Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

INRODUCTION
Rationale of the study
The world is today celebrating the improvements in communication
technology which has broadened the scope of communication through
information
and communication technologies ( ICTs). Modern technology in communication
no
doubt has turned the entire world into a “Global Village”. But as it is, Technology
like two sides of a coin, bring with it both negative and positive sides. It helps
people to be better informed, enlightened, and keeping abreast with world
developments. Technology exposes mankind to a better way of doing things.
Social networking sites include: Twitter, Yahoo Messenger, Facebook
Messenger,
Blackberry messenger (BBM), Whats app Messenger, 2go Messenger, Skype,
Google talk, Google Messenger, Iphone and Androids. This networking sites are
used by most people to interact with old and new friends, Physical or internet
friends (Asemah and Edegoh 2012). The world has been changed rapidly by the
evolution of technology this has resulted into the use of technology as the best
medium to explore the wide area of knowledge.
The evolution of internet technology has lead to its use as the best Medium
for communication whereby, two-third of the world’s internet population visits
social
networking blogging sites, Thus serving as a communication and connection tool.
Social networking sites (SNSs) are online communities of internet users who
want
communicate with other user about areas of mutual interest, whether from a
person business or academic perspective (William, boyd, Densten, chin,
Diamond
and Morgenthaler 2009). The millions of social networking sites have
transformed
the thought of global village into a reality whereby billions of people communicate
through social networking sites. Numerous benefits have been obtained through
distant communication through the use of social networking sites.
Academic excellence or achievement plays an important role in an individual
placement, be it in the academic institutions or job placement. Due to this, many
people are concerned with the ways they can enhance their academic
achievement. The emphasis on academic excellence which is also prevalent
worldwide has encouraged many studies about the conditions promoting it. The
role of academic achievement as one of the predictors of one’s life success and
also in the aspect of academic placement in schools to higher institutions as well
as the level of employability in one’s career is inevitable (Kyoshaba, 2009).
Academic performance, which is measured by the examination results, is one of
the major goals of a school. Hoyle (1986) argued that schools are
established
with the aim of imparting knowledge and skills to those who go through them
and
behind all this is the idea of enhancing good academic performance.

Significance of the Study

The purpose of this study was to showed a positive impact on students'
Thus,
this study shows that social media serves as a dynamic tool to expedite the
development of students in Don Andress Soriano National High school
(DASNHS), encouraging collaboration, group discussion, and the exchange of
ideas between students that reinforce their learning behavior and performance.
Teachers, This study will help the teachers of the school to know the
influence that the social media has on their students, so as to assist them to
enlighten and create awareness to the student on the possible influence it has on
them.
Students, The study will enable the students of the senior level so that they
will be aware that, apart from the social benefits of this social networking site,
using
the sites more than necessary will pose possible danger to their health. It will be
relevant in assisting students in understanding the diversity of social media.

Parents, the sense that they will know the possible effects these
Social media usage has on their children, so as to serve as watch-dog to their
children on the usage of social networking site.
Researcher, It will provide relevance material for students and other
researchers undertaking similar research. The study will help researcher with
more
information on the Influence of social media on student’s academic performance.
Future researchers, future study should no limit the participants. This
would
also give them new ideas that would help in improving expanding their study.

Scope and delimitation

The study was conducted to assess social media for academic performance.
Sixty (60) students who are actively using social media are the respondents of
the
study. The study limited only on variables of social media that the researchers
assumed that has effects of respondents’ academic performance. These
variables
are respondents ’access to internet, usage, perception on social media, and their
frequency of using it.
Research Hyphothesis
The following hypothesis are generated by the researcher and was tested in this
study:
1. Student’s addictiveness to social network has no significant influence on
their academic performance.
2. Student’s exposure to social media network has no significant influence on
student’s academic performace.
3. Use of social media do no significantly influence on the academic
performance of the student’s in Don Andress Soriano National High
School.
4. There is no significant difference between male and female student usage
of social media network.

