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SOCIAL WORK Services, Processes, and Methods

The social work process involves assessment, planning, intervention, evaluation, and termination when working with clients. It follows a problem-solving framework originating from Helen Harris Perlman. Assessment involves collecting information from primary and secondary sources to understand the client and their problem. Planning translates the assessment into goals and actions. Intervention implements the plan. Evaluation continuously assesses objectives, plans, and the problem definition. Termination transfers or refers the client when services end. Social work methods include casework, group work, community organization, research, and administration. The overall aim is to help clients achieve change and improve their quality of life.

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Ian Jay Macaraeg
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220 views25 pages

SOCIAL WORK Services, Processes, and Methods

The social work process involves assessment, planning, intervention, evaluation, and termination when working with clients. It follows a problem-solving framework originating from Helen Harris Perlman. Assessment involves collecting information from primary and secondary sources to understand the client and their problem. Planning translates the assessment into goals and actions. Intervention implements the plan. Evaluation continuously assesses objectives, plans, and the problem definition. Termination transfers or refers the client when services end. Social work methods include casework, group work, community organization, research, and administration. The overall aim is to help clients achieve change and improve their quality of life.

Uploaded by

Ian Jay Macaraeg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOCIAL WORK

Services, Processes,
and methods
SOCIAL WORK PROCESS

WHAT ARE THE SOCIAL WORK


PROCESS?
WHAT ARE THE SOCIAL WORK
PROCESS?

LIKE ANY OTHER HELPING


PROFESSIONS, SOCIAL WORKS
FOLLOWS A HELPING PROCESS WITH
WORKING WITH SPECIFIC CLIENTS.
ACCORDING TO HELEN HARRIS
PERLMAN, IT IS KNOWN TO BE THE
ORIGINATOR OF THE PROBLEM-SOLVING
FRAMEWORK IN THE SOCIAL WORK
PROFESSION. PERLMAN (1957)
PRESENTED A SERIES OF PROBLEM-
SOLVING OPERATIONS SUMMARIZE AS
FOLLOWS:
A) STUDY- THE FACTS WHICH
CONSTITUTE A BEAR UPON THE
PROBLEM MUST BE ASCERTAINED
AND GRASPED.
B) DIAGNOSIS- THE FACTS MUST BE
THOUGHT ABOUT.
C) TREATMENT- IT IS THE END RESULT
OF THE CONSIDERATION OF THE
PARTICULAR FACTS WITH THE
INTENTION OF RESOLVING THE
PROBLEM.
BEGINNING MIDDLE ENDING

