Aws A5.16-2013

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013
(ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
An American National Standard
Specification for
Titanium and
Titanium-Alloy
Welding Electrodes
and Rods

AWS A5.16/A5.16M: 2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

An American National Standard
Approved by the
American National Standards Institute
February 19, 2013
Specification for
Titanium and Titanium-Alloy
Welding Electrodes and Rods
6th Edition
Supersedes AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2007
Prepared by the
American Welding Society (AWS) A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials
Under the Direction of the

AWS Technical Activities Committee
Approved by the
AWS Board of Directors
Abstract
This specification prescribes the requirements for the classification of over 30 titanium and titanium-alloy welding elec-
trodes and rods. Classification is based upon the chemical composition of the electrode. Major topics include general
requirements, testing, packaging, and application guidelines.
This specification makes use of both U.S. Customary Units and the International System of Units (SI). Since these are not
equivalent, each must be used independently of the other.
This specification adopts the requirements of ISO 24034 and incorporates the provisions of earlier versions of
A5.16/A5.16M, allowing for classifications under both specifications.

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
International Standard Book Number: 978-0-87171-834-1

American Welding Society
8669 Doral Blvd., Suite 130, Doral, FL 33166
© 2013 by American Welding Society
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Photocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any
form, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright
owner.
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priate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400;
Internet: <www.copyright.com>.
ii

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Foreword
This foreword is not part of AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD), Specification for
Titanium and Titanium – Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods, but is included for informational purposes only.
This document is the first adoption of ISO 24034:2010: Welding consumables – Solid wires and rods for arc welding of
titanium and titanium-alloys – Classification . With its insertion of references and additional informative annexes it
replaces A5.16/A5.16M: 2007. The adoption of the modified ISO 24034, designated by MOD, is in accordance with
ISO/IEC Guide 21-2005, Clause 4.3. All changes are listed in Annex F. The modifications to ISO 24034:2010 are also
shown in Italic font.
Please note that ISO uses commas (,) and AWS uses periods (.) for decimals.
Document Development
The current specification is the sixth edition of the initial AWS/ASTM document issued in 1961 as shown below:
AWS A5.16-61T Tentative Specification for Titanium-Alloy Bare Welding Rods and Electrodes
ASTM B362-61T
AWS A5.16-70 Specification for Titanium and Titanium-Alloy Bare Welding Rods and Electrodes
ANSI W3.16-1973
ANSI/AWS A5.16-90 Specification for Titanium and Titanium-Alloy Bare Welding Rods and Electrodes
ANSI/AWS A5.16-90R Specification for Titanium and Titanium-Alloy Bare Welding Rods and Electrodes, reaffirmed in
1997
AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2004 Specification for Titanium and Titanium-Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes and Rods
AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2007 Specification for Titanium and Titanium-Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes and Rods
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 24034 may be the subject of patent
rights. AWS and ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the Secretary,
AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials, American Welding Society, 8669 Doral Blvd., Suite 130,
Doral, FL 33166.
vii

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Personnel
AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials

H. D. Wehr, Chair Arcos Industries, LLC
J. J. DeLoach Jr., 1st Vice Chair Naval Surface Warfare Center
R. D. Fuchs, 2nd Vice Chair Bohler Welding Group USA, Incorporated
R. K. Gupta, Secretary American Welding Society
T. Anderson ITW Welding North America
J. M. Blackburn Naval Sea Systems Command
J. C. Bundy Hobart Brothers Company
J. L. Caron Haynes International, Incorporated
D. D. Crockett Consultant
R. V. Decker Weldstar
D. A. DelSignore Consultant
H. W. Ebert Consultant
D. M. Fedor The Lincoln Electric Company
J. G. Feldstein Foster Wheeler North America
S. E. Ferree ESAB Welding and Cutting Products
D. A. Fink The Lincoln Electric Company
G. L. Franke Naval Surface Warfare Center
R. M. Henson Harris Products Group
S. D. Kiser Special Metals
P. J. Konkol Concurrent Technologies Corporation
D. J. Kotecki Damian Kotecki Welding Consultants
L. G. Kvidahl Ingalls Shipbuilding
A. Y. Lau Canadian Welding Bureau
J. S. Lee Chevron
T. Melfi The Lincoln Electric Company
M. T. Merlo RevWires, LLC
K. M. Merlo-Joseph EWI
B. Mosier Polymet Corporation
A. K. Mukherjee Siemens Energy, Inc.
T. C. Myers Oceaneering Intervention Engineering
C. L. Null Consultant
B. A. Pletcher Select-Arc
K. C. Pruden BP America
K. Roossinck Ingalls Shipbuilding
P. K. Salvesen Det Norske Veritas (DNV)
K. Sampath Consultant
W. S. Severance ESAB Welding and Cutting Products
M. F. Sinfield Naval Surface Warfare Center
M. J. Sullivan NASSCO-National Steel and Shipbuilding
R. C. Sutherlin ATI Wah Chang
M. D. Tumuluru US Steel Corporation
J. Zhang Indalco Alloys-Lincoln Electric
Advisors to the AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials
R. Bateman Soldaduras West Arco SAS

J. E. Beckham Chrysler Group, LLC
M. L. Caruso Special Metals Welding Products Company
R. A. Daemen Consultant
v

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
B. S. Dauble Carpenter Technology Corporation

T. A. Davenport PRL Industries
J. DeVito Consultant
C. E. Fuerstenau Lucas-Milhaupt, Incorporated
J. P. Hunt Consultant
S. Imaoka KOBE Steel, Ltd.
S. J. Knostman Hobart Brothers
W. A. Martilla WAMcom Consulting, LLC
R. Menon Stoody Company
M. P. Parekh Consultant
J. W. Price DMI Industries
M. A. Quintana The Lincoln Electric Company
E. S. Surian National University of Lomas de Zamora
H. J White Consultant
AWS A5K Subcommittee on Titanium and Zirconium Filler Metals
R.C. Sutherlin, Chair ATI Wah Chang

A. L. Diaz, Secretary American Welding Society
S. S. Delmore CK Worldwide, Incorporated
H. Kotaki Japan Titanium Society
B. Krueger Consultant
K. T. Tran Naval Surface Warfare Center
G. E. Trepus Boeing Research and Technology
Advisors to the AWS A5K Subcommittee on Titanium and Zirconium Filler Metals
J. A. McMaster MC Consulting

S. D. Sparkowich SABIC Innovative Plastics
vi

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Table of Contents
Page No.
Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. v
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. x
1. General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1..
1.2 Units of Measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 ..
1.3 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
..
2. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3. Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4. Symbols and Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4.1 Symbols for the Product Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.
4.2 Symbol for the Chemical Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.
4.3 Rounding-Off Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.
5. Mechanical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6. Chemical Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

7. Retest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8. Technical Delivery Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
9. Designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Annex A (Informative)—Explanation of Classification Symbols for Chemical Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Annex B (Informative)—Corresponding National Classifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Annex C (Informative)—Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
.
National Annexes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Annex D (Informative)—Guide to AWS Specification for Titanium and Titanium-Alloy
Welding Electrodes and Rods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 .
Annex E (Informative)—Guidelines for the Preparation of Technical Inquiries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Annex F (Informative)—List of Deviations from ISO 24034:2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 .
AWS Filler Metal Specifications by Material and Welding Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
AWS Filler Metal Specifications and Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
.
ix

