forest is not correct
(a) Forest reduces soil erosion
(b) Provides recreational opportunities
(c) Provides economic development
(d) None of the above
3. Lignite, bituminous and anthracite are different types of
(a) Nuclear fuel (b) Coal
(c) Natural gas (d) Biogas
4. Which of the following is the example of impact of development
activities on hydrosphere?
(a) Air pollution (b) Soil pollution
(c) Noise pollution (d) Water pollution
5. Study of trends in human population growth and prediction of
future growth is called
(a) Demography (b) Biography
(c) Paleography (d) Psychology
6. Which of the following is not a method of water conservation?
(a) rain water harvesting (b) ground water extraction
(c) improving irrigation efficiency
(d) avoiding water wastage
7. Formation of ozone is
(a) oxidation reaction (b) reduction reaction
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 104 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

NATURAL HAZARDS & DISASTERS

ONE LINERS
1. A physical event, such as a volcanic eruption, that does not affect
human beings is a natural phenomenon but not a natural hazard. A
natural phenomenon that occurs in a populated area is a hazardous
event.
2. A hazardous event that causes unacceptably large numbers of
fatalities and/or overwhelming property damage is a natural
disaster.
3. Natural hazards can be:
a. Geophysical: a hazard originating from solid earth (such as
earthquakes, landslides and volcanic activity)
b. Hydrological: caused by the occurrence, movement and
distribution of water on earth (such as floods and avalanches)
c. Climatological: relating to the climate (such as droughts and
wildfires)
d. Meteorological: relating to weather conditions (such as
cyclones and storms)
e. Biological: caused by exposure to living organisms and their
toxic substances or diseases they may carry (such as disease
epidemics and insect/animal plagues)
4. The largest recorded earthquake in the world was a magnitude 9.5
(Mw) in Chile on May 22, 1960.
5.
central China. It struck a region where most people lived in caves
carved from soft rock. These dwellings collapsed during the
earthquake, killing an estimated 830,000 people.
6. On October 8, 2005, at 8:50, 7.6 magnitude earthquake struck the
Himalayan region of northern Pakistan and Kashmir.
7. John Milne: Father of Modern Seismology.
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 110 Everyday Science (Obj.)

68.
known as Tornado Alley. Stretching from west Texas to North
Dakota, this area can see more than 200 tornadoes each year!
69.
70.
known as Tornado Alley. Stretching from west Texas to North
Dakota, this area can see more than 200 tornadoes each year!
71.
72. Extratropical cyclone, also called wave cyclone or midlatitude
cyclone is a type of storm system formed in middle or high latitudes,
in regions of large horizontal temperature variations called frontal
zones.
73. Mid-latitude cyclones form in winter in the mid-latitudes and move
eastward with the westerly winds.
74. These two- to five-day storms can reach 1,000 to 2,500 km (625 to
1,600 miles) in diameter and produce winds up to 125 km (75 miles)
per hour.
75. Richter magnitude scale was developed by Charles Francis Richter
in 1935.

NATURAL HAZARDS & DISASTERS MCQS

1. An active volcano Mauna Loa is located in:
(a) Hawaii, USA (b) Brazil
(c) Japan (d) None of the above
2. Which of the following diseases appeared as public health
concern in the last quarter of 20th century
(a) HIV (b) Ebola virus
(c) Escherichia coli O157:H7 (d) All of the above
3. A disease that becomes unusually widespread and even global
in its reach is referred to as
(a) Pandemic (b) Spanish flu
(c) Hyperendemic (d) Epidemic
4. Tornado Alley is located in:
(a) Canada (b) Australia
(c) Europe (d) USA
5. Which of the following volcanoes is known for its most
destructive volcanic eruption in recorded history
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 121 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
ONE LINERS
1. A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or
data. It can store, retrieve, and process data. Computer is composed
of hardware and software and can exist in a variety of sizes and
configurations.
2. The content of the human mind can be classified into four categories:
a. Data: unorganized raw facts, figures, and symbols
b. Information: data that are processed to be useful; provides
answers to "who", "what", "where", and "when" questions
c. Knowledge: application of data and information; answers
"how" questions
d. Wisdom: evaluated understanding.
3. We need to understand that processing data produced Information
and processed Information produces Knowledge and so on.
4. The term hardware refers to the physical components of your
computer such as the system unit, mouse, keyboard, monitor etc.
5. Computer input is called data and the output obtained after

6. Input Output Interfaces are the processors which convert the data
input by the user into a form which can be understood by the
computer and also convert output generated by the computer into a
human readable form. Data can be entered in the computer directly
i.e. online or after first preparing it and entering later i.e. offline. The
various input devices are:
a. Punched cards: data is first recorded into these cards using
standard codes and then fed to the computer with a card punch
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 129 Everyday Science (Obj.)

