NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FASHION TECHNOLOGY – DAMAN

FIBRE TO CONSUMER (IDM)

ASSIGNMENT - II

INDUSTRIAL VISIT REPORT

SUBMITTED TO - ANSHU CHOUDHARY

SUBMITTED BY - SMRITI N (MASTERS OF FASHION MANAGEMENT)

 PREFACE

Industrial visit make students understand the subject to its core. It also gives idea to students about their job profile
once they start working. Industrial visit in the entire field have same procedure where students are given introduction of
the particular organization, they are taken along to all departments, and thus in charge of particular one's explains about
it. Students are to note down everything about the fabric manufacturing process. Students were given assignment to
write about the visit.

This project has been prepared as a part of the NIFT course curriculum. The topic for this project "Fiber to
consumer", I found very interesting and educative. I gained knowledge about how the fabrics are made from
the yarn stage. A practical exposure of working in an industry; although for a brief period will however benefit
me in the long run. This experience will be treasured by me always.

Most of the people are trying to engage themselves in this sector. Before entering in this sector one should
have knowledge of an overview of how this industry and market operates. This project is carried out to
translate the theoretical knowledge practical field work in Alok industry.

Keeping this in mind, it is the matter of great privilege and satisfaction for me to present this report before the
readers. I am sure this attempt of presentation will bridge the gap between theory and practice.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To make a project of this magnitude is impossible without a dedicated effort and perfect guidance. We would like to
express our deep feeling of gratitude to the under mentioned officials for their assistant, guidance and inspiration
before and throughout the project.

I am highly thankful to the management & staff of Alok Industries Ltd. I am especially thankful to Mr. Manmohan, Head
HR Alok Ind. for helping me in my practical studies.

We would like to thank Prof. Dr. Jomichan Pattathil ( Director of NIFT - Daman), Dr. Tanmay Kandekar ( CAC of NIFT -
Daman ) and Mr. Vidhu Shekar P (Faculty of NIFT - Daman )for their kind support. Special thanks to Ms. Anshu
choudhary, our project faculty, for showing us a proper way to walk on, for providing help and guidance throughout the
project; she has always been the source of encouragement. She has ceaselessly guided us all in all the aspects of the
project, with his abundance amount of experience and finer ideas.

Working on the project needs hard work and concentration. It was possible as the support we received from those
around us. We thank to all the faculties of our college for giving us guidance, encouragement and right path to work on.
We thank everybody who has directly or indirectly helped us in the project to make it successful.
 INDEX

 INDUSTRIAL PROFILE
o INDUSTRIAL TEXTILE INDUSTRY
o WORLD TEXTILE MARKET

 COMPANY PROFILE

 COMPANY INFORMATION

 PRODUCT PROFILE

 SWOT ANALYSIS OF ALOK INDUSTRIES

 REPORT

 BIBILOGRAPHY
 INDUSTRIAL PROFILE

INDUSTRIAL TEXTILE INDUSTRY -

The Textile Sector in India ranks next to Agriculture. Textile is one of India’s oldest industries and has a formidable
presence in the national economy in as much as it contributes to about 14 per cent of manufacturing value-addition,
accounts for around one-third of our gross export earnings and provides gainful employment to millions of people. The
textile industry occupies a unique place in our country. One of the earliest to come into existence in India, it accounts for
14% of the total Industrial production, contributes to nearly 30% of the total exports and is the second largest
employment generator after agriculture.

Textile Industry is providing one of the most basic needs of people and the holds importance; maintaining sustained
growth for improving quality of life. It has a unique position as a self-reliant industry, from the production of raw
materials to the delivery of finished products, with substantial value-addition at each stage of processing; it is a major
contribution to the country's economy. This paper deals with structure, growth and size of the Indian textile industry,
role of textile industry in economy, key advantages of the industry, textile industry export and global scenario and
strength, weakness, opportunities and treats of the Indian textile industry.