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Specification for Titanium and

Titanium-Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods
1. General Requirements
1.1 Scope. This standard specifies requirements for the classification of solid wire electrodes, solid wires and rods for
fusion welding of titanium and titanium-alloys. The classification of the solid wires and cut lengths and spools of wire is
based on their chemical composition.
For titanium welding consumables, the compositions of the wire electrodes for the gas metal arc welding (GMAW)
process are the same as for the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process, the plasma arc welding (PAW) process, the
laser beam welding (LBW) process, and other fusion welding processes. Therefore, the use of the word “wires/rods” in
this classification refers to both “wire electrodes” and “wires and rods” in this standard .
NOTE: In this standard, the word “titanium” is used for “titanium and titanium-alloys.”
The classification of titanium wires/rods is based upon the chemical composition of the wires/rods.
1.2 Units of Measure. This standard makes use of both U.S. Customary Units and the International System of Units (SI). The
latter are shown within brackets ([ ]) or in appropriate columns in tables and figures. The measurements may not be exact
equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently when referring to material properties. Standard dimensions
based on either system may be used for sizing of electrodes or packaging or both under A5.16 or A5.16M specifications.
1.3 Safety. Safety and health issues and concerns are beyond the scope of this standard; some safety and health
information is provided, but such issues are not fully addressed herein.
American Welding Society:
(1) ANSI Z49.1. Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes
(2) AWS Safety and Health Fact Sheets
(3) Other safety and health information on the AWS website
Material or Equipment Manufacturers:
(1) Material Safety Data Sheets supplied by materials manufacturers
(2) Operating Manuals supplied by equipment manufacturers
Applicable Regulatory Agencies
Work performed in accordance with this standard may involve the use of materials that have been deemed hazardous,
and may involve operations or equipment that may cause injury or death. This standard does not purport to address all
safety and health risks that may be encountered. The user of this standard should establish an appropriate safety
program to address such risks as well as to meet applicable regulatory requirements. ANSI Z49.1 should be considered
when developing the safety program.
2. Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only
the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amend-
ments) applies.
2.1 The following AWS standards1 are referenced in the mandatory sections of this document :
1
AWS standards are published by the American Welding Society, 8669 Doral Blvd., Suite 130, Doral, FL 33166 .
1

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Specification for Titanium and

Titanium-Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods
1. General Requirements
1.1 Scope. This standard specifies requirements for the classification of solid wire electrodes, solid wires and rods for
fusion welding of titanium and titanium-alloys. The classification of the solid wires and cut lengths and spools of wire is
based on their chemical composition.
For titanium welding consumables, the compositions of the wire electrodes for the gas metal arc welding (GMAW)
process are the same as for the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process, the plasma arc welding (PAW) process, the
laser beam welding (LBW) process, and other fusion welding processes. Therefore, the use of the word “wires/rods” in
this classification refers to both “wire electrodes” and “wires and rods” in this standard .
NOTE: In this standard, the word “titanium” is used for “titanium and titanium-alloys.”
The classification of titanium wires/rods is based upon the chemical composition of the wires/rods.
1.2 Units of Measure. This standard makes use of both U.S. Customary Units and the International System of Units (SI). The
latter are shown within brackets ([ ]) or in appropriate columns in tables and figures. The measurements may not be exact
equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently when referring to material properties. Standard dimensions
based on either system may be used for sizing of electrodes or packaging or both under A5.16 or A5.16M specifications.
1.3 Safety. Safety and health issues and concerns are beyond the scope of this standard; some safety and health
information is provided, but such issues are not fully addressed herein.
American Welding Society:
(1) ANSI Z49.1. Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes
(2) AWS Safety and Health Fact Sheets
(3) Other safety and health information on the AWS website
Material or Equipment Manufacturers:
(1) Material Safety Data Sheets supplied by materials manufacturers
(2) Operating Manuals supplied by equipment manufacturers
Applicable Regulatory Agencies
Work performed in accordance with this standard may involve the use of materials that have been deemed hazardous,
and may involve operations or equipment that may cause injury or death. This standard does not purport to address all
safety and health risks that may be encountered. The user of this standard should establish an appropriate safety
program to address such risks as well as to meet applicable regulatory requirements. ANSI Z49.1 should be considered
when developing the safety program.
2. Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only
the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amend-
ments) applies.
2.1 The following AWS standards1 are referenced in the mandatory sections of this document :
1
AWS standards are published by the American Welding Society, 8669 Doral Blvd., Suite 130, Doral, FL 33166 .
1

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
AWS A3.0M/A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions

AWS A5.01M/A5.01 (ISO 14344 MOD), Procurement Guidelines for Consumables—Welding and Allied
Processes—Flux and Gas Shielded Electrical Welding Processes
AWS A5.02/A5.02M, Specification for Filler Metal Standard Sizes, Packaging, and Physical Attributes
2.2 The following ANSI standard 2 is referenced in the mandatory sections of this document:
ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes
2.3 The following ASTM standards3 are referenced in the mandatory sections of this document:
ASTM E29, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with
Specifications
ASTM E539, Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium Alloys by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
ASTM E1409, Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by
the Inert Gas Fusion Technique
ASTM E1447, Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert
Gas Fusion Thermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method
ASTM E1941, Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their
Alloys by Combustion Analysis
ASTM E2371, Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Atomic Emission Plasma
Spectrometry
ASTM E2626, Standard Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive and Refractory Metals
2.4 The following ISO standards4 are referenced in the mandatory sections of this document:
ISO 544, Welding consumables — Technical delivery conditions for welding filler materials and fluxes-Type of
product, dimensions, tolerances and markings
ISO 14344, Welding consumables-Procurement of filler materials and fluxes
ISO 80000–1:2009, Quantities and units — Part 1: General
3. Classification
The welding consumables may be classified with a numerical and/or an AWS designation.
1. Numerical designation:
a. The first part indicates the product form as solid wires or rods, see 4.1.
b. The second part gives a numerical symbol indicating the chemical composition of the solid wire/ rod , see Table 1.
2. AWS designation:
a. The AWS classification includes the product form as part of the classification designator.
4. Symbols and Requirements

4.1 Symbols for the Product Form
The symbol for the solid wire and rod shall be S. If numerical designations are used there is no additional symbol when
AWS classification is used.
2
This ANSI standard is published by the American Welding Society, 8669 Doral Blvd., Suite 130, Doral, FL 33166 .
3
This ASTM standards is published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959 .
4
ISO standards are published by the International Organization for Standardization, 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case
postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland .
2

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

Specifications
Spectrometry
3. Classification
2. AWS designation:

2
3
4
2

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

Specifications
Spectrometry
3. Classification
2. AWS designation:

2
3
4
2

Table 1
Symbols for Chemical Composition and Composition Requirements
Alloy Symbols Chemical Composition Requirements, % (by mass)a, b, c, d
AWS
Numerical A5.16/A5.16M Chemical C O N H Fe Al V Pd Ru Ni Mo Other
Classification
Ti 0100 ERTi-1 Ti99,8 0.03 0.03 to 0.10 0.012 0.005 0.08 — — — — — — —

