COURSE THREE mon hallsCourse 3 Outline Present Continuous with Future Meaning Going to - Simple Future Wh- Questions with Going to Will - Simple Future Wh- Questions - Will vs. Going to Simple Future vs. Future Continuous ‘Countable & Uncountable Nouns Quantifiers/How much? How many? Should and Shouldn't Canvs. Should Would like Tag Questions - Simple Future Recycle - Simple Future Recycle Simple Present and Present Continuous Recycle Future Continuous Recycle Quantifiers Listening Exercises Course 3 Verb Listlam going to Acapulco tomorrow. Areyou getting married next month? S - Youwillbe able to use the Present Continuous accurately to express future ideas. ~ Youwill be able to identify when the Present Continuous functions asa present or ; future idea. Notice how we can use the Present Continuous to describe an event in the future: [verbtobein —verbin-ing complement form 1 am getting married next month. BE owe going to Hawai The Present Continuous with future meaning usually includes a time expression that indicates the future, such as:next week, tomorrow, next year, etc. Now ‘August: The Present Continuous used with future meaning shows our intention to do something in the future. 1 lam flying to Boston tomorrow night, am not fying right now. Iwill fy tomorrow. intend to travel in the future. We are going to the movies this afternoon ‘Weare not going at this moment. We intend togolater today.Classwork Exercises: Present Continuous with Future Meaning 1. Read the sentences and mark P if it has a present meaning or Fifit has a future meaning. eg. 1.___ Maryis swimming in the pool now. 2.___ The kids are watching TV in their bedroom. 3.___lam dancing with my friends tonight. 4,___ Henry isn’t learning anything at school. 5.___I guess | am going to Chicago. 6.___ Marys finally getting married, 7.___ You aren't listening to me. 8 ___Lucy and Jim are buying a new car. 9.___ I an’t go out right now, | am washing my clothes. 10,__I think I'm not getting married after all 2. Harry wants you to go out with him, but you are very busy. Explain why you can’t go. Harry: Can you go out with me on Friday evening? You: Sorry, but|'m having dinner with my parents. Harry: What about Saturday evening? You: Mmm, | don't think so, | Harty: And Sunday afternoon? (go to the theater). You: I can’t, | (visit my grandma). Harry: Well, what about next Friday evening? You: Sorry, but! _(go to the beach). questions. 4g. (you/play/soccer/tomorrow?)_ Are you playing soccer tomorrow? 1. (she/practice/tennis/today?) 2 (what/you/eat/at lunch time?) 3. (where/go/this weekend?) 4 (when/Sarah/present/exam?) 5. (why/you/move to a different place?) 6 (they/work/next Saturday?) 3. Write the questions using Present Continuous with a future meaning. Then answer the |Further Practice 1. Read the sentences and mark “C” correct or “I” incorrect. eg. C 1am going swimming tomorrow morning. ae She isn’t drink at the club tonight. They singing in the graduation party next Friday. Are you cooking for all the guests for tomorrow's party? 1am not washing my clothes until tomorrow. Karen is taking care of my kids tonight. Andrew isn’t help me with the reports tomorrow. They are riding horses at the ranch every day. Lam staying at Tom's tomorrow after the party. They are meeting the CEO next Friday. 2. Put the verb in the correct form using Present Continuous with future meaning. @.g. We are not going (not/go) to the movies this evening. We have a lot of work to do. al (have) a party next Saturday at 9 pm. 2Jenny: When you (get) married? | Tim: Next month. 3.She (not/go) to school tomorrow. She (travel) to Cancun. *. she (come) to the theater with us this evening? 5.lam really happy because | (have) breakfast with Helen tomorrow morning. 6.Do you know if Jim (attend) the meeting this afternoon? I need to give himdirections.2. Going to - Simple Future Sheis going to buy a new car. ‘Are yougoing to travel next month? - Youwwill be able to use going to to indicate future ideas and plans. ~ Youwill be able to ask questions about the future. Notice how we form statements about the future using going to: Subject verbtobein goingto verbin Simple Form complement? Present They are going to buy tickets for the concert. 1 am going to alll my friend. Statements about the future using going to are often accompanied by future time expressions such as: tonight, tomorrow, next week, etc. The Simple Future with going to describes an intention. Itis also used when present evidence indicates that something is going to happen in the future. He is going toinvite her out. This means heintends toinviteher, but he hasn’t arrangedit. Look at those black clouds! The present evidence (black clouds) indicates that itis going to rain. something is going to happen. Going to and will frequently mean the same and can be used in the same way | am going to goto the movies. I will goto the movies.Classwork Exercises: Going to 1. Complete the sentences with is/are going to+ the following verbs: buy make check out come back bring not pay @ig. Weare going to buy a new car when we go to the States next month. 1.1 don't like the hotel. | ‘tomorrow morning. 2. Jack the reservation for our anniversary dinner. 3.They from their honeymoon until next Saturday. 4 you your stereo to the party? 5 for that gadget until you fix it. 2.What is going to happen in these situations? 4g. There is very little fuel in the tank. (run out of) __The caris going to run out of gas. 1. He arrived late forhis date agai (get angry) His girlfriend 2. There isa hole in my pocket. My keys are not there. (look for) | 3.1 have an appointment with the doctor at Spm. |am in the clinic and it’s 4pm. (wait for) | 5. Julie wants my phone number but | really don’t like her. (not give)! 