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Business Plan

This document provides a marketing plan for Tesfa Bakery, a proposed bakery business in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. The plan outlines the bakery's mission to offer high quality bakery products at competitive prices to meet local demand. It discusses the bakery's products, market analysis, organizational structure, financial projections, and 3-year sales and profit forecasts. The 6 partners aim to open the bakery with an initial investment of 383,000 ETB and expect to repay loans within 2 years.

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Mesud Gemechu
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
456 views46 pages

Business Plan

This document provides a marketing plan for Tesfa Bakery, a proposed bakery business in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. The plan outlines the bakery's mission to offer high quality bakery products at competitive prices to meet local demand. It discusses the bakery's products, market analysis, organizational structure, financial projections, and 3-year sales and profit forecasts. The 6 partners aim to open the bakery with an initial investment of 383,000 ETB and expect to repay loans within 2 years.

Uploaded by

Mesud Gemechu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 46

Dire Dawa University

College of Business and Economics


Department of Management

Marketing Management

Group Assignment on Tesfa Bakery Marketing Plan

Bachelor Degree in Regular Program

Group Members Name ID Number


1. Mistre Aklilu DDU1202785
2. Mohammed Abdile DDU1202796
3. Muluken Melkamu DDU1203193
4. Murad Jamal DDU1203204
5. Natinael Wasanuu DDU1202833
6. Nuri Abe DDU1202868

Submitted To: Mr. Endale M


Submission Date: 19/04/2021
Dire-Dawa, ETHIOPIA
Table of Contents page
1. Executive Summary.......................................................................................................4
2. Introduction....................................................................................................................5
2.1The business..............................................................................................................5
2.2 Products and Services...............................................................................................6
2.3 The Market...............................................................................................................6

2.4 Economic and Social Benefit...................................................................................7


2.5 Financial Considerations..........................................................................................7
3 BUSSINESS PROFIL.....................................................................................................8
3.1 Objectives.................................................................................................................8
3.2 Business Mission......................................................................................................8
3.3 Business vision.........................................................................................................8
3.4 Core Values:.............................................................................................................8

3.6 Business Ownership...............................................................................................10


3.7 Business History....................................................................................................10
4.0 SITUATION ANALYSIS..........................................................................................13
4.1 SWOT Analysis......................................................................................................13
5 Production plan............................................................................................................14
5.1 Future Products.......................................................................................................15
6 Market plan and Analysis..............................................................................................15

6.1 Market Segmentation..............................................................................................17


6.2 Target Market Segment Strategy............................................................................17
6.3 Service Business Analysis......................................................................................17
6.4 Competition and Buying Patterns...........................................................................18
6.5 Strategy and Implementation..................................................................................18
7 Human resources Business and its Management plan................................................19
7.1 Management Team.................................................................................................21
7.2 Personnel Plan........................................................................................................21
8 Financial analysis..........................................................................................................22
8.1 Financial Plan.........................................................................................................23
8.2 Break-even Analysis...............................................................................................24
8.3  Sale forecast...........................................................................................................26
9 Appendix.......................................................................................................................27
Table 4: Business Profit and Loss...............................................................................27
Table 5 Business cash flow..........................................................................................32
Table 6: Balance sheet..................................................................................................31
Modern Bakery Marketing Plan
1. Executive Summary
We are TESFA, an innovative retail bakery in Marmarsa, aims to offer high quality
bakery products at a competitive price to meet the demand of the middle- to higher-
income households, school, café and restaurant, and others. We will sell freshly baked
breads and desserts made from the highest grade of ingredients, filling the Dire-Dawa
area’s need for a classic bakery what will make our business stand out in the baked
goods industry is our drive to let the customers be inspired through their own designed
creations. In our store, located conveniently on the bypass, we will have specified
stations with our fun and easy-to-use design tablets for the customers to fashion their
own cakes or cupcakes, which then our bakers will create for them.
TESFA values having great customer service, keeping up-to-date with technology to
remain as competitive and customer friendly as possible, and contributing to the local
community through non-profit organizations, like clinic, education, through donating
our two day-old baked goods among other things.
We believe that we are coming into the retail bakery industry at an optimal time. There
are no bakery shops near the Dire-Dawa town Marmarsa, giving us a big break into the
industry. The only competition TESFA predicts to have is the bakery sections are some
producers of bread at Dire-Dawa town, which are on either ends of town. These big two
will be our greatest threat. Fortunately, the economy has not hurt bakeries.
Our target market will be the higher end of middle class workers and above, however
effort will be made to give lower incomes opportunities to buy our products, such as
through our day-old bread section. Our prices will tend to be higher than those of our
local competitors, mainly for the reason that we strive for higher quality in our products.
TESFA will be a limited liability partnership between Friends, who will also act as
operators. All partners will share equal ownership and income sharing of the company.
We will require 383,000 for start-up cost, and from which 80,000will be placed fully on
bank long term loan, but we predict that the debt will be paid after two years. In the
beginning we will only need two minimum-wage workers aside from the all us

3|Page
participating in the business to run the bakery but more may be added as finances allow
it and demand requires it.

2. Introduction

TESFA will be run as a partnership between Friends. This plan is prepared for the
purpose of providing an understanding of bakery business. A brief analysis on baking
is thus conducted to identify the current market trend and to share the shortage and
unsatisfied market in Dire-Dawatown and nearby small towns. TESFA is a start-up
bakery producer and retail establishment located in Amhara region Dire-Dawatown
Marmarsa . TESFA expects to catch the interest of a regular loyal customer base with
its broad variety of bread products. The company plans to build a strong market
position in the town, TESFA aims to offer its products at a competitive price to meet
the demand of the middle-to higher-income local market and government and private
organizations.

2.1The business

TESFA is a limited liability partnership engaged in the bakery business. It is equally


owned by 10 partners and managed by one. The business is controlled and managed by
Partners. Members of partners has graduated in MBA in Dire-DawaUniversity and has
extensive experience in sales, marketing, and management, The owners has the
capacity to utilize traditional and more advanced bakery technologies to produce new
breads a with locally-adapted technologies. The partnership intends to hire two full-
time bread bakers to handle customer service and day to day operations.

2.2 Products and Services

TESFA offers a broad range of bread products, all from high quality wheat floors.
TESFA provide food to all of its customers by providing each customer bread products
made to suit the customer. The bakery provides freshly prepared bakery products at all
times during business operations. TESFA also plans to produce its own floor from
locally and imported wheat in the future.

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2.3 The Market (Industry Analysis)

Bakery business in Ethiopia recently experienced rapid growth as the living standard
and way of the people is changed. TESFA wants to establish a large regular customer
base, and will therefore concentrate its business and marketing on local residents, and
others which will be the dominant target market. This will establish a healthy,
consistent revenue base to ensure stability of the business.

2.4 Economic and Social Benefit

The business has the following socio economic benefits:

 Create job opportunities for the surrounding population


 To introduce modern production methods and deploy highly durable and
effective machineries.
 It increases the government revenue in the form of taxes
 To provide a sustainable firm steady income for the business owner

2.5Financial Considerations

TESFA expects to raise Br 300,000 totally in its own capital, and it anticipates sales of
about Br.496,000 in the first year, Br.505,920 in the second year, Br.526,257 in the
third year, Br. 557,726 in the fourth, and Br. 602,344 in the fifth year of the plan.
TESFA should break even by the first of its operation as it steadily increases its sales.
The businesses profit and loss statement indicates that the business is profitable
through its business life.net income for five period are expected to be approximately
Br.-3,690 in year 1, Br. 8,966 by year 2, and Br. 22,344 by year 3 ,Br 15,810 by year
4and Br. 21,120 in the fifth year of its operation. The company does not anticipate any
cash flow problems.

3 BUSSINESS PROFIL

3.1 Objectives

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The overall objective of the business is to offer its products at a competitive price to
meet the demand of the middle-to higher-income local market and government and
private organizations and also lower income residents.
 Provides quality of product to the customers
 Attract the customer or expand with in short period of time
 Expand to two stores IN k 18 AND 19 by the third year of business

3.2Business Mission

TESFA aims to offer high quality bakery products at a competitive price to meet the
demand of the lower- to higher-income households, school, café and restaurant.

3.3 Business vision


In the future we intend to adapt through marketing and technology to sustain our modern
edge to be as customer-friendly as possible and provide the best products in our field.
We also plan to continue to invest in our community through partnerships with other
businesses and nonprofit organization sand after five years we would hope to set up
similar operation in another area

3.4Core Values:
Serve... Sustain... Contribute...

3.5 Keys to Success

Keys to success for TESFA will include:

 Providing the highest quality product with personal customer service.


 Competitive pricing.
 Ongoing employee education and recognition programs.
 Give back to the community.

3.6 Business Ownership  

Table 1, the partnership owners and their roles

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Mesefene Mareshet Melkie Mis Mis y Mis z Mis A Mis Mis MIS
x B C D

Manager Casher Auditor Gard baker baker baker Opera Selle Baker
e tor r

3.7 Business History

TESFA is a start-up business. Financing will come from the partners and loans. The
following table illustrates partnership projected initial start-up costs.  

Our start-up costs come to Br383,000 which is mostly equipment, store furnishings and
construction, and starting inventory expenses associated with opening our first store.

Building and Civil works

The proposed business is planned to involve the following construction works before
the actual production has been started:

4.0 SITUATION ANALYSIS

4.1 SWOT Analysis


Strengths
 Bakery would be clean and tidy
 Highly quality food offering
 Choice of different menu items not available any where
 Great retail space that is new clean and located in perfect area
 Passionate owner who believes in giving back to their community/environment
 Sustainable competitive edge of adaptability to all occasions
 consumer market needs
 Minimal, but experienced staff to start business and save money
 Financial resources will be used to give back to assist in the nation

7|Page
Weaknesses
 First time business venture
 Lack of brand relation as bakery start up business
 Limited marketing budget available to create awareness
 Lack of experience in the bakery
 Start up costs are only estimates
 Funding a small business could be difficult
 Potentially could be understaffed if our product demand increases drastically
 Experience in marketing our product is minimal
Opportunities
 There are low number competitors at the areas.
 New building complexities are being built near by so we can increase our
operation
 Diversifying our operation by opening other operation area
 Suitability of the areas for trading such materials
 Join the trend of modern cupcake design
 To grow quickly and expand, possibly partner with another business

Threats

 Will there be increasing of tax.


 New restaurants are opening up which might out profit margins
 Will there be inflation.
 Competitors from local restaurants may respond by reducing their price to
increase sale
 The high increment of rent of house
 Competitors could “steal” our ideas
 Partnerships may not become available
 Financial problems could threaten our first year’s success
 Time management could falter our productivity
 Potential completion from new entrants

8|Page
5 Production plan

TESFA offers a broad range of bread products, all from high quality wheat floors.
TESFAwill provides all of its customers by providing each customer bread products
made to suit the customer. The bakery provides freshly prepared bakery products at all
times during business operations.

