Dr.
AMBEDKAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
[An Autonomous Institution, affiliated to VTU, Belgaum and Aided by Government of Karnataka]
Near Janna Bharathi Campus, Mallathahalli, Bangalore-560056
REPORT OF
MINI PROJECT WORK
on
“AGRICULTURAL RECIPROCATING MULTI SPRAYERS”
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Submitted by
PRASHANTH T V 1DA19ME087
KUSHAL N 1DA20ME424
LAKSHMIPATHI N 1DA20ME426
PRAMODRAJ D G 1DA20ME435
Under the guidance of
SHASHIKANTHA.N
ASSOCIATE PROFFESSOR
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. AIT
Dr. AMBEDKAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
[An Autonomous Institution, affiliated to VTU, Belgaum and Aided by Government of Karnataka]
Near Janna Bharathi Campus, Mallathahalli, Bangalore-560056
Department of Mechanical Engineering
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Mini Project work report entitled “FABRICATION OF
AGRICULTURAL RECIPROCATING MULTI SPRAYERS” is prepared and presented
by PRASHANTH T V-1DA19ME087, KUSHAL N-1DA20ME424, LAKSHMIPATHI N-
1DA20ME426, PRAMODRAJ D G-1DA20ME435, the requirements for the Third year of
Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering at Dr.Ambedkar Institute of Technology-
Bangalore, during the academic year 2021-22. The report has been approved as it satisfies the
academic requirements for the Bachelor of Engineering Degree.
Signature of the Guide: Signature of the HOD:
SHASHIKANTHA.N DR. T.N. RAJU
Associate Professor Head of Department of
Department of Mechanical Engineering Mechanical Engineering
Dr.Ambedkar Institute of Technology Dr.Ambedkar Institute of Technology
Name and signature of the Examiners
1.
2.
DECLARATION
We, Prashanth T V, Kushal N, Lakshmipathi N, Pramodraj D G the students of sixth
semester B.E. Mechanical engineering. Dr Ambedkar Institution of Technology, Bangalore
hereby declare that the mini project FABRICATION OF AGRICULTURAL
RECIPROCATING MULTI SPRAYERS has been carried out by us and submitted in the
partial fulfilment for the award of degree of bachelor of engineering in mechanical
engineering.
We do declare that this work is not carried out by any other students for the award of degree
in any other branch.
PRASHANTH T V 1DA19ME087 ----------------------
KUSHAL N 1DA20ME424 ----------------------
LAKSHMIPATHI N 1DA20ME426 ----------------------
PRAMODRAJ D G 1DA20ME435 ----------------------
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of this project would be
incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible, without whose constant
guidance and encouragement would have made our efforts go in vain.
We consider ourselves privileged to express our gratitude and respect towards all those who
have guided us through the completion of the project, “FABRICATION OF
AGRICULTURAL RECIPROCATING MULTI SPRAYERS ".
As a token of gratitude, we would like to acknowledge our sincere gratefulness to our guide
SHASHIKANTHA.N, Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering. Dr. AIT,
for his unlimited support, inspiration and encouragement provided throughout the process.
We would like to express our profuse gratitude to Dr. T N RAJU, HOD, Department of
Mechanical Engineering, Dr. AIT, for giving us the support, encouragement and providing us
the required lab facilities that was necessary for the completion of the project.
We also express our gratitude and sincere thanks to all teaching and non-teaching staff of
Mechanical Department.
Finally, yet importantly, we would like to express our heartfelt thanks to our beloved Parents
for their blessing and our friends for their help and wishes for the successful completion of this
project report.
PRASHANTH T V 1DA19ME087
KUSHAL N 1DA20ME424
LAKSHMIPATHI N 1DA20ME426
PRAMODRAJ D G 1DA20ME435
ABSTRACT
India is said to be agriculture base country directly or indirectly 75% of the people are
depending on farming in this agriculture sector there is a lot of field work such as weeding,
reaping, sowing etc. A part from this operations, spraying is also an important operation is
performed by the farmer to protect the cultivated crops from insects, pests’ fungi and diseases
for which various pesticides, fungicides and nutrients are sprayed on crops for protection.