6. Gina has a party next Friday. She has a new blue dress. (wear) She — 7. Jack has a lot of homework for tomorrow. He is playing outside with his friends. (not finish) He 3. Answer the following questionswith complete sentences. 1. Are you going to fly to New York next December? 2 is youre gona owe you To theconeartomorowt a Ara Chaya ln Go 65 dora Bock ar Pope ent eek? {Ae You going wo ala op career nae SHY Yes, Further Practice 1. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. 1. Roland going to open a restaurant in Mexico City. 2. Julieand Jack is going to meet with the director next Thursday. 3, They aren't going check in until tomorrow.Whatare you going todo tomorrow? Whereis she going tobe this weekend? You will be able to ask for specific information related to future actions using Wh- question words and going to. Notice how we form questions that ask for information using going to: Wh- —verbtobein subject —_goingto verbin complement? question present yple Form ‘Who is - going to go to the party? What are you going to do? - | The Simple Future with going to describes an intention; something already planned. Itis also used when present evidence indicates that something is going to happen in the future. We form questions with question words to ask about specific plans or future events related to person, action, object, place or time. Who is going to cometo the movies We want to knowtheplan. with us? | What are you going to dotomorrow? — Wewantto know whatyou intend to do. L__ TIClasswork Exercises: Wh- Questions with Going to 1. Make questions using going tofrom the statements. 4g. Tahya is going to give me the sample, ‘Who is going to give you the sample? 1. John is going to listen to the tape before he makes a decision. (action) What 2 They are going to bring the food for the party. (object) What 3, We are going to buy a car in Mc Allen next Friday. Where 4, My parents are going to sell our house next December. When 5. They are going to clean the house before we move in. Who 6 Mary is going to take care of my baby on Friday evening, (action) What. 7. They are going to eat pizza in George's house. (object) What. 2. Make questions using going to. Paty and John are going to study English at Harmon Hall next month, (person) Who is going to study English at Harmon Hallnext month? (action) What (object) What (place) Where (time) When Jake is going to rent an apartment in Florida next summer. (person) Who. (action) What. (object) Whatis Jake going to rent in Florida next summer? (place) Where (time) When 10i Sra Future Itisstarting to.ain. | will shut all the windows. will you please call me tonight? = You willbe able to make statements using will to describe future actions. = Youwill be able to ask for things using will. Notice how we form affirmative and negative statements about the future using will: Subject wit verbvin Simple Form” | complement My father will lend me his car. She won't come - todlasstomortow, *Notice the negative form of will Notice how we ask questions about the future using will: wan subject _verbin Simple Form |//ieomplement iil] will your father lend youhis car? wit she come | toss tommorrow? Undesening D> an The Simple Future with will indicates that we decide to do something at the moment of speaking, We do not use will to talk about previous plans. You can use il to make predictions based on personal experience or ask someone to do something. The phone's ringing. I'llgetit! * Youdecide at that moment to answer the phone. “I itis usually contracted tol'7in speaking and writing. Don't worry if you are late. Your friends Prediction based on experience. Wlunderstand. Will you please turn off the TV? ‘Asks someone to do something. Going to and will frequently mean the same and can be used in the same way: 1am going to goto the movies. I will goto the movies. uClasswork Exercises: Will 1. Complete the sentences with wii/ ('//)+ the following verbs: gotosleep arrive standup —_callup __tell have Fea ig. think lead this book. It looks really interesting. 11am tired of sitting down. | 2 Harry is sick. Jane him to see if he’s better. 3, Mary is writing the report rightnow. You itin the afternoon. 4 Ifyou don't give me my doll, | my mom. 5. Don't worry about Linda. She. ontime. 61am very sleepy. think! after lunch. 2. Putin will (ior won't. 6) lam tred ofthe nightie Iwon'tsingin barsanymore 1.Try this sandwich. think you ii 21 want to watch the newssol__turn fe ‘Toff. 3. Right after lunch she brush her teeth. 41 gotheclubwithyou, but!__drink any alcohol. 5,We have alot of work. Iguess | stay a few more hours. 6 They don’t have enough money. They pay it. 3. Answer the questions. e.g, Will you do the assignment next Friday? Yes, Lwill, 1. Will you come over next weekend? i 2.Will you start your diet tomorrow? Yes, 3.Will you fill out the registration form? No, Further Practice 1. Read the situations and write sentences with/think /'/... or /don't think I'll... e.g. That isa very cheap sweater. [think buy it, 1. Thank you very much, but | don’t like vegetables. 2 Look! it’s very cloudy. 3, These trousers are dirty, but it’s late. 4 It’s 4pm. Martha will arrive at Spm. 5.lam very thirsty. 6. That isa very nice TV, but itis very expensive. 