Learning Area Automotive Servicing NC1 Grade Level 12
W2 Quarter Third Date
I. LESSON TITLE Removing and Tagging Steering, Suspension and Brake System Components
II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING Identify steering system components for removal; (RSSB) TLE_IAAUTO9-12RSSB-
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) IIg-j-IIIa-f-59
LO 2. Remove steering, suspension, and brake system components;
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT Identify steering system components for removal;
LO 2. Remove steering, suspension, and brake system components;
Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
A. Introduction First Day Presentation
55 minutes
In this lesson, you will be able to identify the parts of steering system
components.
What is the function of steering system in a vehicle?
The steering system consists of the components that allow the driver to
turn the front wheels of the vehicle, and for a few vehicles, it provides for
a
limited amount of steering by the rear wheels. The overall function of the
steering system has not changed much since the earliest days of the
automobile.
The most basic function of the steering system is to allow the driver to
steer the vehicle safely and precisely. Beyond this, the steering system also
provides a way to reduce driver effort by making the act of steering the
vehicle easier. The components of the steering system also absorb some
of
the road shock before it gets to the driver. Little has changed in the operation
of the steering system or in some of the components since the earliest
automobiles. The things that have changed primarily have to do with
increased ease and effectiveness of operation and longer-lasting
components that require less maintenance.
Activity 1. Rearrange or unscramble the letters below to form a word
B. Development Second
Day pertaining to the different types and parts of steering system.
50 minutes
1. C H I R A D Y U L 9. N I N O P I
2. W O P E R 10. E R R O L L
3. K R A C 11. R O T O R E G
4. R E S E T I N G 12. R A G E
5. U L A M A N 13. P A T N I M
6. L A C R I T E C E L 14. C O T R E S
7. R E C U L T A R I C I N G 15. S T H A F
8. M O W R
Steering system in general, has two types:
1. Manual Steering System - is a system where manual force is used for the
action of steering the vehicle.
2. Power Steering System – is a system that helps drivers steer the vehicle by
augmenting steering effort needed to turn the steering wheel, making it
easier for the vehicle to turn or maneuver.
The difference between a manual steering racks and a power
steering racks can be explained as follow: while the power steering is
a system that helps in steering the wheels by using the power of the
engine, manual steering racks features a steering system in
which manual force is used for steering.
Manual steering system has different types:
1. Rack and Pinion
2. Worm and roller
3. Recirculating ball and nut
A rack and pinion (Figure 1) can exist in vehicles with or without
power steering systems. Since most modern cars have power steering, then
you can assume that racks and pinions are in them too. Any SUV, car, or
small truck that you see on the road probably has rack and pinion steering
in it.
These two components make turning the steering wheel much easier
because it takes that rotational motion energy and converts it into linear
motion energy. This is how the wheels underneath the body can turn so
easily.
Common Parts of a Rack and Pinion Steering System
Figure 1. Rack and Pinion Assembly
1. Tie rod end 7. Tie rod end
2. Rack end/tie rod 8. Pinion shaft
3. Rack boot 9. Pinion Housing
4. Rack boot clamp 10. Rack housing
5. Mount bushing 11. Rack boot clamp
6. Rack boot 12. Rack end/tie rod
Other parts of Rack and Pinion
Steering
Basically, a rack (Figure 2) and pinion (Figure 3) are two gears which make
up a gear set see Figure 4.
Figure 3. Pinion gear
Figure 2. Rack bar
Figure 4. Rack bar and Pinion Gear
These gears are positioned within a metal tube/rack housing (Figure 5).
Figure 5. Rack housing
On each side of the tube, you can see
the rack coming out. There is also a
component called a tie rod and a tie
rod end (Figure 6)
Figure 6. Tie rod and tie rod end
which ties off the ends of the rack and
connects the steering arm (Figure 7) and
spindle together.
Figure 7. Steering arm
The function of the tie rod is to relay the
force of the rack gear (or steering center
link) to the steering knuckle. This is done as
the tie rod connects with the steering arm.
As a result, the steering wheel (Figure 8) can
turn as you try to rotate it with your hands.
Figure 8. Steering wheel
The pinion is a component which also contributes to this process. You will
find the pinion connected to both the steering shaft and rack. The
connection is made on each end of the pinion. So basically, the pinion links
the steering shaft and rack
together when the steering
wheel is rotated. Those
rotational movements are
received by the steering shaft
(Figure 9) and then passed
along to the pinion that is
connected to it. As the pinion
rotates, it then rotates the
rack which is also connected
to it. Therefore, the steering
wheel rotations move the
pinion and then the rack in
that order.
Figure 9. Steering shaft
C. Engagement Third Day Activity 2. Label the parts of the rack and pinion steering below.
45 minutes
11 9 8 7 6
10
1
5 4 3 2
Fill in the blank with the correct answer.
12.The function of the is to relay the force of the rack gear
(or steering center link) to the steering knuckle.
13.The pinion links the steering shaft and rack together when the
is rotated.
14.The tie rod and the tie rod end which ties off the ends of the rack
connects the and 15. together.
D. Assimilation Day 4 Activity 3. Describe the difference between manual steering and power
30 minutes steering system.
VI. REFLECTION 10 minutes In your notebook, write your personal insights about the lesson using the
prompts below.
I understand that .
I realize that .
I need to learn more about
.