In agricultural sector generally farmer uses traditional way that is spray carried on backpack
and spraying crop. This becomes time consuming, costly and human fatigue is major concern,
these problems can be overcome by using agricultural reciprocating multi sprayer. It facilitates
uniform spread of the chemicals, capable of throwing chemicals at the desired level, precision
made nozzle tip for adjustable stream and capable of throwing foggy spray depending on
requirement. In our project we use slider crank mechanism to convert rotary motion into
reciprocating motion to operate the pump, thus the pesticide is spread through the nozzle. This
work gives continuously flow of pesticide at required pressure and height. A special
arrangement is implemented in this project to adjust the pressure as high or low. By using
agricultural sprayer, spraying time and human efforts reduces and results in cost reduction.
CONTENTS
Page no.
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 01
1.1 Motivation.................................................................................................01
1.2 Objectives ………………………………….……………………………01
1.3 Scope of the project….……………………………….………………….01
Chapter 2: LITERATURE SURVEY 2-6
2.1 Currently used spraying equipment’s………………………….….2-3
2.2 Currently farmers facing problems…. ……………………….…...04
2.3 Literature review………………………………………………….4-6
Chapter 3: METHODOLOGY 7-11
3.1 Flow chart of the project……………….………………………….07
3.2 Design of spraying machine……………………………………….08-09
3.3 Modelling………………………………………………………....10-11
Chapter 4: CONSTRUCTION 12-15
5.1 Components............................................................................................12-13
5.2 Manufacturing processes........................................................................14
Chapter 5: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 16-17
6.1 Conclusion.…………………………………………………............16
6.2Scope of the future work………………………………….…….….17
REFERENCES 18
LIST OF FIGURES
FIG_NO FIGURE NAME Page No.
Fig 2.1 Backpack sprayer 2
Fig 2.2 Tractor mounted sprayer 2
Fig 2.3 Pedal operated sprayer 3
Fig 2.4 Drone sprayer 3
Fig.3.1 Isometric view of 3D model 10
Fig.3.2 Side view of 3D model 10
Fig 3.3 Reciprocating pump 10
Fig 4.1 Fabricated model 14
Chapter -1
Introduction
Agriculture plays a vital role in Indian economy. Around 65%of population in the state
depending on agriculture. Although its contribution to GDP is now around one sixth, it provides
56% of Indian work force. as for as Indian scenario is concerned, more than 75%farmers are
belonging to small and marginal land carrying and cotton is alone which provide about 80%
employment to Indian workforce. So, any improvement in the productivity related task help to
increase Indian farmer’s status and economy.
1.1 Motivation
The current backpack sprayer has lot of limitations and it required more energy to operate. The
project is an agriculture pesticide sprayer mounted on a cart which is operated mechanically
without any external source of energy. The aim of developing such a concept is primarily
because of preventing the 3 major drawbacks of the pump being used currently firstly, the
farmer has to carry the entire weight of the pesticide spraying (approx.20+ kg) pump on his
shoulders; Secondly, he has to continuously use his one hand to pump using the handle; thirdly
reduction in spraying time. All these factors have been taken care of in this project along with
being cost effective, light in weight and good in strength.
The pump already available with the farmer can be directly used in this mechanism. The
handle of the sprayer will be mechanically operated through the rotating shaft of the wheels of
the cart using an efficient mechanism. This will result into the reciprocating motion of the
piston and hence pumping will be done. The user will now just have to push the cart and the
whole mechanism will be operated with ease. This will be a case of Pure Mechanical
Automation.