7.1 want to take a vacation. | really like to travel. RWho will call him? Susan will What will you do aboutit? - Youwwill be able to ask for specific informationabout the future using Wh- question words and will. Notice how we form questions about future actions with will: Question word wi//_ subject verbinSimpleForm complement? Who will he go with? When will you finish college? Where will you play soccer this weekend? The Simple Future with will indicates that we decide to do something at the moment of speaking. We do not use wil/to talk about previous plans. Weask questions with wh-question words to find out speci future events related toa person, action, object, place or time. formation about Who will go and shut the door? [want to know who will help medo a particulartask. What will we have forlunch? BClasswork Exercises: Wh- Questions with will 1.Make Wh-questions using wil! e.g. Carrie will give classes at UCLA next year. (person) Who will give classes at UCLA next year? 1. Jerry will play football next Saturday. (ection) What. 2. They will cancel the Friday meeting (object) What 3.We will eat at Benny’s on Saturday. (place) Where 4. Iwill call in on my grandma next week. (time) When 5, Susan will stay in Europe for two weeks. (time) How long 6. We will watch a movie next Friday night. (ction) What 2.Make Wh-questions using wilt. Gerardo will talk about genetics in the auditorium next Friday. Who will talk about genetics? (act) What ae (obj). What Where When Further Practice 1. Unscramble the questions. @.g. will/swimming/us/tomorrow?/who/with/go Who will go swimmingwith us tomorrow? 1, they/office/week?/what/do/next/will/the/in 2. Charly/graduation?/the/for/will/what/wear /the/equipment?/for/where/look/you 4, when/you/invitation?/will/accept/invitation/my 41am going to ook for anew job. Iwilllook fora new job. - You will identify the difference in meaning between going to and will to in future ideas. - You will be able to use going to or will with accuracy. Notice how we express future ideas using going to and will: Subject verb tobe goingto _verbinSimpleForm complement 1 am going to Invite her. Subject will : verbinSimpleForm complement She will - go tothe movies. We use going to to express an intention to do something already planned. We use going to when present evidence indicates that something is going to happenin the future. We use will when we decide to do something in the moment of speaking. We also use will to make predictions based on personal experience. lamgoing to giveheraringon her —__-Youalready knew about her birthday birthday. and thought aboutit | didn’t know it was her birthday. This means you didn’tknow about go buy her a present. her birthday and decided at that moment. Going toand wittfrequently mean the same and can be used in the same way. Jam going to goto the movies. | will goto the movies. 15ClassWOrk Exercises: Willvs. Going to 1. Use going toin the following sentences. Note that you knew about the situation before the time of speaking. ise for rent advertised in the newspaper. You are interested in renting it. 1 already know where you are going to live? |am going to (rent) that house | saw in the newspaper. F party on Friday night. You run into one of your friends. Friend: So, what are your plans for Friday night? You: My friends and | (have) a party on Friday night. Do you want to come? 2. You see that itis a very nice day. You decide to take a walk. You meet your father on your way out. Father: Hey, where are you going? You: Il (take a walk) by the lake. 3. Somebody offers you a job. You say that you have to think about it. friend asks you about your decision. Friend: Doyou know what to do about the job offer? You: Yes, (not / accept) it. t's a long way from home. 2. Use wiisin the following sentences. Note that you didn’t know about the situation before the time of speaking. ‘of your friends is crying. She tells you some bad news. ‘You know, |just broke up with my boyfriend. ____ Don't worry! Youwill find (find) someone who really loves you. 1. You and your wife are arriving home and the baby is sleeping. Your wife: Shh! Don't make so much noise or you (wake up) the baby. 2. One of your friends tells you that she forgot her textbook. Friend: Ohno! Ileft my bookat home. What am | going to do? You: Don't worry! | (lend) you mine. 3. One of your friends wants to tell you a secret. Friend: “Ihave to tell you something, but don't tell anybody, ok? You: Please tell me. | promise | (not / tell) anybody. 3. Choose the correct option. 9. have two tickets for the movies. Iwill / am going to go tomorrow. 1. Mary says that she will /is going to get married next year. She will start preparing everything. 2.Jessie won't /isn't going to go to the party tonight. He is tired. 3.Will you / Are you going to come to the party? 4, She is very angry. She won't/is not going to agree to help us. 5. Karen is not here, but she will /is going to call you as soon as possible. 6. Juliewill /is going to buy a car next year. 7.Will you / Are you going to tell him the truth? 8. Peter is very sick. He won't /isn’t going to pay attention to the class. 16willbe sleeping by the time you arrive. - Youwillbe able to describe actions that happen continuously in the future. Notice how we form the Future Continuous: Subject will be _verb+-ing complement They will ~— be She will be eating _by the time she gets there. traveling fortwo months. continue in the future. It is common to use connectors like when, by the time, after, before, while and until with the Future Continuous. | willbe living in Canada next year The action will begin and continue in the future. | willbe watching TV when you get home. {will start watching TV sometime in the future, then youwill come home. v7Classwork Exercises: Future Continuous 1. Put the verbin the Future Continuous form. eg let's go out on Friday. < Iwill be studying (study) all day for my final test. 1. Mom, if you need me! (take a shower) 2.Don'tcall me after 11,1 (sleep). (have) breakfast 3. if you try to contact the boss after 9, he with some customers. 4,A:Can | see you on Saturday? B: Yes, but not in the morning. | (take care) of my nephew. 5. A: Did you know that the boss wants to give you a promotion next year? B: Yes, but! (novwork) in this company next year. \ (live) in Canada. 6. A: Can you phone me at 7? B: Sorry, | (watch) at the movies with my girlfriend from 6 to 9. 