BUSINESS MATTERS

Unit 8 – Earning a living

p. 82 – Reading section

Success-driven = trying extremely hard to achieve success

Contract of employment

Tenure /ˈtenjə/ = the right to remain permanently in a job

To substitute – Secvla, Canacvleba
Principal = a person who has legal responsibility for what a business or organization does
Procurement manager – Sesyidvebis menejeri
Gross pay = the total amount of money an employee receives before taxes and deductions are taken out;
daricxuli xelfasi
Net pay = take-home pay; xelze asaRebi xelfasi
PAYE = the abbreviated term for 'pay as you earn' and refers to the amount of income tax that
is deducted from your salary before you receive it.
Core time – ZiriTadi dro
To commence = to start
Length of notice = the amount of time you give to your employer before you leave that job.
Disciplinary rules = set of rules about behaviour and punishments
Grievance = a belief that you have been treated unfairly, or an unfair situation or event that affects and
upsets you; saCivari, samsaxureobrivi konfliqti
Grievance procedure = an official process for dealing with a complaint raised by an employee against
their employer regarding treatment believed to be wrong or unfair; saCivrebis
ganxilvis procedura
Holiday entitlement = the number of days of paid holiday in a year that a worker is entitled to take
Medical plan = a type of insurance that you buy in order to pay for the cost of medical treatment if you
are ill or injured
Sickness benefit = money that is paid by the government to someone who is too sick to work;
avadmyofobis Semweoba
Trade union = an organization, usually in a particular trade or profession, that represents workers,
especially in meetings with employers; profkavSiri
Trade union subscription = an amount of money you pay regularly to be a member of Trade Union
Probation period – gamosacdeli vada
Induction programme = a course intended to give new staff and recruits training in their work
Remuneration

Remuneration /rɪmjuːnəˈreɪʃən/ - anazRaureba, xelfasi

Hourly rate pay = payment based on the amount of time a person works; saaTobrivi anazRaureba
Flat rate pay = a set price for the job done
Piecework = work for which you are paid according to the number of things you produce rather than the
number of hours that you spend working; xelfasi gamomuSavebiT
Pay for performance = relating to a system in which pay is based on how well someone does their job
Incentive = something, especially money, that encourages a person to do sth; stimuli, waxaliseba
Fringe benefits = perks = extra rewards or incentives on top of salary. A company car and a mobile phone
are some of the perks that come with the job.
In kind = (of payment) given in the form of goods or services and not money; naturis saxiT
Palmtop = an earlier computer small enough to hold in one hand and operate with the other
Subsidized = partly paid by the company
Luncheon voucher = a special ticket that can be used to pay for meals usually given to you by your
employer
A cafeteria plan = an employee benefit plan that allows staff to choose from a variety of pre-tax
benefits. A cafeteria plan gets its name from a cafeteria but has nothing to do with
food. Just as individuals make food selections in a cafeteria, employees can choose
the benefits of their choice before payroll taxes are calculated from a pool of
options offered by their employers. 
Allowance = an amount of money that someone is given regularly or for a special reason
Unsocial working hours = working during the night or early in the morning when most people do not have
to work
A merit increase = a reward for good performance
Discretionary = not controlled by strict rules, but decided on by someone in a position of authority;
diskreciuli, sakuTari Sexedulebis mixedviT
Attendance bonus = an extra amount of pay that some employees get if the number of days they have
been absent from work is not more than the number stated in their agreement
Incremental – mzardi
Increment = a regular increase in the amount that someone is paid; xelfasis yovelwliuri zrda
Cost of living increase = a pay rise that is given because the cost of living has gone up
Blue-collar workers = workers doing physical work, rather than working in offices
White-collar staff = people having jobs in offices, banks etc rather than jobs working in factories,
building things etc
Fortnightly = happening every two weeks
Performance appraisal

Demotion = giving somebody a job with a lower rank or position than they had before; daqveiTeba
v. to demote
Track record = all the achievements or failures that someone has had in the past; namsaxurobis sia,
miRwevebi

Types of jobs

Clerical job = office work, especially work such as keeping records or accounts; sakancelario samuSao
Casual job = work that uses workers employed for a short period of time
Hot desking = when people working in an office do not each have their own desk, but work where there is
one available

Termination of employment

Termination of employment – dasaqmebis Sewyveta

Summary = done immediately, and not following the normal process; dauyovnebeli, daCqarebuli wesiT
Gross misconduct = unacceptable or improper behaviour of a very serious kind, especially by an employee
or professional person
Decruitment = when a company dismisses employees that it no longer needs # recruitment
Lay-off = the act of stopping a worker’s employment because there is not enough work for them to do
Outplacement = a service that a company provides to help its workers find new jobs when it
cannot continue to employ them

Working conditions, health and safety at work

Criminal offence – sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli

Hazardous /ˈhæzədəs/ = dangerous, especially to people’s health or safety; saxifaTo, sarisko
Fire alarm – saxanZro signalizacia
Workstation – samuSao adgili
User friendly = easy to use, understand, or operate
Cubicle = a small part of a room that is separated from the rest of the room

Exercises

Negligence – daudevroba adj. negligent - daudevari

HM Revenue and Customs = Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC) = the tax authority of the U.K.
government
Internal Revenue Service = the revenue service for the United States federal government, which is
responsible for collecting taxes
Golden handshake = a large amount of money given to someone when they leave their job
Bio /baɪəʊ/ break = a period of time when you stop working in order to go to the toilet
Ageism = prejudice or discrimination on the grounds of a person's age.
Parkinson's Law = it is a commonplace observation that work expands so as to fill the time available for
its completion.