Ti 0120 ERTi-2 Ti99,6 0.03 0.08 to 0.16 0.015 0.008 0.12 — — — — — — —
Ti 0125 ERTi-3 Ti99,5 0.03 0.13 to 0.20 0.02 0.008 0.16 — — — — — — —
Ti 0130 ERTi-4 Ti99,3 0.03 0.18 to 0.32 0.025 0.008 0.25 — — — — — — —
Ti 2251 ERTi-11 TiPd0,2 0.03 0.03 to 0.10 0.012 0.005 0.08 — — 0.12 to 0.25 — — — —
Ti 2253 ERTi-17 TiPd0,06 0.03 0.03 to 0.10 0.012 0.005 0.08 — — 0.04 to 0.08 — — — —
Ti 2255 ERTi-27 TiRu0,1 0.03 0.03 to 0.10 0.012 0.005 0.08 — — — 0.08 to 0.14 — — —
Ti 2401 ERTi-7 TiPd0,2A 0.03 0.08 to 0.16 0.015 0.008 0.12 — — 0.12 to 0.25 — — — —
Ti 2403 ERTi-16 TiPd0,06A 0.03 0.08 to 0.16 0.015 0.008 0.12 — — 0.04 to 0.08 — — — —
Ti 2405 ERTi-26 TiRu0,1A 0.03 0.08 to 0.16 0.015 0.008 0.12 — — — 0.08 to 0.14 — — —
Ti 3401 ERTi-12 TiNi0,7Mo0,3 0.03 0.08 to 0.16 0.015 0.008 0.15 — — — — 0.6 to 0.9 0.2 to 0.4 —
Ti 3416 ERTi-15A TiRu0,05Ni0,5 0.03 0.13 to 0.20 0.02 0.008 0.16 — — — 0.04 to 0.06 0.4 to 0.6 — —
3 Ti 3423 ERTi-13 TiNi0,5 0.03 0.03 to 0.10 0.012 0.005 0.08 — — — 0.04 to 0.06 0.4 to 0.6 — —
Ti 3424 ERTi-14 TiNi0,5A 0.03 0.08 to 0.16 0.015 0.008 0.12 — — — 0.04 to 0.06 0.4 to 0.6 — —
Ti 3443 ERTi-33 TiNi0,45Cr0,15 0.03 0.08 to 0.16 0.015 0.008 0.12 — — 0.01 to 0.02 0.02 to 0.04 0.35 to 0.55 — Cr: 0.1 to 0.2
Ti 3444 ERTi-34 TiNi0,45Cr0,15A 0.03 0.13 to 0.20 0.02 0.008 0.16 — — 0.01 to 0.02 0.02 to 0.04 0.35 to 0.55 — Cr: 0.1 to 0.2
Ti 3531 ERTi-30 TiCo0,5 0.03 0.08 to 0.16 0.015 0.008 0.12 — — 0.04 to 0.08 — — — Co: 0.20 to 0.80
Ti 3533 ERTi-31 TiCo0,5A 0.03 0.13 to 0.20 0.02 0.008 0.16 — — 0.04 to 0.08 — Co: 0.20 to 0.80 A
Ti 4251 ERTi-38 TiAl4V2Fe 0.05 0.20 to 0.27 0.02 0.010 1.2 to 1.8 3.5 to 4.5 2.0 to 3.0 — —
W
S
Sn: 0.6 to 1.4 A
5
Ti 5112 ERTi-32 TiAl5V1SnMo1Zr11 0.03 0.05 to 0.10 0.012 0.008 0.20 4.5 to 5.5 0.6 to 1.4 — — — 0.6 to 1.2 Zr: 0.6 to 1.4 .1
6
Si: 0.06 to 0.14
/
A
5
Ti 6321 ERTi-9e TiAl3V2,5A 0.03 0.06 to 0.12 0.012 0.005 0.20 2.5 to 3.5 2.0 to 3.0 — — — — —
.1
6
Ti 6324 ERTi-28 TiAl3V2,5Ru 0.03 0.06 to 0.12 0.012 0.005 0.20 2.5 to 3.5 2.0 to 3.0 — 0.08 to 0.14 — — —
M
:
2
Ti 6326 ERTi-18 TiAl3V2,5Pd 0.03 0.06 to 0.12 0.012 0.005 0.20 2.5 to 3.5 2.0 to 3.0 0.04 to 0.08 — — — — 0
1
3
Ti 6402 ERTi-5 TiAl6V4B 0.05 0.12 to 0.20 0.030 0.015 0.22 5.50 to 6.75 3.50 to 4.50 — — — — — (
I
S
Ti 6408 ERTi-23 TiAl6V4A 0.03 0.03 to 0.11 0.012 0.005 0.20 5.5 to 6.5 3.5 to 4.5 — — — — — O
Ti 6413 TiAl6V4Ni0,5Pd 0.05 0.12 to 0.20 0.030 0.015 0.22 5.5 to 6.7 3.5 to 4.5 0.04 to 0.08 — 0.3 to 0.8 — —
2
ERTi-25 0
4
Ti 6414 ERTi-29 TiAl6V4Ru 0.03 0.03 to 0.11 0.012 0.005 0.20 5.5 to 6.5 3.5 to 4.5 — 0.08 to 0.14 — — —
3
4
:
Ti 6415 ERTi-24 TiAl6V4Pd 0.05 0.12 to 0.20 0.030 0.015 0.22 5.5 to 6.7 3.5 to 4.5 0.04 to 0.08 — — — —
2
0
1
0
M
O
D
)

A
W
Table 1 (Continued) S
Symbols for Chemical Composition and Composition Requirements A
5
.1
Alloy Symbols Chemical Composition Requirements, % (by mass) a, b, c, d
6
/
A
5
AWS
.1
6
Numerical A5.16/A5.16M Chemical C O N H Fe Al V Pd Ru Ni Mo Other M
:
Classification
2
0
1
3
Ti 8211 ERTi-21 TiMo15Al3Nb3 0.03 0.10 to 0.15 0.012 0.005 0.20 to 0.40 2.5 to 3.5 — — — — 14.0 to 16.0 Nb: 2.2 to 3.2 (
S I
Si: 0.15 to 0.25
O
2
Ti 8451 ERTi-36 TiNb45 0.03 0.06 to 0.12 0.02 0.0035 0.03 — — — — — — Nb: 42.0 to 47.0 0
4
3
Ti 8641 ERTi-19 TiV8Cr6Mo4Zr4Al3 0.03 0.06 to 0.10 0.015 0.015 0.20 3.0 to 4.0 7.5 to 8.5 — — — 3.5 to 4.5 Cr: 5.5 to 6.5 4
:
2
Zr: 3.5 to 4.5 0
1
0
Ti 8646 ERTi-20 TiV8Cr6Mo4Zr4Al3Pd 0.03 0.06 to 0.10 0.015 0.015 0.20 3.0 to 4.0 7.5 to 8.5 0.04 to 0.08 — — 3.5 to 4.5 Cr: 5.5 to 6.5 M
Zr: 3.5 to 4.5
O
D
)
a
Single values are maxima, unless otherwise noted.
b
The remainder of the alloy is titanium.
c
Analysis of Fe and the interstitial elements C, O, H, and N shall be conducted on samples of rod/wire taken after the rod/wire has been reduced to its final diameter and all processing operations have been completed.
Analysis of the other elements may be conducted on these same samples or it may have been conducted on samples taken from the ingot or the rod stock from which the rod/wire is made. In case of dispute, samples
from the finished rod/wire shall be the referee method.
d
Any element intentionally added (O, Fe, N, and C) shall be measured and reported. Residual elements, total, shall not exceed 0.20 percent, with no single element exceeding 0.05 percent, except for yttrium, which shall
4
not exceed 0.005 percent. Residual elements need not be reported unless specifically required by the purchaser. A residual element is any element present in the metal in small quantities that is inherent in the sponge
or scrap additions, but not intentionally added. In titanium these elements include, among others, aluminum, vanadium, tin, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium,
yttrium, copper, silicon, and cobalt.
e
Formerly ERTi-9 ELI
Note: Corresponding national classifications are shown in Annex B.