This shows there is an urgent need to introduce mechanical sprayer in Indian farm. Farmers
or best source of power mechanical spraying operation. Present pattern of row cropping
concept widely adopted by Indian farmer and development of spraying vehicle type sprayer is
the need of today. Keeping the above point of view, the present investigation was under taken
to evaluate field performance of multi-nozzle automated sprayer in the field crops and workout
the Cost of spraying operation.
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
1. To study the existing sprayer design.
2. To design the mechanism for the automated sprayer.
3. To fabricate and test the spraying systems for different types of pesticides.
1.3 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The movement of the device is in only one direction and not have the adjustable arm. The
pressure is depending on the motion of the pushed by the operator.
1
Chapter-2
LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 Currently used spraying equipment
• Backpack sprayer
Fig 2.1 Backpack sprayer
Hand-operated and backpack sprayers work with low pressures. This low pressure makes them
slow and inefficient enough to use on large farms.
• Tractor mounted sprayer
Fig 2.2 Tractor mounted sprayer
2
A Tractor-mounted sprayer is one that is fixed onto a tractor. The capacity of the tank ranges
from 150 to 500 gallons. A hydraulic motor attached to the power take-off shaft drives the
pump of the sprayer.it is costly and not suitable for small farms.
• Pedal operated sprayer
Fig 2.3 Pedal operated sprayer
The pedal operated reciprocating pump is placed in one place inlet pipe is drop to tank when
one operator operate pedal the reciprocating pump suck the pesticide and push to delivery pipe
and spraying is happen. This requires 3 to 4 labors and it is difficult to handle.
• Drone sprayer
Fig 2.4 drone sprayer
3
The drone sprayer is very expensive and it is not suitable for small farms and only suited for
where other conventional spraying machines not working like big plants mango trees, areca
trees etc.
2.2 Currently farmers are facing problems
The conventional sprayer having the difficulties such as it needs lot of effort to push the lever
up and down in order to create the pressure to spray. Heavy in weight causes difficulty in lifting
manually. Due to heavy weight during spraying operator feel very tiredness and fatigue which
reduces his efficiency. Another difficulty of petrol sprayer is to need to purchase the fuel, which
increase the running cost of sprayer. Random spraying of pesticides crops. Direct contact with
the hazardous chemicals. Advanced sprayer are only suited for large farms.
2.3 Literature review
Sandeep H. Poratkar, Dhanraj R. Raut (2013) presents a summery on the development of
multi-nozzle pesticides sprayer. The agricultural land in India is made up of small marginal,
medium and rich farmers. The small-scale farmer of about 30% is used manually operated
backpack sprayer. Use of this sprayer cannot maintain the required uniform pressure. This leads
to the problem of back pain. The suggested model has eliminated the problem of back pain,
since it is not necessary to bring the tank (pesticide tank) in the back.
Varikuti Vasantha Rao (2013) studies on the fertilizer sprayer given by different feeders. The
layout and execution of multi-nozzle pesticide sprayers and the proposed structure is the two-
sort out sprayer balanced with a gas engine that constrains the present inconveniences of the
sprayer, for instance, working costs, fuel change, etc. Replaced by an electric DC motor set
away in the battery related with the unit, which is the authentic source of imperativeness to
restrict regular degradation and agribusiness enhancement. Reasonable power source and
cultivating are a triumphant blend. Wind, sun controlled and biomass imperativeness can be
used continually, giving agriculturists a whole deal wellspring of pay. Inexhaustible power
source can be used as a piece of the association to supplant distinctive fills or can be sold as
cash crops. It is among the most promising and basic open entryways for regard included things
in agribusiness.
Alaa Kamel Subr (2015) examined on the practical deviation in the process of sustainable
application of pesticides. The use of agrochemicals becomes an important practice for modern
agriculture, but at the same time endangers human health, animals and the environment. Initial
4
actions to create a balance between this negative impact and the need to use pesticides in
relation to the environment, people's living conditions and the economy, these factors are
defined as sustainable development. In this article, the calculation for obtaining the ability to
sustain the pesticide.