7.What. you (do) on Christmas night? & By the time you get there, we (dance). 9.She (exercise) by the time you artive. 2. Answer the following questions. 1, What will you be doing tomorrow afternoon? 2. What will you be doing next Saturday night? 3. What will your father be doing tomorrow morning? 4. What \g on Friday afternoon? ll your mother be d 5. Where will you be living next year? 6. Where will you be working next year? 18Iwill start working at6, Iwill be working from 6 to 12. You will identify the difference in meaning between Simple Future and Future Continuous and be able to use them effectively. Notice how we form the future with will: Subject witt verbinSimpleForm complement I will arrive at9. Notice how we form the Future Continuous: Subject wil be verb+-ing complement 1 will be doing my homework from 9 to 11. We often use connectors like when, by the time, after, before, while and until with the = Future Continuous The Simple Future with will indicates that we decide to do something at the moment of speaking. We do not use will to talk about previous plans. Use will to make predictions based on personal experience. You can also use will to ask someone to do something. The Future Continuous describes an action that begins in the future and will continuein thefuture. Iwittgoto the officear9. You decide to do something at agiventime. Iwitt be working from 10107. Theaction willstartin thefutureand continue. English speakers usually contract will motto won’t when speaking and writing I won ‘tgo to the office today. She won'tbe working from 10 to 12. 19Classwork Exercises: Simple Future vs. Future Continuous 1. Choose the correct option. @.g. Jacob is going to buy/ will be buying a new car next week. 1. At this time tomorrow | will sing / will be singing at the club. 2 By the time they open, shewill shop / will be shopping in a differentstore. 3.1 don’t think | will visit / will be visiting my grandma next April. 4. My father says heis qoing to work / will be working all day tomorrow. 5.Linda says she won't accept / won't be accepting more lies from you. 6. lam going to speak/ will be speaking with Mr. Smith by the time you arrive. 7. Harry says he won't wait / won't be waiting for you if you arrive late. & Sheena is going to use / will be using the computer from 4 to 8. 9. 1am going to come back/ will be coming back from Acapulco next Friday. 2. Correct the mistake in the following sentences. @.g. The president will gives a speech during his next visit to The president willgivea speech during his next visit o Tijuana, 1. Jerry going to play soccer in the next championship. 2. Harriet will riding a horse at the track by the time we all have lunch. 3. not going to fill out the job application. 4 Sarah says she won't talks to him until he apologizes. 5.1 will be enjoy myself in the Yucatan peninsula all weekend. 6 Meteorologists say it will raining all afternoon. 7. Peter isn’t go to agree to help us with the project. 8 They going to wash everybody's clothes for the coming event. 9.Philip won't be work the following days. He is sick.9. Countable & Uncountable Nouns «ar, cars, house, houses sugar, (notsugars), ‘meat, (not meats) - Youwillable to identify nouns that can be counted or not. ~ You will be able to distinguish which nouns can be used in singular or plural. What do you notice about the following singular and plural nouns? Singular Plural car cars apple apples salt money You cannot put a or an before Uncountable nouns. They don't have a plural form so they always take a singular verb. Countable Uncountable thavea car. Ineed [x] information. like hamburgers. The moneyisin the bank. Countable nouns can be counted one by one. You can saya car, two cars, etc. Uncountable nouns can’t be counted by themselves. They are always singular. You can't say an information, two informations, etc. But you can quantify them by using measuring units like one kilo of sugar, two liters of milk, some information, etc. bought a penci ‘Countable nouns can be singular or plural. bought two pencils She needsmilk forthe baby. Uncountable nouns have. singular verb agreement. You cannot put aor an before them. bought a liter of milk “In this case you countthelliter,not the milk. Be careful with Uncountable nouns that seem to be countable. For example, the word moneycan't be counted; you can count pesos or dollars but not the word money. 2Classwork Exercises: Countable/Uncountable Nouns 1.Mark “C” if the noun is countable and “U” if it is uncountabl LLU money ji cay 21.__kilo 2.___song 12.___ question 22,___ day 3.__ sand 13.__ electricity 23.___ beer 4, milk 14.__ key 24, salt 2 = 15.___ love 25,___interview ee: 16.___ soup 26. __ paint oe 17.____ wine 27.___banana es iS 18.__ hamburger 28.__ box 9. 19._ sugar 29,__ketchup los 20.____letter 30.____liter 2. Choose the correct option. €.g. | want to watch movie /a moviethis weekend. 1. She never uses toothpaste /a toothpaste to brush her teeth. 2 David needsinformation / informations about the tours to Europe. 3 Sally eats hamburger / a hamburger for breakfast every morning, 4.1am running out ofsuaar/a sugar. 'm going to go and buy it. 5. Tom won't buy wine/a wine for his anniversary. 6 llike coffees/ a cup of coffee every moming. 7. My son eatsa cereal / a bow! of cereal for breakfast. & Ineed you to give me money /a money for my tuition. ‘9. You never have time /a time to see me or call me. 10. ll only havea bread /aslice of bread, thanks. 11.Jimmy isn't going to write letter /a letter to the vice-president. 12. She'll have a water / a glass of water please. 