49. Electromagnetic Waves carry the electromagnetic energy of

electromagnetic field through space. Electromagnetic Waves include
Rays), X Rays, Ultraviolet Rays, Visible Light,
Infrared Rays, Microwave Rays and Radio Waves. Electromagnetic
Waves (usually Radio Waves) are used in wireless communication
to carry the signals.
50. A data network is a digital telecommunications network that allows
shared information between nodes or devices. There are two main
types: LAN and WAN
a. LAN: A local area network is a group of computers that share
a common line or link. Examples might include several
computers within one company.
b. WAN: Wide area networks are similar, but connect more than
one group of computers across a large geographical area.
Examples include school district networks.

COMPUTING HISTORY
3000 B.C. The abacus is invented in Babylonia.
1613
1612-16 John Napier uses the printed decimal point, devises
logarithms, and uses numbered sticks, or Napiers Bones, for
calculating.
1642-16 Blaise Pascal creates a gear-driven adding machine called the

1666 In England, Samuel Morland produces a mechanical

calculator that can add and subtract.
1703 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz invents the Binary System
1801 A linked sequence of punched cards controls the weaving of
patterns in Joseph-
1777 The third Earl of Stanhope invents a multiplying calculator.
1786
funds to build it.
1820
principle, is demonstrated to the French Academy of Science.
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 134 Everyday Science (Obj.)

1978 Wordstar is introduced and goes on to become a widely used

word processor
1981 The first IBM personal computer, code-named "Acorn," is
introduced. It uses Microsoft's MS-DOS operating system. It
has an Intel chip, two floppy disks and an optional color
monitor.
1984 The CD-ROM, introduced by Sony and Philips, provides
significantly greater storage capacity for digital data.
1994 Tim Berners Lee Invented the WWW (World Wide Web).
1996 Sergey Brin and Larry Page develop the Google search engine
at Stanford University.
2004 Facebook, a social networking site, launches.
2005 YouTube, a video sharing service, is founded.
2005 Google acquires Android, a Linux-based mobile phone
operating system.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MCQS

1. Name the Java program that can be embedded in a web page.
System files and serial devices can be called or used by this Java
program?
(a) Oracle (b) Applet
(c) DOS (d) Pascal
2. Files such as Microsoft Word, MacWrite, Macpaint, etc give the
computers instructions which provide tools to the user to
accomplish a task. What these files are called?
(a) Basics (b) Application
(c) Beginners (d) MS-DOS
3. Term the structure and organization of a computer's hardware,
or system software, including items such as the CPU type, bus
type, etc?
(a) Engineering (b) Assembling
(c) Architecture (d) Formation
4. What is ASCII
(a) American School Code for Information Interchange.
(b) American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 157 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

PHYSICS & CHEMISTRY

ONE LINERS
1. Sound travels fast in water than in air. Speed of sound in water
1500 m/s and in air 342 m/s.
2. Diamond is the hardest substance known to man.
3. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe.
4. The deepest part of the ocean is 35,813 feet (10,916 meters) deep
and occurs in the Mariana trench in the Pacific Ocean.
5. The first electronic digital computer (called ENIAC - the electronic
numerical integrator and calculator) was developed in 1946 and
contained over 18,000 vacuum tubes.
6. The blue whale can produce sounds up to 188 decibels. This is the
loudest sound produced by a living animal detected so far
7. Sunlight takes about 8 minutes & 20 seconds to reach the earth at
186,282 miles/sec or 299,792 km/sec speed.
8. Most elastic among carbon, rubber, glass and paper is glass.
9. Quartz is chemically silicon dioxide.
10. Vinegar contains acetic acid.
11. Lightest element found in nature is Hydrogen and lightest metal
is Lithium.
12. Molasses is a by-product of sugar industry.
13. Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food.
14. The metal known as quick silver is mercury.
15. Ethylene is a gas concerned with ripening of fruits.
16. Dry ice is solid Carbon dioxide.
17. Magnetite and Hematite are iron ores.
18. The important ore of Chromium is Chromite.
19. Diaspore, feldspar and bauxite are the ores of Aluminium.
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 161 Everyday Science (Obj.)

