DAILY DOSE – SIMPLIFIED LEARNING MATERIAL (2021-22)

ASSIGNMENT NO:25 SUBJECT:PHYSICS CLASS:11th DATE: 08.06.2021

CLASS : 11TH
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
01 PHYSICAL WORLD &
UNIT NO. & NAME :
MEASUREMENTS
CHAPTER NO. &
: ( 1&2)UNITS AND MEASUREMENTS
NAME
TOPIC : QUESTION ANSWER (2 MARKS)

2 MARKS QUESTION

Q1. What do you understand by measurement of physical

quantity?
Ans: Measurement of physical quantity means comparison of a physical quantity
with another homogeneous quantity of same kind taken as standard to find
out how many times the given standard is contained in the given physical
quantity.

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 DAILY DOSE – SIMPLIFIED LEARNING MATERIAL (2021-22)

ASSIGNMENT NO:25 SUBJECT:PHYSICS CLASS:11th DATE: 08.06.2021

Q2. What are fundamental units?

Ans: Fundamental units: The units of fundamental physical quantities are known
as fundamental units. Example unit of mass (kg), length (m) and time (s)

Q3. What are derived units?

Ans: Derived units: The units of derived physical quantities are known as derived
units. Example, unit of velocity (m/s), momentum (kgm/s)

Q4. Write characteristics of standard unit.

Ans: 1. It should be well defined.
2. It should be suitable size.
3. It should be easily accessible.
4. It should be reproducible at all places without any difficulty
5. It should not change with time, place and physical conditions like pressure,
Temperature etc.
6. It should be widely acceptable.
7. It should be accurately defined.

Q5. Define system of units. Name various system of units.

Ans: System of units: A complete set of fundamental and derived units of all
kinds of physical quantities, is known as system of units.
1. The cgs system: In this system, the unit of length is centimeter (cm) the
unit of mass is gram (g) and the unit of time is second (s).
2. The fps system: In this system, the units of length is foot, the unit of mass
is pound and the unit of time is second (s).
3. The mks system: In this system, the unit of length is meter (m), unit of
mass is kilogram (kg) and the unit of time is second (s).
4. SI unit (International Systems of Units): In SI, there are seven
fundamental units and two supplementary units.

Q6. What are the advantages if SI units.

Ans: i) It is a coherent system of unit
ii) It is a rational system of unit
iii) It is a metric system.
iv) This is internationally accepted Unit.

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ASSIGNMENT NO:25 SUBJECT:PHYSICS CLASS:11th DATE: 08.06.2021

Q7. What do you mean by the order of the magnitude of the

numerical value?
Ans: The order of the physical quantity is the magnitude in the power of ten (10).
When the physical quantity is expressed in the power of 10 with one digit to
the left of the decimal.

Q8. Define Astronomical Unit (A.U.).

Ans: It is the mean distance between the centers of sun and earth.
The distance between the centers of sun and earth is equal to
1AU = 1.496 X 1011 m.

Q9. Define the light year.

Ans: It is the distance traveled by light in vacuum in one year.
As we know, the speed of light is maximum i.e., 3x108 ms-1
We use the speed of light to measure the distances between galaxies, stars
etc.
As we know, speed of light in vacuum = 30,00,00,000 ms-1
And 1 year = 365 x 24 x 60 x 60s = 31540000 s
1 light year= 30, 00, 00,000 x 31540000m = 9461000000000000m
1 Light Year = 9.46 x1015m

Q10. Define parsec?

Ans: One parallactic second is defined as the radius of a circle at the center of
which an arc of one Astronomical unit subtends an angle of one second.
Parallactic second (or parsec) = 3.08 x 1016m

Q11. Derive the relation between light year (ly) and astronomical
unit (A.U.).
Ans: We know, 1 light year(ℓy) = 9.46 x 1015m and
1 astronomical unit (AU) = 1.5 x 1011m
1AU1.5 x 1011m
1ly/1AU= 6.3 x 104
1ℓy = 6.3 x 104AU

Q12. Write the characteristics of mass of a body.

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ASSIGNMENT NO:25 SUBJECT:PHYSICS CLASS:11th DATE: 08.06.2021

Ans: 1. Mass of a body is directly proportional to the quantity of matter contained
in it.
2. Mass of the body is independent of the shape and size of the body.
3. Mass of the body does not change by presence of other bodies near it.
4. Mass of body cannot be zero.
5. Mass of the body is constant if the speed of the body is low. However,
mass of the body changes if its speed (v) is comparable with the speed of
light in vacuum (c).
𝑚
In that case, m = 𝑜 2, 𝑚0 is rest mass of the body and
√1−𝑣2
𝑐
8 -1
c = 3 × 10 ms .
6. Mass of the body does not depend on the temperature, pressure and
location of the body on the earth.

