pi 6 te et 2,1 See ala 3 See eel es etOle Lhazen | r, gated! ceatnadlg Slaadl padd® 3:16 | i poryeypeceripreyrel) sil shesedS 1G ciated) dene ded ett dei ban al lth Gul iSen Mt Ga alll eet eo alge pigs Soe ee Tbs glad) Sad, Atl bbs oe © aN gape) Ueriaall AL! alge ght Oe pbs Gley «Lill Gye ines Sy gk 3s Flea! GlSe oes BLS! MNF by Las Tqcial GL SN El gi Goody US. ¢ Ula iy yer Wicliog beat! DS ping - THERM CYL hy Ue! Ge Maia! ual ey Glia 6G Gob Est g) SULA Jl oI WL Se E55 Gerb OF seslg Cal gd le Lall iy ge: acd ELSI Lol sd oO! (ell yg © ase gis pJSAl Ciel) Gotil baled! El gil ol gall ob neg UI tid GL 3! a, Uiiy olgdl sia LI Gls! Gl eee Toa Aygo by bl Gly LS - teats ies et BL pal Legs GOW Gd! Rol Gay’- pol ydll sha Ge Bid eo 6 dee git Vall deg ue tad a Jalal 351 Gey GIGI ake eee dy - ell Gye G! Buys ctl She Gh Gs US Ge Oo te kh gts Ashes y Typ LL §) Gtie! pl Lijleay Gs jae s ee ae ee eee NEG pat) Abgh Gils Antiny Fre Gomry x arpes| nga! Gals cle dita } san Slagle Glia «WW Eealal Fy ger GESI 1am olact ed db TLS Legs al AY Stijl 1, Sia God OS « Lee gl Sa! Haale § clelanhy «tid ia gue! J Lats) Lisl! Lease Susi ais Basel ot Gavan GI!ee 5 see oo ¥ eta , wet em Sle gle Cis 3 Eo oto yee) " eS ny a6 eg Sema Ss sal Ge tygiy - 2S ee Se BE SOME ale glean J Aes fone acl gy cua. gy i ries Cf Concrete, By AM Neville - Si ia dated 9 se Cy te Soy ig Ha AEA ids Stay Gay Seat an A ne et lady poland! Gaay oe Se LO ita angel Site ce SH J oll ee Ste lo ’ 2 ae el Lay 5S) pst Tel, eS ee Shy Ge ES de yg lel oe SS a tase Se dl iG gata” * “Seen Pins UM be ik tke be Ts Ea pe 1, abt ss sci ee ee — SS bagel See ee ESOS ai es dadaey et! Se Sess Sts Cabs Si etaaly ssh 2. sie kee me fre se SSS ail ge GES! ie eS ee ss Fonds BA) de : Ps : ! 3 Specliod (Gi SATs 0 Supp sist! § Bogert One" r = Bal 5595 he - 2 i doy oe sls ae106 106 107 108 113 115 117 118 120 Portland Cement 350559!) fore isis GW gi CHa Tele Sigel) Sala og glee! aS al chad dal tl is’ cell sig AHL p geal 9b Segll 41 Ad p gull GIS. 2-4-1 Types of Cement ciiswd! Elgil : itt! solied Sahel pall &)) jal (Sdsidll SG Sl glial! UW oli Gus vast! Old Shee hells acca! cae Lt a Le ga Lata)! Sabet) JS Cae) Jo! ESsKuall Le glial Medal Coe Tee Gael gid) dl cua dala al dol ge Ge cea SUS 50 8 Sis gle gag ost ep See ASL jill Gel gl) le gad Tyaiall SAG, J Coal gl gil SAK) gl S25) gal BG) oll 5G) gall SUG, gall SIG yg! 85955 gall hel Cadel Chew! Shawl Shel Shel Cabell 1-1-2 2-1-2 34-2 4-1-2 5-1-2 6-1-2 7-1-2 ett 1 2 3-1 44 5-1 o-1 Tl 8-1 9-1 10-1 Vel 12-1 13-1 14-1 1-2a Wee ee yee eee Sari We Lek ys each wh Conerte Aggregates GU a ey: ein y > Seis! > PSH pei wheat pn | 2 fee aa eae eee ae fogs ae ene Gears Iss pg ee Se Se ie DS ess else! iad BY 139 PSH Sle se Lis te? CSS Gel = ie? et eS Shwe Je 1-4-3 16? PS! lee! peel el 199 be! See y eS Sle Oe Gout 179 PSE (Seti GES) Ge Sis! aA us) ues 135 PSY Ge batatly Galea! 179 eS go Ue we 193 phe tagle I88 PSot GE SEIS Gel gi! ae, 193 cae ae196 204 207 210 212 219 223 228 237 238 242 242 247 258 258 261 +261 261 262 263 263 264 265 268 269 271 271 272 esl 3 GLa! ol gall lS ols pS gg sli! Jeli! plat Asloadl vel gall pS lea Salas Willie y gail! Sbiede lal quail! Gast y ell AIS Zs abaill glaitall gail p1S sD Gea! Galil Fresh Concrete 4 lal! Gls Sd! - gall ail! wand Gyby Gla Sil pl sé twond Goby GL Jats OL Bis jall GAA ALG Gle Hyg) el gall 2 delat! cle gine 1-3-4 Sl g Catan Snead dapaill deel! 2-3-4 Chew) de gai 3-3-4 pS gost 4-3-4 eS) Ghye Sa 5-3-4 pS gadeull (nual! 6-3-4 bel Jlexia) 7-3-4 ogetall 1 gg] Slébal Glial 8-3-4 Bl 509 Gas tt 9-3-4 Jj call Gj) be Qgodl