Problem Statement
How big an area of a roof must be covered with how many PV modules (mono
crystalline and poly crystalline) and system cost to generate an average
household annual use of electricity?
Data
Efficiency of PV System η=12%
Lifetime of System 20 Years
Average Price for Conventional Electricity 13.08 Rs Per kWh
PV Module Selected
Tanfon 450 w mono
current 9.31 Amp
voltage 48 V
power 450 W
Solar Insolation 1650 W/m2
Efficiency 12%
Available Power/m2 198Wm-2
ESH Real 6 Hours
Area per kW 10m2
System Voltage 24V
Household Load Calculation
DC Loads
DC Device Quantity Watts Hours Watt Hours
Laptop 2 65 4 520
LCD 1 80 6 480
LED Lights 4 15 4 240
Personal Computer 1 350 0.25 87.5
Chargers 3 20 2 120
Refrigerator 1 350 24 8400
Kitchen Appliances 1 100 1 100
Total DC Load = 9947.5 Wh
AC Loads
AC Device Quantity Watts Hours Watt Hours
Fans 2 75 5 750
Tube Lights 2 50 0.25 25
Microwave Oven 1 350 0.25 87.5
Washing Machine 1 350 0.5 175
Exhaust Fans 2 15 0.25 7.5
Water Pump 1 350 0.5 175
Air Conditioner 1 1000 5 5000
Iron 1 1200 0.75 900
Total AC Load = 7120 Wh
Equivalent DC Load = AC Load/0.85
Equivalent DC LoadAC = 8376.5 Wh
Total Load = DC Load + Equivalent DC Load
Total Load = 18324 Wh
Total Ams-hrs/day = DC Load / System Nominal Voltage
System Nominal Voltage = 24V
Total Ams-hrs/day = 381.75 Ampere Hours per Day
Battery Losses = 1 + Efficiency of PV Module
Battery Losses = 1.12
Total DC Ampere Hours Requirement = Total Ams-Hrs × Battery Losses
Total DC Ampere Hours Requirement = 427.56 Ampere Hours Per Day
Total PV Current = Total DC Current / ESH
Total PV Current = 71.26
Modules
Parallel Modules = Total PV Current / PV Maximum Current
Parallel Modules = 8
Series Modules = System Nominal Voltage / PV Maximum Voltage
Series Modules = 1
Total Modules = Series Modules * Parallel Modules
Total Modules = 8
Battery Capacity
Battery Capacity = PV Current * Res Days / Battery Usage
Battery Capacity = 356 Ampere Days
Or
Battery Capacity = 8544 Ampere Hours
Total Area
Total System Watts = Total Modules * Module Wattage
Total System Watts = 3600 Watts
Area = KiloWatts * 10
Area = 36 m2
Or
Area = 388.8 ft2