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Nubia and Axum

The earliest Nubian culture was the Kerma culture, which predated unified Egypt. Egypt's relationship with Nubia changed over time from seeing Nubians as inferiors to eventually colonizing the region. The important Nubian city of Kerma flourished due to its strategic location along the Nile River, which facilitated trade. Burials at Kerma involved constructing tumuli and placing the deceased on ornamented beds. The Napatan dynasty expanded the Nubian empire under rulers like Piankhti, who was depicted receiving the crowns of Egypt and Nubia from the god Amun. Taharka was a notable Nubian pharaoh mentioned in the Bible who defeated the Ass

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380 views2 pages

Nubia and Axum

The earliest Nubian culture was the Kerma culture, which predated unified Egypt. Egypt's relationship with Nubia changed over time from seeing Nubians as inferiors to eventually colonizing the region. The important Nubian city of Kerma flourished due to its strategic location along the Nile River, which facilitated trade. Burials at Kerma involved constructing tumuli and placing the deceased on ornamented beds. The Napatan dynasty expanded the Nubian empire under rulers like Piankhti, who was depicted receiving the crowns of Egypt and Nubia from the god Amun. Taharka was a notable Nubian pharaoh mentioned in the Bible who defeated the Ass

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mit54467
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1. Discuss the size and location of Nubia. What is the name of the earliest Nubian culture?

and does this predate unified Egypt?

The size of Nubia was 1000 miles along river Nile and is in modern day Aswan in southern Egypt
to Khartoum in the northern Sudan. The earliest Nubia culture was called the Kerma culture.

2. Discuss in detail the changing Egyptian and Nubian relationship from the reign of the
Egyptian Pharoah Snefru up to and including the new kingdom period of Egypt and the
Pharaoh Ahmose. Please include detail and stress how Egyptians viewed the Nubians and
how the Egyptians would eventually colonize them. Again... Be specific.

3. Discuss the importance of the Nubian city of Kerma. Stress in your answer trade,
describe burial practices, and the flourishing of Nubian artwork. Be specific.

The importance of Nubian City was because of its location as it was in the middle of river Nile
valley. This made its trade relationship with Egypt and other southern Africa too. The kings of
Kerma prepared their own burials and they constructed huge circular mounds called Tumuli. The
dead king was put onto the gold ornamented funerary bed. They used mica to decorative inlays
shaped like animals, mythical creatures, and plants. They made it in different shape, size, color
and many other designs.

4. Discuss in detail the Napatan dynasty of Nubia from Kashta 760 BCE up to and including
the rule of Shabaka. In your answer, please discuss the Pharaoh Piankhti and his role in
building the Nubian empire.

Pharaoh Piankhti ruled Upper Egypt and Nubia from Napata and Thebes. One monument
associated with his rule depicts the god Amun handing king Piankhti the crowns of Egypt and
Nubia.

5.  Discuss in detail the reign of Taharka. Is he mentioned in the Bible? Did he defeat the
Assyrians? Yes or no?

Taharka was the most known Nubian pharaoh. He built many commemorative temples both in
Egypt and in Nubia. He was mentioned in the biblical books of kings and Ester. He did defeat the
Assyrians in the 667 B.C.

6. Discuss the city of Meroe specifically its location and the advantages resulting from this
location.

City of Meroe was located on the eastern bank of the Nile and 300 miles south of the Napata
and roughly halfway between fifth and sixth cataracts. Since it was isolated from Egypt and
Mediterranean would them made there own and independent civilization. Unique African
culture and not mixed with Greek or roman culture.

7. Describe the religion of the Nubians. Specifically, its Deities.

Christianity grew in the country and about 502 groups of evangelists known as the nine Saints
immigrated to Axum.

8. Discuss the location of the Kingdom of Axum and its advantages. Specifically in terms of
trade.

The location of the kingdom of Axum is modern day Ethiopia. The advantage is that he was
located on the east and south upper side of river Nile. The northern side was cool and dry
highland area while the southern was tropical. So, they could grow crops and trade it with other
kingdoms.

9. What is the first historical reference to Axum? How did this individual describe Axum?

The first historical mention of Axum comes from the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea.

10. Discuss the reign of King Ezana his achievements.

Under King Ezana they adopted Christianity, they had their own alphabets the Ge’ez alphabets.

11. Discuss the architecture of Axum.

The Axum architecture include the stelae from the third and fourth centuries and obelisks, royal
tombs and palaces dating from the sixth and seventh centuries.

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