WORLD TEXTILE MARKET -

In Today's world, Textile industry is flourishing and expanding at high speed technology. The textile or Garment
industry’s main goal is modern stylish design and production of Fiber, Yarn, Fabrics, Garment, Apparel and their supply
and distribution Here we listed some famous and reputed textile business companies from all over world. You can sort
them by countries and get data access of global textile industry. Apparel and garment sector has large numbers of
suppliers from China, USA, UK, UAE, South Africa, Canada and other Asian countries. Fiber raw material suppliers and
exporters from global textile industry yarn manufacturers, garment retailers and wholesalers, textile machinery traders
and etc. Textile info media is one portal where you can get all leading textile mills across the globe. Register now your
business and get access to world class global textile industry portal.
 COMPANY PROFILE

Alok Industries Limited is an integrated textile manufacturer with operations in both cotton & polyester value chain. The
Company is primarily engaged in the business of textile manufacturing including mending and packing activities. It has
global retailers brands reputed garment manufacturer and traders. Apart from this it has 4 manufacturing locations in
Silvassa , Vapi , Navi Mumbai and Bhiwandi.

COMPANY INFORMATION

Location: Survey No. 148/149/150, Morai, Morai - Vatar, Road, Salvav, Vapi, Gujarat 396191

Independent Chairman & Board Member: Surinder Bhoan

Co-Founder, Joint Managing Director & Board Member: Surendra Jiwrajka

Awards: The company was awarded Silver Trophy for fabric exports and Bronze Trophy for made-ups exports by
Texpocil for the financial year 2006. Also they got award from the All India Exporters Chambers in recognition of role
played by the company in the development of exports of made ups. They have got Certificate of Excellence by Kohi's
Department Stores for partnership and teamwork. They have also got Supima license for use of their cotton in
manufacture of woven and knitted fabrics.

Board of directors:

 Siddharth, Chairman of the Board (Non-Executive, Independent Director)

 Mumtaz Bandukwala (Non-Executive, Independent Director)
 Rahul Dutt (Non-Executive, Independent Director)
 Hemant Desai (Non-Executive, Non Independent Director)
 Anil Kumar Rajbanshi (Non-Executive, Non Independent Director)
 V. Ramachandran (Non-Executive, Non Independent Director)
 Nirav Parekh (Non-Executive, Non Independent Director
Vision: To be the world's best integrated textile enterprise, driven by research & innovation, with a leadership position
across products & markets, while exceeding customer & stakeholder expectations. The barometer of our success would
be the ROCE.

Mission:

 Be a knowledge leader & an innovator in our business

 Maximise people :development initiatives
 Optimise use of all resources
 Become a process driven organisation
 Exceed compliance and global quality standards
 Actively explore potential market & products
 Offer innovative, customised and value-added services to our customers
 Be an ethical, transparent and responsible global organization

Established year: Alok was established in 1986 as a private limited company, with our first polyester texturising plant
being set up in 1989. They became a public limited company in 1993.

Units:

In the year 1994 the company expanded the weaving

capacity to 50 cimmco looms in Thane and texturising
capacity of 3 Nos Texturising machines in Silvasaa. In
the year 1996 they set up Knitting Division at Silvassa
with 8 Machines and state-of-the-art eco-friendly
Process House at Navi Mumbai. In the year 1998 the
company modernised and expanded the weaving
division with 24 Sulzer Projectile Looms at Silvassa and
in the next year they further expanded to 28 Sulzer
Projectile Looms. Also they completed the
modernisation and expansion of weaving project with
88 Air Jet/ Rapier Sulzer Looms at Silvassa in the year
2002 and the processing project with 2 Stenters at Vapi
in the year 2003.

In the same year they set up a Garment Unit at Navi

mumbai with 100 Stitching Machines.In the year 2004
the company expanded the Texturising capacity to 30
machines Knitting capacity to 40 machines and Weaving
capacity to 170 Air Jet/ Rapier Looms. The Terry Towel
project which was part of Phase I & II was
commissioned during the year 2009
Market share:

Its today's share price is 14.9. Its current market capitalisation stands at Rs 7398.21 Cr. In the latest quarter,
company has reported Gross Sales of Rs. 71868.2 Cr and Total Income of Rs.71912.4 Cr. The company's
management includes Hitesh Kanani, Nirav Parekh, V Ramachandran, Anil Rajbanshi, Hemant Desai, Rahul
Dutt, Mumtaz Bandukwala, A Siddharth. It is listed on the BSE with a BSE Code of 521070 , NSE with an NSE
Symbol of ALOKINDS and ISIN of INE270A01029. It's Registered office is at 17 / 5 / 1 , 521 / 1,Village Rakholi /
Saily, Silvassa-396230, Dadra & Nagar Haveli. Their Registrars are K FIN Technologies Ltd.-(Karvy Fintech Pvt
Ltd.) It's auditors are Deloitte Haskins & Sells, Deloitte Haskins & Sells LLP, Deloittee Haskins & Sells, Gandhi &
Parekh, Mahesh Gandhi & Co, NBS & Co, Shah Gupta & Co, SRBC & Co L
 PRODUCT PROFILE