Gb) 1-6-4 geSsilSuall Lala) 2-6-4 6-3 7-3 8-3 9-3 10-3 11-3 12-3 13-3 14-3 15-3 1-4 24 3-4 4-4 5-4 6-4 ill *, i% t ae t, BEERAY uy us us e GS er Cy a} 3 S88 Mle ons 3.6.4 Gu at 7 Guat e) me c Jel gab Ge ete oy BN Fjal Gua 104 wth Ug Geen iy Roll Ga ys 12-4 Strength of Concrete Gils 511 Us gle. Gaeldt! (jail Bla yall Leylis lane 1-5 DLs ieglis El gl 2-5 | doluanll Lnglia 1-2-5 ot) ie gli 2-2-5 ih UY Le glia 3-2-5 aall Anglia 4-2-5 aged! Lnglie 5-2-5 TL iN) Layla Ge EA5A! Sal 5 Sat! J ald Gas 145 gla 7 dell Ge es Sg Stall sl 3-35 shel eS! 43-5 aia) gj canal gine SE SES aol! J cya deg 65 ae 5 1-35 dagtisl Ge 2 a ie eh yall days oe ' oe ce ig dik UngGal Glos & Lleol tall335" 340 340 342 343 348 350 352 353 354 356 364 366 368 370 373 379 384 385 388 398 399 400 401 W Gla sl Utter Gre gala! any Ul el oH Geral La gia ae jily leSitly Ty sat = Geotail Elasticity, Shrinkage and Creep , Hig yall Jalna Tg yal Lalas unbd 1-1-6 yl alas gle FS 5all Jel gall 2-1-6 Sealnall Gs) alae 3-1-6 omy tes FjSel) Hemel! Ol all clin! _ Caldall ( lest alsa! as 1-5-6 CAUSA Ge Ebgell Lal gall 2-5-6 Galiall ALSHI 4,5! (a LSi SIAL dite y (sLSa! GL jell g desi Ganji Gle Ef 5al al gll 1-9-6 ag aigié 2-9-6 Durability of Concrete Gils dM) Gti. gslultl Gis Gali Tila sl ASlis te FS hall al gall Bs Law Good GL jsl) Gabaial 4 Shghesl ctl Gl aN de glia © Se pS 8G 1-5-7 6-5 75 nail! 3-6 4-6 5-6 tas SS it409 4i2 413 415 416 4i7 420 422 425 426 432 432 433 434 437 441 443 ok ys ig Bue aye, 3 sad eu oe re 44! got} a oe wane a aL. eh Ble te au a soll) sell gs BL i a Abed GL ia Ns a Gla a adel 4c 8. 2a le swe Gyadi zal a eh sual a sist ; all do slia GLH 10.7 Soatall alg Ge Ryle BLS 117 mae Spat) Algall SMlaGal 111-7 Gb aged) al gel ges alge 211-7 _Aagll Sine 3417 Sgt algal Gl tic an 7 Al gall Gsime nls STI-7 GL SU Yj! pall Gal gd (2-7 448 Concrete Mix Design Gils 51) Geist! ppeai = Galt! Jail! 448 448 450 452 452 457 458 462 463 463 * ais veil oil Kubal Gijliew 1-8 ails 1-1-8 lial gl 21-8 Lots) cans guan) dE Agal dell 28 dey {kal} 1-2-8 duc gil ioe! 228 uta 3-28 Jats UG Geek 5-2-8 et Rao : 2 ud ;166 “ 467 491 492 496 499 su S18 518 sis 521 526 528 $32 Aske yo) Mall! pean’ Ayes 3-8 Uda pameadd Hyilbey yl! Uy pall 1-3-8 7 x nog) CMe pgneas1-1-3-8 ta! ingle UE Joon! ww i stat pall oa) La glis vw lel aged 2-1-3-8 mai i Ske) yee 3-1-3-8 pei! «lye! GE Tg) Sel! pees ds) 4-1-3-8 Bal peed LS, 01) diy jbl 2-3-8 UMW) ieglial GS lola pxesad 4-8 antl! Juoil! USN UN, Mass) GLb El gil Lightweight and High Density Concrete Og! Mas GL atl O53) Guid pls SIS Gs 1-1-9 Hl geal) GLujst 2-1-9 cell lS Moe AIL GLa 3-1-9 Gt WwW! GusSS dV jad!Portland Cement : - gas $ oo) caguy : - : a —i. (conesive) TSHLS pal ge As a iL) Het el oe a aa Raa: an Don Bais 9 Gl AgeSy Coll Ga pe wer ee Mae ews Tiled! al gall Ge 88S el gil Gall tan a Fecad! Han algdl Ge cated! alles G3 pono nae i H Clas (ine poly Uslen Taha ag lag slat cl gll gh Ggellall 9) Jez! g) Fyleall 4) , a (setting) seed!) Sole ab Glu jal) Je gb are Hal « eld > AglaS! odes Scheer ee 2519 Le glesSll Geli Jai) (hardening) clecil : (hydraulic cement) Stas clall, gl tld) co au pi Hoe us 9 culall, cael, Gy bs)! Si oll GTM pee lode Lana ol yall Tae o! BiyS paid IIS Sem Waylaojly Lyall Gl jlaell «9th a comtallg «lll gal 2Y Gyilalls lead! < — po) DE Hal Faced Auuladl clad! alge cals UI gall dl S AS ising Mod FoUS Cablly =! aif pail aby - die clad 3 Li) dng Well 3 (o3)) i985 b WE SPs LU! cee DE els Sty Hed oles cael) Slt! Gia pay a geal OLbl 3 coset! p oat BLISS OAS Gp) algae Cab BE aid te! Heb Gag - GUESTS ants alll ge Abe ol Gla) Lay