ASSESSMENT INTERVENTION OR PLAN


IMPLEMENTATION EVALUATION
PLANNING TERMINATION
ASSESSMENT
ACCORDING TO MAX SIPORIN, IT
DEFINES AS A PROCESS AND A PRODUCT
OF UNDERSTANDING OF WHICH ACTION
IS BASED. THIS INVOLVES THE
COLLECTION NECESSARY INFORMATION,
ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION TO
REACH AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE
CLIENT, THE PROBLEM AND THE SOCIAL
CONTEXT IN WHICH IT EXISTS.
IN GATHERING, VARIOUS SOURCES ARE
AVAILABLE FROM WHICH RELEVANT
INFORMATION CAN BE OBTAINED TO
HAVE AN ACCURATE DEFINITION OF THE
CLIENT’S PROBLEM. THESE ARE THE
FOLLOWING:
PRIMARY SOURCE: THE CLIENT
(WEHTER AN INDIVIDUAL, GROUP, OR A
COMMUNITY) IS THE PRIMARY SOURCE
OF THE DATA.
SECONDARY SOURCE: THE
SIGNIFICANCE OTHERS WITH WHOM
THE CLIENTS HAS PERSONAL
RELATIONSHIP. THESE INCLUDE THE
PARENTS, SIBLING, RELATIVES AND
FRIENDS IN CASE THE CLIENTS IS AN
INDIVIDUAL.
EXISTING DATA: THESE CAN BE RECORDS OR
REPORTS FROM OTHER PROFESSIONALS (EG.
PHYSICIANS, TEACHERS, PSYCHOLOGISTS,
ETC.)
WORKERS OBSERVATION: THE WORKER HAS
THE OPPORTUNITY TO OBSERVE THE CLIENTS
THROUGH THE LATTER’S INTERACTION AND
RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHERS. IN CASE OF
COMMUNITIES OBSERVATION THROUGH
SEEING AND EXPERIENCING THE PHYSICAL
CONDITION, ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES,
COMMUNICATION INTERACTION, RESOURCES,
CULTURE AND TRADITION ARE VERY
ESSENTIAL IN IDENTIFYING THE PROBLEM
PLANNING
PLANNING IS THE LINK BETWEEN
ASSESSMENT AND INTERVENTION AND ITS
PROCESS TRANSLATE THE CONTENT OF
ASSESSMENT INTO A GOAL STATEMENT
THAT DESCRIBES THE DESIRED RESULTS
AND IS CONCERNED WITH IDENTIFYING THE
MEANS TO REACH THE GOALS. IT ALLOWS
THE WORKER WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF
THE CLIENT, STATE HIS/HER PROBLEM TO
GIVE SOLUTIONS.
PLANNING INVOLVES TWO MAJOR
TASKS: FORMULATING GOALS THAT
DIRECTLY RELATES WITH CLIENTS
PROBLEM AND DEFINING THE SPECIFIC
ACTIONS OR INTERVENTIONS THAT ARE
NECESSARY IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE THE
GOALS.
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION HAS A LOT OF TERM IN SOCIAL
WORK LITERATURE WHICH INCLUDE: ACTION,
PLAN IMPLEMENTATION, AND TREATMENT

EVALUATION
IN SOCIAL WORK IT IS CONTINUOUS PROCESS
OF GATHERING INFORMATION WHICH CAN BE
UTILIZE IN AN ONGOING REASSESSMENT OF
OBJECTIVES, INTERVENTION PLANS, AND
EVEN THE PROBLEM DEFINITION WHICH IS
REFFERED TO AS ONGOING EVALUATION.
EVALUATION IN SOCIAL WORK CAN BE
DONE IN TWO LEVELS:
1. ON THE LEVEL ON DIRECT PRACTICE
WITH CLIENTS: AND
2. ON THE LEVEL OF PROGRAM
IMPLEMENTATION.
EVALUATION IN SOCIAL WORK CAN BE
DONE IN TWO LEVELS:
1. ON THE LEVEL ON DIRECT PRACTICE
WITH CLIENTS: AND
2. ON THE LEVEL OF PROGRAM
IMPLEMENTATION.
TERMINATION
THERE TWO TERMS USED IN RELATION TO THE
TERMINATION OF THE CLIENT- WORKER
RELATIONSHIP- TRANSFER AND REFERRAL.
TRANSFER IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH A
CLIENT IS REFERRED BY HIS/HER SOCIAL
WORKER TO ANOTHER WORKER. REFERRAL IS
THE ACT OF DIRECTING A CLIENT TO
ANOTHER WORKER AGENCY BECAUSE THE
SERVICE THAT THE CLIENT NEED IS BEYOND
THE PRESENT AGENCY WORKERS
COMPETENCE, OF THE CLIENT’S NEED
ADDITIONAL SERVICES WHICH THE CURRENT
AGENCY CANNOT PROVIDE.
TERMINATION
THERE TWO TERMS USED IN RELATION TO THE
TERMINATION OF THE CLIENT- WORKER
RELATIONSHIP- TRANSFER AND REFERRAL.
TRANSFER IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH A
CLIENT IS REFERRED BY HIS/HER SOCIAL
WORKER TO ANOTHER WORKER. REFERRAL IS
THE ACT OF DIRECTING A CLIENT TO
ANOTHER WORKER AGENCY BECAUSE THE
SERVICE THAT THE CLIENT NEED IS BEYOND
THE PRESENT AGENCY WORKERS
COMPETENCE, OF THE CLIENT’S NEED
ADDITIONAL SERVICES WHICH THE CURRENT
AGENCY CANNOT PROVIDE.
METHODS OF SOCIAL WORK