An Alok industry offers:

 Accessories

 Apparel fabric
 Corrugated pallets

 Cotton And Blended Yarn

 Embroidery
 Garments – Woven and knitted

 Home textiles
 Polyester

 Technical Textiles/Work Wear Fabric

 SWOT ANALYSIS OF ALOK INDUSTRIES

Strengths are the firm's capabilities and resources that it can use to design, develop, and sustain competitive advantage
in the marketplace

- Talent management at Alok Industries and skill development of the employees - Human resources are integral to the
success of Alok Industries in Apparel/Accessories industry.

- High margins compare to Apparel/Accessories industry's competitors - Even though Alok Industries is facing downward
pressure on profitability, compare to competitors it is still racking in higher profit margins.

- Market Leadership Position and first mover advantage - Alok Industries has a strong market leadership position in the
Apparel/Accessories industry. It has helped the company to rapidly scale new products successes and in the increasingly
crowded market place. The new products are rapidly increasing Alok Industries market share in the Apparel/Accessories
industry.

- Strong brand recognition - Alok Industries products have strong brand recognition in the Apparel/Accessories industry.
This has enabled the company to charge a premium compare to its competitors in Apparel/Accessories industry.

- Track record of innovation - Even though most players in the Consumer Cyclical strive to innovate, Alok Industries has
successful record at consumer driven innovation.

Weaknesses of Alok Industries can either be absence of strengths or resources of capabilities that are required but at
present the organization doesn't have. Decision makers have to be certain if the weakness is present because of lack of
strategic planning or as a result of strategic choice.

- Loyalty among suppliers is low - Given the history of Alok Industries coming up with new innovations to drive down
prices in the supply chain.

- Low investments into Alok Industries's customer oriented services - This can lead to competitors gaining advantage in
near future. Alok Industries needs to increase investment into research and development especially in customer services
oriented applications.

- Extra cost of building new supply chain and logistics network - Internet and Artificial Intelligence has significantly
altered the business model in the Consumer Cyclical industry and given the decreasing significance of the dealer
network Alok Industries has to build a new robust supply chain network. That can be extremely expensive.

- High cost of replacing existing experts within the Alok Industries. Few employees are responsible for the Alok
Industries's knowledge base and replacing them will be extremely difficult in the present conditions.

- Declining market share of Alok Industries with increasing revenues - the Apparel/Accessories industry is growing faster
than the company. In such a scenario Alok Industries has to carefully analyze the various trends within the Consumer
Cyclical sector and figure out what it needs to do to drive future growth.
Opportunities are potential areas where the firm chan identify potential for - growth, profits, and market share.

- Opportunities in Online Space - Increasing adoption of online services by customers will also enable Alok Industries to
provide new offerings to the customers in Apparel/Accessories industry.

- Accelerated technological innovations and advances are improving industrial productivity, allowing suppliers to
manufacture vast array of products and services. This can help Alok Industries to significantly venture into adjacent
products.

- Lower inflation rate - The low inflation rate bring more stability in the market, enable credit at lower interest rate to
the customers of Alok Industries. This will increase the consumption of Alok Industries products.

- Rapid Expansion of Economy As the US economy is improving faster than any other developed economy, it will provide
Alok Industries an opportunity to expand into the US market. Alok Industries already have know-how to operate into the
competitive US market.

- Customer preferences are fast changing - Driven by rising disposable incomes, easy access to information, and fast
adoption of technological products, customers today are more willing to experiment / try new products in the market.
Alok Industries has to carefully monitor not only wider trends within the Apparel/Accessories industry but also in the
wider Consumer Cyclical sector.

- Increasing customer base in lower segments - As customers have to migrate from un-organized operators in the
Consumer Cyclical industry to licensed players. It will provide Alok Industries an opportunity to penetrate entry level
market with a no-frill offering.

Threats are factors that can be potential dangers to the firm's business models because of changes in macro-economic
factors and changing consumer perceptions. Threats can be managed but not controlled.

- Changing political environment with US and China trade war, Brexit impacting European Union, and overall instability
in the middle east can impact Alok Industries business both in local market and in international market.