Ge bol a ols US Agel) oll La pal Ley! ole 3 cabaia H tine Ras) Ge Glball GU geal! g Hed BUS yall Jae! y ce ogll i Sy all che bo! Z ola JR td oe Sos OY & 2s yl fsjleal ee! Fashall gaily apbaall ler! oes | { a4 \ i \ \ ! H| 16 > if36 V paall ) geese exes Gres reall g 1 a 3000 vr if oll jal Joe os a ete refine pe Siestl Gale HS Hl Mele Bal, | re 3 la eg gala) o5e Slade pial iy ily 29 DAP ust) ale oS USE Slat a, Sageniee mol ye Oat aly yeh Saee arlas So gests SE oT) Leepl B SL ed Ue ol Fin gh Sat OE 2 ually Egil a Heal Sata tine ile OD geld Gros! es RIES (Soy 4 deal alga) CML Bava Slew je By a < a so rial Fy 93 ne ay oc Ca ce ahjpell yaad Gall Sail Ge Jans Gash Fe Lys Ngee gt Gobldl Gl "Ea l SUN Stes Sel at ee yell, Guha aby Wgyley tied ELS io! a i el Gey slid) JB BIA! dae spandg Saal! US) 9 Nee Gale pladiel Gi ptt bb toe g SA ol ae é iy gil Cabaninal St (Gist caiaal) al oseul © gS itll Gaal y et GI slly el tellin M35 ae Laliedl 5) poll Gla yay Gleiry yolie! eee sul Bb yf gill LS, Shel gl Gh Y bib t Sill pall bt sil 9 Shel gl peck es ees * UR Excavations, Vol. V, 1939, The Ziggurat and its surroundings, By Sit Leonard Woolley. Published by the British Museum Publications Limited. ** UR Excavations, Vol. VII, The old Babylonian period, By Sir Leonard Woolley and Sir Max Mallowan, (1976) Published by The British Museum Publications Limited. {s 17g) ke JS Sally Shoe ou . lol ; 2 : re be | rill any ite ge Ga ga Fil nef Ua AGL a ya Js ell SL GUN y Gall TL on Ges Flan ep Fe Rik Ui May act ri iad US uae! os A cata aes lady Ol yantl Jee Hel Gey -dyaill bye) Gan bo tdey aus arid Geet GI abt ge Hegel iy sl) aca Gat ia aie yy P 2 ata 3 Syl Ge ost § olay Quy *Ud ell ba yaaa ayaa ee: madly latin Glysell sta § gall! roe 3 teh) pa ay Bilal ae Gabll bla Ge Gy lle! tan Gee Sum Mall) Fos Gylal! SGbobdl de al sg ye all, gt) Gala te Ula Gr small TAY Ay ly Alpin 9 Apa gall ab gal Slarinly sel sill Ga poll Ui Ge Gl yal ty (ally moll GSU Meaty al ga (Gately sell Gye Ge les) Gaal shail y seed! Ge Gulia Sle jay 9S Eu ol gall ase yl ae phadial GM Seo sill Ga NgiSeiy LS USL ot gd) Gus violas! spon Oe Oleg tl Ulead! Cue ell lle gb Ged GUS i, yu) ou limestone) og jin!) jeotl glared Gleg Sy Gy Zt! ly Ls a She all al gall Gan, GiLa! Nyabs laanyy Uy!) Gols aul sy juSall Lordy Gye!!! (Crushed stone) i gall Lie gh! y AILAi! LSLILG (finely ground burnt clay tles) lai gdl Ste CU poll ge oe boul bog) Gils a G2) AL Pozzuoli) hy 55 Falk Ga Lilie! ws 4 (pozzolanic cement) Wy BIS, ob, a) Ge Need fe Sum WU, (Vesovins) by nt Co cl a tant tS Sasa areca ayy acer sees SAS ag ag) SS ded LN ale it daha Net ' e |Sd ial wets GUS ole Fol oe Say ope ee be mae cr sdse sgh pall no gaa chee al NS Tad yi ky ry g aS. emg oid heey! peal! Td Ut egg ee a Bueraueueenys Belin > Sha ap WS + RSET oi ysl we toe J ety Cy feiss a © Gxtie 59h igssl! Saeed! ol ge i sill a Re ee” Se Cecnoreae ‘ Sed Jee go SEE Se oe pasate +a 5 sell (abs Smeatoa) C saee ge SSM woe pHIT7E LG, ga SRL LES (Eedystone lighthouse) 5 yi sal Tjek, Sieg ee ci Ge sae SE Syl Hoe! ow tS Je Sghgb Se Se ge eS! Se Bye Sell SM ee gig 5 5 gill Rabe a ge Ge ANS LB ale’ get eal! as (porzotana) a ee a Sy i al 5 ell pea gs! Bye ek, G Se Oe Esl laa posh! aii 1 Sl sya +H Saal PS Behe GE Ge Si gy cel! Steed ght 51796 ple Gy $Y GES! Sue 11S! 5 Woseph parker) ae? Set set ee Ue Gs le ge gal (Roman cement) Seo ee Gil) Sy 15S Lae Gh ee Sally il yest eB SE aly gS (OY Sg ilag aia! $2 -SAS fest Com coi! ot = 3 se ys She Saw ong» gail oil! (ica) Sigg Ta, 1813 vOtels Soe! jee oe ku Oe Chall tal 1822 ; s > . 