EXAMINATION 3.2014 MALAWI SCHOOL CERTIFICATE OF NO.:. Soe THE MALAWI NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS BOARD EDUCATION EXAMINATION BIOLOGY Tuesday, 15 July PAPER I (100 marks) Theory 1, This paper contains 14 pages. Please check. 2. Before you begin, fill in your Examination Number at the top of the question paper and on all other sheets. 3. This paper contains sections A, Band C. Answer all questions in all the sections. Some can be answered quickly, but others require considerable thought and may take longer. 4, Write your answers on the question paper in the spaces provided. The maximum number of marks for each answer is indicated against each question. 5. In the table provided on this page, tick against the question number you have answered. 6. You should hand in your question paper to the invigilator when time is called to stop writing. © 2014 MANEB Subject Number: M022/I Time Allowed: 2 h 30 mins 2:00 - 4:30 pm. Question | Tickif | Do not writeim | Number | answered | there columns Turn over2014 EXAMINATION NUMBER: Page 2 of 14 M0221 Section A (20 marks) Answer alll questions in this section. a. Define “tropisms”. (mark) b. Name the stimulus in geotropism. (mark) Figure 1 shows types of lymphocytes in a flow diagram. Use it to answer the questions that follow. er Baimphoerte Lymphocyte x _. ae Killer T cell ‘T - lymphocyte =————-— Memory T cell Figure 1 a, Name the T-lymphocyte X. ____ mark) b. State the difference between “B-lymphocytes” and “T-lymphocytes”, (mark) ¢. Explain what happens if T-lymphocyte X has been weakened by HIV. (@ marks) a. Mention any one factor that affects primary productivity in fresh water ecosystems. (1 mark) Continued...EXAMINATION NUMBER: 2014 Page 3 of 14 M022/1 3. (Continued) b. Explain how deforestation could affect a fresh water ecosystem. @ marks) 4. a, Mention any one principle of mendelian genetics. — (mark) b. State any two causes of mutations. (@ marks) — ¢. Give two examples of characteristics that are produced by mutations among organisms. (2 marks) 5. Figure 2 shows skull fossils E, F and G of primates that evolved from a common, ancestor. Use it to answer the questions that follow. Figure 2 a, State any two differences between skulls E and F. (2 marks) Continued.EXAMINATION NUMBER: 2014 Page 4 of 14 M022/1 (Continued) b. By using arrows, arrange the letters representing the skulls to show order of their evolution. (1 mark) ©. State any two ways in which new species of organisms are formed. ~~ @ marks) Section B (60 marks) Answer all the questions in this section. 6 a. _Explain the effect of each of the following structures on movement of an impulse in neurones. (i) Myelin sheath (ii) Node of Ranvier Continued).EXAMINATION NUMBER: 2014 Page 5 of 14 M02; 7. Figure 3 shows movement of substances into a root hair. Use it to answer the questions that follow. Xylem (in the stem) L Root hair Figure 3 a. Name the part marked L. . (mark) b. How does each of the following enter the root hair? (phosphate ions: ee (1 mark) Gi) (1 mark) (4 marks) d. Give any two ways in which glucose produced during photosynthesis is used. (2 marks) a. Name the hormone that is produced by adrenal glands. (I mark) Contimied/...EXAMINATION NUMBER: 2014 Page 6 of 14 7022/1 8. (Continued) b. (i) _ State any one condition under which the hormone in 8(a) is produced. (I mark) Gi) Explain your answer to 8b(i). 7 (@ marks) ¢. Whyis the pituitary gland also called the ‘master gland"? (mark) 4. How is it that hormonal co-ordination is slower than nervous co-ordination? (@ marks) Figure 4 shows some of the organs of the digestive system. Use it to answer the questions that follow. Duodenum Figure 4 a. Name the parts marked N and P. N: P: (2 marks) ontinued/..2014 9. 10. EXAMINATION NUMBER: Page 7 of 14 M022/1 (Continued) State any two functions of the part marked L in relation to digestion. @ (mark) TT «Cr — | —|_—s (1 mark) Give any one way in which the stomach is protected from the action of each of the following: (i) Hydrochloric acid (mark) (ii) protein-digesting enzymes (mark) Figure § is a graph showing the effect of temperature on enzyme activity Use it to answer the questions that follow. Rate of reaction] 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 ‘Temperature (°C) Figure 5 (Whats the optimum temperature for this enzyme? (1 mark) Continued.EXAMINATION NUMBER: Page 8 of 14 M022/1 (Continued) (ii) Why is enzyme activity decreasing as the temperature approaches 60°C? (2 marks) (iii) Apart from temperature, name any one other factor that affects enzyme activity. (1 mark) Figure 6 is a diagram of a kidney. Use it to answer the questions that follow. Figure 6 (i) State the function of part marked M. (mark) (ii) State any two differences in composition of blood flowing in N and ino. . - ~ @ marks) (iii) Explain the condition that would cause presence of glucose in urine. (2 marks) Continued.EXAMINATION NUMBER: 2014 Page 9 of 14 M022/1 11. Figure 7 is a graph of average blood pressure in different blood vessels in the circulatory system. Use to it to answer the questions that follow. 320 18. £16. 3 gs a4 Fo Bor 7 K L M N Position in circulatory system Figure 7 a, Name the vessel represented by letter I. (1mark) b. Explain what would happen to the structure of vessel I if one’s diet had a lot of fat. (@ marks) ©. @_ Inwhich vessel is blood pressure lowest? (I mark) (ii) What is the importance of the low blood pressure in 11¢(i)? (I mark) Continued/...EXAMINATION NUMBER: 2014 Page 10 of 14 M022/1 12, _ Figure 8 shows part of the female reproductive system in humans. Use it to answer questions that follow, Figure 8 a, Name the part marked L. eee an) b. What is the name of the process taking place at M? (i mark ©. @_—_ What type of cell division is taking place at N? (1 mark) (i) Give a reason for your answer in 12¢(i). ~~ @ marks 4. Name the hormone that promotes thickening of the uterus during ovulation. (1 mark) Continued/..EXAMINATION NUMBER: 2014 Page 11 of 14 M022/1 13, Figure 9 is a diagram of feeding relationships in a savanna woodland ecosystem. Use it to answer the questions that follow. Dog Figure 9 a, Name any one primary consumer in this ecosystem. ~ (I mark) b. Construct any one food chain with four organisms from the feeding relationship. (1 mark) c. Describe one way in which a pyramid of biomass can be constructed by using a food chain. (@ marks) Continued/..2014 14. a. EXAMINATION NUMBER: Page 12 of 14 M022/1 Give one function of genes. (mark) One breed of goats was found to have some resistance to diseases but its milk production was low while another breed had high milk production but not Tesistant to diseases. b. Explain one way in which a new breed of goats with high milk production at high resistance to diseases would be produced from the two breeds. (@ marks) Explain how natural selection would operate to maintain resistance to diseas: in the goats. (marks) Continued,EXAMINATION NUMBER: 2014 Page 13 of 14 M022/1 Section C (20 marks) Essay Questions Answer both questions in this section. 15. Describe any five ways in which an outbreak of cholera can be controlled in an area. (0 marks) Continued/,EXAMINATION NUMBER: 2014 Page 14 of 14 02271 16. Describe an experiment that could be carried out to show the effect of practice on hitting a target. Your answer should include procedure, expected results and conclusion. (10 marks) END OF QUESTION PAPER ‘This paper contains 14 pages.