1

Khwopa Secondary School Practice Questions – Physics XII

Photon b) When ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 400 nm falls on a certain metal
Short question: surface, the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted electrons is 1.10 eV. What
1. a) Which has more energy, a photon in the infrared or one in the ultraviolet? Give is the maximum energy of the photoelectrons when light of wavelength 300 nm
reasons. [2] falls on the same surface? [Ans: 3.42× 10-19J] [3]
b) Find the number of photons emitted per second by 25 watt source of 7. a) Human skin is relatively insensitive to visible light, but ultraviolet radiation can
monochromatic light of wave-length 6000A0. What is the photoelectric current cause severe burns. Dose this have anything to do with photon energies?
assuming 3% efficiency for photoelectric effect?[Ans:7.55×1019/s, 0.36 A ] [3] Explain. [2]
2. a) What is threshold frequency? Does it depend on the intensity of light? [1+1] b) Sodium has work function of 2eV. Calculate the maximum energy and speed
b) Lights of two different frequencies whose photons have energies 1 eV and 2.5 of the emitted electrons when sodium is illuminated by a radiation of 150nm.
eV respectively are successfully illuminated on a metal whose work function is What is the threshold frequency of radiation for which electrons are emitted
0.5 eV. What is the ratio of the maximum speed of the emitted electrons? [Ans: from sodium surface? [Ans: 0.48×1015 Hz, 1×10-18 J, 1.48×106 m/s] [3]
1:2] [3] 8. a) Which one sever burns, white light and infrared? [2]
3. a) In what ways do photons resemble other particles, such as electrons? In what b) A beam of light has three wavelengths 4144A0, 4972 A0 and 6216 A0 with a
ways do they differ? total intensity of 3.6 ×10-3 W/m2 equally distributed amongst the three
b) Do photons have mass? Do they have electric charge? Can they be accelerated? wavelengths. The beam falls normally on an area 1 cm2 of a clean surface of
What mechanical properties do they have? work function 2.3 eV. Assume that there is no loss of light by reflection and
c) In photoelectric effect experiment with light of a certain frequency, you find a that each energetically capable photon ejects one electron. Calculate the
reverse potential difference of 1.25 V required to reduce current to zero. Find number of photoelectrons liberated in two seconds. [Ans: 11×10 11] [3]
i) The maximum K.E. and 9. a) What happens to the kinetic energy of photoelectrons when the intensity of
ii) Maximum speed of the emitted photo-electrons. e =1.6×1-19 C. [Ans: 2×10-19 incident light is doubled? Justify your answer.
J, 6.62×105 m/s] b) A laser used to weld detached retinas limits light with a wavelength of 652 nm
4. a) How does the value of work function influenced in the kinetic energy of the is pulses that are 2ms in duration. The average power during each pulse is
electron liberated by photoelectric emission? [2] 0.600W.
b) The maximum kinetic energy of the electrons emitted from a metallic surface is (a) How much energy is in each pulse in joules?
1.610-19 J when the frequency of the radiation is 7.51014 Hz. Calculate the (b) What is the energy of a photon in joules?
minimum frequency of the radiation for which electrons will be emitted. (c) How many photons are in each pulse? [Ans: 0.00012 J, 3.04×10-19 J,
Assume that h = 6.6 10-34Js. [Ans: 5.08×1014 HZ] [3] 3.94×1015]
5. a) If we go on increasing the wavelength of light incident on a metal surface, what 10. a) What is meant by stopping potential?
charges take place in the number of electrons and the energy of the electrons? b) Two different radiations of wavelengths 3500 A0 and 2000 A0 falls on two
[2] different metal surface having work function 2.4eV and 2.22eV respectively.
b) The photo electric work function of potassium is 2 eV, what potential difference Calculate the ratio of the speeds of the emitted electrons. [Ans: 0.5]
would have to be applied between a potassium surface and the collecting 11. a) Differentiate between Photon and photoelectron.
electrode in order just to prevent the collection of electrons where the surface is b) A blue incandescent lamp emits light of wavelength 450nm. The lamp is rated
illuminated with radiation of wavelength 350 nm? What would be the kinetic at 150W and 8% of the energy appears as light. How many photons are
energy of the electrons? [Ans: 2.47×10-19 J, 1.5 V] [3] emitted by the lamp per secs? [Ans: 2.7 × 1019].