Shivaraja kumar (2014) examined on the design and development of the wheel and pedal
sprinkler. The equipment, which is a wheel and foot sprinkler, is a portable device and does
not require any fuel to operate, which is easy to move and spray the pesticide by moving the
wheel and also selling the equipment. In this equipment an alternative pump is used and an
accumulator is provided for the continuous flow of liquid to create the pressure necessary for
the spray action. This pesticide spraying equipment consumes less time and prevents the
pesticide from reaching the front of the nozzles that come into contact with the person spraying
the pesticides.
Sumit D. Raut (2014) examined the design and construction of a reciprocal pump driven by a
pedal that is used in a large irrigation project such as a garden and a drainage line. They drove
different types of pumps and alternative devices were built and tested on different suction heads
in the laboratory to evaluate their performance. The alternative foot pump can be available in
local markets and simple skills are required to produce it. But this would be suitable for
irrigating large fields and orchards, in particular for pumping water from a reservoir (capacity
up to 15 litres) to irrigate small plots, such as vegetables and seedbeds, with less physical effort.
Abhilash Gurjar (2015) reviews on the solar sprinkler. The solar pulverizes is a suitable
technology for its application in the agricultural sector in unity of India. The solar energy
sprayer can be used as an alternative fuel device. It works according to the principle of
photovoltaic solar energy (PV), with some modifications in the existing sprayer in the market.
The annual cost of sprinkler maintenance should be around Rs.500 with an initial investment
of Rs.5000 for the cost of the sprinkler. "Solar sprinklers" as "Alternative energy devices".
Bibhu Santosh Behera (2015) explained the application of solar energy for the
application of agriculture in India. The Sun application has been established to highlight some
points where the sprinkler operator has to make subjective decisions about the correct
procedure.
Sanjay (2015) reviewed the design and manufacture of a mechanical pest sprayer. They
designed an easy-to-use and fuel-free model for a user. In this model, we find that we simply
use a pinion mounted on the rear axle that will operate the piston inside the cylinder in the tank.
5
The group also consists of 4 wheels, 2 of which are mounted on the front axle and 2 mounted
as a guide wheel on the rear. A pinion is mounted on the front side exactly at the end of the
shaft. When pushing the carriage, the pinion rotates in its direction to activate the piston inside
the cylinder, because this compression occurs inside the tank. Therefore, it sprays pesticides
(or) water into the tank. Through our project, the spraying is done using the pinion mechanism.
This project requires less work in sprinklers.
Shailesh Malonde (2016) examined the design and development of the machine to spray
multipurpose pesticides. Fumigation with pesticides is the necessary procedure in growing
crops. The current idea is about the design and production of a pesticide sprayer that will be
useful and convenient for farmers, which will help increase crop productivity. The authors
concluded that the cost of sprayer was reduced compared to the existing sprayer, so this can be
managed by small farmers. The flow rate is increased by 2.5 times the manual sprayer. The
region sprayed per hour has been expanded by 2.6 times manually.
Akhilesh K.Bhatkar (2016) surveyed on the advancement of pesticide spraying machine
agriculture is the foundation of indian economy. Agriculture is the backbone of Indian
economy. This has to support 17 % of world population with only 2.3%percent of world's
geographical area, 4.2 % of world's water resource, with 2 % total consumption of world's total
pesticide. The need of nourishment modernization of rural part is critical and one of the primary
segments is pesticide spraying machine. By appropriate utilization of pesticide to diminish
wastage of yield preparation
6
Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY AND WORKING
3.1 FLOWCHART OF THE PROJECT
Identification
of Project
Literature
Review
Design
Fabrication
Assembly
Testing
Result
7
3.2 DESIGN OF THE SPRAYING MACHINE
DESIGN OF FRAME:
Length of frame = (centre dist. between two sprockets) + (width of tank) + (Excess)
= 250 + 310 + 30
L = 590 mm
Height of Frame = 630 mm
Width of Frame = 450 mm
Total length of pipe = (590*2) +200+(600*2) +1000+(690*2) +100 = 4960 mm
Cross section area of square pipe = 20*2 = 40*4 =160 mm²
Volume of frame = 160*4960 = 748800 mm³
Density of Mild Steel material = 7.7*10-6 kg/mm³
Density = Mass/volume
Mass = density*volume= 7.7*10-6*748800 = 5.76 Kg
Total weight of assembly = 16+2+1+6 = 25kg *9.81 = 245.
