Electrical Report

Engineering Measurement and Systems

Monitoring/DV(R34

Lecturer: Gregor Thurlow-White

Written by Ian Christie-Student-05015698

Date: 4th February 2022
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................ 3
EQUIPMENT.................................................................................................................................................. 3
EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................................................................3
PROCEDURE.................................................................................................................................................. 6
BLOCK DIAGRAM........................................................................................................................................ 23
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM...................................................................................................................................... 24
STATEMENTS OF THE FUNCTION OF EACH BLOCK........................................................................................25
ELECTRICAL QUANTITIES............................................................................................................................. 26
RESISTORS (R)....................................................................................................................................................26
CAPACITOR (C)...................................................................................................................................................26
POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE (V)...................................................................................................................................26
ALTERNATING CURRENT AC..................................................................................................................................27
CHARGE (Q).......................................................................................................................................................28
CURRENT (I).......................................................................................................................................................28
IMPEDANCE (Z)...................................................................................................................................................28
FREQUENCY........................................................................................................................................................29
MATERIALS................................................................................................................................................. 30
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................................. 31
Introduction

In the early 19th century scientists began developing a wireless telegraph system, which is the transmission of
telegraph signals by radio waves. Information was transmitted by pulses of radio waves of two different lengths
called dots and dashes also known as morse code. Although this seems a dated way of communication the
electric telegraph transformed how wars were fought and won, and how small pieces of news could be
exchanged between journalists instead of the long journeys taken to deliver information. Technology has
advanced dramatically over the centuries, currently we rely on two components to achieve radio
communication, a transmitter, and a receiver.

This report will discuss how radio waves are transmitted and received and how a simple modification of a
receiver and amplifier system can allow a unit to share a common power supply. A block diagram will show the
function and relationship between the components of the system, as well as the materials used in its construction
and the quantities used in order to achieve the desired optimum performance.

Equipment
Equipment description

The equipment used in this experiment is the combination of a 16-CD,UHF-PLL switchable

tour guide wireless mic system, with a PLL synthesized control oscillation that has a carrier
frequency range of UHF 740-865MHz, along with the Axena medical Flexital-2 MK11 set up
with EJ-880T in ear monitor transmitter.

WT-480T Transmitter with an output power of 10mW radio frequency and an output speaker
of 5 Watt.

WT-480R PLL single channel Receiver with built in speaker, adjustable volume, along with
ear set with a 3.5mm jack socket earphone connector for mono.

EJ-880T in ear monitor transmitter.

The equipment that will be modified during the experiment is shown in figures 1 and 2
below.
(Figure 1 shows the Flexitel-2 MK11 with EJ-880T in ear monitor transmitter, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 2 shows the WT480R receiver, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
Procedure
Step 1

The first step will give an overview and layout of the Flexital-2 amplifier and show the steps
taken to remove the rechargeable battery from the housing and expose the amplifier, circuit
board and internal components. Shown between figures 2 and 11

(Figure 3 shows the Flexitel-2 10mW amplifier, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 4 shows the Flexitel-2 10mW amplifier housing, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 5, shows the Flexitel-2 Charge points and power switch, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 6 shows the Flexitel-2 rechargeable battery pack, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 7 shows the Flexitel-2 rechargeable battery pack removed, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 8 shows the Flexitel-2 rechargeable battery pack disconnected from power source, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 9, shows the Flexitel-2 80HM 10W amplifier, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 10, shows the Flexitel-2 LED power signal, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 11, shows the Flexitel-2 circuit board location, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
Step 2

Shows the modified Flexital-2 circuit board where the microphone cable has been cut and
soldered to the signal output connection port.

(Figure 12, shows the Flexitel-2 circuit board components and wiring, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
Step 3

A LO30V voltage dropper has been installed to drop the voltage from supply voltage from
the speaker 8.4V to the required 3V for the receiver.

(Figure 13, shows the Voltage dropper on Flexitel-2 circuit board. Image courtesy UHI 2022).
Step 4

Shows the amplifier that boosts the receiver AC sound signal.

(Figure 14, Is the TDA7056B BTL audio amplifier with DC control on Flexitel-2 circuit board ,Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 15, shows the WT480R receiver, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
Shows the 3.5mm jack connecting to the receiver, The other end of the cable is connected to
the signal processing port.