6. a) Explain why photoelectric effect cannot be observed with all wavelengths of 12. a) What is Planck’s constant? What is its value?
light. [2] b) How can you determine its value?
 2
Khwopa Secondary School Practice Questions – Physics XII
c) Why, evacuated metal chamber is used in Millikan’s experiment? Is it circular path of radius 20 cm. What is the value of the magnetic field B? [Ans:
possible to carry experiment using metal chamber in normal pressure without 1.473 × 10-5 T] [3]
evacuation? e) Why, in most of the case, alkali earth metals are used for photoelectric
Long Questions effect.[2]
1. a) What is photoelectric effect? 5. a) Given the following data for incident wavelength and the stopping potential
b) State Einstein’s photoelectric equation. obtained from an experiment on photoelectric effect,
c) Define various terms involved in it. Incident wavelength (in Å) 2536 3650
d) What is the maximum kinetic energy with which electrons are emitted if the
Stopping potential (in V) 1.95 0.5
photocurrent will stop if 1 volt of negative potential is applied? [Ans: 1.6 ×
10-19J]. i. Estimate the value ofPlanck’s constant and the work function of the cathode
1
material. [Ans: 6.427 × 10-34 J s, 2.801 eV] [1+1]
2. a) What is stopping potential? Justify the relation, eV0 = mv 2 . ii. What is the threshold frequency and corresponding wavelength? [Ans:
2
b) Describe Millikan’s experiment for determining the value of Plank’s constant. 6.761 × 1014 Hz, 4438 Å] [1+1]
Hence, verify Einstein’s photoelectric iii. What is the most likely metal used for emitter? [Ans: calcium] [1]
equation. b) Describe Millikan’s experiment for determining the value of Plank’s
c) Using given diagram, Calculate constant.[3]
(i) Stopping potential and 6. a) In the photoelectric effect, when electromagnetic radiation strikes the surface
(ii) Work function. Ans: 6V and 2.1 eV of a metal, electrons leave the metal surface. However, when radiation of less
3. a) What is work function? than a certain frequency strikes the surface, it is observed that there is no
(b) How many electrons are emitted from a metal emission of electrons.
surface of work function 3eV if frequency of radiation is 2.5 × 1014 Hz? i. Explain why there is no emission of an electron if the frequency is lower
(c) Is photoelectric current dependent on frequency of indent radiation on metal than a certain value. [2]
surface? ii. State two evidence provided by the photoelectric effect which suggest that
(d) What are the laws of photoelectric effect? electromagnetic radiation has particle nature. [1]
(e) Monochromatic light incident on a metal surface emits electrons with kinetic iii. Mention any two applications of photo-electric effect in our daily life. [1]
energy from zero to 2.6 eV. What is the least energy of the incident photon if b) Light of suitable wavelength 2000A0 falls on a aluminum surface having
the tightly bound electron need 4.2 eV to liberate from there? [Ans: 6.8 eV] work function 4.2 eV. Show that potential difference required to stop the
4. a) What is meant by stopping potential? [1] emission of maximum energy emitted will be 2V. [2]
b) Observations from an experiment on c) If we go on increasing the wavelength of
photoelectric effect for the stopping potential light incident on a metal surface, what
(V0) by varying the incident frequency were charges take place in the number of
plotted. The slope of the linear curve was found electrons and energy of the electrons. [2]
to be approximately 4.1×10−15 Vs. Find the 7. a) What is meant by Photoelectric effect? [1]
value of the Planck’s constant h. [1] b) A graph between Millikan’s photoelectric
c) Is there any possibility for the linear curve to effect to verify Einstein’s photoelectric
passes through the origin? [1] effect is shown in figure. Stopping
d) Radiation of wavelength 4500 Å is incident on a metal having work function potentials (in volt) and corresponding
2.0 eV. Due to the presence of a magnetic field B, the most energetic frequencies (in PHz) are plotted along Y
photoelectrons emitted in a direction perpendicular to the field move along a and X axis respectively.