7&k Ge (natural semen) roll See etl Ss Lit i pall dy Sant gest Se BS) Lau (coment rocks) Sie ples! uae ow ii eo gills (clayey limestone) coll! 2 Ia Ht GS ca yt Van cl Jipay + SSM Glalll Gary 19aug) J + (Portland cement) PEE gill cacy a 39 1824 le (Joseph ; goss tle gf Goseph Aspdin) 6 syst , (Hard umestone) cabal) fell jaatly (clay) ans sen Ss yej Sil omeS gt Gib SE als cy ot dale CO, oR Sigel), MF GO Ul od § let G ss! cud Lj) Oo oe Gil {jal ole ys bg 825 ple d GAM, od! Cua) poy eee Al re SS 2g! Caian'll EGY aires Jy! LEI si -(ctinker) Sysell iia Ga (prototype) 415) Tips ge 6 IES ple Os ce bee Goes pli gall (IssacJonnson) yas ye ae anc OgSe A Esloall Le ya GM (chalk) og ybUlall og peel gmat y alll Tj Ugly GCI Cle J yan! od Wiyy Sis! __asie Aged) YS yal) Ge gSd Se Foye y Col GUS MI gait gll Sie ded pes SG ge glee le Glewall alll Glee! Camp ge sandal 5air6, gl Tuad Cul ISL ai yy Fyje bio ge gall (portland stone) Ge SU Shea le Gli Aye UH ont Fahl GaidG, gl! Cie (calcareous and argillaceous materials) Ziel! y ul! 5) gall Jal Gab Gay SSIS O9S West Gy Gall Eyal! deys Ag 2S pr geal SWS ge Grell Ge Gl) opal Sou gb Gay (cinker) {SSL GW Hote eis JSt ok SSe a»ae Zila! oe pt Gam Gl Galas cigs, eae foi ena onely My nail 9(CaS0, 2H 0) gsi gil cea gale ogi ol Oral ae ag oe a Ty yall Ln Garry gill Siedl deli) Osinnt) Cuil jb ais Tiybil gai (Gry process) Mile) Hpbi (wel process) ih 31 GN) TL gL -Ull ose g: Lyi! ol gall Zig Gab Ub! or BI) lost Gl Mla Gly ANY! sl gall Z jay Gale cui Maya Gaaasreme Alara! Agila gall dee Ge aciny Gybll ain (Wet Process) duo) diy Jai! pie 6 dena) SI Sis jeeall Ge Edgil ol gall (SRS GU) ow Ee Soelbll spell jaol! Sli DL gi. «Ll aie te eeacee SIGS Goals: Eyptio ahd GI spe ph Gy! GulS Gols (chalk mill) Qué gale Joa ell § She So Oay Gayl 13g deo ally (Clay) Gael Lol -dbell Sl gel UES und Gui oy Sue (wash Ggale Usa cll eo cay bel otgad Ug) Sib Gols Gata THe Als algal Gyabe Gey ld aug Ghyll Uyolhl igs uaa) (screens) GIS) ye Mabe JS Yaul yee Banca quit tlalll Gly Late Sty GS Sally tle CU Ojdey audi Asturry tanks) Js Sul! SUR, Gas Lola aus g (slurry) Obed Sues G25 (limestone) 45 jell jaodi Goria lesit y Silas 4 B . i eee eeeebie is at Analg: Gosy PS Saal jell ped Gaal pio! ai G+ tball mil) #5) Gyo aly SB eons Lgl Gly WS sel ‘ 23 i jaaag, be SS C9 Gy ile! gu Uyey ot ot) a Es ftw Cl joy dary \ Bs ong © bal My shll Gnkiy sia Guid gf aes gall Angsla G& alll yemy Maw iy gay Caine doling las pa baba Se al TT SSA oa As Mam dhe Say 9 Maina! af gi! Cabell Te ised ee 7 - ae wre Ui lll ste es Gym, Lye Ce isle bd oI cS) gg gill Gill Ga 2 le og gin y 150-35 om cole Bs ist Se Tilley yall Sie gall 170 iy eal) Jas! BLN Tales Jamin y ya all logl Dole SUIS bs! dain, all Jobe asl SUI jAN hha Ga de gaa! aloe Zane 3! USS eyuilee Sty Alii! y 4 LI Abell ol gall Glo cw glad Sy gobasll ued Gob oe sls LEN Os Us oe SSE yy Galea) aS fll aLbaed Lads) Li 9S Gms yl maT Tip jly HiLE) UI ZAI Googe gall delet ge dese Oe olla ay (rotary Kiln) jJyall Goll Gel Ge boll soe Som 4 7150 gall g= elgg ¢ 5 gllge sed Fes dpiane El glee! ce “he ass Gall Way ged Sg slaw sats Gab Gai Jalal) ce ‘Tilo ill tial Llgal eral! 5! Bait) Guay Laie GA! GE ll stl) Kyo Abel « ¢°1500-1400 ow Bylyett Sle ys og! ue Keys Fy yor Fy)sol) tee 3 elt! (are Sins gat Caley Ey yo aS 9) pil je Ste ging ball Oe sll! ob oad 3B & Ge Ube LaLa) Gold) Giles Ws I LIL CO, ots! Sle ys IS Gli) Gill Gola ge ol DP Lgkes! seu Ol gah bee le GS! Tiled! Gold! Ge %30-20 JS y0s sud 551 p=! pasa US ya (gS UnegBlly ills lime) unl) 23 Gor 253 oy Wagkd cle GS UI SSL Boldt tmany Tas See So ye Gand hale lope gg