PHYSICS & CHEMISTRY MCQS

SET-I
1. Which of the following devices is needed for converting
alternating current into direct current?
(a) Dynamo (b) Rectifier
(c) Transformer (d) Transducer
2. The lustre of diamond is due to
(a) Reflection (b) Total internal reflection
(c) Refraction (d) Dispersion
3. A plant with green leaves placed in red light will appear
(a) Black (b) Green
(c) Red (d) Violet
4. Which of the followings electromagnetic radiation
(a) X-rays (b) Electrons
(c) Ultrasonic (d) Protons
5. The common refrigerant used in the domestic refrigerator is
(a) Neon (b) Freon
(c) Spirit (d) None of these
6. A fuse wire is characterized by
(a) High resistance and high melting point
(b) Low resistance and high melting point
(c) High resistance and low melting point
(d) Low resistance and low melting point
7. Who said, 'A body will remain at rest unless an external force
acts on the body'?
(a) Newton (b) Einstein
(c) Archimedes (d) Galileo
8. Which metal is commonly used as an electromagnet?
(a) Copper (b) Iron
(c) Nickel (d) Cobalt
9. When ice melts in a beaker of water, the level of water in the
beaker will
(a) Increase (b) Decrease
(c) Remain the same
(d) First increase and then decrease
10. Which of the following cannot be further subdivided?
(a) Atom (b) Molecules
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 202 Everyday Science (Obj.)

106. a 107. a 108. a 109. b 110. a

111. a 112. b 113. c 114. c 115. a
116. c 117. c 118. b 119. c 120. b
121. a 122. a 123. c 124. d 125. b
126. d 127. b 128. c 129. b 130. a
131. c 132. b 133. c 134. a 135. d
136. b 137. d 138. b 139. b 140. a
141. a 142. d 143. c 144. c 145. b
146. c 147. a 148. b 149. b 150. a
151. c 152. c 153. d 154. d 155. c
156. a 157. d 158. a 159. b 160. c
161. d 162. a 163. c 164. b 165. d
166. c 167. c 168. b 169. c 170. b
171. b 172. b 173. a 174. c 175. c
176. a 177. c 178. d 179. b 180. d
181. c 182. a 183. b 184. d 185. a
186. b 187. a 188. c 189. c 190. b
191. c 192. c 193. b 194. c 195. c
196. b 197. b 198. a 199. d 200. a

PRACTICE EXERCISE
1. When light bends as it enters a different medium the process is
known as?
2. A magnifying glass is what type of lens?
3. Electric resistance is typically measured in which unit?
4. A person who studies Rocks is known as a?
5. Electric power is typically measured in what units?
6. The most recognized model of how the universe begun is known
as the?
7. Who is the Invertor of Hubble Space Telescope?
8. Infrared light has a wavelength range _____?
9. What kind of eclipse do we have when the moon is between the
sun and the earth?
10.
11. Electric current is typically measured in which units?
12. Which scientist is known for his theory of relativity?
13. Earth is located in which galaxy?
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 208 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

IMPORTANT TABLES & CHARTS

IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT EARTH
Equatorial radius 6,378 km
Polar Radius 6357 km
Mass 5.97×10 24 kg
Average density 5.52 g/cm3
Rotational period 23 hrs, 56 minutes and 04
seconds
Orbital period (Revolution) 1 year
Average distance from the Sun 150 million km or 93 million
miles
Perihelion 147 million km
Aphelion 153 million km
78% N, 21% O2
Shape of Earth Oblate Spherioid or ellipsoid
Diameter (At Equator) 12756 km
(At The Poles) 12713 km
(Difference 43 km)
Circumference (at equator) 40075 km
(at poles) 40008 km
(Difference 67 km)
Total water area 70.92 %
Approximate age of earth 4500 million years (4.5bn)
Highest point, Mt Everest 8848 m above sea level
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 228 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

INVENTIONS, DISCOVERIES, BRANCHES OF

SCIENCE & FATHERS OF SCIENCE
BRANCHES OF SCIENCE
Acoustics science of sound
Aerobiology study of airborne organisms
Aerodynamics dynamics of gases
Aerology study of the atmosphere
Aeronautics science of navigation through air or space
Agronomics science of productivity of land
Agrostology science or study of grasses
Algology study of algae
Anatomy study of the structure of the body
Anemology study of winds
Angiology study of blood flow and lymphatic system
Anthropology study of human cultures
Apiology study of bees
Arachnology study of spiders
Archaeology study of human material remains
Astrology study of influence of stars on people
Astronomy study of celestial bodies
Audiology study of hearing
Autecology study of ecology of one species
Avionics the science of electronic devices for aircraft
Bacteriology study of bacteria
Bibliology study of books
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 247 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