1. SOCIAL CASE WORK- IS A HELPING


PROCESS THAT CONSIST OF A VARIETY OF
ACTIVITIES LIKE GIVING OF A MATERIAL
ASSISTANCE, RENDERING EMOTIONAL AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT THROUGH
SENSITIVE LISTENING, EXPRESSION OF
ACCEPTANCE, MAKING SUGGESTIONS,
ADVISING, ENCOURAGING THE INDIVIDUALS
TO EXPRESS HIS/HER FEELING.
MAJOR CASEWORK PROCESS OR
TECHNIQUES NAMELY:
a) ENVIRONMENTAL MODIFICATION
b) PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT
c) CLARIFICATION
d) INSIGHT DEVELOPMENT
2. SOCIAL GROUP WORK- IS A METHOD BY
WHICH MEMBER IN MANY GROUP IN
VARIOUS COMMUNITY AGENCY SETTINGS
ARE HELPED BY A WORKER WHO GUIDES
THEIR INTERACTIONS IN PROGRAM
ACTIVITIES DESIGNED FOR THEM TO
RELATE THEMSELVES TO OTHER
EXPERIENCE GROUP OPPORTUNITIES IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE NEEDS
CAPABILITIES TOWARD INDIVIDUAL, GROUP,
AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT (TREKKER
1965).
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION, ACCORDING
TO DUNHAM (1970) THIS IS A CONSCIOUS
PROCESS OF SOCIAL INTERACTION AND A
METHOD OF SOCIAL WORK. COX. ET AL.
(1979) PRESENTED THREE MODELS OF
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION PRACTICES
AND THESE ARE:
LOCALTY DEVELOPMENT
COMMUNITY PLANNING
SOCIAL ACTION
4. SOCIAL WORK RESEARCH- INVOLVES
A CRITICAL INQUIRY AND THE
SCIENTIFIC TESTING OF THE VALIDITY
OF THE SOCIAL WORK ORGANIZATION,
FUNCTIONS, AND METHODS IN ORDER
TO VERIFY, GENERALIZE, AND EXTEND
SOCIAL WORK KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL.
5. SOCIAL WELFARE ADMIMISTRATION-
IS THE ADMINISTRATION OR
MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL AGENCIES
THAT IS ORIENTED TO AID PEOPLE
MORE EFFICIENTLY. THESE CAN BE
CATEGORIZED INTO SEVEN FUNCTION
NAMELY:
PLANNING, ORGANIZING, STAFFING,
DIRECTING, COORDINATION,
REPORTING, BUDGETING
5. SOCIAL WELFARE ADMIMISTRATION-
IS THE ADMINISTRATION OR
MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL AGENCIES
THAT IS ORIENTED TO AID PEOPLE
MORE EFFICIENTLY. THESE CAN BE
CATEGORIZED INTO SEVEN FUNCTION
NAMELY:
PLANNING, ORGANIZING, STAFFING,
DIRECTING, COORDINATION,
REPORTING, BUDGETING
SOCIAL WORK SERVICES
SOCIAL WORK SERVICES ARE DELIVERED BY
TEAMS OF SOCIAL WORKERS, WORKING
WITH INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS
EXPERIENCING SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL
DIFFICULTIES. THE AIM OF SOCIAL WORK IS
TO HELP PEOPLE ACHIEVE CHANGE AND
MAKE DECISIONS WHICH WILL IMPROVE
THEIR QUALITY OF LIFE. IT IS ALSO A
FUNCTION OF SOCIAL WORK TO IDENTIFY
OPTIONS AND SUPPORT STEPS TO ADVANCE
SOCIAL POLICY AND SERVICE DELIVERY.

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