 3
Khwopa Secondary School Practice Questions – Physics XII
i. From graph, calculate Planck’s constant (h). [2] 4. a) If a permanent magnet is dropped down a vertical copper pipe, it eventually
ii. What does ‘x’ represent? [1] reaches a terminal velocity even if there is no air resistance, why should this
c) 400 nm wavelength of light falls on a photo sensitive material of work be?
function 2.3 eV. Show that maximum energy of electrons is 1.27×10 -19J. [2] a) A coil of 100 turns each of area 2 x 10-3 m2 has a resistance of 12Ω. It lies
d) Can photoelectric effect take place on wood when light of suitable wave in a horizontal plane in a vertical magnetic flux density 3 x 10 -3Wb/m2.
length falls on it? [2] What charge circulates through the coil if its ends are short circuited and the
8. a)What is photon? [1] coil is rotated through 1800 about its diametrical axis? (Ans: 10-4C)
b)Can one photon eject more than one electron at a time? Explain. [1] 5. a) A copper ring is held horizontally and a bar magnet is dropped through the
c)Do all photons have same rest mass? Explain. [2] ring. Will the acceleration of falling magnet be equal to the acceleration due
d)Does the mass of a body change when it emits or absorbs photons? Explain. to gravity? Explain..
[2] a) A long solenoid with 15 turns per cm has a small loop of area 2cm2 placed
e) The graph regarding the photoelectric effect is shown between the maximum inside normal to the axis of the solenoid. If the current carried by the
kinetic energy of electron and the frequency of incident radiation. On the basis solenoid changes steadily from 2A to 4A in 0.1 seconds, what is the induced
of data given in the graph, find the value of Planck’s constant and work voltage in the loop, while the current is changing? (Ans: 7.5 x 10-6 V)
function. [2] 6. a) A copper ring is suspended by a thread in a vertical plane. One end of the
magnet is brought horizontally towards the ring. How will the position of
Electromagnetic induction the ring be affected?
1. Short Questions: a) A coil of 100 turns is pulled in 0.04 seconds from the poles of a magnet
a) A lamp, in a circuit consisting of large number of turns and a battery, does where its area includes flux of 40 x 10-6 weber per turn to a place where it
not light up to full brilliancy instantly on switching on the circuit. Why? includes a flux of 10-5 weber per turn. Calculate the average e.m.f. induced
b) The magnetic flux passing perpendicular to the plane of a coil is given by ϕ in the coil. (Ans: 0.075V)
= 4t2 + 5t + 2, where ϕ is in weber and t is in seconds. Calculate the 7. a) Two closely wounded circular coils have the same number of turns, but one
magnitude of instantaneous e.m.f. induced in the coil when t = 3 has twice the radius of the other. What is the ratio of self-inductances in
seconds.(Ans: 29V) the two coils?
2. a) When a lamp is put off, spark is produced across a switch but spark is not a) A coil of 100 turns and area 0.1 m2 is in a magnetic field of induction 4 x
produced when light is switched on. Why? 10-3 Wb/m2. If the coil is reversed in time 50 ms, calculate the induced emf
a) A circular metal disc of area 3 x 10-3 m2 is rotated at 50 rev/sec about an in it. (Ans: 1.6 V)
axis through its centre and perpendicular to its plane. The disc is in uniform 8. a) Pairs of conductors carrying current into or out of
magnetic field of flux density of 5 x 10-3T in the direction of the axle. What power supply components of electromagnetic
is the value of induced e.m.f.?(Ans: 75 x 10-5 V) equipment are twisted together. Why?
