Dimayuga, Sophia Isabel H.

October 10, 2022

4th year BSN

Drug Name Classification Mechanism Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing

of Action Responsibilities
Generic Name: Pharmacologic Produces Short-term  Hypersensitivit  Dizziness  Monitor vital
Diazepam : anxiolytic relief of y  Drowsiness signs and
Benzodiazepine effect by anxiety  Acute narrow-  Lethargy respirator
Brand Name: stimulating symptoms, angle glaucoma  Depression and
Valium, Vivol, Therapeutic gamma- acute alcohol  Severe neurologic
 Light-
Diastat Class: aminobutyri withdrawal. respiratory status.
headedness
Anxiolytic c acid depression  Monitor
 Disorientatio
Dose: receptors to Treatment for CBC,
 Sleep apnea n
Injection: 5mg/ml Pregnancy the brain and seizures and kidney, and
syndrome  Slurred
Orem: 5mg/ml Risk Category spine. acute liver
speech
Tablet: 2mg, 5mg, D musculoskeleta function test
10mg Controls l conditions. results.
seizures by  Caution
Dosage: enhancing patient to
Adults: presynaptic avoid
- P.O: 2 – inhibition driving and
10mg 2-4
other
times/day
hazardous
- IV/IM: 2 –
activities
5mg repeat
until they
3-4 hrs.
know how
Children:
drug affects
- P.O: 0.12-
concentratio
0.8
n and
 mg/kg/day alertness
divided  advise
doses q6- patient not to
8h stop taking
- IV/IM: drugs
0.04-0.3 abruptly.
mg/kg/dos  Female
e q2-4h patients
should not
MAX: 0.6 mg/kg take this
within 8hr period medicine if
pregnant or
plans to
Route: breastfeed.
P.O
I.V
I.M
Drug Name Classification Mechanis Indicatio Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing
m of n Responsibilities
Action
Generic Name: Pharmacologic Binds Relief of  Hypersensitivit  Dizziness  Monitor
Nalbuphine : opiate moderate y  Sedation vital signs.
Hydrochloride Opioid agonist- receptors in to severe  Hepatic/Renal  Hypertensio If
antagonist CNS pain. impairment n respiration
Brand Name: inhibiting  Respiratory  Hypotensio s are
Nubain Therapeutic pain depression n 12/min or
Class: pathways.  Head trauma less,
 Dry mouth
Dose: Opioid withhold
 Increased  Anaphylaxis
Injection: 10 Analgesic medication
intracranial
mg/ml, 20 mg/ml and
pressure (ICP)
Pregnancy contact
Dosage: Risk Category physician.
Adults: C  Teach
- IV/IM/ patient to
SU: 10 avoid
mg/70 kg alcohol,
q3-6 hrs CNS
prn depressant
Children: s, tasks
- IV/IM: with motor
0.1-0.2 skills.
mg/kg q3-
4h prn

