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Types of Data Emerging Patterns

The document outlines three types of emerging patterns in data: trends, seasonal patterns, and cyclical patterns. Trends can be linear, exponential, or damped and show continuous increases or decreases over time. Seasonal patterns repeat over fixed time periods under a year due to factors like weather. Cyclical patterns extend beyond a year and cause economic indicators to fluctuate above and below long-term trends during periods like recessions. Random patterns have no regularity and are difficult to predict.

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Jomabel Dava
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2K views3 pages

Types of Data Emerging Patterns

The document outlines three types of emerging patterns in data: trends, seasonal patterns, and cyclical patterns. Trends can be linear, exponential, or damped and show continuous increases or decreases over time. Seasonal patterns repeat over fixed time periods under a year due to factors like weather. Cyclical patterns extend beyond a year and cause economic indicators to fluctuate above and below long-term trends during periods like recessions. Random patterns have no regularity and are difficult to predict.

Uploaded by

Jomabel Dava
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Types of Data Emerging Patterns

A. Trend

1. Linear Trend is a continuous decrease or increase in numbers over time.

a. Upward Trend is the increase in the quantity or price.

b. Downward Trend is the decrease in the quantity or price.

2. Exponential Trend are non-linear curved lines where the data rises or falls not at a
steady rate, but at a higher rate. Thus, instead of a straight line pointing diagonally up, the
graph will show a curved line where the last point in later years is higher than the first year, if the
trend is up.
3. Damped Trend is a curved line that shows data values rise or fall initially, and then suddenly
stops rising or falling.

A. Seasonal – it is when fluctuations repeat over fixed periods of time and are hence
predictable and do not extend beyond a year. Seasonality may be caused by various factors,
such as weather, vacation, and holidays and usually consists of periodic, repetitive, and
generally regular and predictable patterns.

B. Cyclical – is when fluctuations do not repeat over fixed periods of time and are hence
unpredictable and extend beyond a year. In a recession, for example, employment, production

and many other business and economic series are below the long-term trend lines. Conversely,
in periods of rise they are above their long-term trend lines.
C. Random or Irregular or Error - are fluctuations in time series that are short induration, erratic
in nature and follow no regularity in the occurrence pattern. In prediction, the objective is to
“model” all the components to some trend patterns to the point that the only component that

remains unexplained is the random component.

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