5.1 Future Products

In the meantime, the company would like to explore the possibilities of floor
production from the local wheat. The company also believes that if floor production is
successful then it could become the number one endeavor of bakery and flour business.

Currently, there is a low flour production facility with lack of all the necessary capital
equipment. Purchase of this facility would allow the owners to begin production and to
capitalize on this higher margin product. 

6 Market plane and Analysis

TESFA is a bakery that sells quality bread and other pastries. We want to target the
higher income of the middle class, maintain the quality of our products but also keep the
prices reasonable. We will strive to make our food something that our customers enjoy,
but supply an even greater experience by incorporating technology.

The government of Ethiopia is now subsidizing bakery business to make competitive in


the market by facilitating credits and by making tax redemption.

TESFA's focus is on meeting the demand of a regular local resident customer base, as
well as a significant level of government and private organizations that includes school,
hotels, café and restaurants and others.

9|Page
Target Market: Our target customers mainly consist of the higher income consumers,
and the top of the middle class. Although this is a smaller group of consumers to appeal
to, we hope to position our-self as a business in the downtown area or along the bypass
in TESFA bakery where there is easy access to our selected consumers. We expect our
customers to be of the working class, people with steady jobs, and possibly families
Product: Our product is a high-quality, organic dessert that is extremely adaptable
to both special events, and to the special dietary needs of our customers.

Pricing: Our prices will be slightly higher than those of our local competitors, mainly
for the reason that we strive for quality in our products. This goes hand in hand with the
market that we plan to target that of the upper middle class, and our higher income
consumers.

Place (Distribution): Our primary way of distributing our products would be through
our store. Hopefully in the future we will be able to offer catering services, but during
start up we will work out of our own facilities. Customers will be able to walk in and
buy our baked goods, as well as set and/or send orders by telephone, or through a direct
in-store appointment.

Promotion: We hope to contact our customers through advertising in FM, radio and in
the beginning use advertisements in the newspaper to introduce our new business. We
hope that our idea to sell bread for half price will promote our products, although we
want to be known as a bakery that sells our fresh baked bread and pastries. We also
expect that our valued community involvement will also work as a promotion by
improving the public view of our business and advertising to the individuals involved
with the organizations we work with.

6.1 Market Segmentation


Is the process of analyzing and classifying customers in a given market to create
smaller, more precise target markets?

10 | P a g e
TESFA focuses on the middle, upper and lower-income markets. These market segments
consume the majority of bread products. The market would be segmented based on the
quantity purchased both for households and organizations.

Households

TESFA wants to establish a large regular customer base. This will establish a healthy,
consistent revenue base to ensure stability of the business. It expects low amount of
purchase for a large amount of households per individual.

Public and private organizations

The company expects high amount of purchase from organizations like café, hotels
and restaurants. It will have its own strategy to satisfy the demand of these large
purchasers.

6.2 Target Market Segment Strategy


Is the identification of target markets and determination of marketing mixchoices that
focus on those markets. The dominant target market for TESFA is a regular stream of
local residentsand public and private organizations. Personal and expedient customer
service at a competitive price is key to maintaining the local market share of this target
market.

6.3 Service Business Analysis

The bakery business in Ethiopia has recently experienced rapid growth. Despite low
competition in the immediate area, TESFA will position itself as a bakery where
customers can enjoy breads with best quality and low price with reliable services.

6.4 Competition and Buying Patterns

Competition in the local area is somewhat sparse and does not provide nearly the level
of product quality and customer service as TESFA. But some of the competitors have
strength and weakness.

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Strength

COMPETITORS: They will definitely be two of the major competitors because of its
strong financial position and established marketing and operational practices. However,
despite of the entrenched market position, many customers favor smaller, independent
establishments that offer comfortable atmosphere and good bread at affordable prices.

Weakness

 They bake more bread product; but they do not have large number of customers so
the bread did not complete finish selling. Unsold left bread will prepare for the next
period this activities of selling will make dangerous for customers life due to
contamination by bacteria fungus.
 They don’t have good management practice,
 They don’t give back to the community
 They don’t keep the personality of the customer as TESFA

6.5 Strategy and Implementation

TESFA will succeed by offering consumers high quality bakery products with personal
service at a competitive price. The owner’s strategy is to profitably and efficiently
utilize present and future bakery production technology.

7 Human resources Business and its Management plan

Members of Tesfa are the manager of the partnership responsible for the operations and
management of the company.  Since the business in the world of limited resources,
decision making how to use these resources in their best possible way is an essential
matter.

The business will follow efficient management procedures. The business will be run
the day to day operation by consisting of, skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers to
be employed by the business with attractive monthly salary.

12 | P a g e
Therefore, the management of the business will be competent enough. More
specifically, the duties and responsibilities of the bakery manager will be:

 To prepare rules and regulations that are practical for business administration

 To check consistently if staffs are functionally employed

 To prepare the monthly and annual budget, and present to the partners for
approval

 To organize strategies and means to promote sales

 To be responsible to purchase and sign check when delegated by partners

 To check the date of sales report

 To check if tax and liabilities are paid on time

 To check if the business is profitable, output quality is maintained and prices are
with in a competitive range

 To check bank loans and other payments are effected on time

One aim of a manager should be to ensure that all staff understand the nature of the
business and are active in working towards its success.

If it is accepted that most people wish to have the following aspects in their job, the
manager can arrange work to meet these needs:

 a reasonable wage
 security of employment
 respect for their skills and knowledge
 good relationships with other staff
 opportunity to develop new capabilities
 Reasonable working conditions.

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The majority of people wish to have their skills and knowledge recognized and to be
able to develop these further in their work.

7.1 Management Team

Most partners has extensive experience in sales, marketing, finance, accounting,


administration and management.

7.2 Personnel Plan

As the personnel plan shows, TESFA expects to make significant investments in sales,
sales support, and product development personnel.

8 Financial analysis

Sales Strategy

Nature and Limitation of Business:

This financial projection is based on sales volume at the levels described in the sales
forecast section and presents, to the best of management's knowledge, the company's
expected assets, liabilities, capital, and revenues and expenses. The projection reflects
management's judgment of the expected conditions and its expected course of action
given the hypothetical assumptions. As the table show, TESFA anticipates sales of
about Br.496,000 in the first year, Br. 505,920in the second year, Br526,157in the third
year, Br.557,726 in the fourth, and Br. 602,344in the fifth year of the plan.

8.1 Financial Plan

There are different major types of bakeries: in-store supermarket and small retail. With
most revenue coming from in-store bakeries, our business would draw off these sales.
We would specifically target upper middle class to high-class citizens who are willing
to pay a little more for a higher quality product with more specialization and service

14 | P a g e
than that of major supermarkets. A loan from the bank will be needed to receive capital
for start up costs. The requested long term loan amount 80,000.

8.2 Break-even Analysis

Break even is useful tool in business analysis. The break even point occurs when total
revenue is equal to total cost .TESFA's Break-even Analysis is based on the average of
the first-year figures for total sales by units, and by operating expenses. These are
presented as per-unit revenue, per-unit cost, and fixed costs. These conservative
assumptions make for a more accurate estimate of real risk. TESFA should break even
by the second year of its operation as it steadily increases its sales.

Breakeven point=total fixed cost divided by weighted average contribution margin


The Total No of Bread Sold In the First Year
2800+1200+1600+28,000=33,600
Weighted Average Contribution Margin
=WB1CMB1+WB2CMB2+WB3CMB3+WB4CMB4
2800/33600*50+1200/33600*32+1600/33600*10+28000/33600*1
4.166+1.142+0.4762+0.8333=6.6
BEP QUANTITY=FC/WACM=22,500/6.6=34,090 Breads
Bread 1 2 3 4

No be sold 2840 1217 1623 28,408

Selling 100 80 40 2
price
Sales 284,000 97,360 64,930 56,816

Total sales=503,106 Birr

Table 1: Fixed investment cost estimation


No. Description Unit Quantity Unit Total

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price cost
1 Baking Machine No 1 30,000  
2 Cash register Machine No 1 15,000  
3 Floor mixing Machine No 1 12,000  
4 Breading house No 1 15,000  
  Sub total base cost       72,000
  Contingency (4.16%)       3,000
  Total       75,000

Table 2: Tools and Equipment


No Description Unit Quantity Unit cost Total cost
1 Display Case    3  180  540
B
r
2  Mixer    3  1000  3000
3  Proofer    1  2000  2000
4  Item Ovens    2  2,500  5,000
5  Signs    1  2200  2200
6 Dishwasher    1  2,600  2,600

7 Cookware    1  200  200

8  Cash register    1  300  300


9 Tables/room décor 1 4,000 4000

10 Table 2 2,500 5,000


  Sub total        24,300
  Contingency       700
  Total       25,000

16 | P a g e
 8.3 Sale forecast

Our Sales Forecast shows modest estimates for the first year of operations beginning in
January of 2008E.C.  After establishing TESFA ‘the' place for sweets and celebrations,
we project aggressive sales increases for the following years.

Table  3 Projected Sales


1. Year-one revenue        
expectancy
  Bread 1 Bread 2 Bread 3 Bread 4
Number of units sold annually 2,800 1,200 1,600 28,000
Average sales price per unit Br 100.00 Br 80.00 Br 40.00 Br 2.00
Annual revenue per product Br 280,000 Br 96,000 Br 64,000 Br 56,000
Total year 1 revenue Br496,000 
2. Year 1 cost of goods sold        
  Bread 1 Bread 2 Bread 3 Bread 4
Expected gross margin per 50.00% 40.00 25.00% 50.00%
pro %
Duct
Annual cost of goods sold per Br140,000 Br 38,400 Br 16,000 Br 28,000
product
Total year 1 cost of goods sold Br 222,400  
3. Annual maintenance, repair, and overhaul  
Factor (%) on capital equipment 15%
4. Number of years for straight-line depreciation 5

5. If long-term debt is being used to finance operations, enter the total Br 80,000
loan value.

17 | P a g e
9 Appendix

 Table 4: Business Profit and Loss

As the Profit and Loss table shows, TESFA expects to continue its steady growth in
profitability over the next five years of operations.

The income statement (profit and loss statement) shows the revenue, expenses, and net
income (or net loss) for a period of time.  Net income is the amount by which total
revenue exceeds total expenses.  The resulting profit is added to the partners capitals . 
A net loss reduces the partners capital account. 