MAX: 20
mg/dose, 160
mg/day

Route:
SUB
I.V
I.M
Drug Name Classification Mechanism Indicatio Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing
of Action n Responsibilities
Generic Name: Pharmacologi Interacts with To  Acute or  Increased  Not
Morphine c: opioid relieve severe intracranial recommen
Sulfate Opioid agonist receptor sites severe bronchial pressure der for
and alters pain that asthma  Bradycardia pregnant
Brand Name: Therapeutic neurotransmitt require  Hypersensitiv  Cardiac women
Astramorph PF, Class: er release opioid ity arrest immediatel
Avinza, Opioid causing treatment  Gastrointesti  Edema y before or
Duramorph, Analgesic inhibition of such as nal during
 Seizures
Filnarine pain severe obstruction labor.
 Comatose
Controlled pathways. chronic (Opioids
 Upper airway  Laryngospa
Dose: Substance pain, MI, may alter
obstruction sm
Capsule: 15mg, Schedule II dyspnea length of
 Respiratory
30 mg from time of
depression
Tablet: 15 mg, Pregnancy pulmonar labor).
30 mg Risk y edema.  Risk
Oral Sol: 2 Category C evaluation
mg/ml, 4 mg/ml and
IV infusion: 0.5 mitigation
mg/ml, 1mg/ml strategy
IV/IM/SC: 1 (REMS) is
mg/ml, 2 mg/ml, required
4 mg/ml due to the
addiction
Dosage: and misuse
Adults: of this
- TAB: 15
 – 30 mg drug.
q4h prn  Instruct
- P.O: 10 patient to
– 20 mg take
q4h prn morphine
- IV exactly as
Infusion prescribed.
: 0.1 – Never
0.15 change
mg/kg/hr dosage
- IV: 0.1 – without
0.2 consult
mg/kg from the
slowly physician.
4-5 min  Take
q4h prn tablets or
- IM/SC: capsule
10mg with food
q4h prn or milk to
relieve GI
Children: distress.
- IV
infusion
: 0.01 –
0.04
mg/kg/hr
postop
- IV
infusion
 : 0.04 –
0.07
mg/kg/hr
severe
chronic
cancer
pain/sic
kle cell
crisis

Route:
P.O
IV Infusion
IV/IM/SC

Drug Name Classification Mechanis Indicatio Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing

m of n Responsibilities
Action
Generic Pharmacologic Altering Relief  Hypersensitivit  Seizure  Use
Name: : response to moderate y  Hypotensio extreme
Meperidine Opioid Agonist pain by to severe  Acute or severe n caution in
Hydrochlorid binding the chronic bronchial  Dry mouth patients
e Therapeutic opiate pain asthma  Dizziness with head
Class: receptors in including  Used within 14 injury.
 Drowsiness
Brand Analgesic the CNS obstetric days of Drug may
 Adrenal
Name: and spinal analgesia Monoamine insufficienc increase
Demerol, Controlled cord. Oxidase y ICP.
Meperitab Substance (MAO)  Increase  Stay alert
Schedule II inhibitor intracranial for
Dose: therapy. pressure increased
Tablet: 50 Pregnancy risk of
mg, 100 mg Risk Category seizures
Injection: 10 C  Monitor
mg/ml, 25 v/s. Don’t
mg/ml, 50, give if
mg/ml, patient has
Oral sol: 500 significant
mg/5ml respiratory
Syrup: 50 or CNS
mg/5ml depression
.
Dosage:
Adults:
- 50 –
150
mg
q3-4h
prn
Children:
- 1.1 –
1.8
mg/kg
(0.5 –
0.8
 mg/lb)
q3-4h
prn
Route:
PO
IM/IV/SC

Drug Name Classification Mechanis Indicatio Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing

m of n Responsibilities
Action
Generic Name: Pharmacolog Produces a To induce  Acute angle-  Agitation  Determine if
Midazolam ic: calming, preoperati closure  Cardiac patient
Hydrochloride Benzodiazepi relaxing ve glaucoma arrest consumed
ne effect and sedation  Acute  Hypotensio alcohol,
Brand Name: induce or pulmonary n antibiotics,
Dormicum Therapeutic sleep by amnesia. insufficiency  Nodal antihypertens
Class: increasing  Hypersensiti rhythm ion. These
Dose: Sedative- activity of To control vity substances
 Airway
Injection: hypnotic gamma- preoperati increase and
 Severe obstruction
1mg/ml, 5mg/ml aminobuty ve anxiety prolonged
COPD  Bronchosp
Syrup: 2mg/ml Controlled ric acid. sedative
asm
Substance
Dosage: Schedule IV effect when
Adults: taken.
- IV: 2.5mg Pregnancy  Inform
over 2 min Risk patient that
preop. Category D they may not
After 2 remember
min, procedure as
dosage the
adjust to medication
desired produces
level in amnesia.
25%  Instruct
increment patient to
s avoid alcohol
- IM: 0.07 or CNS
– 0.08 depressants
mg/kg as 24 hours
single after
dose 30 – receiving
60 preop. dormicum.
- IV
infusion:
0.01 –
0.05
mg/kg
repeat at
10-15 min
interval
until
 adequate
sedation
occurs.

