Capacity Building of SRG for Quality
Education ( NISHTHA)
Preschool Education
•
Department of Elementary Education
NCERT New Delhi
Learning Objectives:
At the end of this theme you will be able to:
Define Preschool education
Describe the need and importance of Preschool education
Describe the Pedagogy used in Preschool Education
Understand the importance of planning activities and experiences for
holistic development of the child through play -based
developmentally appropriate activities
Demonstrate an understanding of assessment in Preschool Education
Outline the Role of Parents in Preschool Education
Describe how linkages can be made with Primary schools for smooth
transitions
Activity 1
Share the memories of your childhood days (one
pleasant and the one not so pleasant).
Let’s listen to each other and see how the memories
leave a lifelong impact.
Do you recall/remember any stories /rhymes learnt in
your early years even now as adults.
So YOU have seen how important are the first five
years! …
Impetus for Preschool Education
Sustainable Development Goal (Target 4.2)
Inclusion of two years of Preschool Education under Samagra
Shiksha, 2017
NCF 2005
National ECCE Policy 2013
National ECCE curriculum Framework (2013 MWCD)
The National Policy on Education(NPE), 1986
The Preschool Curriculum (NCERT 2018)
Guidelines for Preschool Education (NCERT 2018)
Availability of
Preschool
Education
Anganwadis
Government Private NGOs
under ICDS
Schools Preschools
What is Preschool Education ?
• First stage of organised joyful
education providing strong
foundation for all round
development and life-long learning
and preparing the child for school
• Any setting imparting preschool
education to the children between
3-6 years (referred by any
nomenclatures such as anganwadi,
balwadi, nursery, preschool,
preparatory, pre-primary, LKG, UKG
etc.)
Why Invest in Quality Preschool
Education?
Human Rights
Scientific Rationale
Economic Benefits
Social Equity
Achieve National and International Goals
Human Rights
Convention on the Rights of the Child
(CRC) – Most ratified convention 1989
Children have the Right to survive and
to thrive
Scientific Rationale:-Evidence from the
Neuroscience
Quality Preschool Education is a
Smart Investment
Economic Benefits
Prevention is less expensive than Treatment
Preventive care reduces costs of health care
throughout life
Investment in quality preschool education :-
prepares the child for the school and costs less
than high dropout and repetition rates leads to
increased workplace productivity.
Social Equity
Early Interventions help disadvantaged groups
most
In India , ICDS offers six important services:
Health Check up
Nutrition and health Education
Immunization
Care for pregnant and lactating mothers
Supplementary Nutrition,
Preschool non formal Education
Achieve National and International
Goals
A holistic approach is key in meeting development targets
Global Movement for Young Children
Sustainable Development Goal (Target 4.2)
Inclusion of two years of Preschool Education under
Samagra Shiksha, 2017
ENSURING A SMART START FOR EVERY CHILD
Developmental Areas
6-8 YEARS
SMOOTH
3-6 YEARS TRANSITI
PLAY AND TO EARLY
DEVELOPMENT PRIMARY
ALLY GRADES AND
APPROPRIATE LEARNING
PRACTICES
FORMAL 3 R’s
FOR
IN ACTIVITY
PRESCHOOL
EDUCATION METHOD,
& STRESS- HEALTH,
FREE SCHOOL WELL BEING
READINESS, N’
HEALTH, NUTRITION
HYGIENE &
NUTRIION
Pedagogy of Preschool Education
How Children Learn ?
Children learn in an Asking and Answering
emotionally supportive and questions- e.g., “ But Why”
Exploring and Observing
stimulating environment Listening to Sounds,
making Sounds and
Singing
Experimenting with
textures, objects and
materials
Expressing feelings and
ideas, Responding to voices
Creating and Constructing
Solving problems
Pointing to pictures in
books, Choosing books to
read
Doing things that stimulate
their Senses
It is possible only if you are motivated
and willing !
Classroom can be
divided into different
Activity/ Interest
Areas equipped with
play materials where
children explore and
enjoy Free Play !
If Space is constraint,
provide Activity
Areas on rotation or
temporary basis
Use Low cost /No cost material to equip
the activity areas and Create Literacy
Rich Environment
Suggestive Activities for Motor Development
Large Muscle Development
Running, Jumping, Walking, Throwing,
Catching , balancing, Music and
Movement, etc.
Fine Motor Development
(eye-hand coordination)
Threading beads, Block building,
Tearing and pasting, etc.
Health, Hygiene and Nutrition
Suggestive Activities for Socio-Emotional Development
Practice sharing and turn-
taking during daily routines
(snack, circle time).
Creating small groups of
mixed-age children to read a
book together.
Adding materials/books for
Pretend play
Creating personalized social
stories
Playing games where children
have to listen carefully to each
other (e.g., Simon Says).
Activities for S–E Deve (continue..)
Including play materials that involve children working
together (construction, water and sand play toys, etc.)
Model talking about one’s own emotions and supporting
children when they share their feelings.
Arranging Activity/Interest areas so that three-four
children can play together
Providing developmentally appropriate materials that
promote social interactions (e.g., dolls & dress-up clothes,
blocks, balls, puppets, toy cars, and board games).