Q13. What is difference between inertial mass and gravitational

mass of the body?
Ans: Inertial mass of the body is quantitive measure of inertia of the body. It is
measured with inertial balance.
Gravitational mass of a body is its property on which the gravitational force
of attraction of earth on the body depends. It is measured with Physical
balance.

Q14. Define atomic mass unit (a.m.u.).

Ans: Atomic mass unit (a.m.u.) is equal to the 1/12th of the mass of one 6C12
atom.
One a.m.u. =1.66 X 10-27 kg.

Q15. Define Shake.

Ans: Shake is the small unit of time.
1 Shake = 10 nanosecond.
= 10X10-9 s
=10-8 s.

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 DAILY DOSE – SIMPLIFIED LEARNING MATERIAL (2021-22)

ASSIGNMENT NO:25 SUBJECT:PHYSICS CLASS:11th DATE: 08.06.2021

Q16. What do you mean by Accuracy and Precision of

measurement?
Ans: Accuracy: The closeness of measured value to the true value of the physical
quantity is known as the accuracy of the measurement.
Precision: Precision means how close measured values of a physical
quantity by an instrument to each other.

Q17. What do you means by error in measure of physical

quantity?
Ans: It is defined as the difference between the true value and measured value
(or observed value) of the physical quantity.

Q18. Name various types of errors.

Ans: Types of errors:
1. Systematic errors
2. Random errors
3. Least count errors

Q19. Define absolute error?

Ans: Absolute error: Absolute error of given value of physical quantity is the
difference between the mean value (true value) and measured value
(observed value) of the physical quantity under consideration. It is donated
by ∆ x.
∆𝑥 = 𝑥 − x

Q20. Define mean absolute error.

Ans: Mean absolute error: The arithmetic mean or average of all the absolute
errors of the measurements is called mean absolute error.
|∆𝑥1 |+| ∆𝑥2 |+|∆𝑥3 |+⋯…+|∆𝑥𝑛 | 1
∆𝑥 = = ∑𝑛𝑖=1 |∆𝑥𝑖 |
𝑛 𝑛

Q21. Define relative error.

Ans: Relative error: The ratio of absolute error to the true or mean value of the
physical quantity is called relative error.
Relative error, δx= ∆x/x

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ASSIGNMENT NO:25 SUBJECT:PHYSICS CLASS:11th DATE: 08.06.2021

Q22. Define percentage error.

∆𝑥
Ans: Percentage error: Relative error × 100% = × 100%
𝑥

Q23. State the four rules for counting significant figures in a

given number.
Ans: Rule for significant figures:
1. All non-zero digits are significant figures
2. All zeros occurring between non-zero digits are significant figures.
3. All zeros to right of decimal places and left of the non-zero are never
significant.
4. All zeros to right of non-zero are significant.

Q24. Define dimensional formula.

Ans: The expression which show that which of the fundamental quantities and
with what power enter into the derived unit of the physical quantity is known
as the dimensional formula of that quantity.
For example dimensional formula for force is [M L T-2]

Q25. Define principle of homogeneity.

Ans: According to this principle the dimension of the fundamental quantities of two
sides of a physical relation must be same.
[Ma Lb Tc]= [Mx Ly Tz]
According to this principle of homogeneity, a = x, b = y, c = z.

Q26. Define dimensional variables.

Ans: The physical quantities which possess dimensions and have variables
values are called dimensional variables.
Examples: Area, Volume, Velocity, Force, etc.

Q27. Define dimensionless variables.

Ans: Dimensionless variable: The physical quantities which do not possess
dimensions and have variable values are called dimensionless variables.
Example: angle, specific gravity, strain, etc.

Q28. Define dimensional constant.

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ASSIGNMENT NO:25 SUBJECT:PHYSICS CLASS:11th DATE: 08.06.2021

Ans: Dimensional constant: The physical quantity which possess dimensions and
have constant values are called dimensional constant.
Example: Plank`s constant, Gravitational constant, speed of light in vacuum
etc.

Q29. Define dimensionless constants.

Ans: Dimensionless constant: The quantities which do not have dimensions but
have constant values are called dimensionless constant.
Example: π, e, pure numbers like 1,2,3,…….etc.

Q30. Write the uses of dimensional analysis.

Ans: 1. Check the correctness of the given physical relation.
2. Conversion of one system of units into the other system of units.
3. To derive the relationship between various physical quantities.

Prepared By: Gurpal Singh Sahota

(Lecturer in Physics)
G.G.S.S. School Mahilpur
Hoshiarpur(9815816227).

Under the Guidance of: Sh. Sanjeev Kumar,

Principal cum DM (Physics)
Hoshiarpur (8283833230)

Supervised By: Smt. Jasvinder Kaur (Assistant Director)

PPPP Science Sen. Sec. State Coordinator.

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