NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STD.
XI
ANSWERS
SECTION 1 : EXPERIMENTS
Experiment 1
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (c) 0.1 mL
(2) (b) burette
(3) (c) 16.7 mL
(4) (d) volumetric flask
(5) (d) 1.0 g
(6) (b) titrant
(7) (a) touching the nozzle to the conical flask
Short Answer Questions :
(1) Indicators are phenolphthalein and methyl orange.
10 0.08
(2) Volume 8.0 mL.
0.1
(3) To avoid contamination of impurity.
(4) 200 mL and 40 mL.
(5) Thermostat.
(6) Bulb of the pipette must be held until the solution is drained.
(7) Burette is first washed with distilled water and then filled with burette solution and the
solution is then drained.
NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI 1
Experiment 2
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (c) luminous flame
(2) (d) Bunsen
(3) (c) glass
(4) (b) luminous flame
(5) (c) platinum loop
(6) (b) Pb (NO3)2
(7) (b) first remove acid by cloth and then wash skin with a large amount of water
Short Answer Questions :
(1) If air bubble is left in the burette, the titrating reading will be wrong.
(2) By passing more air through air hole and oxidizing the fuel gases to a greater extent,
oxidizing flame is obtained.
(3) By swirling a solution in the conical flask during the addition of burette solution.
(4) To avoid corrosive and toxic action, skin contact with strong acid should be avoided.
(5) Since H2SO4 has higher density than water, acid is added to water.
(6) Acidic and basic solutions can be distinguished by litmus paper test.
(7) (1) inner zone (2) burner tube (3) collar (4) gas tube
Experiment 3
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (b) strong acid and weak base
(2) (c) weak acid and strong base
(3) (c) equivalent amount of two solutions are mixed
(4) (d) a dye
(5) (b) 0.0588 g
(6) (c) iodine
Short Answer Questions :
(1) MCuSO .5H O 63.5 32 4 16 5 18
4 2
249.5 g mol 1.
(2) KMnO4 solution.
(3) W 200 10 3 40 0.05 0.4 g NaOH.
(4) Indicator.
(5) Titration of oxalic acid and KMnO4 solution.
2 NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI
Experiment 4
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (c) Methyl orange
(2) (b) 0.04
(3) (c) weak acid and strong base
(4) (a) 0.0365 g
(5) (d) HCl
(6) (b) W 50 10 3 0.2 40
0.4 g
(7) (b) it undergoes hydrolysis
Short Answer Questions :
(1) (a) Na2CO3 2HCl 2NaCl H2CO3.
(b) Na2CO3 H2SO4 Na2SO4 H2O CO2.
(2) Indicator used is methyl orange because Na2CO3 is a salt of a weak acid and a strong base.
(3)
Because Na2CO3 undergoes hydrolysis forming a weak acid, H2CO3 and a strong base,
NaOH.
(4) Na2CO3 2HCl 2NaCl H2O CO2.
106 g 2 36.5 g
� 2 36.5 g HCl 106 g Na2CO3
1 106
1.0 g HCl
2 36.5
1.452 g Na2CO3
(5) Na2CO3 2HCl 2NaCl H2O CO2
1 mol
2 mol
Moles of Na2CO3 50 10 3 0.05
2.5 10 3 mol
Moles of HCl required 2 2.5 10 3
5 10 3 mol
(6) Observed titration reading will be different than required.
(7) Titration of oxalic acid against acidified KMnO4 solution.
NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI 3
Experiment 5
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (b) II
(2) (d) Ca2 , Ba2
(3) (c) to distinguish between Cl , Br and I
(4) (a) NH 4
(5) (b) brown
(6) (b) BaCl2
(7) (d) Al3
(8) (a) NH4Cl, NH4OH and Na2HPO4
(9) (b) Ni2
(10) (b) Cu2 , Ni2 , Co2
Short Answer Questions :
(1) Colourless basic radicals are, NH4 and K .
(2) Br gives brownish gas, Br2.
(3) Reagents for group II are, dil. HCl and H2S.
(4) For group III A reagents are, NH4Cl and NH4OH solutions.
(5) Radicals in III B group are Al3 , Fe2 , Fe3 .
(6) Iodide, I ion.
(7) Cu2 .
(8) NO 3 ion.
(9) Cu2 and Ni2 .
(10) Iodide (I ).
(11) Decrepitation is the noise produced when certain chemical compounds are heated.
(12) The cations detected by cobalt nitrate test are
Al3 , Mg2 , Zn2 , Ba2 and Ca2 .
Experiment 10
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (c) Milk
(2) (c) coagulation
(3) (d) peptisation
(4) (b) lyophilic sol
4 NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI
(5) (b) irreversible
(6) (a) H2S solution
(7) (d) sol
(8) (b) Lyophobic sol
Short Answer Questions :
(1) A sol which on coagulation can be peptised back is a lyophilic sol.