SUS! soe Actinker) sist a“ jo 700 pl Sap nS sIg2 Ot Gd Boles Cerioner Sarleee 24 a ns1S) yedog Sony + bee gy Cait gist ot ot! * og ge Unb (gypsum) oo e pil! sees! ia sla) dite) «U8 Cabew MI (flash setting) Sure g on! fie als 9S qily (ball mil) 8) By ais ga OF pipet sees ey Zlatl oe si phe Lig go tell seat dyad Sl gtlye J ex (Seperator) aay tet 3G REMC reitar ec gh aS 50 ernie loll Le) Tale WL Tau! yy ya Us Eyal Gil oi a vopse Oe Wiel ocd (Dry Process) 4iteJ) Zi, tai! Tina cons pasta Lilly Uni alyel Got Buk sed pill Guiss Gow pe Ggmme oll at eae sree silo) Lisi) gijs Jéls g! Glell Gall 1am aay «(raw meal) aj) Liga sk gal coud led! qametll ed pe Seem (blending LE Uyeal bytes lym Haul pli) Gas blag Gin) dela ome Je atgg bgldal pl Guia Udy US om . uileds Gis Ge 612 isis «le ands igi G4) alas (rotating dish) alge waeesepe IS ige Wahi Ue SIS 9S diy sell 8igey 4i5y SGU! Daal gy pee Lids Raae Glad U6 Yolo G SIS) sa Madly gall ool Gg Ula! GIS UES fo Goll Ge GLU See Hele GLb! Mb aile GS Au Mitel Gi jell Ge G5 Li S85 Ge oY Lies BUG Le Pg Shen delie 3 de tl Gi, jelly JS alae & ell Seine Gy) ly - | t+ Gyles EN Gado O55 Ge bi 4&6!) 3 (cement slurry) elgill Gai)! OSS: MLN ba Gb ciel de tsad ¢ 59 Ae I a kt) gb Shed! iebed %12 ym (pellets) lal iy Stell bole § 50-35 Gall) pee Gli ib th C5 Hs oe eal 3s“Spt all 8 aa pal eeJg=allyy-al me ae Galilee sll) SD il Llj ile Ly! plasdl Ge Gobet UY Ljwl sgigl dus - 2 poe ot Use A Lj AE oe il G9 Tiled) Ti, salt aaa Se a oad sill Babs! o# Galball Gal Ble Mk backs eidg Oe % 10-6 ogame Gm Gilly Ulyil esis Le! bl Oe Golesi) AS) UL! Mb US - 3 Tile Lgl olga GS Laie Gite! Ty ykl) SAM! olga) BIS diyjb Uke Epeull aes ~ 4 diy pall po Ti jlhe U gens Anileie ol ys Ge gant! OSat J Viaileda alge GE Dygn led Jgocll Se gaily Ub! BSI Ulsly Bho Gl Slardly cAsdl goes Zila) Hb yg - 5 vig ll iy yb! Slee (SiG gall Code Wg gleesSll cass Al! 3-1 Sia) Felie G Uncadl gil ol yall ob 583 oly Ge al agg Cabell y lime) ject! Ge eet Foret OSS Barty Al yl dao Gb cand! Waa gy SEU SUS al a8 - pte ok ee Oe Th US Noes AS) oss iu so GS Sig! Gig poe (uncombined lime) oe oO} Gt oll “ble Gb TglesSll ckelill sam saiedy SUS yall © Gall gab old als! Getty Gales! G5Igl Ge Tle ill Joes! ge Tl Sgaet! bce US Seta SUS 4 us! GE gh * Susi! GE Gs Gain Epeiiall 594s! sap «i peisull Sty} © CaO=C ionly ciyay smnS 3! JS) joe Som Luead canal glad) was, Fe,0,-F + A10,=A]« Oly SUSI ay)6 -LSl pouch am sages O51 33) ae o! Giga 4 pall algdl GuS Gey eygle deve Uk OF SAT fo “Eo i |; ida as ddSGA gl ake Ga US pat 1 Ugam 3C20.S10, cs Pgs lS Pe ote amin cs toed BE cig 3€20.41,0 = CAA Poel oye Shine gl 4Cad. OO, CAF eomll eh) wae oh gt 4 ua gl TEL Ged silly 48 G40 gd! (Amorphous material), &, slg) Haw Leja GES iy loa yall Goll aan else Ol tun (Glass) SUS pall Gal ya Ye O49 Solus! Cus i oe LSU ott lel Gall (crystalline compound) i 9 glial Gott hee 18) Gees ol sa Slade Asked SLs yall Qa Silsth + Gael gully tell SG Lent GUS pl Lys) Gu use) CRY, een Sobel desl Geil ostuall au tssu Dial) Lal Ge savepyui . S2F Gl Lotus Greta ot Ga ve (Bogue) SYslas dy, Ola soteeSl G5) sll Ue GN clay Ratt SUS ll Gey Ql s! (phase equilibrium) 298) G5lst te 353A jsut os ig yb sakes Gigi gilgs Oly Ul ese Gb ogSA Lez! GI US Fy ghte C,S=4.07 (€20)-7 .60(Si05)~6.72(A1 505) 71-43(Fe203)~2.85 (505) CoS = 2.87 (Si05)-0.754 (cys) C3 = 2.65 (4150) - 1.69 (Fe,05) : 29CgAF = 3.04 (Fe,0,) iS pal HS clad Gyan Gye LydveGl sad Yo al iat ger bal» 39 39% gall Lit SUS yall SuS dine O! 3) (X-rayedififraction) edyspasll + cade Gal ge hb pSail) Lele blo peep Legt JIl BS OLS bogey 09S PH aISle ol Ses (Ga teary SAM Ryle Tpke Slam USS ey) Gaby pall OSs gl 13) GIy 91250 Sega es lay all ee P Sleaze GO bps Gis, LS oY EO AE CS oli le Solgeal Babe Wii. JISAI Hse SRE Gli CS ¢ gaallS 2Uh GtSabe LI oa et ee getty WW Hj) jal Sle ys TOSS Gal CCS pylisl GE By poll days G) Lobe ded) 91456 He yo dG BOS wl. possi GALS lSbe Gary « (7°1456 Ge dil Oe Jeter lee Soe Gill de pall Jane G51. 