S Y S T E M S A N A LY S I S

& D ATA B A S E
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS
INFS7007

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Background Check I
• I have an IT related degree at the level of
a. Bachelor or higher
b. Diploma or certificate or something equivalent
c. None of the above

2
Background Check II
• I have learned ___________ before
a. Systems Analysis Design and Database
b. Systems Analysis Design
c. Database
d. none

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Outline
• Subject content
• Subject information

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Software Crisis
• Some of the software fail to meet the original expectations. The
percentage of the failure rate is around
1. 10%
2. 30%
3. 50%
4. 70%

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Information Systems
• HOW to create a new information system?
▪ Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
I. Planning
II. Analysis
III. Design
IV. Implementation
V. Maintenance

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Information Systems continued …
• WHERE to store our data?
▪ Database Systems (DB)

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How to Maintain & Manage Databases?
• Structured Query Language (SQL)

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Putting it All Together

SAD DB SQL

methodology theory practice

Final Project

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To Create a New System, we should think
about
• Why = the Purpose
• How = the Process
• What = the Result

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Subject Basic Details
• Subject Name: Systems Analysis and Database Management
Systems
• Subject Number: INFS7007
• Lecturer and Tutor: Ms Maria Mikhail
• More information: available in the Learning Guide

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Assessment Summary
Item Weight Due Date Threshold
Quiz 1 20% Week 7 Yes
Quiz 2 15% Week 13 Yes
Tutorial/Practical 1 15% Week 10 Yes
Tutorial/Practical 2 15% Week 14 Yes
Final Project Presentation 10% Week 14 Yes
Final Project Report 25% Week 14 Yes

• To pass the subject, students must achieve at least 50% overall.

• Students must pass 40% on each assessment item.
• Students must submit ALL assessment items.
• Students must attend the in-class presentation on Final Project.
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Other Details to Check in the LG
• About the subject, what to expect, attendance and policies – pg 2
• Academic Integrity and Student Misconduct Rule – pg 3
• Assessment details – pgs 7-12
• General submission requirements including late submission and
request for extension – pg 13
• Teaching schedule – pg 15
• Learning resources – pg 18

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Final Project
The
Project
project planning Project project analysis Business • Design and Develop a
Domain
Proposal Requirements
relational database
by applying the SDLC
conceptual
database
• Implement the
database by using
The Project design
Database

implementation
in SQL
SQL
Normalised Global Entity
Relation Relation Relationship
Schemas normalization Diagram logical Diagram
and database
physical design
database
design

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Textbooks – can be found under
reading/resources on vUWS
Connolly, T. and Begg, C. (2010). Database Systems A Dennis, A., Wixom, B. H., & Roth, R. M. (2012).
Practical Approach to Design, Implementation and Systems analysis and design (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ:
Man-agement, 5th Edition, USA, Addison Wesley John Wiley

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Subject Content – sometimes each session
• Part A: Systems Analysis and Design (SDLC)
• Part B: Database Design and Development (DB)
• Part C: DB implementation (SQL)

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SYSTEMS
ANALYSIS
AND
DESIGN
PART A
Checkpoint
• What is the main teaching and learning approach used in this
subject?
i. Question and answer
ii. Theory and practice
iii. What-Why-How

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Software Crisis – Why?
• Customer • User
▪ No clear idea ▪ Diversity
▪ Inconsistent ▪ Changing
▪ …… ▪ ……

• Architect • Developer
▪ Communication failure ▪ Communication problems
▪ System boundary ▪ Exception
▪ …… ▪ ……

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Software Crisis
– How?

Systems
Development
Life Cycle
(SDLC) Life-
Cycle Phases

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Checkpoint
• Which one of the following is NOT considered as a major step in
software system development?
a. Planning
b. Design
c. Sales
d. Analysis

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 D A T A B A S E
M A N A G E M E N T
S Y S T E M S
PART B
 A database is a shared
collection of logically
related data, and a
description of this data,
designed to meet the
information needs of an
organisation.
Software
Crisis – What?

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Examples of Databases
• Purchases from the supermarket
• Purchases using your credit card
• Booking a holiday at the travel agents
• Using the local library
• Taking out insurance
• Renting a video
• Using the Internet
• Studying at university

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Traditional File-Based Systems
• Collection of application
programs that perform
services for the end users
(e.g. reports).
• Each program defines and
manages its own data.

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File-based Info Systems are mostly Obsolete
… Why?
• Program-Data Dependence
All file-based programs maintain metadata for each file they use. A
change in a file’s data characteristics requires the modification of
the data access programs.
• File Structure Dependence
Changes in a file structure/format requires modifications on all the
related programs. A change in a file structure requires the
modification of all the related programs that use that file. Change of
data requires changing all related programs.

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Disadvantages of File-based Systems
• Redundancy / duplication of the data.
• Inconsistency arising from the redundancy.
• Hard to share the data among multiple applications, and
likewise are for the separation and isolation of the data.
• Security restrictions complex to apply.
• Data integrity hard to maintain.
• Incompatible file formats.

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Database Approach
• File-based limitations arose because:
▪ Definition of data was embedded in the application
programs, rather than being stored separately and
independently.
▪ No control over the access and the manipulation of the
data, beyond that imposed by application programs.

• Result:
▪ the database and Database Management System
(DBMS).
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Database Composition
• Persistent data – the organisation’s operational data and
the system catalogue.
• Entities and relationships
▪ Entity: a distinct object (a person, place, thing, concept,
or event) to be represented in the database.
▪ Relationship: an association among entities.
• Attributes: an attribute describes some aspect of the
object one wishes to record.

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Database Management System (DBMS)
• DBMS is a software system that enables users to define,
create, maintain, and control access to the database.
• DBMS allows users to
▪ Define the database via a Data Definition Language
(DDL)
▪ Insert, update, delete, retrieve data from the database
via a Data Manipulation Language (DML)

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Database Management System (DBMS)

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32
Checkpoint
• Which of the following independence is supported by a
database system but not by a file based system
a. Program Data Independence
b. Program User Independence
c. User Data Independence
d. Program Data and User Independence

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SQL
PART C
Structured Query Language (SQL)
• De facto standard programming language for relational
database
• Data Definition Language (DDL) - Create, Drop, Alter, Rename,
Truncate
• Data Manipulation Language (DML) - Insert, Update, Delete,
Merge
• Query Language - Select
• Data Control Language (DCL)
• Transaction Control
• Procedure & Function
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Final Definition Trio
• Database: A shared collection of logically related data, and
a description of this data, designed to meet the information
needs of an organization.
• DBMS: A software system that enables users to define,
create, maintain and control access to the database.
• Application Program: A computer program that interacts
with the database by issuing an appropriate request
(typically as an SQL statement) to the DBMS.

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Acknowledgement
• The teaching material (lectures, tutorials/practicals)
for this subject is based on the teaching resources
provided by the publisher Pearson and Wiley of the
textbook, also
• Some resources may have originated from an earlier
delivery of the same subject by Dr Yi Zhou who may
in turn also have made use of others’ contributions.
Maria Mikhail (lecturer)

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Reading

• Wiley – Chapter
1 (in particular
pages 6-15)
• Pearson –
Chapters 1 and
10

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