This document contains 13 multiple choice questions that assess understanding of pharmacokinetic concepts such as zero-order and first-order kinetics, drug metabolism, clearance, half-life, and therapeutic index. The questions cover topics like the characteristics of zero-order elimination kinetics; drugs that follow zero-order and first-order kinetics; extraction ratio; cytochrome P450 inducers; parameters needed to calculate initial loading dose; factors that affect drug clearance; mechanisms of biotransformation; and considerations for drugs with a low therapeutic index.
This document contains 13 multiple choice questions that assess understanding of pharmacokinetic concepts such as zero-order and first-order kinetics, drug metabolism, clearance, half-life, and therapeutic index. The questions cover topics like the characteristics of zero-order elimination kinetics; drugs that follow zero-order and first-order kinetics; extraction ratio; cytochrome P450 inducers; parameters needed to calculate initial loading dose; factors that affect drug clearance; mechanisms of biotransformation; and considerations for drugs with a low therapeutic index.
This document contains 13 multiple choice questions that assess understanding of pharmacokinetic concepts such as zero-order and first-order kinetics, drug metabolism, clearance, half-life, and therapeutic index. The questions cover topics like the characteristics of zero-order elimination kinetics; drugs that follow zero-order and first-order kinetics; extraction ratio; cytochrome P450 inducers; parameters needed to calculate initial loading dose; factors that affect drug clearance; mechanisms of biotransformation; and considerations for drugs with a low therapeutic index.
This document contains 13 multiple choice questions that assess understanding of pharmacokinetic concepts such as zero-order and first-order kinetics, drug metabolism, clearance, half-life, and therapeutic index. The questions cover topics like the characteristics of zero-order elimination kinetics; drugs that follow zero-order and first-order kinetics; extraction ratio; cytochrome P450 inducers; parameters needed to calculate initial loading dose; factors that affect drug clearance; mechanisms of biotransformation; and considerations for drugs with a low therapeutic index.
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MCQS ZERO AND FIRST ORDER KINETICS/ELIMINATION
1. What is NOT true for zero-order elimination kinetics?
a. Half-life is variable b. Increases with increased plasma concentration of drug c. Constant amount of drug is eliminated d. Linear curve is obtained
KEY: B
2. The drug that follows zero order kinetics is:
a. Isoniazid b. Chloramphenicol c. Acetaminophen d. Acetyl Salicylic acid
KEY: D
3. Extraction ratio (E) of a drug is:
a. Fraction of the drug eliminated. b. Volume of blood cleared per unit time. c. Volume of fluid cleared from the drug per unit time. d. Amount of the drug eliminated by the liver
KEY: A
4. Which of the following drugs is a Cytochrome P450 inducer?
a. Chloramphenicol b. Ketoconazole c. Ciprofloxacin d. Rifampicin
KEY: D
5. Regarding "first-order kinetics", the following is incorrect:
a. Applies to high plasma concentration of theophylline only b. The rate of clearance is proportional to concentration c. More common than zero order kinetics d. Steady state concentration is reached after multiple dosing e. Plasma half-life is fixed
KEY: A
6. Which parameter should be also known to calculate the initial loading dose: a. Plasma half life b. Steady state concentration c. Extraction ratio d. Maintenance dose
KEY: B
7. Drug A is a basic drug with pKa 9 and follows first order kinetics. The Vd of the drug is 300 L. Clearance of the drug is hepatic. Which of the following is true about Drug A? a. It is better absorbed in stomach b. Hemodialysis can be used in treatment of its toxicity c. Acidification of urine can enhance its excretion d. Its clearance is not affected by hepatic disease
KEY: C
8. When a drug has a low therapeutic index, that drug should be
a. Used mostly orally b. Used mostly intravenously c. Considered a potentially toxic substance d. Given only in sub milligram doses
KEY: C
9. The mechanism of Biotransformation of Aspirin to Salicylic acid and Acetic acid is
a. Oxidation b. Reduction c. Hydrolysis d. Alkylation
KEY: C
10. A pharmacokinetic study of a new antihypertensive drug is being conducted in healthy
human volunteers. The half-life of the drug after administration by continuous intravenous infusion is 12 hours. Which of the following best approximates the time for the drug to reach steady state? a. 24 hours b. 48 hours c. 72 hours d. 120 hours e. 240 hours
KEY: B
11. If 1 mg of lorazepam produces the same anxiolytic response as 10 mg of diazepam, which
is correct? a. Lorazepam is more potent than diazepam. b. Lorazepam is more efficacious than diazepam. c. Lorazepam is a full agonist, and diazepam is a partial agonist. d. Lorazepam is a better drug to take for anxiety than diazepam
KEY: A
12. Which is correct concerning the safety of using warfarin (with a small therapeutic index) versus penicillin (with a large therapeutic index)? a. Warfarin is a safer drug b. Warfarin treatment has a high chance of resulting in dangerous adverse effects if bioavailability is altered. c. The high therapeutic index makes penicillin a safe drug for all patients. d. Penicillin treatment has a high chance of causing dangerous adverse effects if bioavailability is altered.