13.1 don't eat meat / a meatevery day. 14. Jake reads magazine / magazines every weekend. Further Practice 1. Complete the sentences using the following nouns. Use , an, or the plural (-s) where necessar experience permission chair book —_advice_ money key work hair people job_—_luck 4g. Thete are many books about astronomyon the shelf, > 1. Ifyou want to apply for that job you will need some. 2 Please give me some | don’t know what to do. 3.1 don’t know where my house are. 4.Do youthink you will get__ to goto the party? S.1have a lot of, once ae ee 6.1am looking for -Ireally need some . 7. There are enough - We can accommodate over 50 8 There's in my soup. | don’t wani10. Quantifiers/How much? ae Ee How many magazines do you buy? Ibuya few magazines E = How much wine do you drink? ere Idon‘tdrink much wine. - You willbe able to determine which quantifiers are used with Countable and Uncountable nouns. - Youwill be able to ask questions using How much? or How many? Notice which quantifiers we can use before Countable andUncountable nouns: A allot off alot off lots of lots of many +Countablenoun much +Uncountable noun some some (a) few (a) little any Alot of toys, many chairs, a few friends. Alot of homework, some information, a little milk... : You can only use any in negative statements or questions: I don‘thave any money Doyouhave any? Idon‘thave any photos of my boyfriend —*idon'thave'any photolofmy boytriend *With Uncountable nouns, useany in plural cases only. i You can only use much in negative statements or questions: don’t have much money have much money X When we want to ask a question about Countable nouns we use How many? When we want to aska question about Uncountable nouns we use How much? How many books do you read every year? Books can be counted. I read a few books every year. How much meat do you eat every week? Meat can’tbe counted. leat some meat every week Littleor few without a are frequently used to express negative ideas: Thave little time for my family. Peterhas fewfriends.1. Fill in the blanks using someor any. & ne ite tk 1.She doesn’t want. milk in her coffee. 2 can't find presents for my son’s birthday. 3.Sorry,| can’t go to the bar with you. Idon’t have money. 4 There are things | don't like about her, but she is a good person. 5.Doyou have information about butterflies? 6.Can| have. sugar? 7. There isn't food in the fridge. 2. Fill in the blanks with muchor many. 1.We don't have. homework in the third course. 2 There are ______ problems with the new computer program 3.They don't have bread or milk in that store. 4 There are so things that | want to tell you. 5.idon'thave — time, Please hurry up. 6.1 can't buy something like that | don't have money. 7.Do you have friends? in the blanks with /ittle/a little /few/a few. 1. Lonly brought bottles of wine for the party but that will be enough. 2. There was traffic, but | arrived late anyway. 3.Do you want some coffee? Thank you, just 4,He is not a very famous artist. people know him. 5.lonly have dollars left 6 There is to say about that issue. e bit of your time would be enough.Classwork Exercises: How much.. Choose How much?or How many? for the following questions. ‘&.g. How many oranges do you have? i milk do you drink everyday? pens do you have? books are you going to buy? cheese do you eat? rice do you cook? apples are there on the table? ayaAwN 5. Answer the following questions. e.g. How much water is in the ocean? is alot of water in the ocean 1. How many people are there in your family? 2. How many vacations do you take every year? 3, How much furniture is there in your house? 4. How many people do you usually invite to your parties? Further Practice 1.Make complete questions using How much or How many? eg She will trade lots of pictures with her friends, 1. Henry isinviting four important guests o dinner. 2. Maggie is going to prepare some paella for the family. 3. Linda usually brings little food to school. 4. They write 20 letters per month. 5, Weeata lot of meat.You look sick. You should go to the doctor. You shouldn't smoke somuch. - Youwill be able to make recommendations using should and shouldn't. - Youwill be able to ask for advice using should. Notice how we make suggestions using should and shouldn't: Subject shoula/shoutan't verb in Simple complement Form You should pay attention to the teacher. You shouldn't say bad words. We use should when we want to give someone. a recommendation. The recommendation is based in our personal opi We can use shouldn’t when we want to tell someone that, according to us, that is not a good thing to do. You look stressed. You should take In my opinion, taking a vacation will a vacation. relax you. You are gaining weight. You Inmy opinion, eating at night is not shouldn't eat at night good for you. English speakers usually contract sfou/dnot to shouldn'tin speaking and writing: You shouldn’tsleep late.Classwork Exercises: Should and Shouldn't 1. Write a sentence with shoufd or shouldn’t+ the following for each situation: work so much eat so much drink so much take an aspirin go there look for ajob start studying pay attention to him ig. Linda needs money. She should look fora job. 1. Kim has a very bad headache. 2 Pete has a terrible hangover. 3/ Lucy is galning welght saan os. SERS Sa 4, Disneyland is a very interesting plac 5.1 will have a very difficult test tomorro\ 6 [have been very stressed the last few days. 7. George always makes me cry. Write sentences with /think...shouldor / don’t think...should. 4g. That cars giving you a lot of trouble. (sell it) /think you should sellit, 1. Rebecca is very tired. (rest) 2 The party is late at night and Jimmy is very young. (go). 3. That is a beautiful jacket. (buy it) 4, My auntis very sick. (go to the doctor) 5. Ann doesn't really love him. (get married) 6 My father really needsa vacation. (take one) eae 7. Randal doesn't have many friends. (go out more) 3. Write some recommendations for the foll 1. Susan wants to lose two or three kilos. Tell her what she should do. a. She should exer b. se Tell her what she shouldn't do. « 19 people. 