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
4.2 Symbol for the Chemical Composition

The numerical symbol s or AWS Classification in Table 1 indicates the chemical composition of the solid wire or rod,
determined under conditions given in Clause 6. The first two digits indicate the alloy group. See Annex A for an expla-
nation of the numerical symbols. The second column (AWS A5.16/A5.16M Classification) is for reference to previous
revisions of this specification.
4.3 Rounding-Off Procedure

For the purpose of determining compliance with the requirements of this standard, the actual test values obtained shall be
subjected to the rounding- off rules of ASTM E29, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications or Rule A in Clause B.3 of ISO 80000–1:2009 (the results are the same). If
the measured values are obtained by equipment calibrated in units other than those of this standard, the measured values
shall be converted to the units of this standard before rounding- off . If an average value is to be compared to the require-
ments of this standard, rounding- off shall be done only after calculating the average. In the case where the testing stan-
dard cited in the normative references of this standard contains instructions for rounding- off that conflict with the
instructions of this standard, the rounding- off requirements of the testing standard shall apply. The rounded-off results
shall fulfill the requirements of the appropriate table for the classification under test.
5. Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties of weld metal or welded joints are not part of this classification.
6. Chemical Analysis
Chemical analysis shall be performed on specimens of the product or the stock from which it is made. See also footnote
c to Table 1. Many approved analytical techniques are applicable but, in case of a dispute, reference shall be made to
established published methods, agreed upon between the contracting parties.
7. Retest
If any test fails to meet the requirement, that test shall be repeated twice. The results of both retests shall meet the require-
ment. Specimens for the retest may be taken from the original test sample or from a new test sample. For chemical analy-
sis, retests need be only for those specific elements that failed to meet their test requirement. If the results of one or both
retests fail to meet the requirement, the material under test shall be considered as not meeting the requirements of this
specification for that classification.
In the event that, during preparation or after completion of any test, it is clearly determined that prescribed or proper pro-
cedures were not followed in preparing the weld test sample or test specimen(s), or in conducting the tests, the test shall
be considered invalid, without regard to whether the test was actually completed, or whether the test results met, or failed
to meet, the requirement. That test shall be repeated, following proper prescribed procedures. In this case, the requirement
for doubling the number of test specimens does not apply.
8. Technical Delivery Conditions

Technical delivery conditions shall meet the requirements in AWS A5.01M/A5.01(ISO 14344 MOD) and AWS
A5.02/A5.02M , or ISO 544 and ISO 14344.
5

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)


7. Retest

A5.02/A5.02M , or ISO 544 and ISO 14344.
5

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)


7. Retest

A5.02/A5.02M , or ISO 544 and ISO 14344.
5

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)


7. Retest

A5.02/A5.02M , or ISO 544 and ISO 14344.
5

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)


7. Retest

A5.02/A5.02M , or ISO 544 and ISO 14344.
5

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
9. Designation
The designation of solid wire electrodes, solid wires and rods shall follow the principles given in the examples below.
EXAMPLE 1: A solid wire (S) for fusion welding that has a chemical composition within the limits for the alloy Ti
6402 (TiAl6V4B) of Table 1 is designated as follows:
Solid wire ISO 24034— ERTi-5
or alternatively:
Solid wire ISO 24034— ERTi-5 (TiAl6V4B)
EXAMPLE 2
(AWS wire designation): A solid rod (S) for fusion welding is designated as follows:
Solid rod— Ti-12
or alternatively:
Solid rod— ERTi-12
Where, for the two examples:

ISO 24034 is the number of the International Standard;
S is the product form (see 4.1);
Ti 6402 is the numerical symbol for welding consumable (see Table 1);
ERTi-5 is the AWS Classification of the welding consumable (See Table 1);
TiAl6V4B is the optional chemical symbol for chemical composition 6402 (see Table 1).
6

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Annex A (Informative)
Explanation of Classification Symbols for
Chemical Composition
This annex is not part of AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:20110 MOD), Specification for Titanium and
Titanium-Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods, but is included for informational purposes only.
A1. General
The four digit symbols for chemical composition of solid wire electrodes, solid wires and rods in this standard are taken
from the last four digits of the UNS (metals and alloys in the Unified Numbering System, SAE HS-1086/ASTM DS-56J )
designations for the alloy compositions. The first two digits indicate the general alloy group. The UNS number for all of
the titanium alloys are the ISO 24034 numerical designations preceded by a R5 (e.g. R52251, R50100, etc.) The last two
digits indicate modifications of the basic alloy within the group.
Titanium-alloys can exist at room temperature as hexagonal close-packed crystal structure (alpha alloys), body-centered
cubic crystal structure (beta alloys), or a mixture of the two crystal structures. Pure titanium exists at room temperature
as the alpha crystal structure. Addition of alloying elements can change the room temperature structure to traces of beta
in alpha (often termed “near-alpha” alloys) or part beta (termed “alpha + beta” alloys), depending upon the alloy elements
and amounts added. Aluminum and tin act to stabilize alpha, while vanadium, molybdenum, chromium, and copper act
to stabilize beta. All beta alloys (called “metastable-beta”) are not normally produced as welding filler metals, so none are
classified in this standard.
NOTE: All percentages mentioned in this annex are “by mass”.
A2. Alloy Group 01

Alloy group 01 (alloys 0100, 0120, 0125, and 0130) consists of commercially pure titanium. The alloys differ only in
respect to their oxygen content. In general, higher oxygen results in higher strength, 80 ksi [550 MPA] (for alloy 0130)
instead of 62 ksi [425 MPA] (for alloy 100), but lower ductility. These are alpha alloys.
A3. Alloy Group 22

Alloy group 22 (alloys 2251, 2253, and 2255) consists of low oxygen titanium with deliberately small addition s of palla-
dium or ruthenium. Palladium and ruthenium enhance the corrosion resistance of titanium in reducing acid media, crevice
corrosion situations, and hot oxidizing chloride brines. These are alpha alloys.
A4. Alloy Group 24

Alloy group 24 (alloys 2401, 2403, and 2405), like Group 22, has deliberately small additions of palladium and ruthe-
nium, but consists of higher oxygen content giving higher strength. These are alpha alloys.
7

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
A5. Alloy Group 34

Alloy group 34 (alloys 3401, 3416, 3423, 3424, 3443, and 3444) contains about 0.5% Ni as a deliberate alloying element.
Nickel enhances the corrosion resistance of titanium in reducing acid media, crevice corrosion situations, and hot oxidiz-
ing chloride brines. These are alpha alloys.
A6. Alloy Group 35

Alloy group 35 (alloys 3531 and 3533) contains about 0.5% Co as a deliberate alloying addition. Cobalt enhances the cor-
rosion resistance of titanium in reducing acid media, crevice corrosion situations, and hot oxidizing chloride brines.
These are alpha alloys.
A7. Alloy Group 42

