The document discusses causes and effects of population density in urban areas. It states that population density occurs in cities due to factors like high birth rates, decreasing death rates, rural to urban migration for jobs and amenities. This leads to overcrowding and issues like environmental degradation, pollution, spread of diseases, poverty, and decline in quality of life. Managing population distribution through equitable development and movement across regions can help address problems from population density.
The document discusses causes and effects of population density in urban areas. It states that population density occurs in cities due to factors like high birth rates, decreasing death rates, rural to urban migration for jobs and amenities. This leads to overcrowding and issues like environmental degradation, pollution, spread of diseases, poverty, and decline in quality of life. Managing population distribution through equitable development and movement across regions can help address problems from population density.
The document discusses causes and effects of population density in urban areas. It states that population density occurs in cities due to factors like high birth rates, decreasing death rates, rural to urban migration for jobs and amenities. This leads to overcrowding and issues like environmental degradation, pollution, spread of diseases, poverty, and decline in quality of life. Managing population distribution through equitable development and movement across regions can help address problems from population density.
The document discusses causes and effects of population density in urban areas. It states that population density occurs in cities due to factors like high birth rates, decreasing death rates, rural to urban migration for jobs and amenities. This leads to overcrowding and issues like environmental degradation, pollution, spread of diseases, poverty, and decline in quality of life. Managing population distribution through equitable development and movement across regions can help address problems from population density.
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Pertambahan penduduk di dunia tidak hanya berasal dari kelahiran atau pertumbuhan
penduduk alami, namun juga akibat pertumbuhan urbanisasi yang menyebabkan munculnya daerah pemukiman miskin dan padat. Setiap pusat pemukiman padat penduduk memiliki masalah degradasi fungsi lingkungan dengan skala yang berbeda. Hal tersebut juga terjadi pada perkotaan besar di Indonesia. Tingginya populasi penduduk dalam mengubah pola konsumsi lahan, perkembangan industri yang tidak seimbang, ketidaksesuaian kepadatan transportasi, kurangnya pemenuhan kebutuhan pokok, penurunan sumber daya air serta flora dan fauna, dan infrastruktur lingkungan yang buruk selanjutnya menjadikan faktor utama penurunan kualitas lingkungan perkotaan [1]. Menurut perkiraan Millenium Development Goal (MDG) pada tahun 2020, sekitar 1.4 miliar manusia di dunia berada dalam kondisi miskin, tersebar di negara-negara berkembang. Indonesia merupakan negara berkembang dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar ketiga di dunia. Overpopulation
Introduction
Overpopulation or population explosion is the condition of too many people on Earth so that the existing resources are insufficient to meet their needs. Then in general, the level of population density (population density) is the ratio of the number of residents to the area based on a certain unit area. Population density is an indicator of population pressure in an area. In particular, population density occurs in urban areas, in other words, urban population density is a high population but with a narrow land area. Population density in cities has become one of the problems in a country's life system. Population density in urban areas occurs due to several factors as a cause.
Content
Population density in the city center is caused by the following factors. Birth factor is the main factor that causes a big influence on population density. An increasing number of births in an area will increase the population in that city. this happens because there are birthsthat continue to increase from time to time. Then, high birth and increasing population are the two things that cause population density or are called overpopulation. Furthermore, the increasing population due to the increasing birth rate every time and accompanied by a low death rate causes the population density to become wider. Then, the low death rate in a city is the next factor that causes population density. This low mortality rate occurs because of high competition for life and an imbalance in the number of birth rates and death rates, so this needs to be considered to provide the right solution to the problem of population density. Then, the final cause of population density in the city center is due to population movement. Population movement or migration is one of the population mobility that occurs due to the movement of residents from other villages or cities to better city centers. Furthermore, population displacement occurs when human resources choose to move to cities due to economic factors and social life. Then, uneven population movement will cause an area to experience population density. Population density that will always be inherent in an area can have an influence on development in that area. In fact, population density can have an impact on the welfare of the population in an area, so we cannot underestimate population density. Furthermore, with other studies, namely areas that have a high level of population density usually occurs in urban areas where many urbanites are visit these cities. Impact of the highest population density is the decline in the quality of the population (education, health, income and profession). With low education will enter into jobs in the sector informal with low income. With low income they are unable to meet the needs of both health, food and shelter, this makes it difficult for them tachieve a prosperous or quality life. Population density can have a positive or negative impact on quality live, and either directly or indirectly population density will affect his quality of life. However, the most important thing is the negative impact felt by the community which is very important to know. Then the impact experienced when population density occurs is poverty. The increase in the poverty rate can be interpreted as spending too much compared to the income received by the population. In this case, the expenditure in question is expenditure that is used to meet the necessities of life, such as clothing, food, and boards that are suitable for use. Then more and more pollution, when humans try to meet their needs, things appear that can cause the amount of pollution to increase. The amount of pollution in an area can pollute the environment, so that the environment becomes dirty and unhealthy. In fact, it can transmit various diseases. In the world of health, there were Fifty-four studies that met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated using a quality assessment tool for ecological studies. As a result, high population density appears to have an impact on higher mortality rates. Deaths occur mainly from various types of cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and club foot. In contrast, the incidence of diabetes was found to be associated with a lower population density. Therefore, high and low population densities are risk markers for various NCDs, indicating that there are unidentified factors and mechanisms underlying the etiology. In addition to physical, population density can also have an impact on mental health. Higher densities can lead to stress and social isolation, which are often associated with depression and anxiety disorders. So, Population Density can be affect quality of life its inhabitants. In areas with high density, effort increase in the quality of the population will harder to do. This matter cause social problems economy, welfare, security, Availability of land, clean water and food needs. The impact the biggest is damage environment.