2. Patrick is having problems with his wife. Tell him what he should do. a. a Tell him what he shouldn't do. id d. 3. Johana is very sad because she doesn’t have many friends. Tell her what she should do. a. Tell her what she shouldn’t do. ic d. aHecan swim very well, is sister can't swim very well. ‘She should take swimming classes. ll identify and contrast the uses of can and should. - You will be able to express ideas effectively with can and should. Notice how we form sentences using can/can‘tand should/shouldn't: Subject canfean't verb in Simple Form complement She can speak _. French very well. He can't speak German, Subject shoufd/shouldn’t verbinSimpleForm complement She should teach French, He shouldn't teach German. We use can when we want to express that someone hasan ability. We use can’t when we want to express that someone doesn’t have an ability. We use should when we want to give someone a recommendation. The recommendation is based in our personal opinion. ‘We can use shouldn't when we want to tell someone that, according to us, that is not a good thing to do. They eandance swing well. They have the ability. He ean'tspeak French. He doesn'thave the ability. We should take dancing classes. Inmy opinion, itis necessary. You shoulein't smoke. In my opinion, itisnot a good thing todo. 28Classwork Exercises: Can/Can’t 1. Use canor can’tin the following sentences. ul ride a horse. 2.1_____swim. 3.1____play soccer. 4.1 drive a standard car. 5.1______ play the guitar. 61 play videogames well. 7.\_____ ice-skate. 8.|_____ dance ballet. Sa. 10.|_____ride a motor bike. Now ask your partners to answer these questions. eg. Can you ride a horse? Classwork Exercises: Can and Should 2. Choose the correct option. eg. want to study English so that ican /should communicate in the USA. 2.1 think you can / should tell him the truth. 3.He can't / shouldn't read and write. That's why he can‘t / shouldn't find a job. 4.James is the only student that can‘t/ shouldn't use the computer well. 5, Sarah can / should take some medicine. Her condition is getting worse. 6.1 don’t think you can /should move to another city. 7.Can / Shouldyou pass the salt please? & Can /Shouldhe buy that new car or not? 9.1 really can‘t/ shouldn't see the difference between those two computers. 29_ Iwould lke tohaveasoda, Would youliketo come? You willbe able to express desire using would ike. You will be able to ask about someone else's desires using would like. You will be able to use have to, need to, liketo and want to accurately. Notice how we express desire using would like: Subject wouldlike _verbininfinitive complement i would like toeat a shrimp cocktail. We would like ‘to know your opinion. Notice how we ask questions using would like: Wh? would+ subject+ like verb in infinitive complement What would you like todo this afternoon? Where would she like tostudy? - We use would like to express a desire. It is a more polite way to say want: Iwant more soda sounds like a command. It's impolite. Iwould like more soda sounds like a request. It's more polite. In the question form we use would like to know about other people's desires. would like to go to the movies. want t0.go to the movies. What would you like to eat? Iwant to know what you want to eat. English speakers usually contract would to ‘d when speaking and writing: Tallike to sit by the window, please.Classwork Exercises: Have to/Want to/Need to/Like to 1. Use Like to/Have to/Need to/Want toin the following sentences. €4g.| really don’t want to see her anymore. 1. One of the things that | really doissing. 2 Youwill study very hard if you want to pass that test. 3 She wash the dishes before she gets permission to go out. 4 She says shereally surf the internet. 5.Do you. ‘come to the movies with me? 6.Karen buy sodas and burgers for the party. 7.My father says that! __ clean my room every day. 2. Complete the following sentences. 1, On Saturdays, | like to 2. My father doesn't like to 3. My girlfriend wants to. 4 [really don’t want to 5, Mary needs to because 6.1 don't need to because. 7.1have to iflwant to 8. This week don’thaveto Classwork Exercises: Would like 3. Answer the following questions. 4g. Would you like to have lunch with me today? Yes, Iwould. 1. Would you like to go to arestaurantwith us? No, 2. Would you like to celebrate my birthday with us tomorrow? Yes, 3. Would you like to stay home tonight? No, 4, Would you like to play on our team? Yes, 5, Would you like to marry him? No, 4. Choose the correct option. e.g. Do you like / Would you likea cup of coffee? 11.Do you like / Would you like opera? 2.Do you like /Would you like to stay for a couple of days? 3, Wheredo you like / would you like to go on weekends? 4, Wheredo you like / would you like to spend your anniversary? 5. Llike to /I’d like to eat vegetables. 6 [like to /I'd like to eat a hamburger right now. 7.Ldon't like to /1 wouldn't like to see that movie. 