9°675 depo b BCS Dyes 9S cue {SUSI GYISS Ge Bis A CS oli yyleill Gia! wha gi Gly gh SS Golsel jolt Ty yan Sly JS aul Gay Ge gyed SI LE pe She § SIS GS eS gE [ql apulSdl img (Solid solution) ose J sles gb Uyth Laing acl ALB) Cen! Gal ge Gly Esl JSty god waa Gl Mibeal Masa Sly gh SS CAA pgeallsll Gio Sbeall GS Ch Wioren plas) acta gig J ygkia nb Ste hayes alee c+ ine gis! J vt 6° paenllSll yet syae Slee sl Ges Sly CAF Gl CF om cale (solid solution) asi Ge atss GUS al) ited Abdel) dnSI! Gl We «CAF Saat lea Cad Ga Ube gl gl Le Jyaal! OSes AT Gl en! edicts Gg Ublall Agi! ol gall Ge Helle om i ceby gS3al Let yM LS pall I ditat isp ate 1 dae pom gll Se antl Sse, dt Be Fin O, jatidlg THO, psitslly MO Tagg cael O59 Oe Aelt Ses HUW SUS yall she sss See LS pall OF (K,0.N2,0) cusses paeeb gil A ee ge pe UT Suga + Gahalis) SRI, ee eat § 1304 Ge U9 TIF pesgel Titel Mail Salt 53 3 aa! AUS) Glaiill dea GI gall eS > Zbl g ctw 3 ye (B.S.12:1971) Hiley pl! Stel gal Se TAUB) calisal gal Ll « gil gill gid) g ew 4 9 Uaina! SIG gall Cabal! g gatiell garb) s! iW 5 py aaSelijgefod jlaia, sin -! labs) Apes oantt hell en (Insoluble Residue) 2512 jo! ola! Gaal b lig) Ltd pall Seal cigs Oe ge tas; HC th 389090 Metis) yall Shall Oe Getty Lom APECE jamb Slo Se SOUS ye Gg pall ollie! 8 epee ee, US! 50 et 3 ae = plea ae" Sg (BS 121971) dienyl let gal Oo aah pll deta! Sibel pally 5 iy wy fe Lek Sik eB sg Sal ee eed gee Ree A eeeay certs Vo 6 lend! gy pe pmo ge a a pla CH aged GUS pail eS yi! GS ad babs Be : . is eG SSL Dp get ye SIGE Ae 3 lous ‘a ea See een tories csics oat pent era sha gil gel f ciel po Byle % 15 (GL! y jem! 5 geme lhe ae Sy) = 7 ieee sys ee gS game SS de le Ste ey fiiet ae CAL pe geliSll ely spam Sle gly CA eel Eee ce ey Ge gl! See Halced! 2y8m Coase PgeSiS! Gl IS Lt gp gull Sie CISL geo 92> yee pgeliS! plete es ye ee SS a Ot ey ad “41g slgdi_§ Ca0/Si0, Seed Ga Gf Get aisyt 295 2-1 Sam —_ ee WW gins auld! Th 67-60 Go 28-17 sw, ee ALO, Scie Feo 40-01 Myo. Geant Alkalis a. so ce ck3 Meo hes ME aly icy MM i crys aE ee wise On Agnes Bet NS alt yy Bogue eee x x 108 6 orn 20 6s cir 5 2 . o aa ei Gus pu Viz 2 Geel US 56 cued gle sae S31 5 gi, J a sic ra Jgam Saal GG hal! (a) a a ~ 66.0 63.0 660 i oe 20.0 22.0 20.0 payLS pall n B cb cs s 2 38 8 cs. 7 Is “4 cA rr 10 9 CAF (Hydration of Cement) ciiewd! dats! 4-1 Ge UL, AS Ge gah sLll pe Baidty gd) Coawtl blby leaie 4s) gh Marl Gols Soe 9S lee ger ally SybeSll oreliil Gly le Nang Fase GUS 52 Caine gly GaSb GSS clall age 92 Zil gi get Giigll 59 yu'9 (hydration process) ante! Alay ale ALi) Sid! due ys Shey Gs Us QJ! daly dhe Ahardened cement paste) atl gall cad ga Clee GUS 2 Jel Ge One gh lim tajed ESL) GLY) gm Ual Qbead Ghia Jeli joer g ally sly las ged Jet Ge Gill gail Ll 6 ed I sla el JS) eniy Aablal Ghe gles oli ulls gry « (hydrolysis) Jaub Q) eld les 9) Siie dal Guts al gu ell ge Gaull Jou! Geet (il Uo Asladl cod Os weg OSe: zd eal (BCaO.SIO, p yuallSl BS GISbe GS pall 3a0.Si0, + H50 ——> 02 (0H), + x Ca0.Y.Si0,.aq- qees aie GGL «Lal a pgudlSll S90 Glue Jeli Leo! Spo ReSL) ASI g poe UGS yp pdt sang paugs Ute gloall ISL lg US pgmallSll oueS yam Gly gh SSty cw Saal pel pled! ga Geld G 9S eaie ite GAS LEU! p