Alloy group 42 (alloy 4251) contains about 4% aluminum, 2.5% vanadium, and 1.5% iron. This is an alpha + beta alloy,
having an ultimate tensile strength of around 130 ksi [896 MPa].
A8. Alloy Group 51

Alloy group 51 (alloy 5112) contains about 5% aluminum, 1% vanadium, 1% tin, 1% molybdenum, and 1% zirconium.
This is an alpha + beta alloy, having an ultimate tensile strength of around 123 ksi [850 MPa].
A 9. Alloy Group 63

Alloy group 63 (alloys 6321, 6324, and 6326) contains about 3% aluminum and 2.5% vanadium. These are alpha + beta
alloys, having an ultimate tensile strength of around 102 ksi [700 MPa].
A10. Alloy Group 64

Alloy group 64 (alloys 6402, 6408, 6413, 6414, and 6415) contains about 6% aluminum and 4% vanadium. These are
alpha + beta alloys, having an ultimate tensile strength of around 145 ksi [1,000 MPa].
A11. Alloy Group 82

Alloy group 82 (alloy 8211) contains about 15% molybdenum, 3% aluminum, 2.7% niobium, and 0.25% silicon. This is
a weldable and heat treatable beta alloy, having an ultimate tensile strength of around 115 ksi [793 MPa].
A12. Alloy Group 84

Alloy group 84 (alloy 8451) contains 42% to 47% niobium. This is an alpha + beta alloy, having an ultimate tensile
strength of around 65 ksi [448 MPa]. It has unique shape memory properties.
A13. Alloy Group 86

Alloys in group 86 (alloys 8641 and 8646) contain about 3% aluminum, 8% vanadium, 6% chromium, 4% zirconium,
and 4% molybdenum. This is a weldable and heat treatable beta alloy, having an ultimate tensile strength of around
115 ksi [793 MPa]. Alloy 8646 includes 0.04% to 0.08% palladium for improved corrosion resistance.
8

Annex B (Informative)
Corresponding National Classifications
Table B.1
Corresponding National Classifications
AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 USA Germany
(ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Alloy Symbols Japan
Numerical Chemical AWS AWS ANSI/AWS AWS Aerospace JIS DIN

A5.16/A5.16M:2007 A5.16/A5.16M:2004 A5.16–90 A5.16–70 Materials Z3331:2011a 1737-1:1984
Specification
9 Ti 0100
Ti 0100 Ti99,8 ERTi-1 ERTi-1 ERTi-1 ERTi-1 –
Ti 0100J 3.7026
Ti 0120
Ti 0120 Ti99,6 ERTi-2 ERTi-2 ERTi-2 ERTi-2 – –
Ti 0120J
Ti 0125
Ti 0125 Ti99,5 ERTi-3 ERTi-3 ERTi-3 ERTi-3 AMS 4951:2003 –
Ti 0125J
Ti 0130
A
Ti 0130 Ti99,3 ERTi-4 ERTi-4 ERTi-4 ERTi-4 –
W
Ti 0130J 3.7036 S
A
Ti 2251 5
Ti 2251 TiPd0,2 ERTi-11 ERTi-11 – – – .1
Ti 2251J 3.7226 6
/
A
Ti 2253 TiPd0,06 ERTi-17 ERTi-17 – – – Ti 2253 – 5
.1
6
Ti 2255 TiRu0,1 ERTi-27 ERTi-27 – – – Ti 2255 – M
:
2
Ti 2401 0
Ti 2401 TiPd0,2A ERTi-7 ERTi-7 ERTi-7 ERTi-0.2Pd – 1
Ti 2401J 3.7236 3
(
I
Ti 2403 TiPd0.06A ERTi-16 ERTi-16 – – – Ti 2403 –
S
O
2
Ti 2405 TiRu0,1A ERTi-26 ERTi-26 – – – Ti 2405 – 0
4
3
Ti 3401 TiNi0,7Mo0,3 ERTi-12 ERTi-12 ERTi-12 – – Ti 3401 – 4
:
2
Ti 3416 TiRu0,05Ni0,05 ERTi-15A ERTi-15A – – – Ti 3416 –
0
1
0
Ti 3423 TiNi0.5 ERTi-13 ERTi-13 – – – Ti 3423 – O
M
Ti 3424 TiNi0,5A ERTi-14 ERTi-14 – – – Ti 3424 –

D
)

A
W
Table B.1 (Continued) S
Corresponding National Classifications A
5
.1
AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 USA Germany
6
/
A
(ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
5
.1
6
M
Alloy Symbols Japan :
2
0
Numerical Chemical AWS AWS ANSI/AWS AWS Aerospace JIS DIN
1
3
A5.16/A5.16M:2007 A5.16/A5.16M:2004 A5.16–90 A5.16–70 Materials Z3331:2011a 1737-1:1984
(
I
S
Specification
O
2
4
0
Ti 3443 TiNi0,45Cr0,15 ERTi-33 ERTi-33 – – – Ti 3443 –
3
4
:
2
Ti 3444 TiNi0,45Cr0,15A ERTi-34 ERTi-34 – – – Ti 3444 – 0
1
0
Ti 3531 TiCo0,5 ERTi-30 ERTi-30 – – – Ti 3531 – M
O
Ti 3533 TiCo9,5A ERTi-31 ERTi-31 – – – Ti 3533 – D
)
Ti 4251 TiAl4V2.5 ERTi-38 – – – – – –
Ti 5112 TiAl5V1Sn1Mo1Zr1 ERTi-32 ERTi-32 – – – Ti 5112 –
Ti 6321
Ti 6321 TiAl3V2,5A ERTi-9 ELI ERTi-9ELI ERTi-9ELI ErTi-3AL-2.5V-1 – –
Ti 6321J
1 Ti 6324 TiAl3V2,5Ru ERTi-28 ERTi-28 – – – Ti 6324 –
0
Ti 6326 TiAl3V2,5Pd ERTi-18 ERTi-18 – – – Ti 6326 –

Ti 6400
Ti 6400 TiAl6V4 – – – – – –
Ti 6400J
Ti 6402 TiAl6V4B ERTi-5 ERTi-5 ERTi-5 ERTi-6Al-4V AMS 4954:2003 Ti 6402 –
Ti 6408
Ti 6408 TiAl6V4A ERTi-23 ERTi-23 ERTi-5ELI ERTi-6Al-4V-1 AMS 4956:2003 Ti 6408J –
Ti 6413 TiAl6V4Ni0,5Pd ERTi-25 ERTi-25 – – – Ti 6413 –

Ti 6114 TiAl6V4Ru ERTi-29 ERTi-29 – – – Ti 6114 –
Ti 6415 TiAl6V4Pd ERTi-24 ERTi-24 – – – Ti 6415 –
Ti 8211 TiMo15Al3Nb3 ERTi-21 – – – – – –
Ti 8451 TiNb45 ERTi-36 – – – – – –
Ti 8641 TiV8Cr6Mo4Zr4Al3 ERTi-19 – – – – – –
Ti 8646 TiV8Cr6Mo4Zr4Al3Pd ERTi-20 – – – – – –
a
“J” designates alloys that consist of Japanese original range of chemical composition