(Figure 16, shows the internal components of the WT408R receiver, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 17, shows the modification of the Flexitel-2 housing, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 18, shows the complete set up of Flexitel-2 circuit board connected to the receiver, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
(Figure 19, shows the complete set up installed into the Flexital-2 housing, Image courtesy UHI 2022).
Block Diagram
Circuit diagram

(Figure 21 shows a Circuit diagram, Courtesy of UHI 2022)

Statements of the function of each block

(Figure 22 shows the statement of the Function of each block, Courtesy of Ian Christie 2022
Electrical Quantities
Resistors (R)

The resistor in a circuit absorbs the heat output from the transmitter without radiating any
signal. It is an electrical component that is passive and limits the flow of current.

To calculate resistance, we use the formula:

V
R=
I
Where:

R = Resistance ()
V = Potential difference (Volts)
I = Current (Amps)

Capacitor (C)

The capacitor retains the current in both the DC AC circuit in series and parallel. A capacitor
along with a conductor forms an acceptor circuit to be in resonance with a desired frequency.
This can also be true for the transmitter to receiver.

To calculate Capacitance, we use the formula:

Q
C=
V
Where:

C = Capacitance (Farads)
Q = Charge (Coulombs)
V = Potential difference (Volts)

Potential difference (V)

Potential difference is the is the work done per unit charge and is measured in Volts. It is the
difference in the amount of energy that charge carriers have between two points in an
electrical circuit. Potential difference is also known as Voltage. A potential difference of 1
Volt means that 1 Joule of work is done per coulomb of charge.

To calculate Potential difference, we use the formula:

V =IxR

Where:

V = Potential difference (Volts)

I = Current (Amps)
R = Resistance ()

Alternating Current AC

Is a type of electrical current in which the direction of flow of electrons switches back and
forth at regular cycles and whose magnitude changes sinusoidal with time.

To calculate, we use the formula:

I=I o sin ⁡(ωt )

Where:

Io = current amplitude or peak value of alternating current

 = Angular frequency of AC (Hz)
t = time (seconds)
Charge (Q)

Electrons are negatively charged particles and they transfer energy through wires as electric.
The unit of Charge is the coulomb (C) and is equal to 6.24 x 10−¿18 ¿. Electric charge can be
positive or negative, has an electric field and when it is moved creates a magnetic field. This
is known as electromagnetism.

To calculate Charge, we use the formula:

Q=¿

Where:

Q = Charge (Coulombs)
I = Current (Amps)
t = time (Seconds)

Current (I)

Is the quantity of electrons (or electric charge) flowing past a point in a circuit over a given
time. A current of 1 Amper, means that 1 coulomb of electrons is passing a single point in a
circuit every second.

To calculate Current, we use the formula:

V
I=
R
Where:

I = Current (Amps)
V = Potential difference (Volts)
R = Resistance ()

Impedance (Z)

Impedance is the opposition to the AC presented by the combined effect of resistance and
reactance measured in a circuit. In order to achieve maximum power transfer from the
antenna to the receiver. The Impedance of the antenna must match the system Impendence.
To calculate Impedance (Z), first calculate the Inductance (XL) using formula:

It is noted that the impedance of the antenna must match the system impedance.

XL=2 fL

Where:

XL = Inductance ()
 = Pi
L = Inductance (mH)
F = Frequency (Hz)

Where:

Z = Impedance ()
R = Resistance ()
XL = Inductance ()

Therefore:

Z=√ R 2+ XL
2

Frequency

Frequency is the rate at which any electrical quantity oscillates in an AC circuit and is
measured in the number of changes per second, called hertz (Hz)
Materials

(Figure 23 shows the materials used in the system Courtesy of Ian Christie 2022
Conclusion

In conclusion, this report was able to analyze the modification of the Flexital-2 speaker and
WT480R receiver (via Photos) through connecting a microphone cable from the receiver to
the circuit board signal port. By doing this modification the speaker’s voltage was dropped
via a LO30V voltage dropper from 8.4V to the required 3V that was needed to keep the
receiver powered without its own batteries. The voltage dropper now has the remaining
voltage across it. The TDA7056B BTL audio amplifier took the weak signal from the
microphone cable and boosted this signal to generate a higher audio output to the speaker.
The outcome of this modification seems to be the allowance of the receiver to draw the power
from the speaker’s power source as well as transmit the receiver through the speaker via the
microphone cable.
The only drawback is gaining access to the receiver.