(2) In emulsion dispersed phase and dispersion medium are liquids.
(3) 2 – 500 nm.
(4) The sol which can be coagulated and peptised back is called reversible sol. For example
As2S3 sol.
(5)
Lyophilic sol Lyophobic sol
(a) More stable Less stable
(b) Higher viscosity Lower viscosity
Experiment 11
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (a) Al(OH)3
(2) (d) Fe(OH)3
(3) (b) dissolves
(4) (d) coagulation
(5) (a) precipitation
(6) (d) peptisation
(7) (c) colloidal
Short Answer Questions :
(1) Lyophilic sol is more stable.
(2) Zn(OH)2 sol is obtained by adding NaOH solution Zn(NO3)2 solution.
(3) Lyophobic sol once coagulated it cannot be peptised.
(4) Fe(OH)3 sol is coagulated.
(5) Lyophilic sol has lower surface tension and higher viscosity.
(6) (a) coagulation (b) peptisation.
NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI 5
Experiment 12
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (d) lyophobic
(2) (b) soaps and detergents
(3) (a) emulsion
(4) (c) gelatin
(5) (b) B
(6) (b) emulsion
Short Answer Questions :
(1) Detergent molecules have at the end polar groups which cover the colloidal particle.
(2) CuS and milk.
(3) Lyophobic sol have very less affinity for dispersion medium hence it is unstable.
(4) In a gel, dispersion medium is a solid while dispersed phase is a liquid.
(5) Blood is colloidal hence mixing of blood of opposite charges will coagulate blood.
Experiment 13
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (b) 6
(2) (c) ambidentate
(3) (b) SCN
(4) (d) zero since FeCl3 is not a complex
(5) (a) blood coloration
Short Answer Questions :
(1) In a reversible reaction when rates of opposite reactions become equal, the reaction is said
to attain chemical equilibrium.
(2) 25 mL.
(3) 6 dative bonds.
(4) Hexathiocyanatoferrate(III).
(5) FeCl3 Fe3 3Cl
Fe3 6H2O [Fe(H2O)6]3
[Fe(H2O)6]3 6SCN [Fe(SCN)6]3– 6H2O.
6 NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI
Experiment 14
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (d) the ratio of concentrations of products to the concentrations of reactants remains
constant
(2) (b) 6
(3) (c) pale pink
(4) (a) 40 mL
(5) (c) transition metals
(6) (a) I
Short Answer Questions :
(1) Co2 6H2O [Co(H2O)6]2+ .
(2) [Co(H2O)6]2+ .
(3) Number of moles of Co2 1 10 3 mol.
(4) The formation of the complex is represented as,
Co2 6H2O [Co(H2O)6]2+
[Co(H2O)6]2+ 2Cl [Co(H2O)6]Cl2
By decreasing the concentration of Cl or HCl, the equilibrium will shift backward.
(5) The complex, [Co(H2O)6]2+ has six coordinate covalent bonds.
(6) [Co(H2O)6] Cl2 : Hexaaquacobalt(II) chloride.
Experiment 15
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (c) 0.01M H2SO4 2H SO42
0.02 M
pH log10 [H ]
log10 0.02
[2.3010]
1.6990
(2) (c) increases
(3) (c) more than 7
(4) (b) basic
(5) (d) methyl orange
(6) (c) 9
NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI 7
Short Answer Questions :
500 0.1
(1) V 10,000 mL 10 L.
0.005
(2) [OH ] 0.02 M
pOH log10 [OH ] log10 0.02 2.3010 1.6990
pH 14 pOH 14 1.6990 12.3010.
(3) Acidic solution changes to basic solution.
(4) pH 14 pOH 14 4 10
[H ] Antilog 10 1 10 10 M.
(5) Starch is used as an indicator.
(6) In the titration of oxalic acid against KMnO4 solution, indicator is not required.
Experiment 16
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (b) pH 7
(2) (c) basic
(3) (d) blue
(4) (a) acidic
(5) (a) neutral
(6) (a) green
Short Answer Questions :
(1) Since K2CO3 is a salt of a weak acid (H2CO3) and a strong base KOH it undergoes hydrol-
ysis and solution becomes basic.
(2) Solution will be neutral.
(3) NH4Cl is a salt of strong acid and weak base, hence in solution it reacts acidic.
(4) Ammonium acetate, (CH3COONH4) is a salt of weak acid and weak base.
(5) Na2CO3 2HCl 2NaCl H2O CO2.
(6) Na2CO3 2H2O 2NaOH H2CO3.
8 NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI
Experiment 17
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (b) 273
(2) (c) 80° C
(3) (c) it has high boiling point
(4) (d) 122° C
(5) (a) the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases exist in equilibrium with each
other at 1 atm pressure
Short Answer Questions :
(1) The melting point of a substance is the temperature at which the solid and liquid phase ex-
ist in equilibrium with each other when the external pressure is one atmosphere.