Children:
- SYRUP:
0.25 – 0.5
mg/kg as
single
dose 30-
45 min
preop.
- Usual: 0.5
mg/kg
Max:
20mg
- IV:
Initial:
0.025 to
0.05
mg/kg,
over 2 min
up to 0.4
mg/kg, if
needed
immediate
ly before
procedure.
- Maintena
 nce: After
a 2- to 3-
min
waiting
period,
dosage
adjusted
as needed.
- Maximum
: 10 mg.
- IM: 0.1 to
0.15
mg/kg, up
to 0.5
mg/kg for
more
anxious
patients as
a single
dose 30 to
60 min
before
surgery.
- Maximum
:
10 g.
- IV
infusion:
Initial
 bolus:
0.05 to 0.2
mg/kg
over 2 to 3
min.
Maintena
nce: 0.06
to 0.12
mg/kg/hr
by
continuou
s infusion
with
dosage
adjusted,
as needed,
to
maintain
effect
Route:
PO
IM
IV

Drug Name Classification Mechanism Indication Contraindication Adverse Nursing

of Action Reaction Responsibilities
Generic Name: Pharmacologic: Epinephrine Treatment
Epinephrine Sympathomimetic minimizes the of type I
vasodilation allergic
Brand Name: Therapeutic and increases reactions,
Adrenalin, Class: the vascular including
Allerject, Antianaphylaxis, permeability anaphylaxis.
Anapen, bronchodilator, that occurs
Articadent cardiac stimulant, during It is also
Vasopressor anaphylaxis, used to
Dose: which can increase
Auto-injector/ Pregnancy Risk cause the loss mean
I.M. injection: Category C of arterial
0.5 mg/ml intravascular blood
Injection: 0.1 fluid volume pressure in
mg/ml, 0.5 as well as adult
mg/ml, hypotension. patients
1 mg/ml with
It relaxes the hypotension
Dosage: smooth associated
Adults: muscle of the with septic
- 0.3 to 0.5 bronchi and shock
mg, iris and is a
repeated histamine
every 5 to antagonist,
10 min, rendering it
prn useful in
treating the
Children: manifestations
- 0.01 of allergic
mg/kg up reactions and
to associated
maximu conditions
 m of 0.3
mg per
injection,
repeated
every 5 to
10 min,
prn
Route:
IM
SC

Drug Name Classification Mechanism Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing

of Action Responsibilities
Generic Name: Pharmacologic: Decreased Treat the  Inactive  Increased ICP  Space multiple
hydrocortisone Glucocorticoid vasodilation symptoms of tuberculosis w/papilledema doses evenly
sodium succinate and Inflammation,  herpes simplex  Arrhythmias throughout the
Therapeutic permeability Status  infection of the eye  Fat embolism day.
Brand Name: Class: of Asthmaticus  hypothyroidism  Adrenal  Do not give IM
Solu-Cortef Adrenocorticoid capillaries, and Chronic insufficiency injections if
 diabetes
replacement as well as Adrenal during stress patient has
 pheochromocytoma,
Dose: Anti- decreased Insufficiency. thrombocytopenic
 Thromboembolism
Injection: 25 inflammatory leukocyte purpura.
mg/ml, 50 migration to  Rotate sites of IM
mg/ml; 100 Pregnancy sites of repository
mg/vial, 250 Risk Category inflammation injections to
mg/vial, 500 C avoid local
mg/vial, 1,000 atrophy.
mg/vial  Advise patient to
Tablets: 5 mg, 10 take daily dose of
mg, 20 mg hydrocortisone at
9 a.m
Dosage:  Caution patient to
Adults: avoid people with
- TAB: infections
200mg because drug can
daily for suppress immune
1 week system,
followed  increasing risk of
by 80mg infection
qod for 1  Expect
month. hydrocortisone to
- IV/IM/IV worsen infections
infusion: or mask signs and
100- symptoms.
500mg
q2,4,6hr.
Give over
20-30 min
for IV
infusion.
Give 30
sec to 10
min for
IV
injection
dependin
 g on dose.
Children:

Route:
IV infusion
IV
IM
PO

Drug Name Classification Mechanis Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing

m of Responsibilities
Action
Generic Name: Pharmacologic: Lidocaine Rapid  Hypersensitivity  Malignant  Use caution in
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Amide stabilizes acting Advanced AV block hyperthermia patients with
derivative the local  Wolff-  Seizures severe hepatic
Brand Name: neuronal anesthetic Parkinson-  Bradycardia or renal
Lidodan,, Lurocaine, Therapeutic membrane for White or  Cardiac arrest disease
Anesticaine, Anesticon Class: by procedures Adams-Stokes because
 Methemoglobinemia
Antiarrhythmic inhibiting ranging Syndrome accumulation
 Respiratory arrest
Dose: Class IB the ionic from  Local infection of lidocaine
 Anaphylaxis
- IM: use: 300 mg/3 Local fluxes infiltration at puncture site may occur and
ml Anesthetic required for to regional lead to
 Heart failure
- Injection for I.V. the nerve toxicity.
 Septicemia
infusion: 2 mg/ml, initiation block.  Use caution
4 mg/ml, 8 mg/ml and when
- IV injection conduction administering
 admixtures: of impulses, lidocaine to
40 mg/ml, 100 thereby patients with
mg/ml, 200 effecting compromised
mg/ml local myocardial
- Topical cream: anesthetic function
0.5%, 4% action. because of risk
Dosage: of electrolyte
Adults: disturbances
- IV or fluid
Infusion/Injection overload.
:  During I.V.
Loading: 50 to administration,
100 mg (or 1 to place patient
1.5 mg/kg), given on cardiac
at 25 to 50 monitor, as
mg/min. Give 2nd ordered, and
dose of 25-50mg closely always
(0.5-0.75 mg/kg) observe them.
if desired Monitor for
response isn’t prolonged PR
achieved. interval,
Maintenance: 20 widening QRS
to 50 mcg/kg/min complex, or
(1 to 4 mg/min) worsening
by continuous arrhythmias
infusion. Smaller possible signs
bolus dose of drug
repeated 15 to 20 toxicity.
min after start of  Instruct
 infusion if needed women of
to maintain childbearing
therapeutic blood age to alert
level. prescriber if
Maximum: 300 pregnancy is
mg (or 3 suspected or
mg/kg) over 1 hr. known,
because
Children: lidocaine may
- IV cross the
Infusion/Injection placental
: barrier.
Loading: 1 mg/kg
(not to exceed 100
mg).
Repeat bolus dose
if infusion is not
initiated within 15
of loading dose.
Maintenance: 20
to 50
mcg/kg/min by
continuous
infusion.
Maximum: 3
mg/kg
Route:
IV
IM
CUTANEOUS