Suggestive Activities for Creative
Development
Music and
Movement
Art and Craft
Dramatic play
Drawing, Coloring,
Scribbling
Clay Modeling
Sand play
Water play
Activities for Creative Development
( cont..)
Going for a nature walk to collect materials to create art
Using role play, rhymes,and movement to act out things from
daily life. It could be animals, mothers, fathers, community
helpers or whatever your children likes or whatever is the
theme the class is following.
Acting out roles from a favorite story with movements or
sounds.
Encouraging children to march, roll, stamp, hop, slide and
run,dance. Play some music to get children move or come up
with new actions.
Suggestive Activities for Language and Early Literacy
Free Talking Time and teacher
initiated conversation
Listening to Stories , Singing
Rhymes and Songs, Creating
Story, Read aloud, Shared
reading, Looking at Pictures,
Picture Reading
Acting Out ,Role play,
Games for Phonological Story Telling:- using an age appropriate
awareness : Rhyming games- eg.,‘ Picture Story Book and moving the index
What other words sound like finger beneath the text from left to right
car?’
Opportunities for drawing,
scribbling, mark making, writing
Activities for early literacy ( continue..)
Use different times in daily routine and opportunities to
encourage children to learn. Example :Writing a shopping
list in front of children, playing a rhyming game or reading
a story and asking questions etc
Word games to learn sounds. E.g., ‘I spy with my little eye
something beginning with f-f-f.What do you think I’m looking at
that starts with that sound?’.
Encouraging children to turn the pages .Use your finger to
guide children’s eyes from left to right across the page as you
read, and point out certain words or phrases.
Suggestive Activities for Environmental Awareness,
Scientific thinking, Math readiness/ Early Math
Provide opportunities for play and explore materials
Asking open-ended questions: “Why do you think so?”,
What do you think is happening here?" Tell me why you
think that ?”
Helping children develop hypotheses:- “what do you think
will happen?" or "Let's predict what we think will happen
next.”
Critical thinking :Asking questions like, "What other ideas
could we we think?" or "Let’s think of all the possible
alternatives solutions."
continue…
sorting leaves, seeds, objects etc
seriating /ordering from biggest to
smallest; dark to light…
retelling the familiar story in
sequence;repeating the given pattern and
extending it further ( flower-leaf-flower-
leaf..?)
Clapping and Counting; Touch and Count
completing puzzles and maze
memory games
activities for development of basic concepts
such as colour, shape, vegetables, fruits,
transport etc.
Assessment in Preschool Education
Observing the progress of children’s learning and
development-what they already know and how can they
be supported in advancing their learning
Identification of developmental delays, special
educational needs and potential or abilities
Teacher self-assessment for programme modification
How Assessment should be Done ?
Continuous and Comprehensive
Observing children as they are engaged in play in small groups and noting
how they are working with / handling the materials; how they are interacting
with peers and so on.
Writing anecdotal/ observation notes
Keeping sample of children’s work in portfolio
Checklists, Rating scales
Photographs, Video clips
Developing Rubrics
Maintaining Health cards and Child profile
Involving Parent and Community
Creating a school
environment that support
parent involvement
Involving Parents as a
Resource in Preschools
Organizing PTMs/
Workshops
Meeting Parents informally
when they come to drop or
pick, or occasionally
Creating Parent Resource
center
Linkages between Preschool and Primary
Education
for Smooth Transition
A Day’s Schedule:- A Sample
30 minutes Welcome, warming up activities, Teacher directed large Group activity
cleanliness checkup
30 minutes Free play in Activity/Areas Child-Initiated small group activity
15 minutes Circle Time : Free conversation Teacher guided large group activity
15minutes Guided conversation Teacher guided in large group
30 minutes Numeracy Activity Teacher guided and child initiated
30 minutes Writing Readiness/Early literacy/Art Child Initiated
Activities
30 minutes Snack Time (Hand washing 10 minutes before and
10 minutes after snacks
30 minutes Outdoor play Child initiated and teacher guided
30 minutes Story Making Child initiated, teacher guided
10 minutes Good bye Circle Large group activity, Teacher guided
Some Priorities
Parent and Community Awareness and partnerships.
Strengthening Training in Preschool Education and also
involving Grade -1 & 2 teachers and provision of Story
books , Play/learning materials etc.
Development of resource/learning materials for teachers
and children
Incorporating school readiness activities in the preschool
curriculum
Group Work : Sit in 6-7 groups.
Activity 1 : Plan one activity for each domain for preschool
children and share what children will learn through the
activity.
Activity 2 : Write at least 3 of each literacy and numeracy
activities (games, stories, rhymes) and creative activities for
Preschool Children.
Activity 3 : Discuss in a group about how preschool
education can be linked with early primary classes. Suggest at
least 3 strategies for strong linkages between the two.
Please look through our list of resource
books on ECE for additional ideas
available at NCERT sales counter with
Publication Division and on NCERT
website
Publications by NCERT in ECE
Har Bachha Aham Every Child Matters—A
Little Steps handbook on quality ECE
Trainer’s handbook in Theme Based Early
ECCE Childhood Education
Early childhood education
programme
programme Khel –Khel mein
Readiness activities for the Guidelines in ECCE
Beginners ( volume I & II) Smooth and Successful
Young Children in Motion transitions
DARPAN
Poorv Prathmik Shiksha –Ek
parichai