Budgeted Income and loss statement


  Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5

Revenue            
 Gross revenue Br496,00 Br505,920 Br526,157 Br557,726 Br 602,344
  0
 Cost of goods sold 222,400 226,848 235,922 250,077 270,083
 
 Gross margin Br273,60 Br279,072 Br 290,235 Br 307,649 Br 332,261
  0
 Other revenue [source] Br 0 Br 0 Br 10,000 Br 0 Br 0
 
 Interest income Br 1,000 Br 0 Br 0 Br 0 Br 0
 
 Total income Br274,60 Br279,072 Br 300,235 Br 307,649 Br 332,261
  0
Operating expenses          
 
 Sales and marketing Br 40,000 Br 40,800 Br 42,432 Br 44,978 Br 48,576
 

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 Salary 60,000 Br 61,200 Br 63,648 Br 67,467 Br 72,864
 
 Depreciation 40,000 40,800 41,600 42,400 43,200
 
Insurance expense 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000
Rent expense 20,000 20,800 22,432 24,978 28,576
 Maintenance, repair, and overhaul 15,000 15,300 15,600 15,900 16,200
 
 Utilities 30,000 Br 30,600 Br 31,824 Br 33,733 Br 36,432
 
 Property taxes 15,000 Br 15,300 Br 15,912 Br 16,867 Br 18,216
 
 Administrative fees 20,000 Br 18,360 Br 19,094 Br 20,240 Br 21,859
 
 Other 14,700 Br 4,080 Br 4,243 Br 4,498 Br 4,858
 
 Total operating expenses Br274,70 Br267,240 Br 276,786 Br 291,061 Br 310,782
  0
Operating income Br -100 Br 11,832 Br 23,449 Br 16,588 Br 21,479
 
Interest expense on long-term 3,590 2,866 2,106 1,308 470
debt(interst r x amount borrowed)
 
Operating income before other Br -3,690 Br 8,966 Br 21,344 Br 15,281 Br 21,010
items
 
 Loss (gain) on sale of assets 0 0 1,000 0 0
 
Earnings or net income Br -3,690 Br 8,966 Br 22,344 Br 15,281 Br 21,010
 

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Table 5: Business Cash Flow

The cash flow projection shows that provisions for ongoing expenses are adequate to
meet TESFA needs as the business generates cash flow sufficient to support
operations.
Cash flow
  Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5

Operating activities          
  Net income Br -3,690 Br 8,966 Br 22,344 Br 15,282 Br 21,010
  Depreciation 40,000 40,800 41,600 42,400 43,200
  Accounts payable 0 1,000 0 -1,500 0
  Total operating Br 36,310 Br50,766 Br 63,944 Br57,597 Br 64,210
activities
Investing activities          
  Sale of fixed assets Br 0 Br 0 (Br1,000) Br 0 Br 0
  Total investing Br 0 Br 0 (Br1,000) 0 Br 0
activities
Financing activities          
  Long-term Br 85,522 (Br65,202) Br 9,038 Br 33,240 (Br 92,598)
debt/financing
  Total financing Br85,522 (Br65,202) Br 9,038 Br33,240 Br 92,598)
activities
Cumulative cash flow Br121,832 (br17,125) Br65,279 Br84,836 (br 34,691)
Beginning cash balance Br 50,000 Br 81,829 Br164,704 Br229,982 Br 314,819
Ending cash balance Br171,832 Br164,704 Br229,982 Br314,819 Br 280,128

20 | P a g e
Table 6 Balance Sheet

The following is a projected Balance Sheet for TESFA. 


Balance Sheet of the business plan for five consecutive years
Assets Initial Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
balance
Cash and short-term Br 50,000 Br 181,829 Br 164,704 Br 229,982 Br314,819 Br 280,128
investments
 Accounts receivable 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000
 Total inventory 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000
 Other current assets 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000
 Total current assets Br 83,000 Br 214,829 Br 197,704 Br 262,982 Br347,819 Br 313,128
 Buildings Br 100,000 Br 100,000 Br 100,000 Br 100,000 Br100,000 Br 100,000
 Land 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000
 Machinery and 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000
equipment
 Less: Accumulated 0 40,000 80,800 122,400 164,800 208,000
depreciation expense
 Net Br 300,000 Br 260,000 Br 219,200 Br 177,600 Br135,200 Br 92,000
property/equipment
 Total assets Br 383,000 Br 474,829 Br 416,904 Br440,582 Br483,019 Br 405,128
Liabilities Initial Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
balance
 Accounts payable Br 2,000 Br 2,000 Br 3,000 Br 3,000 Br 1,500 Br 1,500
 Other current Br 1000 100 100 100 100 100
liabilities
 Total current Br 3000 Br 2,100 Br 3,100 Br 3,100 Br 1,600 Br 1,600
liabilities
 Long-term debt from Br 80,000 Br 65,522 Br 50,320 Br 34,358 Br 17,598 Br 0
loan payment
calculator

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 Other long-term debt Br 0 Br 98,800 Br 50,900 Br 74,900 Br 24,900 Br 49,900
 Total debt Br 83,000 Br 164,322 Br 104,320 Br 112,358 Br 44,098 Br 51,500
0 0 0 0 0 0
 Total liabilities Br 83,000 Br 164,322 Br 104,320 Br 112,358 Br144,098 Br 51,500
Equity Initial Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
balance
Partners capital Br 300,000 Br 296,310 Br 312,584 Br 328,224 Br Br 353,628
338,921
00
0 0 0 0 0 0
0
Br B

 Total liabilities and Br 383,000 Br 474,829 Br 416,904 Br 440,582 Br483,019 Br 405,128


capital

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ድሬዳዋ ዩኒቨርሲቲ
የንግድ እና ኢኮኖሚክስ ኮሌጅ
የአስተዳደር መምሪያ
 
የግብይት አስተዳደር

በተስፋ መጋገር ግብይት ዕቅድ ላይ የቡድን ምደባ

በመደበኛ መርሃግብር የመጀመሪያ ዲግሪ


 
                    የቡድን አባላት ስም          መታወቂያ
ቁጥር                                                                       
1. ሚስተር አክሊሉ DDU1202785
2. መሐመድ አብዲሌ DDU1202796
3. ሙሉቀን መልካሙ DDU1203193
4. ሙራድ ጀማል DDU1203204
5. ናቲናኤል ዋሱኡ DDU1202833
6. ኑሪ አበ DDU1202868
 

ገብቷል- አቶ እንዳሌ ኤም
ማስረከቢያ ቀን: 19/04 / 20 21

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                                                                                 ድሬዳዋ ፣ ኢትዮጵያ

 
 
የርዕስ ማውጫ ገጽ 
1. የሥራ አስፈፃሚ ማጠቃለያ
2. መግቢያ
2.1 ንግዱ
2.2 ምርቶች እና አገልግሎቶች
2.3 ገበያው
 
2.4 ኢኮኖሚያዊ እና ማህበራዊ ተጠቃሚነት
2.5 የገንዘብ ግምት
3 የንግድ ሥራ ፕሮፌል
3.1 ዓላማዎች
3.2 የንግድ ተልዕኮ
3.3 የንግድ ሥራ ራዕይ
3.4 ዋና እሴቶች :
 
3.6 የንግድ ሥራ ባለቤትነት
3.7 የንግድ ታሪክ
4.0 ሁኔታ ትንታኔ
4.1 SWOT ትንተና
5 የምርት ዕቅድ
5.1 የወደፊቱ ምርቶች
6 የገቢያ እቅድ እና ትንተና
 
6.1 የገበያ ክፍፍል
6.2 ዒላማ የገበያ ክፍል ስትራቴጂ
6.3 የአገልግሎት ንግድ ትንተና
6.4 የውድድር እና የግዢ ቅጦች
6.5 ስትራቴጂ እና ትግበራ
7 የሰው ኃይል ንግድ እና የአስተዳደር እቅዱ
7.1 የአስተዳደር ቡድን
7.2 የሰራተኞች እቅድ
8 የገንዘብ ትንተና
8.1 የፋይናንስ ዕቅድ
8.2 የእረፍት-እንኳን ትንተና

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8.3 የሽያጭ ትንበያ 
9 አባሪ
ሠንጠረዥ 4: የንግድ ሥራ ትርፍ እና ኪሳራ
ሠንጠረዥ 5 የንግድ ሥራ የገንዘብ ፍሰት
ሠንጠረዥ 6 ሚዛናዊ ወረቀት
 

 
ዘመናዊ የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ግብይት ዕቅድ
1. የሥራ አስፈፃሚ ማጠቃለያ
እኛ በማርማርሳ የፈጠራ የችርቻሮ መጋገሪያ ቴስፋ ነን ፣ መካከለኛ-ከፍተኛ ገቢ ላላቸው ቤተሰቦች ፣ ትምህርት
ቤት ፣ ካፌ እና ምግብ ቤት እና ሌሎችም ፍላጎትን ለማሟላት ከፍተኛ ጥራት ያላቸውን የዳቦ ምርቶች በተወዳዳሪ
ዋጋ ለማቅረብ ያለመ ነው ፡ እኛ በድሬደዋ አካባቢ ለሚታወቀው የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ፍላጎት የሚሞላ አዲስ የተጋገረ
ዳቦ እና ጣፋጮች እንሸጣለን ፣ በተጋገረ ሸቀጣ ሸቀጣ ሸቀጣ ሸቀጣ ሸቀጣ ሸቀጣ ሸቀጣ ሸቀጣ ሸቀጣችን ላይ
ጎልቶ እንዲታይ የሚያደርገን ደንበኞቻችን በእነሱ በኩል ተነሳሽነት እንዲኖራቸው ለማድረግ ነው ፡ የራሱ
የተፈጠሩ ፈጠራዎች በመተላለፊያው ላይ ምቹ በሆነው በሱቃችን ውስጥ ደንበኞቻችን የራሳቸውን ኬኮች ወይም
ኬኮች እንዲያዘጋጁበት አስደሳች እና ለአጠቃቀም ቀላል በሆነ የንድፍ ጽላታችን የተገለጹ ጣቢያዎችን እናዘጋጃለን
፣ ከዚያ በኋላ ጋጋሪዎቻችን ለእነሱ ይፈጥራሉ ፡፡
የቲ.ኤስ.ኤ.ኤ.ኤ.ኤ.ኤ.ኤ.ኤ.ኤ.ኤ.ኤ.ኤ.ኤስ ከፍተኛ የደንበኞች አገልግሎት መስጠትን ፣ በተቻለ መጠን እንደ
ተወዳዳሪ እና ለደንበኛ ተስማሚ ሆኖ ለመቆየት ከቴክኖሎጂ ጋር የተዛመደ ዝምድና በማሳየት እንዲሁም እንደ
ክሊኒክ ፣ ትምህርት ባሉ ሁለት ቀን የተጋገረን ቤታችን በመለገስ ለትርፍ ባልተቋቋሙ ድርጅቶች ለአከባቢው
ማህበረሰብ አስተዋፅዖ ያደርጋል ፡፡ ዕቃዎች ከሌሎች ነገሮች ጋር ፡፡
ወደ ችርቻሮ መጋገሪያ ኢንዱስትሪ በተመቻቸ ሰዓት እንደምንመጣ እናምናለን
፡፡ በድሬዳዋ ከተማ ማርማርሳ አቅራቢያ የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ሱቆች የሉም ፣ ይህም ወደ ኢንዱስትሪው ትልቅ እረፍት
ያደርገናል ፡ Tesfa እንዲኖረው ለማድረግ ይገምታል ብቸኛው ውድድር መጋገሪያው ክፍሎች ላይ ዳቦ አንዳንድ
አምራቾች ናቸው ድሬዳዋ ከተማ በሁለቱም ጫፎች ላይ እንደሆኑ ከተማ,. እነዚህ ትልልቅ ሁለት የእኛ ትልቁ
ስጋት ይሆናሉ ፡፡ እንደ እድል ሆኖ ኢኮኖሚው መጋገሪያዎችን አልጎዳውም ፡፡ 
የታቀደው ገቢያችን የመካከለኛ ደረጃ ሰራተኞች እና ከዚያ በላይ ከፍ ያለ ይሆናል ፣ ሆኖም እንደ የቀን እንጀራ
ክፍላችን ያሉ ምርቶቻችንን ለመግዛት ዝቅተኛ የገቢ ዕድሎች እንዲሰጡ ጥረት ይደረጋል ፡፡ ዋጋችን ከአካባቢያችን

