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Ict Assignment 1

A computer network connects two or more computers to share resources and communicate electronically regardless of location. Businesses use networks for remote control/maintenance of machinery, real-time communication, sharing files/resources from anywhere, and running programs from multiple points simultaneously. Common network topologies include: (1) bus topology with all computers connected to a main cable, (2) ring topology where each computer connects to the next in a continuous loop, (3) star topology where each computer connects directly to a central server/switch, and (4) point-to-point topology with direct connections between only two computers.

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290 views6 pages

Ict Assignment 1

A computer network connects two or more computers to share resources and communicate electronically regardless of location. Businesses use networks for remote control/maintenance of machinery, real-time communication, sharing files/resources from anywhere, and running programs from multiple points simultaneously. Common network topologies include: (1) bus topology with all computers connected to a main cable, (2) ring topology where each computer connects to the next in a continuous loop, (3) star topology where each computer connects directly to a central server/switch, and (4) point-to-point topology with direct connections between only two computers.

Uploaded by

Vimbai Masanganise
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1. What is a computer network and how is it used by business?

A computer network is where two or more computers are connected to communicate


with each other for the purposes of data transfer and resource sharing electronically,
regardless of the location of the. It enables users to communicate, share resources and
share files.
A business is an organisation that engages in activities of production and or services
of a commercial nature. Businesses require the use of computer networking for the
following reasons.
Control of processing programs that control the production system. For example,
machinery purchased for production does not necessarily have to be maintained by an
in house technician as the suppliers can simply connect to the machinery through
networking and do problem solving tasks.
Businesses need computers for communication. The communication can be in real
time through the use of the internet. Users can also access network files from
anywhere. This means that regardless of their location a user can access the necessary
information and is able to work, real time processing. This reduces downtime and
avoids revenue loss. Networking also allows for sharing of resources. This could be
printers, software licenses, storage devices and cloud storage, thereby saving the
company money.
Computer networking allows a business to run the same program from different
points, e.g., point of sale systems at multiple terminals there by improving efficiency
of services
Computer networking can also be used for access to increased storage.
2. Illustrate any 4 types of network topologies

a) Bus topology

NODE NODE NODE

NETWORK
CABLE

NODE NODE SERVER

In this type of network, all the computers, labelled as nodes are connected by a single main
cable. In this network one of the computers acts as the network server.
b) Ring topology

NODE
NETWORK
CABLE

NODE NODE

NODE

NODE

NODE

In this type of network, each computer is directly connected to the computer next to it. Each
computer is connected to the next one and data moves in one direction.
c) Star topoly

NODE
SERVER
NODE SWITCH
NODE

NODE

NODE

In this network all computers are connected to a central device, called a server or switch.
Technically there is no limit to the number of computers that can be connected in this type of
network as the hub can be changed to one that has more ports and it is relatively the most
inexpensive and commonly used network.
d) Point to point topology

NODE

NETWORK CABLE

This networks by direct connection of two computers. They do not require a network
operating system as there is direct connection and does not require a server.

3. Two advantages of networking computers are


i. Computer networking allows for the storage of information in one centralised
location. In addition to cost saving
ii. Computer networking can allow for the use of a single internet connection.
When secured properly, this can protect the network from viruses and
phishing.
4. The most commonly used network topology is the Star topology. This is the type of
network where each individual computer is directly connected to the server. It is the
most widely used structure because of the following reasons:
In the event of one computer being down, the network continues to work because no
two computers are directly connected, except for connection to the server. As a result,
business can continue as usual if one or more computers have a fault.
In addition to that, this type of network is relatively easy to set up, as the addition of
more computers or removal does not affect the computers that are already on the
network.
A star topology is also relatively inexpensive in terms of hardware as each computer
only requires one O/I port which connects to the hub directly with one link.
Troubleshooting is easier as a problem in the network can be linked to the individual
node or nodes as other nodes can still operate when others are affected.
It is generally a network that can take high volumes of work at a time, high
performing and with this type of network there is no risk of data collision as each
computer is connected independently. This makes the network favourable for
organisations that have high volumes of data to be processed in stated time frames.

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