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Annex C (Informative)
Informative References
AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2004, Specification for Titanium and Titanium-Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods
AWS G2.4/G2.4M, Guide for the Fusion Welding of Titanium and Titanium Alloys
AMS 4951:2003, Titanium welding wire commercially pure environment controlled packaging
AMS 4952:2007, Titanium alloy, welding wire, 6Al – 2Sn – 4Zr – 2Mo
AMS 4954:2003, Titanium alloy, welding wire, 6Al – 4V
AMS 4955:2008, Titanium alloy, welding wire, 8Al – 1Mo – 1V
AMS 4956:2003, Titanium alloy welding wire, 6Al – 4V, extra low interstitials environment controlled packaging
JIS Z3331:2002, Titanium and titanium alloy welding rods and solid wires
DIN 1737–1:1984, Schweiβ zusätze für Titan und Titan-Palladiumlegierungen — Chemische Zusammensetzung,
Technische Lieferbedingungen [Filler metals for welding titanium and titaniumpalladium alloys — Chemical
composition, technical delivery conditions] 5
GDMB e. V, Analyse der Metalle: Band 1 Schiedsanalysen; or Analyse der Metalle: Band 2: Betriebsanalysen. Teil 1;
Teil 2; Analyse der Metalle: Band 3: Probenahme.
ASTM E120, Standard Methods for chemical analysis of titanium and titanium-base alloys
Thomas, R. D., Jr., 1996, Generic System for Designation of Welding Filler Metals, Welding in the World, 37 (3):
155–160
Thomas, R. D., Jr., 1998, Generic System for Designation of Welding Filler Metals, Welding Journal, 77(2): 29–32
5
Withdrawn (replaced by ISO 24034).
11

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
National Annexes
Annex D (Informative)
Guide to AWS Specification for Titanium and
Titanium–Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods
D1. Acceptance
Acceptance of all welding materials classified under this specification is in accordance with AWS A5.01M/A5.01 (ISO
14344 MOD), Procurement Guidelines for Consumables—Welding and Allied Processes—Flux and Gas Shielded
Electrical Welding Processes as the specification states. Any testing a purchaser requires of the supplier, for material
shipped in accordance with this specification, needs to be clearly stated in the purchase order, according to the provi-
sions of AWS A5.01M/A5.01 (ISO 14344 MOD). In the absence of any such statement in the purchase order, the supplier
may ship the material with whatever testing the supplier normally conducts on material of that classification, as specified
in Schedule F, Table 1. Testing in accordance with any other Schedule in that Table shall be specifically required by the
purchase order. In such cases, acceptance of the material shipped shall be in accordance with those requirements.
D2. Certification
The act of placing the AWS specification and classification designations on the packaging enclosing the product or the
classification on the product itself, constitutes the supplier’s (manufacturer’s) certification that the product meets all of
the requirements of the specification. The only testing requirement implicit in this certification is that the manufacturer
has actually conducted the tests required by the specification on material that is representative of that being shipped and
that the material met the requirements of the specification. Representative material, in this case, is any production run of
that classification using the same formulation. Certification is not to be construed to mean that tests of any kind were nec-
essarily conducted on samples of the specific material shipped. Tests on such material may or may not have been con-
ducted. The basis for the certification required by the specification is the classification test of “representative material”
cited above, and the “Manufacturer’s Quality Assurance Program” in AWS A5.01M/A5.01 (ISO 14344 MOD).
D3. Ventilation During Welding

D3.1 Five major factors govern the quantity of fumes to which welders and welding operators are exposed during
welding:
(1) Dimensions of the space in which welding is done (with special regard to the height of the ceiling).
(2) Number of welders and welding operators working in that space.
(3) Rate of evolution of fumes, gases, or dust, according to the materials and processes used.
13

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
(4) The proximity of the welders or welding operators to the fumes as the fumes issue from the welding zone, and to
the gases and dusts in the space in which they are working.
(5) The ventilation provided to the space in which the welding is done.
D3.2 American National Standard Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes discusses the ventilation that
is required during welding and should be referred to for details. Attention is drawn particularly to the section of that
document, entitled “Ventilation.” Further details about ventilation can be found in AWS F3.2 Ventilation Guide for
Welding Fume.
D4. Welding Considerations

D4.1 Titanium and titanium-alloys can be welded by gas tungsten arc, gas metal arc, plasma arc, laser beam, and
electron beam welding processes. Titanium is a reactive metal and is sensitive to embrittlement by oxygen, nitrogen, and
hydrogen, at elevated temperatures. Consequently, the metal must be protected from atmospheric contamination. This
can be provided by shielding the metal with welding grade inert gas as specified in AWS A5.32M/A5.32 (ISO 14175
MOD), Welding Consumables-Gases and Gas Mixtures for Fusion Welding and Allied Processes for classes SE-A or SG-
He or having mixtures of these single shielding gas classes surrounding the arc and molten or just solidified but still hot
weld metal. Welding can also be done remotely in a chamber or in a glove bag. These chambers can be purged of air and
back filled with inert gas, or, if they are rigid gas tight walls, can be evacuated to at least 10 –4 torr [0.013 Pa] to remove
any air contaminants.
During arc welding, the titanium should be shielded from the ambient air atmosphere until it has cooled below about
800°F [430°C]. Adequate protection by auxiliary inert gas shielding can be provided when welding is being performed
in ambient air atmosphere. Ventilation and exhaust at the arc must be carried out in such a manner that the protective
inert gas shielding (arc shielding, trailing shielding, or root shielding) is not impaired.
D4.2 The titanium metal should be free of thick oxide and chemically clean prior to welding, as contamination from
oxide, water, grease, or dirt will also cause embrittlement.
D4.3 Titanium welding rods should be chemically clean and free of heavy oxide, absorbed moisture, grease, and dirt. If
the hot end of the filler metal is removed from the gas shield prior to cooling and then reused, it contributes to weld
contamination. Welding rod should be added by technique that keeps the hot end within the torch gas blanket. If the rod
tip becomes contaminated, the discolored end should be cut off before reusing.
D5. Discontinued Classifications

Some classifications have been discontinued from one revision of this specification to another. This resulted from either
changes in commercial practice or changes in the classification system used in the specification. The discontinued clas-
sifications are listed in Table D.1, along with the year last included in the specification.
Table D.1
Discontinued Titanium Filler Metal Classifications
AWS Classification Last Year Published
ERTi-6 1990
ERTi-6ELl 1990
ERTi-15 1990
ERTi-8Al-2Cb-1Ta-1Mo-1V 1970
ERTi-8Al-1Mo-1V 1970
ERTi-13V-11Cr-3Al 1970
14

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
D6. Special Tests

It is recognized that for certain applications, supplementary tests may be required. In such cases, additional tests to
determine specific properties, such as corrosion-resistance, scale-resistance, or strength at elevated temperatures may
be required. AWS A5.01M/A5.01 (ISO 14344 MOD) provides a means by which such tests can be incorporated into the
purchase order. This section is included for the guidance of those who desire to specify such special tests. Those tests may
be conducted as agreed by supplier and purchaser.
D7. General Safety Considerations

D7.1 Safety and health issues and concerns are beyond the scope of this standard and, therefore, are not fully addressed
herein. Some safety and health information can be found in annex Clause E3. Safety and health information is available
from other sources, including, but not limited to the Safety and Health Fact Sheets listed in E7.3, ANSI Z49.1, and
applicable federal and state regulations.
D7.2 Safety and Health Fact Sheets. The Safety and Health Fact Sheets listed below are published by the American
Welding Society (AWS). They may be downloaded and printed directly from the AWS website at http://www.aws.org. The
Safety and Health Fact Sheets are revised and additional sheets added periodically.
D7.3 AWS Safety and Health Fact Sheets Index (SHF)6