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ተወዳዳሪዎቻችን የሚበልጥ ይሆናል ፣ በዋነኝነት በምርቶቻችን ውስጥ ከፍተኛ ጥራት እንዲኖር ጥረት ስናደርግ
ነው ፡፡
TESFA በጓደኞች መካከል ውስን ተጠያቂነት አጋርነት ይሆናል ፣ እነሱም እንደ ኦፕሬተር ሆነው
ያገለግላሉ። ሁሉም አጋሮች የድርጅቱን እኩል ባለቤትነት እና የገቢ መጋሪያ ይጋራሉ። ለመነሻ ወጪ 383,000
እንፈልጋለን ፣ ከዚህ ውስጥ 80,000 ሙሉ በሙሉ በባንክ የረጅም ጊዜ ብድር ላይ ይቀመጣል ፣ ግን ዕዳው
ከሁለት ዓመት በኋላ እንደሚከፈል እንገምታለን ፡፡ መጀመሪያ ላይ የዳቦ መጋገሪያውን ለማስተዳደር በንግዱ
ውስጥ ከሚሳተፈው ሁላችንም ጎን ለጎን ሁለት አነስተኛ የደመወዝ ሠራተኞች ብቻ ያስፈልጉናል ነገር ግን ፋይናንስ
ስለሚፈቅድለት እና ፍላጎቱ ስለሚፈልግ ተጨማሪ ሊጨመር ይችላል ፡

2. መግቢያ

TESFA በጓደኞች መካከል እንደ ሽርክና ይካሄዳል ፡፡ ይህ እቅድ የተዘጋጀው የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ንግድ ሥራ ግንዛቤ
እንዲኖር ለማድረግ ነው ፡፡ ስለሆነም በመጋገር ላይ አጭር ትንታኔ የሚካሄደው የአሁኑን የገበያ አዝማሚያ
ለመለየት እና በድሬ-ዳዋ ከተማ እና በአቅራቢያ ባሉ ትናንሽ ከተሞች ውስጥ ያለውን እጥረት እና እርካታ የሌለው
ገበያ ለማካፈል ነው ፡ ቴስፋ በአማራ ክልል ድሬዳዋ ከተማ ማርማርሳ ውስጥ የሚገኝ ጅምር የዳቦ አምራች እና
የችርቻሮ ማቋቋሚያ ተቋም ነው ፡ ቴስፋ ከተለያዩ የተለያዩ የዳቦ ምርቶች ጋር የመደበኛ ታማኝ የደንበኞች ፍላጎት
እንዲስብ ይጠብቃል ፡፡ ኩባንያው በከተማው ውስጥ ጠንካራ የገቢያ አቋም ለመገንባት አቅዷል ፣ ‹ቴስፋ›
ከመካከለኛ እስከ ከፍተኛ ገቢ ላለው የአካባቢ ገበያ እና ለመንግሥትና ለግል ድርጅቶች ያለውን ፍላጎት ለማርካት
ምርቶቹን በተወዳዳሪ ዋጋ ለማቅረብ አቅዷል ፡፡

2.1 ንግዱ

ቴስፋ በመጋገሪያው ንግድ ሥራ የተሰማራ ውስን ተጠያቂነት አጋርነት ነው ፡፡ በእኩልነት በ 10 አጋሮች የተያዘ
ሲሆን በአንዱ የሚተዳደር ነው ፡፡ ንግዱ የሚቆጣጠረው እና የሚተዳደረው በባልደረባዎች ነው ፡፡ የአጋር
አባላት በድሬደዋ ዩኒቨርሲቲ ኤም.ቢ.ኤ የተመረቁ ሲሆን በሽያጭ ፣ በግብይት እና በአመራር ረገድ ሰፊ ልምድ
ያላቸው ሲሆን ባለቤቶቹ በአዳዲሶቹ ተስማሚ ቴክኖሎጂዎች አዳዲስ ዳቦዎችን ለማምረት ባህላዊ እና እጅግ
የላቀ የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ቴክኖሎጂዎችን የመጠቀም አቅም አላቸው ፡ ሽርክናው የደንበኞችን አገልግሎት እና የዕለት
ተዕለት እንቅስቃሴዎችን ለመቆጣጠር ሁለት የሙሉ ሰዓት ዳቦ ጋጋሪዎችን ለመቅጠር አቅዷል ፡፡

2.2 ምርቶች እና አገልግሎቶች

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ቴስፋ ሰፋፊ የዳቦ ምርቶችን ያቀርባል ፣ ሁሉም ጥራት ያላቸው የስንዴ ወለሎች ናቸው ፡፡ ቴስፋ እያንዳንዱ
ደንበኛን ለደንበኛው የሚመጥን የዳቦ ምርቶች በማቅረብ ለደንበኞቹ ሁሉ ምግብ ይሰጣል ፡፡ መጋገሪያው በንግድ
ሥራዎች ወቅት በማንኛውም ጊዜ አዲስ የተዘጋጁ የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ምርቶችን ይሰጣል ፡፡ ቴስፋ ወደፊትም ከአገር
ውስጥ እና ከውጭ ከሚገባ ስንዴ የራሱን ወለል ለማምረት አቅዷል ፡፡

2.3 ገበያው (የኢንዱስትሪ ትንተና)

የሰዎች የኑሮ ደረጃ እና የአኗኗር ዘይቤ በመለወጡ በቅርቡ የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ንግድ በኢትዮጵያ ፈጣን እድገት
አሳይቷል ፡፡ ቴስፋ ትልቅ መደበኛ የደንበኛ መሠረት ማቋቋም ይፈልጋል ስለሆነም የንግድ ሥራውን እና
ግብይቱን በአከባቢው ነዋሪዎች ላይ በማተኮር እና በሌሎችም ዋነኛ ዒላማ ገበያ ይሆናል ፡፡ ይህ የንግዱን
መረጋጋት ለማረጋገጥ ጤናማ ፣ ወጥ የሆነ የገቢ መሠረት ያወጣል ፡፡

2.4 ኢኮኖሚያዊ እና ማህበራዊ ተጠቃሚነት

  ንግዱ የሚከተሉትን ማህበራዊ ኢኮኖሚያዊ ጥቅሞች አሉት

          ለአከባቢው ህዝብ የስራ እድል ይፍጠሩ

          ዘመናዊ የማምረቻ ዘዴዎችን ለማስተዋወቅ እና በጣም ጠንካራ እና ውጤታማ ማሽነሪዎችን ለማሰማራት ፡፡

          የመንግስትን ገቢ በግብር መልክ ያሳድጋል

                                   ለቢዝነስ ባለቤቱ ዘላቂ የሆነ ጽኑ ገቢን ለመስጠት

2.5 የገንዘብ ግምት

ቴስፋ በብራዚል 300,000 ሙሉ በሙሉ በራሱ ካፒታል እንደሚያሳድግ የሚጠብቅ ሲሆን ፣ በመጀመሪያው
ዓመት ወደ ብር 496,000 ገደማ ፣ በሁለተኛው ዓመት ብር 505,920 ፣ በሦስተኛው ዓመት ደግሞ ብራ
.526,257 እንደሚሸጥ ይገምታል ፡፡ በአራተኛው 557,726 እና ብሩ. በእቅዱ በአምስተኛው ዓመት 602,344
፡፡ ቴሴፋ ሽያጮቹን ያለማቋረጥ ስለሚያሳድገው በመጀመሪያ ሥራው እንኳን መቋረጥ አለበት ፡፡ የንግድ
ድርጅቶቹ ትርፍ እና ኪሳራ መግለጫ እንደሚያመለክተው ንግዱ በንግድ ህይወቱ አማካይነት ትርፋማ ነው ፡፡
ኔትዎርክ ለአምስት ጊዜ ያህል በግምት ቢ .3906 ይሆናል ተብሎ ይጠበቃል 1, Br. 8,966 በ 2 ኛው ዓመት
እና ብሩ. 22,344 በዓመት 3 ፣ Br 15,810 በ 4and Br. በተሠራበት በአምስተኛው ዓመት ውስጥ
21,120. ኩባንያው ማንኛውንም የገንዘብ ፍሰት ችግር አይገምቱም ፡፡

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3 የንግድ ሥራ ፕሮፌል

3.1 ዓላማዎች

የንግዱ አጠቃላይ ዓላማ ምርቶቹን ከመካከለኛ እስከ ከፍተኛ ገቢ ላለው የአካባቢ ገበያ እና የመንግስት እና የግል
ድርጅቶች ፍላጎትን ለማሟላት እንዲሁም ዝቅተኛ ገቢ ያላቸውን ነዋሪዎችን በተወዳዳሪ ዋጋ ማቅረብ ነው ፡፡
ለደንበኞች የምርት ጥራት ይሰጣል      
ደንበኛውን መሳብ ወይም በአጭር ጊዜ ውስጥ ማስፋፋት      
 በሦስተኛው ዓመት የንግድ ሥራ በ 18 እና 19 ውስጥ ወደ ሁለት ሱቆች ያስፋፉ 

3.2 የንግድ ተልዕኮ

ከዝቅተኛ እስከ ከፍተኛ ገቢ ያላቸው ቤተሰቦች ፣ ትምህርት ቤት ፣ ካፌ እና ምግብ ቤት ፍላጎትን ለማሟላት


ከፍተኛ ጥራት ያላቸውን የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ምርቶችን በተወዳዳሪ ዋጋ ለማቅረብ TESFA a ims

3.3 የንግድ ሥራ ራዕይ


ለወደፊቱ የእኛን ዘመናዊ ጠርዝ በተቻለ መጠን ለደንበኞች ተስማሚ እንዲሆን እና በእኛ መስክ ውስጥ ምርጥ
ምርቶችን ለማቅረብ በግብይት እና በቴክኖሎጂ ለማጣጣም አስበናል ፡፡ እንዲሁም ከአምስት ዓመት
በኋላ ከሌሎች ንግዶች እና ለትርፍ ያልተቋቋመ ድርጅት አሸዋ ጋር በመተባበር በማኅበረሰባችን ላይ መዋዕለ
ንዋያችንን ለመቀጠል አቅደናል በሌላ አካባቢ ተመሳሳይ ሥራ እንጀምራለን ብለን ተስፋ እናደርጋለን ፡

3.4Core እሴቶች :
አገልግሉ ... ይደግፉ ... ያበርክቱ ...