- Distrust of institutions and increasing threat of legal actions for Alok Industries - As the WTO regulations and laws are
difficult to enforce in various markets. Legal procedures have become expensive and long drawn process. It can lead to
less investment into emerging markets by Alok Industries thus resulting in slower growth.

- Saturation in urban market and stagnation in the rural markets - For Alok Industries this trend is an ongoing challenge
in the Apparel/Accessories segment. One of the reasons is that the adoption of products is slow in rural market.
Secondly it is more costly for Alok Industries to serve the rural customers than urban customers given the vast distances
and lack of infrastructure.

- Competitors catching up with the product development - Even though at present the Alok Industries is still leader in
product innovation in the Apparel/Accessories segment. It is facing stiff challenges from international and local
competitors.

- Competitive pressures - As the new product launch cycles are reducing in the Consumer Cyclical industry. It has put
additional competitive pressures on players such as Alok Industries. Given the large customer base, Alok Industries can't
respond quickly to the needs of the niche markets that disruptors are focusing on and commoditization of the product
segment - The biggest challenge for Alok Industries and other players in the industry is the increasing commoditization
of the products in Consumer Cyclical industry.
 REPORT

Visit date: 17th November 2022

Duration of visit: 4 & 1/2 Hours (10:30 am – 3pm)

Location: Survey No. 148/149/150, Morai, Morai - Vatar, Road, Salvav, Vapi, Gujarat 396191

Aim of the visit - Industrial visit is considered as one of the tactical methods of teaching. The main reason behind
this- it lets student to know things practically through interaction, working methods and employment practices.
Moreover, it gives exposure from academic point of view. Main aim industrial visit is to provide an exposure to students
about practical working environment .They also provide students a good opportunity to gain full awareness about
industrial practices. Through industrial visit students get awareness about new technologies. Technology development is
a main factor, about which a students should have a good knowledge.

Fabric production in Alok industries

STAGE I – SAMPLING OF YARN TO FABRIC

1. Sample yarn dyeing (Lab)

2. Grey yarn winding department
3. Hydroextraction
4. Design loom & Sampling department
5. Desk loom department
6. Fabric sampling department

STAGE II – BULK PRODUCTION OF FABRIC

1. Pretreatment of fabric
2. Washing
3. Finishing

STAGE III – FABRIC PRINTING

Types of printing

 Hand screen printing

 Rotary printing

Laser engraving machine

Detailed process

STAGE I – SAMPLING OF YARN TO FABRIC

Sample yarn dyeing (Lab)

This is the first process in the industry. Quality of the yarn samples are checked in a lab. Yarns made of cotton, reactive
dye (for Lycra fabric – spandex fiber), disperse( polyester fiber).

Here the yarn samples are developed for analyzing and shade matching then handed over to the testing loom
department.

Infra color sample dyeing - This is where the color is mixed in a metal box which containing a wheel of 12 pots. The
yarns are mixed with a dye in each box. There is a heater on the top which helps in dyeing.

For disperse yarn dyeing it takes 3-4 hours with 130oC, for cotton yarn dyeing it takes 6-7 hours with 60oC and acidic yarn
dyeing it takes 6-7 hours with 80oC.

Dispensing room - There is a robotic machine which is protected with a glass frame. The machine is automatically feed
with the instructions how much color is required. Each dye colors are placed in small bottles which are in continuous
process of mixing. From small bottles the color is taken out, called pipetting. The machine collects the different color to
make the required shade recipe and poured into a small beaker containing 1 hank of yarn. Salt and soda will be added to
get 1% shade where 1gm/100ml water is needed.

Shade checking room - In this room after dyeing and drying of yarns, the yarns are checked according to customer
standard requirement under different types of light : Daylight (universally used), cool white, horizon, ultraviolet (optical
brightening), TL84, inca 8 and meta meric shade. Then after checking these yarns goes to the design loom.

Winding machine - After dyeing converted from a package to a tube form.

Bulk grey yarn winding and dyeing department
Section 1 - This department is used for winding and storing yarns which are converted from a cone to a tube for uniform
dyeing. Order for 1 ton of material is from Silvasa. 1kg or 1.25kg is soft winding is done in one cone. 40 english count is
used for calculation.

Section 2 – In this section the yarn dyeing is done where a long metal tube releases color liquor through small holes. The
density of the liquor is 1.380 – 1.410 g/cc. From grey to bleaching pretreatment to dyeing happens in bulk. Hard to soft
packaging is done for easy transfer of dyeing.