No. Title
1 Fumes and Gases
2 Radiation
3 Noise
4 Chromium and Nickel in Welding Fume
5 Electrical Hazards
6 Fire and Explosion Prevention
7 Burn Protection
8 Mechanical Hazards
9 Tripping and Falling
10 Falling Objects
11 Confined Spaces
12 Contact Lens Wear
13 Ergonomics in the Welding Environment
14 Graphic Symbols for Precautionary Labels
15 Style Guidelines for Safety and Health Documents
16 Pacemakers and Welding
17 Electric and Magnetic Fields (EMF)
18 Lockout/Tagout
19 Laser Welding and Cutting Safety
20 Thermal Spraying Safety
21 Resistance Spot Welding
22 Cadmium Exposure from Welding and Allied Processes
23 California Proposition 65
24 Fluxes for Arc Welding and Brazing: Safe Handling and Use
25 Metal Fume Fever
26 Under Development
27 Thoriated Tungsten Electrodes
28 Under Development
29 Grounding of Portable and Vehicle Mounted Welding Generators
30 Cylinders: Safe Storage, Handling, and Use
31 Eye and Face Protection for Welding and Cutting Operations
33 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Welding & Cutting
34 Coated Steels: Welding and Cutting Safety Concerns
36 Ventilation for Welding & Cutting
37 Selecting Gloves for Welding & Cutting
6
AWS standards are published by the American Welding Society, 8669 Doral Blvd., Suite 130, Doral, FL 33166.
15

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Annex E (Informative)
Guidelines for the Preparation of Technical Inquiries
Titanium – Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods, but is included for informational purposes only.
E1. Introduction
The American Welding Society (AWS) Board of Directors has adopted a policy whereby all official interpretations of
AWS standards are handled in a formal manner. Under this policy, all interpretations are made by the committee that is
responsible for the standard. Official communication concerning an interpretation is directed through the AWS staff
member who works with that committee. The policy requires that all requests for an interpretation be submitted in writ-
ing. Such requests will be handled as expeditiously as possible, but due to the complexity of the work and the procedures
that must be followed, some interpretations may require considerable time.
E2. Procedure
All inquiries shall be directed to:
Managing Director
Technical Services Division
American Welding Society
8669 Doral Blvd.
Doral, FL 33166
All inquiries shall contain the name, address, and affiliation of the inquirer, and they shall provide enough information
for the committee to understand the point of concern in the inquiry. When the point is not clearly defined, the inquiry
will be returned for clarification. For efficient handling, all inquiries should be typewritten and in the format specified
below.
E2.1 Scope. Each inquiry shall address one single provision of the standard unless the point of the inquiry involves two
or more interrelated provisions. The provision(s) shall be identified in the scope of the inquiry along with the edition of
the standard that contains the provision(s) the inquirer is addressing.
E2.2 Purpose of the Inquiry. The purpose of the inquiry shall be stated in this portion of the inquiry. The purpose can
be to obtain an interpretation of a standard’s requirement or to request the revision of a particular provision in the
standard.
E2.3 Content of the Inquiry. The inquiry should be concise, yet complete, to enable the committee to understand the
point of the inquiry. Sketches should be used whenever appropriate, and all paragraphs, figures, and tables (or annex)
that bear on the inquiry shall be cited. If the point of the inquiry is to obtain a revision of the standard, the inquiry shall
provide technical justification for that revision.
E2.4 Proposed Reply. The inquirer should, as a proposed reply, state an interpretation of the provision that is the point
of the inquiry or provide the wording for a proposed revision, if this is what the inquirer seeks.
17

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
E3. Interpretation of Provisions of the Standard

Interpretations of provisions of the standard are made by the relevant AWS technical committee. The secretary of the
committee refers all inquiries to the chair of the particular subcommittee that has jurisdiction over the portion of
the standard addressed by the inquiry. The subcommittee reviews the inquiry and the proposed reply to determine what
the response to the inquiry should be. Following the subcommittee’s development of the response, the inquiry and the
response are presented to the entire committee for review and approval. Upon approval by the committee, the interpre-
tation is an official interpretation of the Society, and the secretary transmits the response to the inquirer and to the
Welding Journal for publication.
E4. Publication of Interpretations

All official interpretations will appear in the Welding Journal and will be posted on the AWS web site.
E5. Telephone Inquiries

Telephone inquiries to AWS Headquarters concerning AWS standards should be limited to questions of a general nature
or to matters directly related to the use of the standard. The AWS Board Policy Manual requires that all AWS staff mem-
bers respond to a telephone request for an official interpretation of any AWS standard with the information that such an
interpretation can be obtained only through a written request. Headquarters staff cannot provide consulting services.
However, the staff can refer a caller to any of those consultants whose names are on file at AWS Headquarters.
E6. AWS Technical Committees

The activities of AWS technical committees regarding interpretations are limited strictly to the interpretation of provi-
sions of standards prepared by the committees or to consideration of revisions to existing provisions on the basis of new
data or technology. Neither AWS staff nor the committees are in a position to offer interpretive or consulting services on
(1) specific engineering problems, (2) requirements of standards applied to fabrications outside the scope of the docu-
ment, or (3) points not specifically covered by the standard. In such cases, the inquirer should seek assistance from a
competent engineer experienced in the particular field of interest.
18

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Annex F (Informative)
List of Deviations from ISO 24034:2010
Titanium–Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods, but is included for informational purposes only.
Global Change
Changed “international standard” to “standard” globally
Added names and addresses of the publishers whose documents are referred to in this specification
ISO uses comma (,) for decimal, but AWS uses period (.) for decimal. Decimal commas have been changed to decimals
Clause 1
Modified Scope
Added Clause 1.2 and 1.3
Clause 2
AWS A5.01M/A5.01(ISO 14344 MOD), A5.02/A5.02M, ANSI Z49.1, and ASTM E E29, E539, E1409, E1447, E1941,
E2371 and E2626 specifications have been added
Clause 3
Modified Classification Clause
Clause 8
Added reference to AWS A5.01M/A5.01 (ISO 14344 MOD) and A5.02/A5.02M
Clause 4.1
Added information regarding numerical designation
Clause 4.2
Included AWS Classification
19

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Clause 5
Deleted “all” from “all-weld”
Clause 9
Example 1: Changed “S Ti 6402” to “ERTi-5”, and “S Ti 6402” to “ERTi-5 (TiAl6V4B)”
Example 2: Modified to represent an AWS wire designation; changed “ISO 24034 – S Ti 6402” to “Ti-12’, and “ISO
24034 – S Ti 6402 (TiAl6V4B)” to “ERTi-12”
Modified Ti 6402’s note
Added a note for ERTi-5
Table 1
Added “AWS Classification”
Added “MO” column
Deleted Ti 4621
Modified Ti 6414
Modified Note d and e
Table B.1
Added Ti 6400
Added historical A5.16 classifications
Deleted Ti 4621 and Ti 4810
Modified Ti 6321
Modified footnotes
Updated column JIS Z3331
Annex A
Modified Clause A.1 General
Deleted alloy Group 46