3.5 ለስኬት ቁልፎች

ለቴሴፋ የስኬት ቁልፎች የሚከተሉትን ያካትታሉ

ከፍተኛ ጥራት ያለው ምርት ከግል የደንበኞች አገልግሎት ጋር ማቅረብ ፡       

የውድድር ዋጋ አሰጣጥ።       

ቀጣይ የሠራተኛ ትምህርት እና ዕውቅና ፕሮግራሞች ፡       


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Back ለማህበረሰቡ መልሱ፡       

3.6 የንግድ ሥራ ባለቤትነት  

ሠንጠረዥ 1 ፣ የሽርክና ባለቤቶች እና ሚናዎቻቸው


መስፍኔ ማርሸት መልኪ ምስ ምስ ምስ ዝ ምስ ምስ ለ ምስ MIS
x ኤ ሲ ዲ
ሥራ አስኪያጅ ካሸር ኦዲተር ጋርድ ጋጋሪ ጋጋሪ ጋጋሪ ኦፕሬተ ሻጭ ጋጋሪ

3. 7 የንግድ ሥራ ታሪክ

ቴስፋ ጅምር ንግድ ነው ፡፡ ፋይናንስ የሚመጣው ከአጋሮች እና ብድሮች ነው ፡፡ የሚከተለው ሰንጠረዥ


በአጋርነት የታቀዱ የመጀመሪያ የመነሻ ወጪዎችን ያሳያል ፡፡ 

የመነሻ ወጪያችን ወደ ብራ 383,000 የሚመጣ ሲሆን ይህም በአብዛኛው መሣሪያ ፣ የመጋዘን ዕቃዎች እና


ግንባታ እና የመጀመሪያ ሱቃችንን ከመክፈት ጋር ተያይዞ የቁሳቁስ ወጪዎችን ይጀምራል ፡   

የህንፃ እና ሲቪል ስራዎች

የታሰበው ንግድ ትክክለኛው ምርት ከመጀመሩ በፊት የሚከተሉትን የግንባታ ሥራዎች ለማካተት የታቀደ ነው-

4.0 ሁኔታ ትንታኔ

4.1 SWOT ትንተና


ጥንካሬዎች
መጋገሪያ ንፁህ እና ሥርዓታማ ይሆናል      
ከፍተኛ ጥራት ያለው የምግብ አቅርቦት        
ማንኛውም ቦታ አይገኝም የተለያዩ ምናሌ ንጥሎች ምርጫ      
አዲስ ንጹህ እና ፍጹም አካባቢ የሚገኘው ነው ታላቁ የችርቻሮ ቦታ      

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ለአካባቢያቸው / ለአካባቢያቸው በመስጠት መስጠት የሚያምን ርህሩህ ባለቤት      
ለሁሉም አጋጣሚዎች የመላመድ ዘላቂ ተወዳዳሪነት ጠርዝ      
የሸማቾች ገበያ ፍላጎቶች      
አነስተኛ ፣ ግን ልምድ ያላቸው ሠራተኞች ሥራ ለመጀመር እና ገንዘብ ለመቆጠብ      
የገንዘብ ሀብቶች በብሔሩ ውስጥ ለማገዝ መልሶ ለመስጠት ያገለግላሉ      
ድክመቶች
በመጀመሪያ ጊዜ የንግድ ሽርክና      
እንደ ዳቦ መጋገሪያ የምርት ስም ግንኙነት አለመኖር የንግድ ሥራ ይጀምራል      
ግንዛቤ ለመፍጠር የግብይት በጀት ውስን ነው      
መጋገሪያው ውስጥ ልምድ አለመኖር      
የመነሻ ወጪዎች ግምቶች ብቻ ናቸው      
A አነስተኛ ንግድን በገንዘብ መደገፍ ከባድ ሊሆን ይችላል      
የምርት ፍላጎታችን በከፍተኛ ሁኔታ ከጨመረ ምናልባት እምቅ እጥረት ሊኖር
ይችላል      
ምርታችንን ለገበያ የማቅረብ ልምድ አነስተኛ ነው      
አጋጣሚዎች
በአከባቢዎቹ አነስተኛ ቁጥር ያላቸው ተፎካካሪዎች አሉ ፡      
ክዋኔያችንን ከፍ ማድረግ እንድንችል አዳዲስ የግንባታ ውስብስብ
ነገሮች በአጠገባቸው እየተገነቡ ናቸው      
ሌሎች የአሠራር ቦታዎችን በመክፈት ክዋኔያችንን ማሰራጨት      
ያሉ ቁሳቁሶች የንግድ ለማግኘት አካባቢዎች ተስማሚነት      
የዘመናዊ የኩኪ ኬክ ዲዛይን አዝማሚያ ይቀላቀሉ      
በፍጥነት ለማደግ እና ለማስፋት ምናልባትም ከሌላ ንግድ ጋር አጋር ሊሆን ይችላል      
 
ማስፈራሪያዎች

የግብር መጨመር ሊኖር ይችላል?      


የትርፍ ህዳግሊያስወጡየሚችሉ
ሊያስወጡ የሚ ችሉ አዳዲስ ምግብ ቤቶች ይከፈታሉ      
የዋጋ ግሽበት ይኖር ይሆን?      

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Local የአገር ውስጥ ምግብ ቤቶች ተወዳዳሪዎች ሽያጭን ለመጨመር ዋጋቸውን በመቀነስ ምላሽ
ሊሰጡ ይችላሉ      
የቤት ኪራይ ከፍተኛ ጭማሪ      
ተፎካካሪዎች ሀሳቦቻችንን “መስረቅ” ይችሉ ነበር      
ሽርክናዎች ላይገኙ ይችላሉ      
የገንዘብ ችግሮች የአንደኛ ዓመት ስኬታማነታችንን አደጋ ላይ ሊጥሉ ይችላሉ      
የጊዜ አያያዝ ምርታማነታችንንሊያደፈርስ
ሊያደፈርስ ይችላል      
አዲስ በግብረሰናይ ከ ሊሆን የሚችል ማጠናቀቅ      
 

5 የምርት ዕቅድ

ቴስፋ ሰፋፊ የዳቦ ምርቶችን ያቀርባል ፣ ሁሉም ጥራት ያላቸው የስንዴ ወለሎች ናቸው ፡፡ TESFAwill
እያንዳንዱን ደንበኛ ለደንበኛው ተስማሚ ለማድረግ የተሰሩ የደንበኛ የዳቦ ምርቶችን በማቅረብ ደንበኞቹን ሁሉ
ያቀርባል ፡፡ መጋገሪያው በንግድ ሥራዎች ወቅት በማንኛውም ጊዜ አዲስ የተዘጋጁ የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ምርቶችን
ይሰጣል ፡፡

5.1 የወደፊቱ ምርቶች

ይህ በእንዲህ እንዳለ ኩባንያው ከአከባቢው ስንዴ ወለል የማምረት ዕድሎችን ለመመርመር


ይፈልጋል ፡ የወለል ማምረት ስኬታማ ከሆነ ታዲያ የዳቦ መጋገሪያ እና የዱቄት ንግድ ሥራ አንድ ቁጥር ሊሆን
ይችላል ብሎ ያምናል ፡   

በአሁኑ ወቅት ሁሉም አስፈላጊ የካፒታል መሣሪያዎች እጥረት ያለባቸው አነስተኛ የዱቄት ማምረቻ ተቋም አለ
፡፡ የዚህ ተቋም ግዢ ባለቤቶቹ ማምረት እንዲጀምሩ እና በዚህ የከፍተኛ ህዳግ ምርት ተጠቃሚ እንዲሆኑ
ያስችላቸዋል ፡፡ 

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6 የገቢያ አውሮፕላን እና ትንተና

ቴስፋ ጥራት ያለው ዳቦ እና ሌሎች ኬኮች የሚሸጥ ዳቦ ቤት ነው ፡፡ የመካከለኛውን ከፍተኛ ገቢ ኢላማ ማድረግ ፣
የምርቶቻችን ጥራት እንዲጠበቅ ማድረግ እንዲሁም ዋጋዎቹ ተመጣጣኝ እንዲሆኑ እንፈልጋለን ፡፡ ምግባችን
ደንበኞቻችን የሚያስደስት ነገር ለማድረግ እንተጋለን ፣ ግን ቴክኖሎጂን በማካተት የበለጠ የላቀ ተሞክሮ
እናቀርባለን ፡፡

ብድርን በማመቻቸት እና የታክስ ቤዛ በማድረግ በገበያው ተወዳዳሪ እንዲሆኑ አሁን የኢትዮጵያ መንግስት የዳቦ
መጋገሪያ ንግድ ድጎማ እያደረገ ነው ፡፡

የቲ.ኤስ.ኤፍ.ኤ ትኩረቱ መደበኛ የአካባቢ ነዋሪ የደንበኞችን ፍላጎት እንዲሁም ትምህርት ቤትን ፣ ሆቴሎችን ፣
ካፌን እና ምግብ ቤቶችን እና ሌሎችንም ያካተተ ከፍተኛ የመንግስት እና የግል ድርጅቶች ፍላጎትን ማሟላት ላይ
ነው ፡፡

ዒላማ ገበያው -ዒላማ ደንበኞቻችን በዋናነት ከፍተኛ ገቢ ያላቸውን ሸማቾችን እና የመካከለኛውን ክፍል አናት
ያቀፉ ናቸው ፡ ምንም እንኳን ይህ አነስተኛ የሸማቾች ቡድን ቢሆንም ይግባኝ ለማለት ፣ እኛ የመረጥነው ሸማቾች
በቀላሉ ተደራሽ በሚሆኑበት በከተማው አካባቢ ወይም በቴሴፋ ዳቦ መጋገሪያ መተላለፊያው ውስጥ እራሳችንን
እንደ ንግድ ሥራ ለማስቀመጥ ተስፋ አለን ፡ ደንበኞቻችን የሥራ ክፍል ፣ ቋሚ ሥራ ያላቸው ሰዎች እና
ምናልባትም ቤተሰቦች እንዲሆኑ እንጠብቃለን
ምርት -ምርታችን እጅግ የሚስማማ ከፍተኛ ጥራት ያለው ኦርጋኒክ ጣፋጭ ነው
ለሁለቱም ልዩ ዝግጅቶች እና ለደንበኞቻችን ልዩ የአመጋገብ ፍላጎቶች ፡፡