5. Age does not have significant influence on the use of social media.
 Chapter 2

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
Theoretical Framework
According to Komba, Hizza, and Jonathan (2013), students’ academic
performance refers to the accomplishment of a given task that is measured
against predetermined standards of accuracy, completeness, cost, and speed.
(Shanza, 2020) stated that academic performance is the extent to which a
student, teacher or institution has achieved their short or long-term educational
goals. In line with this, Yunlok (2010), defined academic performance as the
knowledge and skills that students have mastered in a subject or a course. It’s
basically a measure of how well students have performed in the various
assessment items set for them based on some educational criteria determined by
professional educators. Through students' performance in the assessment items
such as essays, tests, viva, and examinations, students’ performance are
determined in ranking as to the educational standards that they have reached —
pass, credit, distinction, high distinction and so on.
Students’ academic performance has moved to a different dimension since the
introduction of these social media networks and several studies have affirmed
that social media plays an important role on students in higher education
including the study conducted by Wheeler, Yeomans and Wheeler (2018); Rifkin,
Longenecker, Leach and Ortia (2019). In their study, they recognized four (4)
major advantages of social media usage by students in higher education which
included; enhancing relationship, improving learning motivation, offering
personalized course material, and developing collaborative abilities. Indeed,
social media has contributed greatly to facilitating learning in the 21st century. It
is shown that a greater percentage of students including those at the PhD level
commonly use social media to ameliorate their studies (Khan, 2010). The
answers to the causes of flexible studies today across the globe might not be far-
fetched from the great contribution that social media platforms are providing
when used judiciously.
The circle shapes shows the title of the research study which is “Social Media
And Academic Performance: A Correlational Study“. Then in the box shows the
two theories used as bases by the researchers in coming up with this research
study. In the third one, the researchers brought back their statement of the
problem that mention their participant profile according age, gender, as
well as all the main questions that their research study needs to answer. Lastly,
on the last box the main goal of the study is mention to clearly state what are the
main objectives or this study which is to identify what are the positive and
negative learning attitudes developed by student and
what are the strategies in order to still have a
better academic performances.
Social media and
Academic Performance:

A Correlational Study”
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Based on the Smartphone Addiction Scale (Kwon et al., 2013), studies
using smartphones on students to understand the link between addictedness and
usage usually divide them into two groups (potential addicts and non-addicts).
Lee et al. (2014) tested it on 95 students before asking them to install the Smart
Logger software, which records particular events linked to their phone activities,
such as touch, text input, and active/inactive events. The extracted patterns show
that addict risk groups spent more incredible time on their applications, with a
preference for those that provided momentary pleasure, such as entertainment.
For example, Lee et al. (2017) had 35 students download an app that tracked
their smartphone usage for six weeks. According to the findings, while chat apps

Cognitive Consistency Theory

Students attitude toward social media and academic performance

were the most popular across both categories, addicts overwhelmingly favored
social media apps. In reality mining, students are also the primary sample (Eagle
& Pentland, 2006). In terms of social media, the Copenhagen Networks Study
(Stopczynski et al., 2014) gathers data on 1,000 students by combining
smartphone data with face-to-face interactions and Facebook usage; however,
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents
these data are not correlated with academic success.
1.1 age;
In terms of academic achievement, the Smart PA study (Wang et al., 2015)
used data from the Student Life study1.2 (Wang
gender;et al., 2014), which looked at the
impact of workload on several mental and physical aspects of students' lives,
1.3 average hours per week in social media engagement and
such as mood and sociability, in a class of 48 students over a ten-week term, to
show that there is evidence 1.4of a link between
academic performancegrades and behavior. Even though
( First Quarter)
this type of data was acquired, Wang et al. (2015) did not consider social media
2. What is the percentage of the researcher respondents in terms of the following indicators:
usage while analyzing their impact on students' careers. According to
sociological research, there is a destructive relationship between social media
2.1 communication
use and academic performance. For example, Rosen et al. (2013) looked into the
2.2 accomplishing academic task and
behavior and study environments of 263 students from various educational
levels, such as middle school, high 2.3school,
buildingand university.
relationship

Students
3. is there werecorrelation
a significant observed for 15theminutes,
between andengagement
level of time their on-task and and
in internet off-task
academic
conduct was recorded every minute. performance?Students become distracted in less than 6
minutes on average before turning to technology distractions like social media
4. based on the finding of the study, what are the proposed strategies on proper engagement and
and texting. Junco (2012) investigated the relationship between Facebook use
utilization of internet connection?
and academic achievement by polling 1839 college students about their
Facebook usage and compared it to their grades. According to the findings, there
is a negative relationship between time spent on Facebook and grades. In
comparison to other activities such as studying or attending classes, it appears
that social media provides students with immediate enjoyment (Jacobsen &
Forste, 2011
 REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES

Using cell phones, like social media, has a negative impact on academic
achievement (Al-Barashdi et al., 2015); in fact, social media is becoming
increasingly synonymous with smartphone usage. Because of its pervasiveness
and connection, social networks can be utilized to predict smartphone addiction
in users, according to (Jeong et al., 2016). These capabilities of smartphones
encourage multitasking (Lepp et al., 2015) or using social media while doing
something else, which reduces the amount of time available for academic tasks.
Lepp et al. (2015) conducted a study of US college students to assess their self-
efficacy and self-regulation, i.e., how well they believe they can achieve their
objectives and how well they can regulate and manage themselves when using
smartphones. Students with poor self-control were found to have the most
harmful effects from smartphone use on their academic performance; in terms of
demographics, Al-Barashdi et al. (2015) claim that gender and field of study can
be used to predict addiction. According to their evaluation of the literature, male
and humanities students are more vulnerable to smartphone addiction.