gus 35(hydrolysis) eae sels kale aug) } lea, x se Ol oN Retell aia ya” Sd oy Cope Meine hi Bel te at a LS a doe + ASL gual SI) Sts.) ce) ye OSSey spell O98 bee etl US hs ec south stay - Nae Udi ty) iieres Seta 5 gly > Mila AUS al Eyhes eta g Oe Slesa 3h apie Eo get clall 39059 Fell ole : Gi yang Ste BT Geddy y ud yee OO sk cas 45 tue Yo) alll Wu fag oe pp oe Y! e dell iss. (atumina ferrite) sg te Us E Sell SU § & gua Oe eres oe AB We Sts LPL) Som pon fe au i tte A de alg Syetass fall he alsi ol «dye U5 (Le chatelier) kay ay ve Se SS TAU Lule ys Lyles gles G46 can oe Ua Ge Ei on dls ast dy Us ates Gy i Won 85 ab Jel asl Gh aaoati gs (Bogue) gies un Hegel J tage gal GUS yall gs 5) Go JEWS Si 4) onl Ge poenllSl GISale oe Am Gilead deat J (hydrate) cl yag!l gl webs sesm Sle Ll EEL p gull 9 Stiegl y Ssual oly TALI p geal LSI A515 GLinegll GI Leach CAF. p gulls sgn les) Sainall Gag y glist USK, (CaO.Fe,0,) Sui p pulls tals ASE Uses satel! Ugleall gb (Fe,0,) posal yin Apt Oly dans I Ata) LS al) ga (cs eae aie “OwS yall Gaim gla ily dalall Ube U8) cian ie) xa Hp gealiSlh IS sells ot Ul lag ated scalci ; SN) gl Soe O59 Ge % 75 lige OS ¢ ri 3 iespell Glyam gly GUS pall aaa SSA API Sate Ok Lde «dala Slee Jol ya a Ue yo gh Gb SSaadll Lame Oe plac’ ees eee | poi, Sis Tm lel Gdec de yu Jane RAW AS Gaed Ge jl yg ytg slosele pests eis soy Hing! 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AAG SII ules taal gy ullsg Lecial sail Ciieall due Boeenll Mul Sel) Tame Leslie eld Ge Tytle sb Iygeyy = 5 37Nis Os cnet ABS SEN Pall gis Cains ght A bye ALB Sued! Elgil ob . > 1-4-1 gue Us cline J Esse gd Ca a De es Stat Lg We By GL jai ogi eee ERE pagel 9d te jarani spot doe oe Ge Wile! Skea! we ol cee Pe eae pe ete oO ab 9S Pal ex Kote CA Sal) Jot gy) acta Pa iste Shy gh UsSe Float) Ge HyuS das elton Spe yang SENG A py See | say (ash setting) teal eee Blige Sab Aas iS) cH Gla: gS) Gaal! a9 | ctaagl) pile UgSe lene Jeli 3) Biatl go CA Sth sad ald) go Wel p55: Sry CyA SI Sle y= Uehall jal eseis CA Os Ue! Glee Os Gilly CS dla Lis ranges cial Ged ogee CA Saal Jeli a ~ Gpglelly Hla pgealtSlh Solan gHle gS ob All ogee en (cL pS) ai) ge IB ES io ye fettringite) 415i lb ee (high sulphate sulphoaluminate) ill p guslKSl cals gl gil 43) /3Ca0.A1,0, 3CaS0,,30-32H,0 4 (low sulphate sulphoaluminate) &lélall O ely di Lk galls rts 09S LAS, Jrold o! 3Ca0 .A1,0,. CaS0,12 HO A 2s gd jest (Al covelil ddl |i Jocly of pgullsl alae gl! GSU Sal Legtdl ell pig ee! Fatal Ube) 1S) oi 5H! BSUS ll Las ols! Eee ol Tila! aad) Ge Hel! ex viva) Cheat 3 FEOF oe re a toma 336 Steg) Ge Uh ow u ge gg Se OA SBS SS O98: gle doen gt as ae 09S JLiaa! ba Goal) 53> a lle eemtd) eile 4S) Jesie! Oa AS! Cals yl BL pgalLsil Sling! sie O98 J earl a Tes Ge Gglell Cabell gf ley Gldlall Ge Bloly Lei ke slat! eso hy lee gle Gb Whe Sena gil GU ye! SS OSS Sse os Ale Ge Moly Tes Ge gle Ball pgynliSll Slag gile Ga i! I Sue SO, Slide! aie Gtell! Gan aed all «Se Siby gy Silla Stiegl pile Gi ya SIS SAI Ol dey laSI SEU jw oleh lc) Ady Gli! Ge Bhly dui le glell Atal ¢ gaullsii CA ee Wels cue) Sli eG! GCA ge Quiet Jeli Ghee a NS. AmLal hp gulls (Add tS be jain Lay CA Stith! Vaclee Mole oySd osey Gatti) Guill Ole Guill Gai CA Slit! OW] Ys) Casal) SEA! Go 13! Le). cuaud! 