የዋጋ አሰጣጥ -ዋጋዎቻችን ከአካባቢያችን ተፎካካሪዎች ዋጋ በመጠኑ ይበልጣሉ ፣ በዋነኝነት በምርቶቻችን ውስጥ


ጥራት እንዲኖረን በምንጥርበት ምክንያት ፡ ይህ የከፍተኛ መካከለኛ ደረጃን እና ከፍተኛ የገቢ ተጠቃሚዎቻችንን
ለማነጣጠር ካሰብነው ገበያ ጋር አብሮ ይሄዳል ፡፡

ቦታ (ስርጭት )-ምርቶቻችንን የምናሰራጭበት ዋናው መንገዳችን በሱቃችን በኩል ይሆናል ፡ ለወደፊቱ እኛ


የምግብ ማቅረቢያ አገልግሎቶችን መስጠት እንደምንችል ተስፋ እናደርጋለን ፣ ግን በመጀመሪያ ደረጃ ከራሳችን
ተቋማት ውጭ እንሰራለን ፡፡ ደንበኞች የእኛን የተጋገረ ሸቀጣ ሸቀጦዎች ውስጥ ገብተው ሊገዙ እንዲሁም በስልክ
ወይም በቀጥታ በመደብር ቀጠሮ አማካይነት ትዕዛዞችን ማዘጋጀት እና / ወይም መላክ ይችላሉ ፡፡

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ማስተዋወቂያ -በኤፍ ኤም ፣ በሬዲዮ በማስታወቂያ በኩል ደንበኞቻችንን እናገኛለን ብለን ተስፋ እናደርጋለን እናም
በመጀመሪያ አዲሱን ንግዳችንን ለማስተዋወቅ በጋዜጣ ውስጥ ማስታወቂያዎችን እንጠቀማለን ፡ ትኩስ የተጋገረ
እንጀራችንን እና ቂጣችንን የሚሸጥ የዳቦ መጋገሪያ በመባል ለመታወቅ ብንፈልግም እንጀራን በግማሽ ዋጋ የመሸጥ
ሀሳባችን ምርቶቻችንን ያስተዋውቃል ብለን ተስፋ እናደርጋለን ፡፡ በተጨማሪም የእኛ ዋጋ ያለው የህብረተሰብ
ተሳትፎ እንዲሁ የንግድ ሥራችንን የህዝብ አመለካከት በማሻሻል እና ከምንሰራቸው ድርጅቶች ጋር ለሚሳተፉ
ግለሰቦች በማስታወቂያ በማስታወቂያ እንደ ማስተዋወቂያ እንደሚሰራ እንጠብቃለን ፡፡

6.1 የገበያ ክፍፍል


ደንበኞችን በአንድ በተወሰነ ገበያ ውስጥ የመተንተን እና የመመደብ ሂደት አነስተኛ እና ትክክለኛ ዒላማ ገበያዎች
እንዲፈጠሩ ነውን?
ቴስፋ በመካከለኛ ፣ በከፍተኛና በዝቅተኛ የገቢ ገበያዎች ላይ ያተኩራል ፡፡ እነዚህ የገቢያ ክፍሎች አብዛኛዎቹን
የዳቦ ምርቶች ይመገባሉ ፡፡ ለቤተሰቦችም ሆነ ለድርጅቶች በተገዛው መጠን ገበያው ይከፈላል ፡፡

ቤተሰቦች

TESFA ትልቅ መደበኛ የደንበኛ መሠረት ማቋቋም ይፈልጋል ፡፡ ይህ የንግዱን መረጋጋት ለማረጋገጥ ጤናማ ፣
ወጥ የሆነ የገቢ መሠረት ያወጣል ፡፡ ለግለሰብ ብዛት ያላቸው ቤተሰቦች አነስተኛ መጠን ያለው ግዥን በግለሰብ
ደረጃ ይጠብቃል።

የመንግስት እና የግል ድርጅቶች

ኩባንያው እንደ ካፌ ፣ ሆቴሎች እና ምግብ ቤቶች ካሉ ድርጅቶች ከፍተኛ መጠን ያለው ግዢ ይጠብቃል
፡፡ የእነዚህን ትልቅ ገዢዎች ፍላጎት ለማርካት የራሱ ስትራቴጂ ይኖረዋል ፡፡

6.2 ዒላማ የገበያ ክፍል ስትራቴጂ


በእነዚያ ገበያዎች ላይ ያተኮሩ የግብ ግብዎችን መለየት እና የግብይት ድብልቅነቶች ቁርጠኝነት ነው? ለቴሴፋ
ዋነኛው ዒላማ ገበያ የአከባቢው ነዋሪዎች እና የመንግስት እና የግል ድርጅቶች መደበኛ ጅረት ነው ፡፡ በተወዳዳሪ
ዋጋ የግል እና ወጪ ቆጣቢ የደንበኞች አገልግሎት የዚህ ዒላማ ገበያ የአካባቢውን የገቢያ ድርሻ ለማቆየት ቁልፍ
ነው ፡፡

6.3 የአገልግሎት ንግድ ትንተና

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በኢትዮጵያ የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ንግድ ሥራ በቅርቡ ፈጣን እድገት አሳይቷል ፡፡ በአከባቢው ዝቅተኛ ውድድር
ቢኖርም ፣ ‹ቴስፋ› ደንበኞችን በተሻለ ጥራት እና በአስተማማኝ አገልግሎት ዝቅተኛ ዋጋ ያላቸውን ዳቦዎች
የሚደሰቱበት እራሱን እንደ ዳቦ መጋገሪያ አድርጎ ያስቀምጣል ፡፡

6.4 የውድድር እና የግዢ ቅጦች

በአከባቢው ያለው ውድድር በተወሰነ ደረጃ አናሳ ስለሆነ የምርት ጥራት እና የደንበኛ አገልግሎት ደረጃን እንደ
ቴስፋ አያቀርብም ፡፡ ግን አንዳንድ ተፎካካሪዎች ጥንካሬ እና ድክመት አላቸው ፡፡

ጥንካሬ

ተወዳዳሪዎች: እነርሱ በእርግጠኝነት ምክንያቱም በውስጡ ጠንካራ የፋይናንስ አቋም እና የተቋቋመ የግብይት


እና የአሰራር ልማዶች መካከል ዋና ተወዳዳሪዎች ሁለት ይሆናሉ. ሆኖም ሥር የሰደደ የገበያ ቦታ ቢኖርም ፣ ብዙ
ደንበኞች ምቹ ሁኔታን እና ጥሩ ዳቦን በተመጣጣኝ ዋጋዎች የሚሰጡ አነስተኛ እና ገለልተኛ ተቋማትን ይደግፋሉ

ድክመት

ተጨማሪ የዳቦ ምርትን ይጋገራሉ; ግን ብዙ ደንበኞች የሏቸውም ስለሆነም እንጀራው መሸጡን


አላበቃም ፡፡ ያልተሸጠ የግራ እንጀራ ለቀጣይ ጊዜ ይዘጋጃል ይህ የሽያጭ እንቅስቃሴዎች በባክቴሪያ ፈንገስ
በተበከለ ብክለት ምክንያት ለደንበኞች ሕይወት አደገኛ ይሆናሉ ፡፡      
ጥሩ የአመራር አሠራር የላቸውም ፣      
እነሱ g አይደለም ወደ ማህበረሰቡ ተመልሰው ive      
የደንበኛን ስብዕና እንደ ቴስፋ አያቆዩም      

6.5 ስትራቴጂ እና ትግበራ

ከፍተኛ ጥራት ያለው የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ምርቶችን በተወዳዳሪ ዋጋ ሸማቾችን በግል አገልግሎት በመስጠት TESFA
ይሳካል ፡፡ የባለቤቱ ስትራቴጂ የአሁኑን እና የወደፊቱን የዳቦ መጋገሪያ ምርት በትርፍ እና በብቃት መጠቀም
ነውአዮን ቴክኖሎጂ.

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7 የሰው ኃይል ንግድ እና የአስተዳደር እቅዱ

የተስፋ አባላት ለኩባንያው ሥራና አመራር ኃላፊነት ያላቸው የሽርክና ሥራ አስኪያጅ ናቸው ፡፡ ውስን ሀብቶች
በዓለም ውስጥ ያለው ንግድ በመሆኑ ፣ እነዚህን ሀብቶች በተሻለ መንገድ እንዴት እንደሚጠቀሙበት ውሳኔ
ማድረጉ አስፈላጊ ጉዳይ ነው ፡፡ 

ንግዱ ቀልጣፋ የአመራር አሠራሮችን ይከተላል ፡፡ ቢዝነስው በየወሩ በሚሠራበት ደመወዝ ደመወዝ በንግድ
ሥራ ተቀጥረው የሚሠሩ ፣ የተካኑ ፣ ከፊል ችሎታ ያላቸውና ችሎታ ያላቸው ሠራተኞችን ያቀፈ ነው ፡

ስለዚህ የንግድ ሥራ አመራር በቂ ብቃት ይኖረዋል ፡ በበለጠ ሁኔታ የዳቦ መጋገሪያው ሥራ አስኪያጅ ግዴታዎች
እና ግዴታዎች-

    ለንግድ አስተዳደር ተግባራዊ የሆኑ ደንቦችን እና ደንቦችን ለማዘጋጀት

    ሠራተኞች በሥራ ላይ የሚሠሩ መሆናቸውን በተከታታይ ለማጣራት

    ወርሃዊ እና ዓመታዊ በጀትን ለማዘጋጀት እና ለባልደረባዎች ለማፅደቅ ያቅርቡ

    ሽያጮችን ለማስተዋወቅ ስልቶችን እና ዘዴዎችን ለማደራጀት

    በፒ አርቲስቶች ሲወከል ቼክ ለመግዛት እና ለመፈረም ሃላፊነት አለበት

    የሽያጭ ሪፖርቱን ቀን ለማጣራት

    ግብር እና ግዴታዎች በወቅቱ መከፈላቸውን ለማጣራት

    ንግዱ ትርፋማ መሆኑን ለማጣራት የውጤት ጥራት ተጠብቆ ዋጋዎች በተወዳዳሪ ክልል ውስጥ ያሉ ናቸው

    የባንክ ብድሮችን እና ሌሎች ክፍያን ለመፈተሽ በሰዓቱ ተፈጻሚ ይሆናሉ

የአንድ ሥራ አስኪያጅ አንድ ዓላማ ሁሉም ሰራተኞች የንግዱን ምንነት እንዲገነዘቡ እና ለስኬታማነቱ ለመስራት
ንቁ መሆናቸውን ማረጋገጥ አለበት ፡፡

ብዙ ሰዎች በሥራቸው ውስጥ የሚከተሉትን ገጽታዎች እንዲኖራቸው መፈለጉ ተቀባይነት ካገኘ ሥራ አስኪያጁ
እነዚህን ፍላጎቶች ለማሟላት ሥራ ማመቻቸት ይችላል ፡፡

    ተመጣጣኝ ደመወዝ

    የቅጥር ዋስትና

    ለችሎታዎቻቸው እና ለእውቀታቸው መከበር

    ከሌሎች ሰራተኞች ጋር ጥሩ ግንኙነት

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    አዳዲስ ችሎታዎችን የማዳበር እድል

    ምክንያታዊ የሥራ ሁኔታዎች.