Yield stress of material = 247 N/mm2
Area = 4960 * 20 = 99200 mm2
Stress = 245.29/99200= 0.0027 N/mm2
Therefore, 0.0027 < 247 N/mm², hence the design is safe.
DESIGN OF WHEEL
Distance between two plants = 1 feet
= 30.48 cm.
Line covered by one rotation of wheel = 4
30.48 * 4 = 122 cm
122 = 2πr
r = 122/2π
r = 19.5cm
8
SELECTION OF PINION
Minimum no. of teeth available on pinion = 18
Outer dia. Of pinion = 8 cm = 80 mm
Inner dia. Of pinion = 6.5 cm = 65 mm
Pitch circle dia. (Dp) = (Do-Di/2) + Di
Dp = (80-65/2) + 65= 72.5 mm
Gear Ratio = 1:3
On rotation of gear sprocket gives three rotation of pinion sprocket, we required three strokes
to generate adequate amount of pressure.
SELECTION OF GEAR SPROCKETS
(1/3) = (tp/tg)
(1/3) = (18/tg)
tg = 18*3
tg = 54
(tp/tg) = (Dg/Dp)
(3/1) = (dg/72.5)
Dg=218mm
Length of connecting rod = 480mm
Dia of crank wheel = 230mm
The values of the different parameters used in the fabrication of the “Multi Nozzle Pesticide
Sprayer” are as below:
❖ Length=140cm
❖ Width=45 cm
❖ Height=63cm
❖ No of nozzles=4
❖ No of wheel=1
❖ Tank capacity=16ltr
9
3.3 MODELING
Fig 3.1 ISO Fig 3.2 Side View
The design is done in solid works software
3.4 WORKING PRINCIPLES
Working Methodology
Fig 3.3 Reciprocating pump
10
The operator grabs the handle and pushes the cycle forward as cycle moves forward, the wheel
rotate. When the wheel rotates then the gear sprocket mounted on wheel is also rotate at same
speed. The chain drive transfers the motion of gear sprocket to pinion sprocket.
The pinion sprocket and crank is mounted on either side of same shaft, the rotary motion of
shaft is converted into the reciprocating motion with the help of crank and connecting rod
mechanism. The connecting rod is also connected with lever and then the lever oscillates at
fulcrum.
The piston connected at fulcrum produce reciprocating motion in cylinder and the required
pressure is achieved. The pesticide from tank sucks in cylinder and piston forced the pesticide
to nozzle through the pipe; the numbers of nozzles are connected to spray the pesticide. We
can adjust the pressure, which is required for spraying with the help of special arrangement is
to change the length of crank by providing slot on crank. By providing some adjustment at
joint of connecting rod and lever free rotation of crank or neutral position can be achieved.
Single Slider Crank Mechanism:
The Slider-Crank Mechanism is used to transform rotational motion into translational motion
by means of a rotating drive beam, a connecting rod and a sliding body.
In another word Single Slider Crank Mechanism is used to transform straight line motion
(Reciprocating Motion) into rotary motion and vice versa.