Conclution
So population density is something that happens because of factors from society both seen from the economic and social life and population density also has an impact that must be considered such as the impact on health, economy and social life. Therefore, population density must be overcome by means of equitable development in each region and equitable population movement.
Causes and Effect of Overpopulation
Overpopulation or overabundance is a phenomenon in which a species' population
becomes larger than the carrying capacity of its environment. One example of an overpopulation city is Jakarta. Irregular population numbers have a negative impact on the environment, and all of this is caused by the increasing needs of an ever-increasing population. There are several causes of overpopulation as described below. First, shopping centers, cities with shopping centers are one of the causes of overpopulation in an area. With a shopping center in the area, more people will be interested in living in the area. As a result, the city becomes overcrowded because people come from outside the area. The second cause of overpopulation is because the city is a center of business or employment. With the availability of many jobs in a city, more and more people will come from outside the area, especially people of productive age. As a result, there is a reduction in the population of productive age in rural areas who choose to move to places where there are many jobs available. The third is because the city is a vacation spot. With so many vacation spots in a city, people will be interested in visiting that city. In fact, some of them choose to live in the area because there are many vacation spots that they can access. As a result, the spread of disease can occur quickly. Moreover, what has happened recently is the Covid-19 pandemic which has resulted in many people dying due to contracting the disease from the virus. From the explanation above, the conclusion that we get is that overpopulation is caused by several things such as in an area it is a shopping center, business center or employment center and there are vacation spots. This has an impact on the city becoming too dense and can result in the spread of dangerous diseases.
REFERENCES https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Overpopulation? _x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=id&_x_tr_pto=tc,sc https://www.gramedia.com/literasi/faktor-penyebab-tingginya-pertumbuhan-penduduk/ Long Term Consequences of Over Population The increase can be in birth and immigration. The human population is influenced by social customs that govern reproduction and by technological developments, particularly in the fields of medicine and public health. Because with the development of technology has reduced mortality and extended human life. One obvious cause is the existence of high birth rates and low death rates. So, the population explosion is also influenced by anti-mortality and pronatal factors. 1. The death rate is decreasing. The decline in the death rate is due to the improving public health conditions and reduced cases of malnutrition. In addition, the emergence of awareness in the community about the importance of maintaining health. 2. The birth rate has increased dramatically. The soaring birth rate in a given unit of time is caused by various factors, starting from the view that many children have lots of fortune, offspring, and others. 3. The high age of marriage at a young age. One of the reasons for the high birth rate is the young age of the marriage factor. This is also accompanied by the response of having to have children as soon as possible after marriage. The impact of population explosion can also cause environmental damage because the potential for people to take natural resources is great. Population explosion that is not balanced with job opportunities can cause high unemployment as well. In areas with high density, efforts to improve the quality of the population will be more difficult to do. This raises socio-economic problems, welfare, security, availability of land, clean water and food needs. The biggest impact is environmental damage. The faster population growth occurs, the more unavoidable population density, so that an area cannot run the population system optimally. In addition, increasingly dense population growth can also disrupt the education system and the shortage of health facilities.
Overpopulation in the world is a global phenomenon and is more visible in developing and underdeveloped countries. Even developed countries are witnessing a large influx of migratory populations from developing and underdeveloped countries. Indonesia itself is a developing country with the 4th largest population in the world. One of the most densely populated cities in Indonesia is Jakarta, which is the center of industry and economy. Jakarta is also the capital city of Indonesia which has a dense population and it can even be said that Jakarta is an overpopulated place.
