II
The scope and distribution of questions will be as follows:
A. The Law Pertaining to the State and Its Relationship with Its Citizens - 18
questions
a. Constitutional Law - 11 questions
i. Basic principles of political law (e.g., separation of powers, sovereignty,
judicial review, fundamental powers of the State, i.e., police power,
eminent domain, and taxation)
ii. Bill of Rights (due process, equal protection, freedom of expression,
rights during expropriation, searches and seizures)
iii. Composition and powers of the government organs
iv. Judicial review
v. Supervision of courts
vi. Powers of the Supreme Court
vii. Qualifications, disqualifications, and selection of the president, senators,
members of the House of Representatives, justices and judges, the
ombudsman, and constitutional commissioners
viii. Immunity of the president, privileges of senators and members of the
House of Representatives
ix. Structure of government (composition, functions, powers and privileges,
separation of powers, and system of checks and balances)
x. Process of legislation
xi. Natural resources (nationalization principle for natural resources and
economic activities)
xii. Amendment and revision of the Constitution (Article XVII)
b. International Law – 1 question
i. Sources of international law
ii. Relationship with domestic law
c. Labor Law - 3 questions
i. Basic principles
ii. Existence of employer-employee relationship; tests
iii. Termination of employment
iv. Requirements for valid labor-only contracting
v. Rights of employees and of labor organizations; membership in unions
vi. Management prerogative
vii. Illegal recruitment of overseas Filipino workers
viii. Remedies (labor standards violations)
d. Taxation Law - 3 questions
i. Basic principles of taxation in the Constitution
ii. Income tax
iii. Value-added tax
iv. Donor's tax
v. Remedies (jurisdiction of courts, prescription, remedies against
assessment notices)
B. Criminal Law - 15 questions
a. Basic principles (e.g., territoriality, actus reus, mens rea)
b. Justifying, exempting, mitigating, aggravating, and alternate circumstances
c. Application of the Indeterminate Sentence Law
d. Service of sentence
e. Effect of death of the accused
f. Crimes against persons
g. Crimes against property
h. Crimes against liberty
i. Crimes against public interest
j. Republic Act No. 9262 (Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children
Act of 2004)
k. Republic Act No. 7610 (Special Protection of Children Against Abuse,
Exploitation, and Discrimination Act)
l. Republic Act No. 11313 (Safe Spaces Act)
m. Republic Act No. 10173 (Data Privacy Act of 2012)
C. The Law Pertaining to Private Personal and Commercial Relations - 18
questions
a. Civil Law - 12 questions
i. Legal personality, capacity to act
ii. Marital relationships
iii. Property (concept of property, ownership, co-ownership, right of
accession, easement, nuisance)
iv. Obligations
v. Contracts (in general, loans and mortgages, interest)
vi. Torts, Quasi-delicts
vii. Damages
b. Commercial Law - 6 questions
i. Corporations (kinds of corporations, including corporations sole;
composition of membership in board of directors; powers, duties and
prerogatives of boards of directors and stockholders; and articles of
incorporation and by-laws)
ii. Intra-corporate dispute (concept)
iii. Intellectual property (copyright, including fair use principle and moral
rights)
iv. Insurance (what can be insured, claims for life insurance)
v. Republic Act No. 10173 (Data Privacy Act of 2012)
D. Procedure and Professional Ethics - 18 questions
a. Remedial Law - 12 questions
i. Civil Procedure
ii. Criminal Procedure
iii. Appeal (Rules 41, 45)
iv. Original Cases (Rule 46)
v. Small Claims
vi. Evidence
vii. Special civil actions (expropriation, certiorari, prohibition, mandamus,
quo warranto)
viii. Special proceedings (habeas corpus, habeas data, writ of amparo, Rules
of Procedure for Environmental Cases)
b. Ethics - 4 questions
i. Qualifications for new lawyers (includes those who reacquire citizenship)
ii. Code of Professional Responsibility (including duties incorporated in the
Lawyer's Oath)
iii. Disqualifications/inhibitions for judges
iv. Direct and indirect contempt
C. Practical Exercises 2 questions
i. Parts of conveyancing, affidavits
ii. Parts of pleadings, motions
Bar examines are advised to review Bar Bulletin No. 25, s.2021 to be guided
on the Bar Chairperson's instructions to examiners for the types of questions to be
asked and how answers will be checked. Examines must also familiarize
themselves with Bar Bulletin No. 30, s. 2021 to know what to expect during the
Bar Examinations proper.
To emphasize, only the basic concepts of the areas mentioned in this Bar
Bulletin will be covered by the examinations.
III
All examines are strongly advised to self-quarantine starting January 9,
2022, or at least two weeks before the Bar Examinations.
Each examine will undergo an antigen test at least 48 hours before the first
examination. Those who will test positive under the antigen test shall immediately
undergo a confirmatory RT-PCR test. Those who will test positive both under an
antigen test and an RT-PCR test will not be admitted to their testing sites
All other COVID-19 precautions under Bar Bulletin No. 30 shall apply.