ብዙ ሰዎች ችሎታዎቻቸውን እና እውቀቶቻቸውን እውቅና እንዲያገኙ እና በስራቸው ውስጥ እነዚህን የበለጠ


ለማዳበር ይፈልጋሉ ፡፡

7.1 የአስተዳደር ቡድን

አብዛኛዎቹ አጋሮች በሽያጭ ፣ በግብይት ፣ በፋይናንስ ፣ በሂሳብ አያያዝ ፣ በአስተዳደር እና በአስተዳደር ረገድ ሰፊ
ልምድ አላቸው ፡፡

7.2 የሰራተኞች እቅድ

የሰራተኞች እቅድ እንደሚያሳየው TESFA በሽያጭ ፣ በሽያጭ ድጋፍ እና በምርት ልማት ሰራተኞች ላይ ከፍተኛ
ኢንቬስትሜቶችን ያደርጋል ብሎ ይጠብቃል ፡፡

8 የገንዘብ ትንተና

የሽያጭ ስትራቴጂ             

ተፈጥሮ እና የንግድ ውስንነት

ይህ የፋይናንስ ትንበያ በሽያጭ ትንበያ ክፍል እና በተጠቀሰው ደረጃዎች የሽያጭ መጠንን መሠረት


በማድረግ በአስተዳደር ዕውቀት ፣ በኩባንያው የሚጠበቁ ሀብቶች ፣ ዕዳዎች ፣ ካፒታል እና ገቢዎች እና ወጭዎች
እስከሚደርስ ድረስ ነው ፡ ትንበያው ግምታዊ ግምታዊ ግምቶችን ከግምት ውስጥ በማስገባት የተጠበቁ
ሁኔታዎችን የአስተዳደር ዳኝነት እና የሚጠበቅበትን እርምጃ የሚያንፀባርቅ ነው ፡፡ ሠንጠረ show
እንደሚያሳየው TESFA በመጀመሪያው ዓመት ወደ ቢሊዮን 496,000 የሚሸጥ መሆኑን ይገምታል
፡፡ በሁለተኛው ዓመት 505,920 ፣ በሦስተኛው ዓመት Br526,157 ፣ በአራተኛው ብር 575,726 ፣ እና
ብሩ. በእቅዱ በአምስተኛው ዓመት 602,344.  

8.1 የፋይናንስ ዕቅድ

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የተለያዩ የመጋገሪያ ዓይነቶች አሉ-በመደብሮች ውስጥ ሱፐር ማርኬት እና አነስተኛ ችርቻሮ ፡፡ በመደብሮች
ውስጥ ከሚገኙ መጋገሪያዎች የሚወጣው አብዛኛው ገቢ ቢዝነስችን እነዚህን ሽያጮች ያጠፋቸዋል ፡፡ እኛ ከዋና
ዋና ሱፐር ማርኬቶች የበለጠ ልዩ ሙያ እና አገልግሎት ላላቸው ከፍተኛ ጥራት ላለው ምርት ትንሽ ተጨማሪ
ለመክፈል ፈቃደኛ ለሆኑ የከፍተኛ መካከለኛ ዜጎች በተለይም የከፍተኛ መካከለኛ ደረጃዎችን እናነጣጥራለን
፡፡ ለጀማሪ ወጪዎች ካፒታልን ለማግኘት ከባንኩ ብድር ያስፈልጋል ፡፡ የተጠየቀው የረጅም ጊዜ ብድር መጠን
80,000.

8.2 የእረፍት-እንኳን ትንተና

ብሬክ እንኳን በንግድ ትንተና ውስጥ ጠቃሚ መሣሪያ ነው ፡፡ የጠቅላላ ገቢው ከጠቅላላው ወጭ ጋር እኩል
በሚሆንበት ጊዜ የእረፍት ነጥብ እንኳን ይከሰታል ፡፡ የቲ.ኤስ.ኤፍአ እረፍት-ትንተና በጠቅላላው የሽያጭ
የመጀመሪያ ዓመት አሃዞች አማካይነት እና በአሠራር ወጪዎች ላይ የተመሠረተ ነው ፡፡ እነዚህ እንደየክፍሉ ገቢ ፣
የአንድ-ክፍል ወጪ እና እንደ ቋሚ ወጪዎች ቀርበዋል። እነዚህ ወግ አጥባቂ ግምቶች ለትክክለኛው አደጋ
የበለጠ ትክክለኛ ግምት ይሰጣሉ። ቴስፋ ሽያጮቹን ያለማቋረጥ ስለሚያሳድግ በተሰራበት ሁለተኛ ዓመት እንኳን
መቋረጥ አለበት ፡፡

Breakeven point = ጠቅላላ ቋሚ ዋጋ በክብደት አማካይ መዋጮ ህዳግ ተከፍሏል


በአንደኛው ዓመት ውስጥ የተሸጠው ጠቅላላ ዳቦ
2800 + 1200 + 1600 + 28,000 = 33,600
ክብደት ያለው አማካይ የአቅርቦት ህዳግ = WB1CMB1 + WB2CMB2 + WB3CMB3 +
WB4CMB4
2800/33600 * 50 + 1200/33600 * 32 + 1600/33600 * 10 + 28000/33600 * 1
4.166 + 1.142 + 0.4762 + 0.8333 = 6.6
ቤፕ ብዛት = FC / WACM = 22,500 / 6.6 = 34,090 ዳቦዎች
ዳቦ 1 2018-01-02 3 4
እልልልልልልልልልል
ል 121 2
አይሸጥ 2840 1217 እ.ኤ.አ. 1623 28,408
ም እ.ኤ.አ. እ.ኤ.አ.

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የሽያጭ 100 80 40 2018-01-02
ዋጋ እልልልልልልልልልል
ል 121 2
ሽያጮች 284,00 97,360 64,93 56,816
0 0

ጠቅላላ ሽያጭ = 503,106 ብር

ሠንጠረዥ 1: ቋሚ የኢንቬስትሜንት ወጪ ግምት


አይ. መግለጫ ክፍል ብዛት ነጠላ ጠቅላላ
ዋጋ ወጪ
1 መጋገሪያ ማሽን አይ 1 30,000  
2018-01-02 የገንዘብ አይ 1 15,000  
እልልልልልልልልልልል መመዝገቢያ ማሽን
121 2
3 የወለል ድብልቅ አይ 1 12,000  
ማሽን
4 የእንጀራ ቤት አይ 1 15,000  
  ንዑስ ጠቅላላ       72,000
የመሠረት ዋጋ
  ድንገተኛ (4.16%)       3,000
  ድምር       75,000

ሠንጠረዥ 2: መሳሪያዎች እና መሳሪያዎች


አይ መግለጫ ክፍል ብዛት የአንድ ጠቅላላ
ክፍል ወጪ
ዋጋ

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1 የማሳያ መያዣ    3  180  540
ብ   እ.ኤ.አ.
ሩ  
2018-01-02  ቀላቃይ    3  1000  3000
እልልልልልልልልልልል
121 2
3  ፕሮፈፈር    1  2000  2000
እ.ኤ.አ. እ.ኤ.አ.
4  የእቃ    2018-01-02  2500  5,000
ምድጃዎች እልልልልልልልልልልል
121 2
5  ምልክቶች    1  2200  2200
እ.ኤ.አ. እ.ኤ.አ.
6 እቃ ማጠቢያ    1  2600  2600
 
7 ማብሰያ    1  200  200
 
8  የገንዘብ ምዝገባ    1  300  300
9 ጠረጴዛዎች /   1 4,000 4000
ክፍል ማስጌጫ እ.ኤ.አ.
 
10 ሠንጠረዥ   2018-01-02 2500 5,000
እልልልልልልልልልልል
121 2
  ንዑስ ድምር        24,300
  ድንገተኛነት       700
  ድምር       25,000
           

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 8.3 የሽያጭ ትንበያ

የእኛ የሽያጭ ትንበያ እ.ኤ.አ. ከጥር ጃንዋሪ 2008 ጀምሮ ለመጀመሪያው የሥራ ዓመት መጠነኛ ግምቶችን
ያሳያል። ለማቋቋም በኋላ 'የ' Tesfa ጣፋጭ እና በዓላት የሚሆን ቦታ, እኛ የሚከተሉትን ዓመታት ኃይለኛ
የሽያጭ ጭማሪ ፕሮጀክት. 

ሠንጠረዥ 3 የታቀደ ሽያጭ 


1. የአንድ ዓመት አንድ የገቢ        
ግምት
  ዳቦ 1 ዳቦ 2 ዳቦ 3 ዳቦ 4
በየአመቱ የሚሸጡ ክፍሎች ብዛት 2,800 1,200 1,600 28,000
እ.ኤ.አ.
በአንድ ዩኒት አማካይ የሽያጭ ዋጋ Br 100.00 Br 80.00 Br 40.00 ብሩ 2.00
በአንድ ምርት ዓመታዊ ገቢ ብሩ 280,000 ብሩ 96,000 ብሩ 64,000 Br 56,000
ጠቅላላ ዓመት 1 ገቢ                  Br496,000 
2. የተሸጡ ዕቃዎች ዓመት 1 ዋጋ        
  ዳቦ 1 ዳቦ 2 ዳቦ 3 ዳቦ 4
በአንድ ፕሮ የሚጠበቅ አጠቃላይ 50.00% 40,00 25,00% 50.00%
ህዳግ %
ሰርጥ
በአንድ ምርት የተሸጡ ዕቃዎች Br140,000 ብራ 38,400 ብሩ 16,000 ብሩ 28,000
ዓመታዊ ዋጋ
ጠቅላላ ዓመት 1 የሸቀጦች ዋጋ ብሩ 222,400 ተሸጧል 
3. ዓመታዊ ጥገና ፣ ጥገና እና ጥገና  
ምክንያት (%) በካፒታል መሣሪያዎች ላይ 15%
4. ለቀጥታ መስመር የዋጋ ቅነሳ የዓመታት ብዛት 5
   