CAUSE
Jakarta is said to be an overpopulated place because Jakarta is the center of industry in
Indonesia, many immigrants come to Jakarta to look for work because Jakarta itself provides many jobs and generally the salary offered is higher than other areas. In Jakarta itself there are also many people who do not realize the importance of school and if you look at it, many of them are illiterate. Apart from that, in Jakarta itself, many people are not aware of the importance of following the family planning program.
EFFECTS
The impact caused by overpopulation in Jakarta is the depletion of resources in certain areas, and because the number of people who use them is large and their consumption is fast, it causes rapid depletion, one example is water which is a vital resource, therefore in Jakarta many use it. drilled wells which then have a negative impact on Jakarta because these wells can cause land subsidence, therefore Jakarta itself is prone to flooding In addition, overpopulation also causes unemployment, namely there is a lot of competition and vacancies in various sectors are generally the same.The next impact is poverty caused by unemployment due to overpopulation and also scarcity of resources, generally this poverty occurs in remote areas.And the other impact is the high crime rate due to poverty and the unavailability of many jobs for people with low education and partly due to self-factors.
SOLUTION
To overcome overpopulation in Jakarta, the government has prepared and disseminated
family planning (KB) programs to address excess population levels, and the government is also trying to build public awareness through education and communication and advertising which says that quality of life depends on the number of family members.
CONCLUSION Jakarta is the 1st largest city in Indonesia, there are many industries in the city, therefore many people migrate to get higher paying jobs there. Therefore, Jakarta is increasingly densely populated, even due to overpopulation, many people build houses right up to the river's edge. The much-needed resources are also very minimal in Jakarta such as water, therefore many have built drilled wells resulting in land subsidence as a result of which the land is lower than the sea. So that the government predicts that Jakarta will sink one day, then the capital city of Indonesia, namely Jakarta, will change to Kalimantan.
https://ilmugeography.com/ilmu-social/cara-mengatasi-permbuh-penduduk-yang-tinggi/amp Overpopulation or population explosion is a condition where there are too many people on Earth so that the available resources are insufficient to meet their needs. Under current conditions, it is estimated that the Earth is still able to meet the needs of around 11 billion people. Every year the world's population increases by about 80 million. About half of the world's population lives in countries with fertility substitution and population growth due to immigration. According to Worldometer, as of 20 September 2020, the total number of humans is around 7.8 billion. The PBB calculation is also above 7 billion. The birth of the 7 billionth baby was commemorated by the United Nations in 2011. With growth like this, it is necessary to increase resources by 70 percent to be able to meet human needs in 2050.
Population growth that will always be attached to a region or country can have an impact on development in that region. In addition, population growth can affect the welfare of the population in an area, so we cannot underestimate population growth. Population density in many urban areas has various causes and effects. The first reason is due to the birth factor. the number of births is greater than the number of deaths. This may be due to pregnancy out of wedlock. More births than deaths this gives the effect of overcrowding is increasingly inevitable. So that a region cannot run the population system optimally. Economic factors are also one of the causes of a population explosion in a region. This is because differences in income levels in big cities and other areas cause residents to move to big cities. Odd jobs are also considered capable of providing better income than income in the village. Job opportunities, especially in the informal sector which are wide open, are the cause of migration flows from villages to cities. This can have the effect of causing a lack of food availability and also increasing unemployment in big cities due to the large population.
Population growth that continues to increase will have a negative impact on the population itself, starting from environmental damage, diminishing land, to increasing unemployment. Therefore, we should be aware that population growth must be controlled as well as possible. The way that each family can do is the Family Planning Program (KB). By maintaining population growth, it will be easy for the population agency to control it. The community is also prosperous and the place where we live is maintained. cause of the large population in the city center The high birth rate can be used as a benchmark or assessment of the growth statistics of rural and urban communities. The high birth rate is due to the prevalence of early marriage, especially in urban areas. birth, urban areas are synonymous with high population levels because urban areas are areas that have main non-agricultural activities and serve as government distribution service centers as well as economic activities. Urban centers are currently a major problem due to overpopulation. It is undeniable why cities are densely populated places due to frequent urbanization. Urbanization is the movement of people from villages to cities, which causes the population in cities to become denser. As for the factors that are the main reason they urbanize is the economic factor, where people in the village think that if they move to the city they will get a better life. but without realizing that this population density has several negative impacts that are detrimental personally. for example the impact is that population density causes activity to also increase. population density can cause rampant pollution, slower movement and especially the level of congestion increases. and now the most dominating is the high unemployment rate which causes a high crime rate. and it can be concluded that urbanization as one of the causes of urban population density has indirectly destroyed the economic and financial systems of the general public.