3. a) A sheet of copper is placed between two poles of an electromagnet with the a) A flat search coil containing 50 turns each of area
magnetic field perpendicular to the sheet. When it is pulled out a 2.0 x 10-4 m2 is connected to a galvanometer, the
considerable force is required and the force increases with speed, why? total resistance of the circuit is 100 Ω. The coil is
a) When a wheel with metal spokes 1.2m long is rotated in a magnetic field of placed so that its plane is normal to a magnetic
flux density 5 x 10-5T normal to the plane of the wheel, an e.m.f. of 10-2V field of flux density 0.25T i)what is the change in the magnetic flux linking
is induced between the rim and axle. Find the rate of rotation of the wheel. the circuit when the coil is moved to a region of negligible magnetic field?
(Ans: 44.4 rps) ii) What charge passes through the galvanometer? (Ans: 2.5 x 10-3 Wb,
-5
2.5 x 10 C)
9. a) Can a transformer work with d.c.? Justify your answer.
 4
Khwopa Secondary School Practice Questions – Physics XII
a) A square copper loop, 10.0 cm on a side is located in a region of changing 16. a) A student asserted that if a permanent magnet is dropped down through a
magnetic field. The direction of magnetic field makes an angle of 37 0 with vertical copper pipe, it eventually reaches a terminal velocity even if there is
the plane of the loop. The time changing field has the following no air resistance. Why?
time dependence B(t) = 0.10T + (1.00 x 10-3 T/s) t. Find the induced emf in a) In a rod with L = 85cm moves in a magnetic field with magnitude B =
the copper loop for t> 0. (Ans: 6.02 x 10-6V) 0.850T.The emf induced in the moving rod is 0.620V. i) What is the speed of
10. a) The core of transformer is laminated why? the rod? ii)If the total circuit resistance is 0.75Ω, what is the induced current?
a) A coil of 100 turns and area of cross- section 5 x 10-3 m2 is rotated on a field iii) What force (magnitude and direction) does the field exert ont the rod as
of flux density 10-3 Wb/m2 so that the flux enters the coil normally. If the the result of this current? (Ans: 0.858m/s, 0.827A, 0.597N)
magnetic field drops to zero in 3 seconds, calculate the average induced 17. a) As soon as the current is switched on in a high tension wire, the bird sitting
emf. (Ans: 1.67 x 10-4V) on it flies away. Why?
11. a) How would you minimize different losses in transformer? a) A rectangular coil of 100 turns has a dimension of 15cm x 10cm. it is
a) A straight conductor of length 15 cm is moving with uniform speed of rotated at the rate of 300 rev/min in a uniform magnetic field of flux density
10m/s making an angle of 300 with uniform magnetic field of 10-4 Tesla. 0.6T. Calculate the maximum emf induced in it. (Ans: 28.28 V)
Calculate the emf induced across the length. (Ans: 7.5 x 10-5V) 18. a) The magnetic flux in a coil changes from 12×10-3 wb to 6×10-3wb in
12. a) Why does the core of transformer gets heated up? 0.01second . Calculate the induced emf
a) The earth’s magnetic field has a horizontal component of 2 x 10-5 T and the a) The armature of a small generator consists of a flat square coil with 120
angle of dip is 700. A wire of length 0.70m is held horizontally in north turns and sides with a length of 1.6cm. The coil rotates in a magnetic field
south direction and is moved from east to west with a speed of 12m/s. of flux density 0.075T. What is the average speed of the coil if the
Calculate the potential difference induced across the ends of the wire. maximum emf produced is 24mV? (Ans: 0.083 m/s or 1.67 x 10-2 m/s)
(Ans: 4.95 x 10-4V) 19. a) Two circular coils one made of copper and other made of aluminum having
13. a) What is eddy current? Write down its uses. same dimension are rotated in uniform magnetic field. In which coil the
a) A metal air- craft with a wing span of 40m flies with a ground speed of induced emf is high.