11
Chapter 4
FABRICATION
4.1 COMPONENTS
The components that are used in the project multi nozzles automated pesticide sprayer are as
follows
a) Reciprocating Pump
b) Nozzle
c) Storage Tank
d) Wheel
e) Sprocket
f) Chain
g) Crank
h) Connecting rod
i) Frame
a. Reciprocating Pump
These types of pump operate by using a reciprocating piston. The liquid enters a
pumping chamber via an inlet valve and is pushed out via an outlet valve by the action of the
piston or diaphragm. Reciprocating pumps are generally very efficient and are suitable for very
high heads at low, flows.
b. Nozzle
The nozzle is a critical part of any sprayer. Nozzles perform three functions:
• Regulate flow.
• Atomize the mixture into droplets.
• Disperse the spray in a desirable pattern.
The hydraulic spray nozzle used in the application of pesticides has several functions. One of
its main purposes is to convert the spray solution into droplets for efficient target coverage.
The target may be foliage, bark, stumps, soil or insects. In association with other variables, e.g.
height above target, travelling speed, operating pressure, the nozzle also has a role in spray
pattern delivery, volume rate delivered and sprays quality produced.
12
c. Storage tank
Tanks are typically made of impermeable plastic, or stainless steel. Tanks should be
designed for easy filling and cleaning. It is a requirement that filler caps be lockable. Further,
all tanks are required to be fitted with a device that maintains an air gap to prevent back flow
from the tank into a water supply. As an alternative, the fill hose can be equipped with an
automatic back pressure shut-off device. The tank is also required by regulation to have an
easy-to-read accurate sight gauge or other external means of determining the internal level.
d. Wheel
A wheel is a circular component that is intended to rotate on an axial bearing. The wheel
is one of the main components of the wheel and axle which is one of the six simple machines.
Wheels, in conjunction with axles, allow heavy objects to be moved easily facilitating
movement or transportation while supporting a load, or performing labour in machines. Wheels
are also used for other purposes, such as a ship’s wheel, steering wheel, potter’s wheel and
flywheel.
e. Sprockets
The name sprocket applies generally to any wheel upon which radial projections engage
a chain passing over it. It is distinguished from a gear in that sprockets are never meshed
directly, and differs from a pulley in that sprockets have teeth and pulley are smooth. We use
freewheel and chain wheel for chain and sprockets arrangement.
f. Chain
The chain is made of steel which is used to transmit power from gear sprocket to pinion
sprocket, and it has a no slip.
g. Crank
The function of crank is to transfer motion from prime mover to connecting rod for
further operation. Here the circular disk having eccentricity at which rotary motion of crank is
converted in to reciprocating motion of connecting rod.
h. Connecting rod
The main function of connecting rod is to convert rotary motion in to reciprocating
motion. Here connecting rod convert rotary motion of crank to reciprocating motion of pump
and extension rod.
i. Frame
The main function of frame is to carry whole assembly on it so it has to be strong
enough to hold it. The frame is made of square tube and it formed out of mild steel.
13
Fig4.1 Fabricated model
4.2 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Manufacturing involves turning raw material to finished products, to be used for various
purposes. There are a large number of processes available. These processes can be broadly
classified in to four categories.
❖ Welding
❖ Grinding
❖ Cutting operation
❖ Drilling
❖ Fabrication
Applications:
• Its major use in agriculture to spray pesticides.
• In city and urban area, it can use for spraying water on lawn.
• Use to spray the fertilizer in plants in farm.
• It is use spray painting in industry’
• It is use for spray water in garden on the plants.
• For the insecticides application to control insect’s pests on crops and in stores, houses,
poultry farms, barns, etc.
14
• For the fungicides and bactericides applications to control the plant diseases.
• For the herbicide’s applications, to kill the weeds.