COMMONLY USED SCIENTIFIC TERMS

The lowest temperature theoretically obtainable
Absolute Zero equivalent to 273.15 degrees Celsius or minus
459.67 degrees Fahrenheit or zero kelvin.
Absolute Error is the amount of error in your
measurements. It is the difference between the
Absolute Error
scale states 90 pounds but you know your true weight
is 89 pounds, then the scale has an absolute error of
90 lbs 89 lbs = 1 lbs.
A chemical substance that contains hydrogen, and
Acid which has sour taste, turns blue litmus paper red and
has a ph of less than 7; it forms salts with alkalis
The rain formed when gases such as Sulphur dioxide
Acid Rain and oxides of nitrogen dissolve in rainwater and form
corresponding acids. It has ph below 5.6
An aerosol is a suspension of fine solid particles or
liquid droplets in air or another gas. Examples of
Aerosol natural aerosols are fog or mist, dust, forest exudates,
and geyser steam. Examples of anthropogenic
aerosols are particulate air pollutants and smoke.
A chemical substance that has a bitter taste, turns red
Alkali litmus paper blue, has a pH of more than 7, and
forms salts with acids. It is also called a base.
An electric current which reverses its direction of
Alternating
flow in regular cycles and changes its magnitude
Current
continuously with time in contrast to direct current.
An instrument used to measure height above sea
Altimeter
level
Annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon is
Annular Solar
farther away and is not able to completely block the
Eclipse
light. This results in a ring of light around the Moon.
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 278 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

TIMELINE OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES,

INVENTIONS & THEORIES
The Timeline below shows the date of major inventions, discoveries and
publication of major scientific theories. This will help the students to
retain things in a better way. In many cases, the discovery spanned
several years, therefore exact year is not mentioned.
Democritus (465 First to propose that matter exists in the form of
B.C.) particles. Coined the term 'atoms.'
Zacharias Janssen Janssen invented the first compound
(1580-1638) microscope in 1595.
Johannes Kepler
Laws of planetary motion
1609
John Napier 1614 Use of logarithms for calculation
William Harvey
Blood circulation
1628
Robert Hooke Hooke's work around his law of elasticity led to
(1635-1703) the invention of the balance spring in 1660
Formulated the fundamental gas laws. First to
Sir Robert Boyle propose the combination of small particles to
(1637 1691) form molecules. Differentiated between
compounds and mixtures.
Evangelista
Invented the mercury barometer.
Torricelli (1643)
Otto von
Constructed the first vacuum pump.
Guericke (1645)
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek improved the
microscope in 1664. The single lens microscope
Leeuwenhoek
he built could magnify >200x, which was a
(1632-1723)
significant improvement of the microscope as
the previous ones could only magnify 20-30x.
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 289 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

MUSLIM SCIENTISTS, DISCOVERIES,

INVENTIONS, INSTRUMENTS & BRANCHES
OF SCIENCE MCQS
1. Who is the father of algebra?
(a) Al Haytham (b) AI Khwarizmi
(c) Al Beriuni (d) None
2. Omar Khayyam was:
(a) Poet (b) Mathematician
(c) Astronomer (d) All of these
3. Who was an astronomer claiming, earth revolve on its own axis?
(a) Nasirudin Tosi (b) Omar Khayyam
(c) Al Khwarizmi (d) Al Biruni
4. Ahmad Zewail got Nobel Prize in 1999 in _____?
(a) Chemistry (b) Femto chemistry
(c) Nuclear physics (d) Botany
5. Jabir bin Hayyan is famous as:
(a) Father of algebra (b) Father of physics
(c) Father of Chemistry (d) None
6. Who discovered hydrochloric acid?
(a) Avicenna (b) Lovisor
(c) Jabbir- bin Hayyan (d) Lewis
7. Al Idresi is famous for his work in:
(a) Measuring mass of earth (b) Mapping of earth
(c) Polar measurement (d) Equator
8. Scientist famous for work on lens mirror, reflection .& refraction:
(a) Al Haytham (b) Al Razi
(c) Al Zahrawi (d) None of them
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 316 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

SCIENTIFIC ABBREVIATIONS
a.m. Ante Meridiem (before noon)
AC Alternating Current
ACTH Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone
ADH Antidiuretic Hormone
ADP Adenosine diphosphate.
Automatic Data processing
AGR Advanced Gas-Cooled Reactor
AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit
AM Amplitude Modulation
AMP Adenosine monophosphate
ATM Asynchcssronous Transfer Mode/ Automated Teller
Machine
ATP Adenosine triphosphate
AU Astronomical Unit
AVO Ampere Volt Ohm Meter
METER
AWACS Airborne Warning and Control System
AZT Azido-Thymidine (AIDS Drug)
BASIC Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
BC Before the Christian era or before Christ
BCE before the Common Era
BCG Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (tuberculosis
vaccine)
BMI Body Mass Index
BMR Basal Metabolic Rate
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 323 Everyday Science (Obj.)