Hydroextraction
After yarn dyeing, hydroextraction helps to remove the excess water . Radio frequency dryer is used for drying the
package.
Design loom & Sampling department
In this room textile designers use Textronic for swatch development digitally. A sheet is prepared by them
which denotes the count, pick, EPI, TPI of yarn and weave structure of the fabric. A pick glass is used for an
enlarged detail view of fabric.

Design development and sampling forms a core part of our operations and a key differentiator in the way we do
business. They have established design studios across all their plants, manned by qualified designers from reputed
fashion design institutes. They have an active library of over 50,000 designs for knits and weaves, with an average of at
least fifty new designs being added to the portfolio every day. This ongoing design development and extensive design
database enables us to be a trendsetter in the market.
Desk loom department (Sample)

Warp beam - The warp yarns are rolled on a beam where it is later on feed into the heedless for weaving. A CCI
warping machine is used to collect the warp yarns. Only finer count yarns are sized.

Weaving - There are types of looms used for weaving: Single rapier loom and Dobby loom. Small fabric samples are
developed by weaving. These machines are feed with required information and shows which yarn will occur next
according to the design. 15 – 16 cm width of fabric is made.
Fabric sampling department
In this room the fabrics are collected after weaving. The fabrics are cut to make swatches with the help of a laser
machine. After making swatches they are prepared in a hanger for the customers to have a view. Different types of
fabrics made by Alok industries are : Cotton, linen, bamboo, tencel, yarn dyed 2 ply, viscose, mélange, seersucker, brush,
plain dobby, lycra, sheeting, lurex, organic cotton, poplin, crape, slub etc.
STAGE II – BULK PRODUCTION OF FABRIC

Pretreatment of fabric
The process of fabric pretreatment is 1. Desizing - It is the process of removing the size material from warp yarns after a
textile fabric is woven. 2. Bleaching - To whiten the goods and to make the goods to be suitable for dyeing and printing
with pale or bright shad 3. Mercerization - is an process involving sodium hydroxide for cotton yarns or fabrics to
increase the lustre and dyeability. These steps are done before dyeing or printing. For example while dyeing the
machine speed is 1 the mtr-in is 1546 and mtr-out is 27472. The cloth beam is prepared where it takes in the cloth and
comes out as a color dyed fabric. Then the fabric goes through a pad dry, pad stream and fixation machine.

Washing
The fabric is then washed thoroughly with the help of 7 chambers to remove all unwanted matter.

Finishing
The fabric is given different types of finishing with chemicals according to the customer’s needs which are : flame
retardant finish, absorbent property, stiff finish, oil water repellent finish.

Calendaring and Sanforization

Calendering is a finishing process used on cloth where fabric is passed between rollers at high temperature and under
high pressure.Then the fabric is sanforized in order to increase the dimensional stability of the fabric when washing, or
to prevent the fabrics from shrinking during washing.
STAGE III – FABRIC PRINTING

Recipe for printing paste

Soft Water 700 g/Kg
Anti Foamer 1g/Kg
Binder 200g/Kg
Fixative 109/Kg
Softener 10g/Kg
Urea 50g/Kg
Thickener 15g/Kg
Total 1kg

Process of pigment printing

Pigment to printing (with binder and fixer for
rotary/roller) to curing (loop ager if light shade requires
110oC - 120oC for 5 min and if darker shade requires
150oC - 160oC for 5 - 10 mins) to finishing.

Pigment to printing (with binder and fixer for

rotary/roller) to ageing process (temperature usually
102oC with steam 800 – 1000/kg for 5 - 10 mins) to
washing to finishing.

Pigment to printing (with binder and fixer for

rotary/roller) to ageing process (temperature usually
102oC with steam 800 – 1000/kg for 5 - 10 mins) to
curing washing to finishing
Types of printing
 Hand screen printing process