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Gf cS jt GI ae aus amy SS) Shea Este Gade Gy pg 1 on bid yal (SST ag) LW ENyell Ae ye O4 le ay lee! wall «ASI jean! LUdSe 9S Ooi! Golo 3g UgheS! Grell OyS Oo! Joel! UgSa CAF ge Lay) Jeli GE CA we uel! Jel GI aa! Drage gO! 9 pgetiSl tbegl gible Ge 1g p geallSll gd gil Sulu dala! Ge Os gh tee AS gigSl Jae By ype Geel Gta Seal Jl! ol Big Giga SAI gs, USA! SU Dhaest cress Talal Tyla Taare Ge Wased OSe Enill tang dual be alg dep Jane fly Of ow Ele Eyes + etal Sl Fal pall Gl cll Glal Ge Gils Tae we TA Sy G3 Ql GH eld) Hilal Ge Gis B44 ggg ow SHE 905 tate Siendl S) Gany Rage Cabal Gg Tila! use dee cal 13h 6 Sie TL Ul ge Jetta) Le ally Que! glace! om Eesti CVA AS 9S vialal el8) Fags 2! Ge! 4929 Jy joes ood 3 Sug, CA Gsm Jabpe slop dag pe Ne r Seb Fol Gl goss Soe! Gs Bolo ars LAS B55 Gin lee FS! Sg OI el OA Soe SS O55 Gas Jus J! titel! 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GE Tees Mb Tigh Sy gan ill! wan Oly Ue 9 ye ciel Jay GL: ae yyy ayy ¢ Jeliill AE Ups CS oS pall ta Gal gall egy HaLall See Gynt Hl gage lee sagt gill de Lal) GU) pel Apa Aad 9S Gilly GEL p gual alse Se Gains SIE ili Nim gy CSHI Ad jayy dil gh 15 Gl Isles Tacall pg) Syed SyLall GI andl Apa Go) 30a0.2 Sid, (CS.C,8) oS pa Ge US! dala uae te yw Jove GEE ga 1 fsa d pax oe? Lalit! one Ree er CCT ace ay ol Sey ge gl) CL al Uae Glee er csH, = Be02 = nl Gas. 1 100 180 Tella) SUS pa tall dee Jane 21 Vim Janay Lala G9Ss Gane go 4S 8 GUS Gey (Lobermorite) Os Whee Eas GN GleEay CS, CS CHS yall Ob Ge pesky «al Got pgeISI ameSo yore) CS cll GHG GY dala dled sll AIG) CAblal G Gael Guay CS ell ry See 8 CS oS pl tabi 20,8 + 6H —____s 03S,H, + 3¢a (0H)9j + gm Uslaall ogse Ge ae US ELS Oly gily 100 + 24 ————>75 + 49 2 CS GS pll dai 2095 + 4H = —_____. C3528, - Ca(OH), i! Po gm Habu oyun Ge ae US) sual oj? 4 43 | og dee100 + 21 ———> 99 + 22 3 sole Shel be galls Ste, sss Ol : . 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Bess joi + Sell BE ae 2 ¢ (Setting and Hardening of Cement) caieu 2! wlailly seri 51 SiS Rawal phe ¢ Caen Type USS cl Sie BIR p SE Waaiey add) eye Gl) ded Ge Ge og ang beet oe Wate Uae ans oh gs amy Utd Was Se? Sant Sa GJgll Un yal ¢ Gatley Gie saesll She Jer oy ca 44ot isu Me pally a re lag rr Me cut Ciaaill Lime O! Ge ob leg (final setting) Spee om gual Guy AW de glial Gan, Las) tales GA get gS) (hardening) C143) bg 5g Foamcall Cony teh oly Hoge oj Hslasill Utell Go sensl Kel nis eally ually Sill dhe 6 lay Aas us ae a ? ais cae Leu Ge Sail Ge G9 « EUG hel Gay bbe yb cos oy Use i Ke glidl Gan, CuciSS y 4S Get O) Gola Cael Laos) Geil y ase!) daub pedi Gl 1d19 Wnlige b no igh Sad Ags EL AN Gel ge GE tyluall day foe 65552 + Saal) MeL Le ye Jame Sym Lyle) Slljotl GO Gas all Rapa! seni Ge Ut] Joa Taty Jel gt Tue Gh Slag fe GAG Cally Agi dell Oo solicy! GG gill Cony! 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Sel O45 le nS od Steal Eee J cll o 46 la :aie gga Ula oe sid) Ge All tell a Rell Lai Be ey ols tyne gh Gets “lll Bain gh aly, + aall P il 2 Ny Byloall dey) OW DS dle, jpg kamal Tnsll Legh slg f) ect cit 1S) eed cee a Tod Gig gb ceed gyey sect! UES! GUE NS) seedll Gay le ia ke _ se “~E L y_l ae Ggybll 05m 2505 (BS. 12: 1971) Sly Shia! gal 264-58 gh AP1B14 Ga Eyal! deja 05S O) b Addy seed) jl) 9690 Ge Ayaill Lgl! UY Gy Ga Leaks EnS Ge Uglell Sell Giead aeedll Ga5 jth, Ciel Ung OSly Glew SghaSll eS IL bb ae Gl Quel al gll ga Beall Org g AbIall ell LuSy ¢ Fy!jol) Ge yay «Gall Legal Gy idl ogaall Gy seed! Lhe Gle 35 Gill Lagal Taledl Fokj Gee Ud Shen digi Goby seadll dope alas tye gglaSl LUM Fau5 gl «lll ae Jeli Le yall defoull slay! seed Uke Ge g pS Ejljall days Ely) Oly LS - deli! Lae i} gol ae lt ; ou . Ma dy) ES Be OSu Uy la WW G9S islgial Fy) pat) GIG (ash setting) lel Syd Ee tally seni Ge g gl lam le Byenall CSu9 LS la yal Sle! 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