Deleted alloy Group 48
Annex B
Added in accordance with ISO 24034:2005/DAM 1.
Corrected errors in two Japanese designations, for Alloys 6400 and 6402.
Annex C
Added AWS G2.4/G2.4M and GDMB publications
20

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Additional National Annexes

Added “Annex D (informative), Guide to AWS Specification for Titanium and Titanium-Alloy Welding Electrodes and
Rods”
Added “Annex E (informative) Guidelines for Preparation of Technical Inquiries”
Added “Annex F (informative) List of Deviations from ISO 24034:2010”
Added “AWS Filler Metal Specifications by Material and Welding Process”

Added “AWS Filler Metal Specifications and Related Documents”
21

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
AWS Filler Metal Specifications by Material and Welding Process
23

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
AWS Filler Metal Specifications and Related Documents

Designation Title
FMC Filler Metal Comparison Charts
IFS International Index of Welding Filler Metal Classifications
UGFM User’s Guide to Filler Metals
A4.2M Standard Procedures for Calibrating Magnetic Instruments to Measure the Delta Ferrite
(ISO 8249 MOD) Content of Austenitic and Duplex Ferritic-Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld Metal
A4.3 Standard Methods for Determination of the Diffusible Hydrogen Content of Martensitic,
Bainitic, and Ferritic Steel Weld Metal Produced by Arc Welding
A4.4M Standard Procedures for Determination of Moisture Content of Welding Fluxes and Welding
Electrode Flux Coverings
A4.5M/A4.5 Standard Methods for Classification Testing of Positional Capacity and Root Penetration of
(ISO 15792-3 MOD) Welding Consumables in a Fillet Weld
A5.01M/A5.01 Procurement guidelines for consumables – Welding and allied processes — Flux and Gas
(ISO 14344 MOD) Shielded Electrical Welding Processes
A5.02/A5.02M Specification for Filler Metal Standard Sizes, Packaging, and Physical Attributes
A5.1/A5.1M Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
A5.2/A5.2M Specification for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Rods for Oxyfuel Gas Welding
A5.3/A5.3M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
A5.4/A5.4M Specification for Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
A5.5/A5.5M Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
A5.6/A5.6M Specification for Covered Copper and Copper-Alloy Arc Welding Electrodes
A5.7/A5.7M Specification for Copper and Copper Alloy Bare Welding Rods and Electrodes
A5.8/A5.8M Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding
A5.9/A5.9M Specification for Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods
A5.10/A5.10M Welding Consumables – Wire Electrodes, Wires and Rods for Welding of Aluminum and
(ISO 18273 MOD) Aluminum-Alloys Classification
A5.11/A5.11M Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
A5.12M/A5.12 Specification for Tungsten and Oxide Dispersed Tungsten Electrodes for Arc Welding and
(ISO 6848:2004 MOD) Cutting
A5.13/A5.13M Specification for Surfacing Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
A5.14/A5.14M Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes and Rods
A5.15 Specification for Welding Electrodes and Rods for Cast Iron
A5.16/A5.16M Specification for Titanium and Titanium-Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods
(ISO 24034 MOD)
A5.17/A5.17M Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding
A5.18/A5.18M Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding
A5.19 Specification for Magnesium Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods
A5.21/A5.21M Specification for Bare Electrodes and Rods for Surfacing
A5.22/A5.22M Specification for Stainless Steel Flux Cored and Metal Cored Welding Electrodes and Rods
A5.23/A5.23M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding
A5.24/A5.24M Specification for Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods
A5.25/A5.25M Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Electroslag Welding
25

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Designation Title
A5.26/A5.26M Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes for Electrogas Welding
A5.28/A5.28M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding
A5.30/A5.30M Specification for Consumable Inserts
A5.31M/A5.31 Specification for Fluxes for Brazing and Braze Welding
A5.32/A5.32M Welding consumables – Gases and Gas mixtures for fusion welding and allied processes
(ISO 14175 MOD)
A5.34/A5.34M Specification for Nickel-Alloy Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding
A5.36/A5.36M Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Flux Cored Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc
Welding and Metal Cored Electrodes for Gas Metal Arc Welding
26

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
List of Tables
Table Page No.

1 Symbols for Chemical Composition and Composition Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
B.1 Corresponding National Classifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
D.1 Discontinued Titanium Filler Metal Classifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
x

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)
Statement on the Use of American Welding Society Standards
All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American
Welding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, or
made part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmen-
tal bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards
must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and
regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the
AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS stan-
dard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.
AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that brings
together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the
process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evalu-
ate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.
AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether spe-
cial, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on
this standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published
herein.
In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for or
on behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone
else. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the
advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. It is
assumed that the use of this standard and its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and competent personnel.
This standard may be superseded by new editions. This standard may also be corrected through publication of amend-
ments or errata, or supplemented by publication of addenda. Information on the latest editions of AWS standards includ-
ing amendments, errata, and addenda is posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org). Users should ensure that they have
the latest edition, amendments, errata, and addenda.
Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard accept any
and all liabilities for infringement of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement of any
patent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.
AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.
Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request,
in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society,
Attention: Managing Director, Technical Services Division, 8669 Doral Blvd., Suite 130, Doral, FL 33166 (see Annex
E). With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be ren-
dered. These opinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professional
advice. Such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals
do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of
AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials. It must
be reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations,
additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are required and should be
addressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS A5 Committee on Filler
Metals and Allied Materials and the author of the comments will be informed of the CommitteeÕs response to the com-
ments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials to
express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are pro-
vided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the
American Welding Society, 8669 Doral Blvd., Suite 130, Doral, FL 33166.
iii

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AWS A5.16/A5.16M: 2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

Supersedes AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2007

Under the Direction of the

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

International Standard Book Number: 978-0-87171-834-1

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials

Advisors to the AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials

R. Bateman Soldaduras West Arco SAS

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

B. S. Dauble Carpenter Technology Corporation

AWS A5K Subcommittee on Titanium and Zirconium Filler Metals

R.C. Sutherlin, Chair ATI Wah Chang

J. A. McMaster MC Consulting

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

6. Chemical Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

Speciﬁcation for Titanium and

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

Speciﬁcation for Titanium and

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

AWS A3.0M/A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Deﬁnitions

4. Symbols and Requirements

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

AWS A3.0M/A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Deﬁnitions

4. Symbols and Requirements

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

AWS A3.0M/A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Deﬁnitions

4. Symbols and Requirements

Ti 0100 ERTi-1 Ti99,8 0.03 0.03 to 0.10 0.012 0.005 0.08 — — — — — — —

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

4.2 Symbol for the Chemical Composition

4.3 Rounding-Off Procedure

8. Technical Delivery Conditions

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

4.2 Symbol for the Chemical Composition

4.3 Rounding-Off Procedure

8. Technical Delivery Conditions

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

4.2 Symbol for the Chemical Composition

4.3 Rounding-Off Procedure

8. Technical Delivery Conditions

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

4.2 Symbol for the Chemical Composition

4.3 Rounding-Off Procedure

8. Technical Delivery Conditions

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

4.2 Symbol for the Chemical Composition

4.3 Rounding-Off Procedure

8. Technical Delivery Conditions

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

Solid wire ISO 24034— ERTi-5

Solid wire ISO 24034— ERTi-5 (TiAl6V4B)

Where, for the two examples:

AWS A5.16/A5.16M:2013 (ISO 24034:2010 MOD)

A2. Alloy Group 01