PAST PAPERS
CCE SINDH, GK PMS, CSS
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 324 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

CCE PAST PAPERS

SINDH PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION, HYDERABAD
SCREENING TEST FOR COMBINED COMPETITIVE
EXAMINATION, 2019
Note: It contains the questions related to Everyday Science and Ability
only asked in the said paper.
1. Find the odd one out in given series: 51, 64, 121, 144, 256
(a) 51 (b) 121
(c) 144 (d) 256
2. USB a device used to carry data from one computer or a laptop to
another stands for:
(a) Universal system Bytes
(b) Universal secure bus
(c) Unidirectional saving bus (d) Universal Serial Bus
3. Complete the analogy: 144 : 23 :: 169 : ______?
(a) 32 (b) 64
(c) 24 (d) None of these
4. Nephrons are a part of:
(a) Kidneys (b) Liver
(c) Lungs (d) Heart
5. Find out the missing in the following patters. 12, 14, 10, 16, ______,
18, 6, 20, 4
(a) 6 (b) 8
(c) 12 (d) 14
6. How much percentage of total water on the Earth is stored in
oceans?
(a) 75% (b) 70%
(c) 90% (d) 97%
7. WMD, stands for:
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 335 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

PUNJAB PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION

PMS GK PAST PAPERS
GK PMS 2005
Note: It contains the questions related to Everyday Science and Ability
only asked in the said paper.
1. Earth takes about ______ to complete one rotation around its axis.
(a) 48 hours (b) 24 hours
(c) One month (d) None of these
2. When a gas turns into a liquid, the process is called ______.
(a) Deposition (b) Evaporation
(c) Condensation (d) None of these
3. Yeast used in making of bread is a ______.
(a) Fungus (b) Plant
(c) Bacteria (d) None of these
4. The disease diphtheria affects the ______ in the human body.
(a) Kidneys (b) Throat
(c) Intestines (d) None of these
5. LED technology is energy-efficient. What does LED stand for?
(a) Low Energy Date (b) Light Emitting Diode
(c) Low Energy Diode (d) None of these
6. Which of the following is not necessary for standalone computer?
(a) RAM (b) LAN Card
(c) Operating System (d) None of these
7. Pedagogy is the science of:
(a) Children diseases (b) Languages
(c) Teaching (d) None of these
8. Epistemology is the study of:
(a) Knowledge (b) Insects
Study River Academy for CSS PMS 363 Everyday Science (Obj.)

CHAPTER

FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION

CSS EVERYDAY SCIENCE PAST PAPERS
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION CSS 1973
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE, PAPER-1 (EVERY DAY
SCIENCE)
Q.14: In which parts of the world are the following found:
(i) Chamois (ii) Elk (iii) Llama
(iv) Moose (v) Reindeer
Ans.
(i) Chamois is found in Western Europe and Asia.
(ii) Elk is found in north Europe Siberia and Amer.
(iii) Llama is found in South America.
(iv) Moose is found in America & Canada.
(v) Reindeer is found in Northern Europe &Russia.

FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION

COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION CSS 1975
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE, PAPER-1 (EVERY DAY
SCIENCE)
Q.8: Name the parts of the world with which the following
birds are associated:
(i) Apteryx (ii) Dodo (iii) Emu
(iv) Ostrich (v) Penguin
Ans.
 MIAN SHAFIQ (CSP)
Mr. Mian Shafiq is a renowned Mentor and a CSP officer. He is Australian
Awards Alumni and did his Masters in Information Systems from
University of Melbourne, Australia. Lately, he works in the department of
the Auditor General of Pakistan. He has been teaching CSS students since
2008 and authored 3 books on General Science and Ability with 70k+
copies sold so far.
Ms. Rabbia Saher, co-author of the book is working as a lecturer in UET
Lahore. She is also an Australian Alumnus.
Mr. Mian Shafiq has pioneered an educational institution - Study River -
with a vision to keep abreast CSS, PMS aspirants with the global shift
towards online education. Students from all over Pakistan can learn
different subjects online and on-campus. Study River is using
state-of-the-art online tools and methodologies to instill knowledge in
students. Study River LMS is a complete package for learning and
assessment.
This book is a masterpiece to cover MCQs part of all competitive exams
related to Everyday Science. After reading this book students can easily

.•, ...
score 80+ marks in Science part. We wish you all of the best of luck.

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