Drug Name Classification Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing

Action Responsibilities
Generic Name: Pharmacologic Atropine To treat  Hypersensitivit  Hyperpyrexia  Be aware
Atropine Sulfate : competitively bradyasystoli y  Seizers that high-
Anticholinergic blocks the effects c cardiac  Acute narrow-  MI dose
Brand Name: of acetylcholine, arrest. angle glaucoma  Laryngospas atropine
AtroPen Therapeutic including excess  Obstructive GI m sulfate
Class: acetylcholine due To reduce tract disease should not
 Hypoglycemi
Dose: Antiarrhythmic, to secretions and be used in
 Asthma a
Injection: 0.05 antimuscarinic organophosphoru block vagal patients
 Thyrotoxicosis  Arrhythmias
mg/ml, 0.1 mg/ml, s poisoning, at effects with
 Bradycardia
0.3 mg/ml, 0.4 Pregnancy muscarinic preoperativel ulcerative
mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml, Risk Category  Cardiac
cholinergic y colitis
0.8 mg/ml, 1 C dilation
receptors on because of
mg/ml smooth muscle, Used to risk of toxic
Ophthalmic cardiac muscle, relieve pain megacolon
solution: 0.5%, secretory gland caused by or in
1%, 2% cells, and in swelling and patients
Tablets: 0.4 mg peripheral inflammation with hiatal
autonomic of the eye. hernia and
Dosage: ganglia and the reflux
Adults: central nervous esophagitis
- IV/IM/ system. because of
 SC: risk of
0.5 to 1 esophagitis.
mg given  Inform
30 to 60 patient that
min before atropine
surgery, may inhibit
repeated in sweating.
1 to 2 hr, if Advise
needed. patient to
avoid
Children: excessive
- IV/IM/ exercise or
SC: 0.01 heat
to 0.03
exposure,
mg/kg
given 30 to which can
60 min lead to heat
before injury.
surgery,  Advise
repeated in patient to
4 to 6 hr, notify
as needed.
prescriber if
Route:
he has
E-Trache
constipation
IV
, difficulty
IM
urinating, or
SC
persistent or
Ophthalm
severe
diarrhea.
Drug Name Classification Mechanism Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing
of Action Responsibilities
Generic Name: Pharmacologic Increases To treat mild  Hypersensitivity  Arrhythmias  Emphasize
Digoxin : force and to moderate  Digitalis  Heart Block importance of
Cardiac velocity of heart failure toxicity  Electrolyte taking digoxin
Brand Name: glycoside myocardial with rapid  AV block imbalance exactly as
Lanoxin contraction digitalizatio  Constrictive prescribed.
Therapeutic and prolongs n Pericarditis Warn about
Dose: Class: refractory possible
 Idiopathic
Oral solution Antiarrhythmic, period of AV toxicity from
hypertrophic
(pediatric): 0.05 cardiotonic node. taking too much
subaortic
mg/ml Produces and decreased
Injection: 0.05 Pregnancy antiarrhythmic effectiveness
mg/ml, 0.1 mg/ml, Risk Category effect. from taking too
0.25 mg/ml C little.
Tablets: 0.125 mg,  Be aware that
0.25 mg, 0.5 mg digoxin therapy
is not
Dosage: recommended
Adults: in patients with
- IV: acute cor
Loading: 8 to pulmonale
12 mcg/kg in involving heart
3 divided failure
doses with associated with
first dose amyloid heart
 equal to 50% disease,
of total dose constrictive
and 25% of pericarditis,
the total preserved left
loading dose ventricular
q6-8h for ejection
two doses. fraction, or
I.V. injection restrictive
given slowly cardiomyopathy
over 5 min or because of
longer. increased
Subsequent susceptibility to
doses given digoxin
every 6 to 8  toxicity.
hr.  The drug is also
Maintenance: not
2.4 to 3.6 recommended
mcg/kg once in patients with
daily. idiopathic
- TAB/ORS: hypertrophic
Loading: 10 subaortic
to 15 mcg/kg stenosis
total given in because
3 divided outflow
doses every obstruction may
6 to 8 hr, worsen because
with first of the inotropic
dose equal to effects of
50% of total digoxin.
 dose and  Monitor patient
subsequent closely for
two doses signs of
given each as digitalis
25% of the toxicity, such as
total loading altered mental
dose. status,
Maintenance: arrhythmias,
3.4 to 5.1 heart block,
mcg/kg once nausea, vision
daily. disturbances,
Children: and vomiting.
- IV: Loading: 
15 to 30
mcg/kg in 3
divided
doses, with
first dose
equal to 50%
of total dose
and 25% of
the total
loading dose
given q6-8h
for two
doses. I.V.
injection
given over 5
min or
 longer.
Maintenance:
2.3 to 4.5
mcg/kg twice
daily
Route:
IV
PO