31‘She will get married next month, won'tshe? ‘They are going toplay tomorrow, ‘aren‘tthey? - You will be able to use Tag Questions in the Simple Future successfully. - You will be able to use Tag Questions in other tenses accurately. Notice how we form tag questions in the Future: Subject verb tobe goingto verbin complement, verbzobe subject Simple Form She is going to go totheparty, isn’t she? She isn't going to go tothe party, is she? x Subject wil - verbin complement, —wil/_—subject Simple Form He will - play with us, won't he? He won't play with us, will he? If the statement is affirmative, the Tag Question will be negative. If the statement is negative, the Tag Question will be affirmative. We use Tag Questions in English to confirm or check that something is true or to make small talk. He will come to the meeting, won’the? Iknow thathe wil come, but! wantto confirm the idea. ‘They won't play in the tournament, will they? She will look lovely in her wedding dress, won't she? __‘Rhetorical -response must bees. Spanish speakers frequently make the mistake of saying or no?or or yes? as Tag Questions in English: Incorrect: He will come to the meeting, or no? Incorrect: They won't play the tournament, or yes?Classwork Exercises: Tag Questions in Simple Future 1. Use the correct Tag Question inSimple Future. e.g. She will go swimming with us on Friday, 1, They won't smoke when they come, 2. My mother is going to work on January , 3.1 am going to call hi 4 They are going to visit usatChristmas, 5. Julie isn’t going to talk about the problem, 6 We aren't going to read that book, ze 7.1am not going to clean that mess, es & They will agree to take care of the baby, ame: 9. You won't tell them what is happening, — 10. Jimmy is going to talk to the boss, ae 11. Alex isn’t going to lend you the car, 5 aes 12. They are going to wear a jacket for the event, a 13. They aren't going to chat in class, as Classwork Exercises: Tag Questions in All Tenses 2. Use the correct Tag Question. e4g. Sheis staying at your place, isnitshe? 1, They are brushing their teeth, 2 My brother isn’t working for you, 3. Our parents aren't having trouble, 4.We have a lot of work to do, 5, They don’t want to do the task, 6. Gina cooks delicious food, David doesn’t know the answer, & Charly will travel next month, 9, Jane is going to arrive tomorrow, 10, Lane has to bring the documents, 11. Tim needs to fill out this form, 3. Write a sentence according to the Tag Question. aa They always arrive on time, don't they? doesn’t he? will you? aren't you? do they? does she? won't she? isn’the? will she? PN OWA WN a 3HEME re\e(mtinalo) mm ULeel acy will call her tonight. am going to invite herout. - You willeffectively communicate ideas inthe Simple Future using going to and will in the affirmative, interrogative and negative forms. Remember how to make future statements using will and going to: Subject will /begoingto _verbinSimple _ complement Form He will : go out with her tonight. She - is going to visit him tomorrow. ‘The Simple Future with going to describes an intention. I is also used when present evidence indicates that something is going to happen the future. The Simple Future with will indicates that we decide to do something at the moment of speaking. We do not use will to talk about previous plans. You can use will to make predictions based on personal experience or ask someone to do something. He is going to invite her out. He intends to invite her, buthe hasn't orrangedit Is getting cold. will get my sweater. Youdecideat that moment to get your sweater. Going to and will frequently mean the same and can be used in the same way. I am going to goto the movies. I will goto the movies.Classwork Exercises: Simple Future + Weather Vocabulary 1. Write how the weather wi//be in the following places. @g. (Cancun, hot, sunny) Cancun will havea hot sunny day tomorrow. OR Cancun will be hotand sunny tomorrow. 1, (Pachuca, cool, windy) 2 (Queretaro, warm, cloudy) 3. (Veracruz, warm, rainy) 4. (Oaxaca, hot, clear) 5. (Toluca, cold, foggy) 6 (Chihuahua, cold, snowy) 7. (Mexico City, cool, rainy) Classwork Exercises: Simple Future 2. Answer the following questions, then ask your partners to answer them. 4g. Will you go to the movies tomorrow? ‘Yes, | will 1. Are you going to buy a new car next year? 2.When will you have an exam? 3, Where are you going to go on Sunday? 4.Will you watch a movie tonight? 5, Are you going to get married next year? 3. Completethe questions. 1. Cesar will make cookies at home tomorrow. (person) Who__ faction) What. (place) Where 2. Alex is going to play the piano in the auditorium on Friday. (person) Who. (object) What _ (time) When _1g0toschoolevery day. Jam studying English now. ~ You will communicate Simple Present and Present Continuous ideas effectively in the affirmative, interrogative andnegative forms. Remember how to form the Simple Present and Present Continuous Tenses: Subject verbin wetbtobe —_verbining complement” present _inpresent form ees She does : : karate every day. He z is washing the dishes now. We use the Simple Present to talk about routines or habits. We also use it to speak about things in general. We use the Present Continuous to talk about things happening at the time of speaking (now). We can also use the Present Continuous to talk about future ideas. She plays tennis every Saturday. Aroutine activity She is playing tennis now. The action s happening now. She is leaving at 9pm. Present Continuous with future meaningClasswork Exercises: Simple Present/Present Continuous uous of 1. Decide if the following sentences need the Simple Present OR Present Cor the verbs in parentheses. e.g.We play soccer every day.(play) 1. Lucy. in an office. (not/work) 2.Look! It to rain. (begin) 3. They always at Kelly's. (eat) 4 Please be quiet | to the radio. (listen) s.Jenny. perfume today. (not/wear) 6.Jake to parties. (never/go) 2. Decide if the following questions need the Simple Present OR Present Continuous of the verbs in parentheses. eg. 1.Who_is bringing Popcorn for the movie tonight? (bring) 2.What. ‘to the office every day? (you/wear) 3.Where __2(Max/go) 4.What time to the hotel? (they/check in) 5. How come. meat anymore? (you/not/eat) 6When this class/finish) Classwork Exercises: Present Continuous 3. Answer the following questions, then ask your partners to answer them. 1.What are you doing now? 2. What is your father doing now? 3. What is your mother doing now? 4. What is your brother/sister doing now? 5. Are you writing now? 6.Are you dancing at home now? 71s your boyfriend/girlfriend working now? 4. Complete the questions. 