Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________ ID: A

Chapter 8 Study Questions

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

____ 1. Photosynthesis from plants is the fundamental source of food and energy for all other complex life on Earth.

____ 2. The reaction for photosynthesis is as follows:

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 » 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP and heat)

____ 3. Many crop plants contain 80 to 95 percent water.

____ 4. Chlorophyll converts chemical energy into light energy.

____ 5. Carotenoids are one type of plant pigment.

____ 6. ATP and NADPH are produced in the carbon-fixation steps of photosynthesis.

____ 7. The light reactions are the only part of photosynthesis that require light.

____ 8. One of the functions of transpiration is uptake of mineral nutrients.

____ 9. The Krebs cycle is part of photosynthesis.

____ 10. Water is absorbed from the soil by root hairs.

____ 11. The rate of transpiration increases with higher temperatures.

____ 12. Leaf curling can be a sign of moisture stress.

____ 13. It is important to recognize crop development stages in order to apply sound management practices.

____ 14. The Growing Degree Day base temperature for soybeans is 32 degrees F.

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 15. In which organelle does photosynthesis occur?

a. mitochondria c. chloroplast
b. lamella d. vacuole

____ 16. Plant pigments absorb visible light in this range:

a. 200–300 nm c. 700–1000 nm
b. 400–700 nm d. 1000–1300 nm

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 Name: ________________________ ID: A

____ 17. Plant pigments are least effective in absorbing which color of light?
a. yellow c. red
b. green d. blue

____ 18. The two energy compounds used in the carbon-fixation reactions are:
a. CO2 and H2O c. PGA and ATP
b. ATP and NADPH d. C3 and RuBP

____ 19. Which type of photosynthesis is inefficient above 25°C?

a. C3 c. CAM
b. C4 d. None of these answers is correct.

____ 20. What percentage of the world’s plants are C 4?

a. 10 c. 80
b. 40 d. 95

____ 21. Which type of cell controls the opening and closing of stomata?
a. pericycle c. mesophyll
b. cortex d. guard

____ 22. Rhizobia bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into:

a. NO2 c. NH3
b. N2 d. N3

____ 23. The plant response that is most important for triggering flowering in the spring is:
a. transpiration c. dormancy
b. nitrogen fixation d. vernalization

____ 24. The process by which plants differentiate from seedling to vegetative to flowering would best be described as:
a. vernalization c. development
b. growth d. dormancy

____ 25. The index of heat accumulation (or heat units over time) used to estimate how crop development will progress
and when a crop is predicted to mature is:
a. Temperature Degree Days c. Growing Day Units
b. Temperature Day Units d. Growing Degree Days

Completion
Complete each statement.

26. ____________________ is the process in which energy from sunlight is converted to chemical energy by the
plant.

27. The two types of reactions of photosynthesis are ____________________ and _________________________
reactions.

28. The Calvin cycle is also known as the _______________ cycle.

29. The first stable compound of the C3 cycle is _______________.

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 Name: ________________________ ID: A

30. The conversion of sugars to energy for use in metabolism of living cells is called ____________________.

31. The parts of the cell where respiration occurs are the ____________________ and ____________________.

32. ____________________ is the process of water loss from plant stomata.

33. ____________________ is the total water use by the plant.

34. The type of bacteria that symbiotically fix nitrogen are ____________________.

35. ____________________ is the reaction of plants to changing lengths of darkness.

36. The three categories of plants classified by their flowering responses are ____________________,
____________________, and ____________________.

37. The response of perennial plants to shortening days and decreasing temperatures is called
____________________.

38. The weight of all a plant’s components minus the water is called _________________________.

39. The three life cycles of plants are ____________________, ____________________, and
____________________.

Matching

Match the type of photosynthesis with the plant species. Each answer may be used more than once.
a. C3
b. C4
c. CAM
____ 40. alfalfa
____ 41. corn
____ 42. cacti
____ 43. wheat
____ 44. soybean
____ 45. smooth bromegrass
____ 46. sorghum
____ 47. cotton
____ 48. pineapple
____ 49. tobacco
____ 50. amaranth

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____ 51. millet

____ 52. big bluestem
____ 53. peanut

Match the crop to the type of flowering response. Each answer may be used more than once.
a. short-day
b. long-day
c. day-neutral
____ 54. wheat
____ 55. flax
____ 56. corn
____ 57. soybean
____ 58. cucumbers
____ 59. mustards
____ 60. rice
____ 61. tomatoes
____ 62. cotton
____ 63. smooth bromegrass

Match each word to its definition.

a. annual
b. pseudo-annual
c. biennial
d. perennial
____ 64. a plant that takes two years to complete its life cycle
____ 65. a plant that is managed as an annual but is not an annual
____ 66. a plant that completes its life cycle in 1 year
____ 67. a plant that can live longer than 2 years

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