SOLVING PROJECT USING (ACTIVE ON NODE (AON) or Precedence

Diagram Method (PDM)

A Comparison of AON and AOA Network Conventions

No Activity on Arrow
Activity on Node (AON) Activity Meaning
. (AOA)
A comes before B, which comes
a)
before C

A and B must both be completed

b)
before C can start

B and C cannot begin until A is

c)
completed

C and D cannot begin until A

d) and B have both been
completed
C cannot begin until both A and
B are completed; D cannot
e) begin until B is completed. A
dummy activity is introduced in
AOA
B and C cannot begin until A is
completed. D cannot begin until
f) both B and C are completed. A
dummy activity is again
introduced in AOA.

Perform a Critical Path Analysis

Example1: The following table lists the jobs of a network with their time estimate.

Activity A B C D E F G H
Predecessors ------ ----- A A,B C C E,D F,G
Duration(day) 2 3 2 4 4 3 5 2
a) Draw the project network using Activity on Arrow (AOA).
b) Calculate the time for completing of the project and find the critical path.

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 Solution: a)

b) H.W…….. Continue to complete

Example2: The following table lists the jobs of a network with their time estimate.

Activity A B C D E F G H
Predecessors ------ ----- A A,B C C E,D F,G
Duration(day) 2 3 2 4 4 3 5 2
a) Draw the project network Activity on Node (AON)
b) Calculate the time for completing of the project and find the critical path.

Solution: a)

c)

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 d) Critical path (slack= LS-ES=0) (i.e. when LS=ES)
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 (Note: Slack is the length of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the
entire project).

Example3: The following table lists the jobs of a network with their time estimate.

Activity to tm tp
1--2 3 6 15
1--6 2 5 14
2--3 6 12 30
2--4 2 5 8
3--5 5 11 17
4--5 3 6 15
6--7 3 9 27
5--8 1 4 7
7--8 4 19 28
a) Draw the project network using (AON).
b) Calculate the length and variance of the critical path.
c) What is approximate probability that the jobs on the critical path will be
completed by the due date of 40 day?
d) What due date has about 95% chance of being met?

Solution: a)
Activit Activity predecessor to tm tp Mean duration Variance standard
y
1--2 A ----- 3 6 15 7 4 deviation
2
1--6 B ----- 2 5 14 6 4 2
2--3 C A 6 1 30 14 16 4
2--4 D A 2 25 8 5 1 1
3--5 E C 5 1 17 11 4 2
4--5 F D 3 61 15 7 4 2
6--7 G B 3 9 27 11 16 4
5--8 H E,F 1 4 7 4 1 1
7--8 I G 4 1 28 18 16 4
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b) The critical path calculations are shown in Figure, the critical path is:

A—C—E—H

Project Completion Time ( μ) =36 Week

The sum of the variance of the critical activities (δ 2) = 4+16+4+1= 25 weeks

c)

δ=√ δ =√ 25=5 weeks

2

(
P ( x ≤ 40 ) =P Z ≤
x−μ
δ ) (
=P Z ≤
40−36
5 )
P ( Z ≤0.8 )=0.7881=78.81 %

P ( 0.95 ) ⇒ Z=1.64∨1.65

x −μ x−36
Z= ⇒1.64= ⇒ x =44.2=44 Week
δ 5

Gant Chart

Example5: solve Example 3 using Gantt chart.

Solution:

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Example4: H.W: Solve all previous examples (AOA) in CH2 using (AON).

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