1. Martha is deaning the living room at this moment. (person) Who (action) What 2. They are answering e-mails in the office now. (person) Who| il be sleeping by the time you arrive. ~ Youwill successfully communicate ideas in the Future Continuous. Remember how we form statements in the Future Continuous: Subject wil! be verb+-ing complement 3 They will be eating _by the time she gets there. = She will be traveling fortwo months, We wont be staying here for long, | ‘The Future Continuous describes an action that begins in the future and will continue in the future. It is common to use connectors like when, by the time, after, before, while and until with the Future Continuous. — {will be living in Canada next year The action willbegin and continue in the future bewatching TV when you {will start watching TV in the future, then you will gethome. come home. Itis common to use connectors such as after, before, when, by the time and until with the Future Continuous: Illbe taking a shower when the TV show starts.Classwork Exercises: Future Continuous 1. Answer the following questions using the Future Continuous. Then ask your partners to answer them. 1. What will you be doing tomorrow morning? 2. What will you be doing Friday night? 3. What will you be doing on your birthday? 4, Where will you be living next year? 5. Where will you be working next year? 6. Will you be having a party on Saturday? 2. Complete the following sentences using the Future Continuous. 1.Inten years, 2. By the time she calls me,| 3.Next year, I don’t think | 4He. while he talks to her. 5, They by the time we finish the meeting. 39How many magazines do you buy? Ibuya few magazines. How much wine do you drink? Idon'tdrinkmuchwine. ~ You will successfully determine which quantifiers are used with Countable and Uncountable nouns. - You will be able to ask questions using How much? or How many? Notice which quantifiers we can use before Countable and Uncountable nouns: alotof/ alotoff lots of lots of many + Countablenoun much + Uncountable noun FS some some (a) few (a) little any any Alot of toys, many chairs, a few friends. Alot of homework, some information, a little mil You can only use any in negative statements or questions: Idon‘thave any money Doyouhave any? Idon‘thave any photos of my boyfriend *idon'thaveany photo oFfmy boyrrienalx *With Uncountable nouns, useany in plural cases only. You can only use much in negative statements or questions: Idon’t have much money Ihave much money X Countable Uncountable if When we want to ask a question about Countable nouns we use How many? 4 When we want to ask a question about Uncountable nouns we use How much? How many books do you read every year? Books can be counted. read a few books every year How much meat do you eat every week? Meat can't be counted. leat some meat every week. Littleor few without aare frequently used to express negative ideas: Ihave titefe time for my family. Peter has fewfriends.Classwork Exercises: How much... ? and How many. 1. Make a complete question using How much? or How many? 4g, Jackie buys a lot of food in the supermarket every week, How much food does Jackie buy in the supermarket every week? 1. Louis doesn’t take much time for lunch. 2. They respond to five e-mails every night. 3. Claire is writing some letters to the president. 4.Kirkand Jean don’t have much time to exercise. 5, Damian is going to wanta lot of money for his services. 6 They are going to walk two miles to work tomorrow. 7. There will be a thousand people at the convention next Friday. & Robert will need some flour for the cake. 9. They will be counting a lot of coins after they finish the collection. 4— Infinitive Toarive (reg) ToBANGI) To buy Ge) Todo (irt) To enjoy (reg) ‘Tofinish (rea) Totty Gr) To.gve li) To hear (im) To leave (ir) To listen (reg) To look (res) To make (in To pay Gre) To plan (reg) Torride te) To sell (ie) To stay res) To stop (reg) Totake (ier) Infinitive To.come back ier) To.go back tire) Tolisten to (reg) To checkin (reg) To check out (reg) Torun outof (irr) To pickour (reg) ‘Tohandin (rea) To hand out (reg) To fillout (reg) Pronunciation Cod Pronunciation (8aivt ering ell 16) fnjo’ Finish fy ait hid Mev istry kd Im k/ Tear ‘plan/ ile ‘sly Ist. /stap/ TAKE Pronunciation ‘1k&s ak! 190 bakh Tin eo khek in ‘chek aut’ (ain au vt pik au hand ind fhand aut! aut! i PastTense arived () brought bought id enjoyed (a) finished (@) flew gave heard left listened (a) looked made paid planned (a) rode sold stayed (a) stopped @ took eH PastParticiple arived brought bought done enjoyed (a) finished @ flown siven heard lett listened (4) looked made paid planned (a) ridden sold stayed (a) stopped (@ taken Phrasal Verbs PastTense ‘came back went back listened (ato checked @in checked (9 out an outer picked (out handed (iin handed fidJout filled (aout PastParticiple ‘come back ‘gone back listened (ato checked (@ in checked @ out run out of picked (e) out handed (i) in handed fiaJout filled (aout Gerund ariving bringing buying doing enjoying finishing frying giving hearing leaving listening looking making paying) planning riding sling staying stopping taking Gerund coming back going back listening checking in checking out running out of picking out handing in handing out filing out comprar hacer gozar,cisrutar terminar volar ar dejar, abandonar escucharcon pager hacer planes ‘montar, andar en/a vender quedarse parar, detenerse) tomar, agarrar Spanish regresar ide regret cescucharalgo/a alguien registrar(se) hotel, ete. registrar salide hotel, ete ‘quedarse sin algo) sleccionar,elegir fentregar algo: personalments repartir algo (distibuiro) lenar una for 47