1. A printer takes the design to be created on the finished product and prints it out onto a transparent
acetate film. This will be used to create the stencil.
2. Next a mesh screen is used to suit the complexity of the design and the texture of the fabric being
printed. The mesh screen is then coated with a layer of light-reactive emulsion, which will harden when
developed under bright light.
3. The acetate sheet featuring the design is then laid onto the emulsion-coated screen, and the whole
thing is exposed to a very bright light. The light hardens the emulsion, so the parts of the screen which
are covered by the design remain in liquid form.
4. If the final design is going to include more than one color, then a separate screen must be used to apply
each layer of ink. To create multi-colored products, the printer must use his skill to design each stencil,
and line them up perfectly to ensure the final design is seamless.
5. After the screen has been exposed for a set time, the areas of the screen not covered by the design will
have turned hard. Any unhardened emulsion is then carefully rinsed away. This leaves a clear imprint of
the design on the screen for the ink to pass through. The screen is then dried, and the printer will make
any necessary touch-ups or corrections to make the imprint as accurate as possible to the original
design. The stencil is now ready to be used.
6. The screen is then placed on the printing press. The item or garment being printed is laid down flat onto
the printing board, underneath the screen.
7. There are a number of different presses, including manual and automatic styles, but most modern
commercial printers will use an automatic rotary carousel printer, as this allows several different screens
to work at once. For multicolored prints, this sort of printer can also be used to apply the separate color
layers in quick succession.
8. The screen is lowered down onto the printing board. Ink is added to the top end of the screen, and a
squeegee is used to pull the ink along the full length of the screen. This presses the ink through the open
areas of the stencil, imprinting the design on the product underneath. If the printer is creating multiple
items, then the screen is raised and a new garment is placed onto the printing board. The process is
then repeated.
9. The emulsion is removed using a special washing fluid so the mesh can be reused to create new stencils.
The printed product then passes through a dryer, which cures the ink and creates a smooth, colorfast
finish. The final product will be checked and washed thoroughly to remove any residue, before being
passed on to its new owner.
 Rotary printing process

Rotary screen print machine consists of numbers of rotary screens which fit into slots as shown in the image. If
one color way print is needed one screen is fitted to the machine, up to 12 screens can be fitted for multiple
color way designs. In the machine illustrated only 6 screens can be fitted as this is a six color way machine.

1. Engraving design pattern on the copper roller.

2. Alignment of the rollers.
3. Engraved rollers come in contact with the companion roller which has been submerged in the dye paste.
4. Doctor blade scrapes the excess dye from the surface of the roller.
5. Plain fabric is fed into the machine, where all the creases are removed from the fabric; prior to printing
this fabric is referred to prepare for printing (PFP). Once all creases are removed the fabric is now ready
for printing and forwarded to the printing machine. Then passes through a glue fixation solution for the
color to fix.
6. Fabric passes between the engraved rollers and smooth cylinder rollers.
7. The dye from the shallow areas is pressed on the fabric.
8. Back grey absorbs the excess print paste then the glue is removed while washing as it is water soluble.
9. The printed cloth is immediately passed into a drying chamber.
10. The printed cloth is passed into a steam chamber.
11. Stacking fabric for the final inspection
 Modern Engraving Machines

Laser Exposing Technology - Direct Laser Engraving is a single step dry process - simply engrave your coated
screen with your desired design and print. It eliminates costly consumables like film or ink, and time-consuming
and error- prone processes like exposing and washing.

Process:

The process of putting designs to be printed on both rotary and flat screens is known as screen engraving.
The most widely used technique for screen engraving is known as the lacquer method. This process begins with
a creation of print design. Once the design is finalized a textile designer separates the design into its individual
color. A nickel plated screen with max 12,000 holes per square inch is mounted in the coating station; the screen
is then coated with a liquid water soluble photosensitive resin. The coated screen is then moved to a drying
oven. It is then stored in a controlled environment for up to 48 hours prior to engraving. At the engraving stage
the film with the opaque design is secured to the screen. High intensity light is then directed on to the screen.
Wherever the light hits the screen it hardens the resin and forms a water insoluble barrier. After exposure time
the screen is washed and dried. The design areas are opened and print paste allowed flowing freely through.

The coated screen is loaded on a mandrel which is part of the machine the laser engraving machine .the laser
vaporizes the resin without damaging the screen material that is nickel mesh. Once screen engraved the motif is
inspected for correct color separation file from the original design.
Then unexpected chemical is washed away
 BIBILOGRAPHY

https://www.textileinfomedia.com/global-textile-listing

https://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/2363/indian-textile-industry-an-overview

https://www.alokind.com/awards.html

https://embapro.com/frontpage/swotcoanalysis/11449-alok-industries

https://pitchbook.com/profiles/company/53939-17#stock

https://www.business-standard.com/company/alok-industries-3118/information/company-history

https://www.indiantextilemagazine.in/alok-industries-emerges-major-global-textile-power/

https://www.spgprints.com/rotary-screen-engraving-textile-printing-equipment