1000km/hr in a direction due east at constant altitude in a region of northern a) A coil of 1000 turns and radius 10cm is rotated in uniform magnetic field
hemisphere where the horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field is 1.6 with an angular speed of 600 rad/sec. What is the maximum emf in the coil
x 10-5T and the angle of dip is 71.60.Ffind the potential difference in volts if the field has flux density of 0.2 T? (Ans: 3769.9V)
that exists between the wing tips. (Ans: 0.53 v) 20. a) A permanent magnet is dropped through a copper loop
14. a) A long straight conductor passes through the centre of metal ring as shown in figure.
perpendicular to its plane. If the current in the conductor increased does (i) If you are looking at the loop from above the magnet,
current get indeed in the ring? will you say the induced current is circulating clockwise
a) A jet plane is travelling due west at a speed of 1800km/hr. What is the or counterclockwise? [1]
voltage difference developed between the ends of the wings 25m long if the (ii) As the magnet drops down the copper loop, will its
earth’s magnetic field at the location is 5.0 x 10-4T and the dip angle is 300 acceleration be equal to acceleration due to gravity if
(Ans: 3.12V) there is no air resistance? Explain. [2]
15. a) If no. of turns in a solenoid is doubled keeping other factors constant, how b) Explain how does Lenz’s law follow the law of
does the self-induction of solenoid change? conservation of energy? [2]
a) Find the emf induced in a straight conductor of length 25cm on the armature
of a dynamo and 12cm from the axis, when the conductor is moving in a 21. a) State Lenz’s law and explain how you would use a coil to demonstrate the
uniform radial magnetic field of 0.5 T. the armature is rotating at 1000 law. [3]
rev/min. (Ans: 1.57V)
 5
Khwopa Secondary School Practice Questions – Physics XII
b) A vehicle brake consists of an (d) A coil of area 80 𝑐𝑚2 and 50 turns is rotating with 200 rpm about an axis
aluminium disc attached to a car perpendicular to a magnetic field of 0.05 tesla.calculate the maximum value of
axle as in figure. Electromagnets e.m. f. developes.
cause an emf to be induced in the 4.(a) When does eddy current produced?
disc. Explain how the induction (b) Mention two types of losses of transformer?
of an emf causes the wheel to (c) What is induction break?
slow down. [2] ES IP
(d) show that for an ideal transformer, =
EP I𝑆

5. An ammeter registers a current in the wire

Long question:
loop when magnet is moving with respect to
1.(a) Does emf induced in a coil depend upon its resistance?
the loop.
(b) Does induced charge depends on the
resistance of the coil? a) Name the current thus developed in the loop
(c) State and explain Faraday’s laws of wire. [1]
electromagnetic induction. Deduce an b) How can you find the direction of current
expression for the emf induced in the developed in the loop wire?[1]
conductor moving in magnetic field. c) The magnetic flux through a coil is varying
(d) The solenoid as drawn in the figure below according to the relation, φ = (4t3 + 5t2 +8t-3 +5) Weber, calculate the induced
has 40 loops in a length of 30 cm. what is the current through the coil at t = 2 sec if the resistance of the coil is 3.1. [3]
direction of the magnetic field inside if we pass 1.5 A through the solenoid? d) Write the working principle of transformer. Suggest any two ideas to reduce the
losses in transformer. [1 + 2]
2.(a) A bar magnet falls through a closed ring of wire as shown in figure. Sate with
reason will the acceleration of magnet will be equal to acceleration due to
gravity?
(b) What are the various methods of producing
induced e.m.f.?
(c) Two closely wound circular coils have the same
number of turns, but one has twice the radius of
the other. What is the ratio of the self-inductances
of the two coils?
(d) An aeroplane with its wing √3 m long is moving
in a horizontal plane with velocity 72 km/hr.
calculate induced e.m.f. across its wing. If BV = 0.2 10−4 T.
3.(a) What is lenz law?
(b) When a car is started, the intensity of the light of its head light undergoes a
momentarily decrease. Why is it so?
(c) Describe the theory and working of an a.c. generator.