(2) Stirring is not required in Thiele’s tube because convection currents are produced by heat-
ing its side arm.
(3) Presence of impurities lowers the melting point.
Experiment 18
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (d) 457 K
(2) (d) the temperature at which vapour pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure
(3) (c) Thermometer
(4) (d) When the last bubble is given out and liquid rises in capillary tube
(5) (a) 351 K
Short Answer Questions :
(1) Boiling point of a liquid, is the temperature at which vapour pressure of a liquid is equal to
the external atmospheric pressure.
(2) The boiling point is increased in presence of impurities.
(3) As the external pressure is increased, the boiling point also increases.
(4) It is a mixture of alkanes which are liquid at room temperature (i.e. alkanes with carbon
atoms 12 to 19).
NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI 9
Experiment 19
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (b) blue
(2) (c) AgCl
(3) (d) saturated solution
(4) (d) CuSO4, NaCl
(5) (b) Ca2 , Ba2
(6) (a) black
Short Answer Questions :
(1) As temperature increases, solubility increases.
(2) Solubility is the amount of a solute required to be dissolved to give 1 dm3 of saturated
solution.
(3) In qualitative analysis, cations are arranged in different groups in decreasing order of the
solubility and their solubility product.
(4) 2AgNO3 H2SO4 Ag2SO4(s) 2HNO3.
white ppt.
(5) Ca2 Na2SO4 CaSO4 2Na
white ppt.
(6) AgNO3, CaCl2, (NH4)2SO4
(7) When dilute HCl solution is added to the solution, Pb form white precipitate while K
ions remain in the solution.
10 NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI
SECTION 2 : ACTIVITIES
Activity 1
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (c) 1.26 g
(2) (b) dibasic acid
(3) (d) 3.95 g
(4) (c) Na2C2O4
(5) (a) hygroscopic
Short Answer Questions :
(1) 2 KMnO4 5H2C2O4 3H2SO4 K2SO4 2MnSO4 8H2O 10CO2.
(2) Moles of H2C2O4 50 10 3 0.1 5 10 3 mol
5 10 3 mol H2C2O4 require 2 10 3 mol of KMnO4
2 10 3
Volume of KMnO4. 20 mL.
0.1 10 3
OH OH
(3) Structure of oxalic acid O C — C O.
(4) Amount of acetic acid (CH3COOH) 0.3 0.05 60.
100 0.1 200 0.8
(5) Concentration (final)
500
0.032 M.
NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI 11
Activity 2
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (a) 4
(2) (c) moderately basic
(3) (d) acidic
(4) (a) red – orange
(5) (d) acidic
Short Answer Questions :
(1) red – orange colour.
(2) About 5.0.
(3) Red – orange colour.
(4)
pH 5.4
[H ] Antilog pH
Antilog 5.4
Antilog 6.6
3.98 10 6 M.
Activity 3
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (b) 0.1 mL
(2) (d) a burette
(3) (b) methyl orange
(4) (a) the bulb of the pipette
Short Answer Questions :
(1) By draining the solution from burette, bubble can be removed.
(2) A pipette which is graduated with 0.1 mL least count is a graduated pipette.
(3) Pilot reading gives a range of volume in mL required for titration.
(4) The concentrated solution is diluted with the help of a volumetric flask.
12 NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI
Activity 4
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (a) convert impure liquid into pure form
(2) (d) 373 K
(3) (b) simple distillation
(4) (b) alcohol
(5) (d) crystallization
Short Answer Questions :
(1) The process which involves vaporisation of a liquid, generally at its boiling point and
the condensation of the vapours thus formed into the liquid separately is called distilla-
tion. OR
The process is generally used to purify a volatile liquid from a non-volatile substance dis-
solved in it.
(2) When liquid boils it forms vapours, these vapours are cooled in a water condenser, where
it condenses to reproduce the liquid in a pure form.
(3) During distillation, a few pieces of porcelain (bumping stones) are added to the distilla-
tion flask to avoid bumping.
Activity 5
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (a) brick powder
(2) (b) metanil yellow
(3) (a) NaHCO3
(4) (d) edible oil is adulterated with argemone oil
Short Answer Question :
(1) The addition or subtraction of any substance to or from food, so that the natural composi-
tion and quality of food is affected.
NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI 13
Activity 6
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (b) 8.0
(2) (a) blue
(3) (a) decreases
(4) (b) pH > 7
(5) (a) acidic
Short Answer Questions :
(1) Range of pH 7 – 14.
(2) pOH log10 [OH ].
(3) Solution will be neutral.
(4) pH 9.
Activity 7
Multiple Choice Questions :
(1) (a) increases
(2) (d) red
(3) (d) pH 7, pH < 7, pH 7
(4) (b) 5
Short Answer Questions :
(1) pH pOH 14.
(2) pH 2 and pOH 14 2 12.
(3) pH increases.
(4) Colour : Green – blue.
14 NAVNEET HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS : STANDARD XI