Cost of Equipment:
Table 4.1 Material Cost
Sl no. Name of the Numbers Cost in Rs
component
1 Water tank 1 1500
2 Nozzles 4 1000
3 Connectors 4 200
4 Cable 2m 100
5 Wheel 1 600
6 Bearing 4 480
7 M S Steel sq. tube 10 m 600
8 Sprocket and Chain 2+1 400
Total 4880
15
TIMELINE
Sl Task Responsibility V semester VI semester
No
Week 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 2 3 4
1 Seminar regarding mini Project guide
project
2 Batch formation and Project co-
guide allocation ordinator
3 Identification of mini Students/guide
project
4 Finalization of mini Students/guide
project
5 Project synopsis Students
submission
6 Literature survey Students
7 Identification of facility Students
to do mini project work
8 Study/fabrication/design Students
of model
9 Results Students/guide
discission/performance
testing
16
Chapter 5
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5.1 CONCLUSION
This model has removed the problem of back pain, since there is no need to carry the pesticides
tank on the back. Health problems from the pesticides during the spry will be zero. This model
has a greater number of nozzles which will cover maximum area of spraying in minimum time
and at maximum rate. This mechanism simple and consumes less energy.
When it comes to time saving i.e., to spray the pesticides in the given area their area multi
nozzles which cover larger area with less time. All the nozzles spray with the same pressure.
The nozzles can be adjusted both vertically and horizontally. It is more effective when it is
used on the crops having nearly similar height and having the less space between two crops.
For easy handling and comfort of usage some additional mechanism use also maintenance is
like cut-off valve and sprockets have been used. It is a low budget sprayer the low and middle
scale farmers which is compact and easier to use also maintenance is very low.
5.2 Limitations
• Small tank capacity.
The tank capacity of this model is 20liters and more than that is difficult to handle and push
the cart forward
• Limited adjustability.
The arm of the nozzle holder cannot be adjustable and only work when on the mechanical
action by pushing the cart.
• Difficult to operate when the growth rate of crops is different.
When the growth rate of crops is different the nozzle holder is adjusted to the height plants
the spraying of pesticide on the small crops is not effective.
• As the pressure is not constant the flow rate will be less and also not uniform
throughout.
The pressure is depending on the speed of the cart push by the operator hence the flow is
not uniform.
17
5.3 SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK
• Instead using single slider crank mechanism, we can use battery to pump the pesticides
from the tank at high pressure.
• In front of the frame instead of adjusting the height of the nozzle holder we can use
rack and gear mechanism the nozzle holder rotates to left and right for effective
spraying and cover the large area.
• The vehicle can be operated by an electrical system for avoiding the mechanical power
loss.
• CAM mechanism can be employed with battery power instead of slider crank
mechanism for better efficiency
18
References
1. Sandeep H. Poratkar, Dhanraj R. Raut “Development of Multi-Nozzle Pesticides
Sprayer Pump” International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
www.ijmer.com Vol.3, Issue.2, March-April. 2013 pp-864-868 ISSN: 2249- 664
2. Shivaraja kumar, Parameswaramurthy. D “Design and Development of Wheel and
pedal Operated Sprayer” International Journal of Mechanical Engineering (IIJME)
Volume 2, Issue 6, June 2014 ISSN 2321-6441.
3. Sumit D. Raut, Kamlesh R. Banarse, Roshan R. More, “Fabrication of Pedal Operated
Reciprocating Pesticide Sprayer for Agricultural and Drainage Line Use” International
journal of pure and applied research in engineering and technology, 2014, Volume 2,
67-74 ISSN: 2319-507X.
4. Akhilesh K. Bhatkar, P. B. Khope, P. S. Chaudhari, “Development of Pesticide
Spraying Machine” International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology
ICESMART-2016 May-2016, eISSN: 2319-1163 PISSN: 2321-7308.
5. David McAuliffe and Vanessa P. Gray, Application Technology: “Problems and
Opportunities with Knapsack Sprayers, Including the CF Valve or Constant Flow
Valve”
6. Dr.R.N. Panchal Sir and Mr. Nikhil Deshmukh “Monowheel Operated Pesticide
Spraying, Machine”, volume:2, Issue: IERJ,2015.
7. Ntish Das, Namt Maske and S.K. Chaudhary,” Agricultural Fertilizer and Pesticides
Sprayers –A Review”, volume 1, Issue 11, April 2015.
19