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5. የረጅም ጊዜ ዕዳ ለሥራ ክንውኖች ፋይናንስ ጥቅም ላይ እየዋለ ከሆነ አጠቃላይ የብድር ዋጋውን ብሩ 80,000
ያስገቡ ፡፡
 

9 አባሪ

 ሠንጠረዥ 4: የንግድ ሥራ ትርፍ እና ኪሳራ

የትርፋማ እና ኪሳራ ሰንጠረዥ እንደሚያሳየው TESFA በሚቀጥሉት አምስት ዓመታት ሥራዎች ላይ


የማያቋርጥ ትርፋማነቱን እንደሚቀጥል ይጠብቃል ፡፡

የገቢ መግለጫ (ትርፍ እና ኪሳራ መግለጫ) ለተወሰነ ጊዜ ገቢዎችን ፣ ወጪዎችን እና የተጣራ ገቢ (ወይም
የተጣራ ኪሳራ) ያሳያል። የተጣራ ገቢ ጠቅላላ ገቢ ከጠቅላላው ወጪዎች የሚበልጥበት መጠን ነው ፡፡ የተገኘው
ትርፍ በአጋሮች ዋና ከተሞች ላይ ታክሏል ፡፡ የተጣራ ኪሳራ የአጋሮቹን የካፒታል ሂሳብ ይቀንሰዋል።    
 
የበጀት ገቢ እና ኪሳራ መግለጫ
  ዓመት 1 ዓመት 2 ዓመት 3 ዓመት 4 ዓመት 5

ገቢ                                      
Br496,00 Br505,920 Br526,157 Br57,726 ብራ 602,344
 አጠቃላይ ገቢ 0
 
222,400 226,848 235,922 250,077 270,083
 የተሸጡ ዕቃዎች ዋጋ
 
Br273,60 Br279,072 ብራ 290,235 ብራ 307,649 ብራ 332,261
 ግዙፍ ኅዳግ 0
 
Br 0 Br 0 Br 10,000 Br 0 Br 0
 ሌሎች ገቢዎች [ምንጭ]
 
Br 1,000 Br 0 Br 0 Br 0 Br 0
 የወለድ ገቢ
 
Br274,60 Br279,072 ብራ 300,235 ብራ 307,649 ብራ 332,261
 ጠቅላላ ገቢ 0
 
         
የሥራ ማስኬጃ ወጪዎች

41 | P a g e
 
ብሩ ብራ ብራ 42,432 Br 44,978 ብራ 48,576
 የሽያጭ እና ግብይት 40,000 40,800
 
60,000 ብራ ብራ 63,648 ብራ 67,467 ብራ 72,864
 ደመወዝ 61,200
 
40,000 40,800 41,600 42,400 43,200
 ዋጋ መቀነስ
 
የመድን ወጪ 20 ሺህ 20 ሺህ 20 ሺህ 20 ሺህ 20 ሺህ
ኪራይ ወጪ 20 ሺህ 20,800 22,432 24,978 28,576
15,000 15,300 15,600 15,900 16,200
 ጥገና, ጥገና እና ጥገና
 
30,000 ብራ ብራ 31,824 ብራ 33,733 ብራ 36,432
 መገልገያዎች 30,600
 
15,000 ብራ ብሩ 15,912 ብራ 16,867 ብራ 18,216
 የንብረት ግብር 15,300
 
20 ሺህ ብራ ብራ 19,094 ብራ 20,240 ብራ 21,859
 የአስተዳደር ክፍያዎች 18,360
 
14,700 ብራ 4,080 ብራ 4,243 ብራ 4,498 ብራ 4,858
 ሌላ
 
Br274,70 Br267,240 ብራ 276,786 ብራ 291,061 ብራ 310,782
 ጠቅላላ የሥራ ወጪዎች 0
 
የሥራ ማስኬጃ ገቢ Br -100 ብራ ብራ 23,449 ብራ 16,588 ብራ 21,479
  11,832
በረጅም ጊዜ ዕዳ ላይ የወለድ ወጪ (Interst 3,590 2,866 2,106 እ.ኤ.አ. 1,308 እ.ኤ.አ. 470 እ.ኤ.አ.
rx መጠን የተዋሰው) እ.ኤ.አ. እ.ኤ.አ.
 
ከሌሎች ነገሮች በፊት ገቢን ማስኬድ ብራ -3,690 ብሩ 8,966 ብራ 21,344 ብራ 15,281 ብራ 21,010
 
0 0 1,000 0
 በንብረት ሽያጭ ላይ ኪሳራ (ትርፍ) 0
   
ብራ -3,690 ብሩ 8,966 ብራ 22,344 ብራ 15,281 ብራ 21,010
ገቢዎች ወይም የተጣራ ገቢ
 

 
42 | P a g e
ሠንጠረዥ 5: የንግድ ሥራ የገንዘብ ፍሰት

የገንዘብ ፍሰት ትንበያ እንደሚያሳየው ቢዝነስ ሥራዎችን ለመደገፍ የሚያስችል የገንዘብ


ፍሰት ስለሚያመነጭ ለተከታታይ ወጪዎች የሚደነግጉ የ TESFA ፍላጎቶችን ለማሟላት በቂ ናቸው ፡
የገንዘብ ፍሰት
  ዓመት 1 ዓመት 2 ዓመት 3 ዓመት 4 ዓመት 5

የክወና እንቅስቃሴዎች          
  የተጣራ ገቢ ብራ -3,690 ብሩ 8,966 ብራ ብራ ብራ 21,010
22,344 15,282
  ዋጋ መቀነስ 40,000 40,800 41,600 42,400 43,200
  የሚከፈሉ መለያዎች 0 1,000 0 -1,500 0
  ጠቅላላ የሥራ ብራ Br50,766 ብራ Br57,597 ብራ 64,210
እንቅስቃሴዎች 36,310 63,944
እንቅስቃሴዎችን ኢንቬስት ማድረግ          
  የቋሚ ንብረቶች ሽያጭ Br 0 Br 0 (Br1,000) Br 0 Br 0
  ጠቅላላ የኢንቬስትሜንት Br 0 Br 0 (Br1,000) 0 Br 0
እንቅስቃሴዎች
የገንዘብ እንቅስቃሴዎች          
  የረጅም ጊዜ ዕዳ / ፋይናንስ ብራ (Br65,202) Br 9,038 ብራ (Br 92,598)
85,522 33,240
  ጠቅላላ የገንዘብ ድጋፍ Br85,522 (Br65,202) Br 9,038 Br33,240 ብሩ 92,598)
እንቅስቃሴዎች
የተጠራቀመ የገንዘብ ፍሰት Br121,832 (br17,125) Br65,279 Br84,836 (br 34,691)
የጥሬ ገንዘብ ሚዛን ብሩ 50 ብራ 81,829 Br164,704 Br229,982 ብራ
314,819
የገንዘብ ቀሪ ሂሳብን ማብቃት Br171,832 Br164,704 Br229,982 Br314,819 ብራ
280,128

43 | P a g e
 

ሠንጠረዥ 6 ሚዛን ሉህ

የሚከተለው ለ ‹ቴስፋ› የታቀደ ሚዛን ወረቀት ነው ፡፡ ለአምስት ተከታታይ ዓመታት የቢዝነስ እቅዱ ሚዛናዊ
ሉህ 

ሀብቶች የመጀመሪያ ዓመት 1 ዓመት 2 ዓመት 3 ዓመት 4 ዓመት 5


ሚዛን
የገንዘብ እና የአጭር ጊዜ ብሩ 50 ብራ 181,829 ብራ 164,704 ብሩ Br314,819 ብራ 280,128
ኢንቬስትሜቶች 229,982
 ለመቀበል የሚቻሉ 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000
አካውንቶች
 ጠቅላላ ክምችት 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000
 ሌሎች ወቅታዊ ሀብቶች 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000
 ጠቅላላ የአሁኑ ሀብቶች ብሩ 83,000 ብራ 214,829 ብራ 197,704 ብራ Br347,819 ብራ 313,128
262,982
 ሕንፃዎች Br 100,000 Br 100,000 Br 100,000 Br 100,000 Br100,000 Br 100,000
 መሬት 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000
 ማሽኖች እና መሳሪያዎች 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000
 ያነሰ: የተከማቸ የዋጋ ቅናሽ 0 40,000 80,800 122,400 164,800 208,000
ወጪ
 የተጣራ ንብረት / ብሩ 300,000 Br 260,000 ብራ 219,200 ብራ Br135,200 Br 92,000
መሳሪያዎች 177,600
 ጠቅላላ ሀብቶች ብራ 383,000 ብራ 474,829 ብራ 416,904 Br440,582 Br483,019 ብራ 405,128
ግዴታዎች የመጀመሪያ ዓመት 1 ዓመት 2 ዓመት 3 ዓመት 4 ዓመት 5
ሚዛን

44 | P a g e
 የሚከፈሉ መለያዎች Br 2,000 Br 2,000 ብሩ 3,000 ብሩ 3,000 Br 1,500 Br 1,500
 ሌሎች ወቅታዊ ግዴታዎች Br 1000 100 100 100 100 100
 ጠቅላላ የአሁኑ ዕዳዎች   Br 3000 ብሩ 2,100 ብሩ 3,100 ብሩ 3,100 ብሩ 1,600 ብሩ 1,600
 የብድር ክፍያ ካልኩሌተር    ብሩ 80,000 ብሩ 65,522 ብራ 50,320 ብራ 34,358 ብሩ Br 0
ውስጥ የረጅም ጊዜ ዕዳ 17,598
 ሌሎች የረጅም ጊዜ ዕዳ Br 0 ብራ 98,800 ብሩ 50,900 Br 74,900 ብራ Br 49,900
24,900
 ጠቅላላ ዕዳ ብሩ 83,000 ብራ 164,322 Br 104,320 ብራ Br 44,098 Br 51,500
112,358
  0 0 0 0 0 0
 ጠቅላላ ግዴታዎች ብሩ 83,000 ብራ 164,322 Br 104,320 ብራ Br144,098 Br 51,500
112,358
ፍትሃዊነት የመጀመሪያ ዓመት 1 ዓመት 2 ዓመት 3 ዓመት 4 ዓመት 5
ሚዛን
የአጋሮች ካፒታል ብሩ 300,000 ብራ 296,310 ብራ 312,584 ብራ ብራ ብሩ 353,628
328,224 338,921
          00  
  0 0 0 0 0 0
  0          
  ብሩ         ቢ
             
             
 ጠቅላላ ግዴታዎች እና ብራ 383,000 ብራ 474,829 ብራ 416,904 ብራ Br483,019 ብራ 405,128
ካፒታል 440,582
 

45 | P a g e
የመጀመሪያው ጽሑፍ
505,920in the second year, Br526,157in the third year, Br.557,726 in the fourth, and Br.
የተሻለ ትርጉም ያበርክቱ

46 | P a g e

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