----CODE OF ETHICS FOR PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS----- valuable material from any person or entity for such

purposes.
Pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (e), Article 11, of
R.A. No. 7836, otherwise known as the Section 6. Every teacher shall vote and shall exercise all
other constitutional rights and responsibility.
Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994 and
paragraph (a), section 6, P.D. No. 223, as Section 7. A teacher shall not use his position or official
authority or influence to coerce any other person
amended, the Board for Professional Teachers hereby
adopt the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers. to follow any political course of action.

Preamble Section 8. Every teacher shall enjoy academic freedom and

shall have privilege of expounding the product
Teachers are duly licensed professionals who possesses
dignity and reputation with high moral values as well as of his researches and investigations; provided that, if the
technical and professional competence in the practice of results are inimical to the declared policies of the
their noble profession, and they strictly adhere to, observe,
and practice this set of ethical and moral principles, State, they shall be brought to the proper authorities for
standards, and values. appropriate remedial action.

Article I: Scope and Limitations Article III: The Teacher and the Community

Section 1. The Philippine Constitution provides that all Section 1. A teacher is a facilitator of learning and of the
educational institution shall offer quality education development of the youth; he shall, therefore,

for all competent teachers. Committed to its full render the best service by providing an environment
realization, the provision of this Code shall apply, conducive to such learning and growth.

therefore, to all teachers in schools in the Philippines. Section 2. Every teacher shall provide leadership and
initiative to actively participate in community
Section 2. This Code covers all public and private school
teachers in all educational institutions at the movements for moral, social, educational, economic and
civic betterment.
preschool, primary, elementary, and secondary levels
whether academic, vocational, special, technical, or Section 3. Every teacher shall merit reasonable social
recognition for which purpose he shall behave with
non-formal. The term “teacherâ €• shall include
industrial arts or vocational teachers and all other honor and dignity at all times and refrain from such
activities as gambling, smoking, drunkenness, and
persons performing supervisory and /or administrative
functions in all school at the aforesaid levels, other excesses, much less illicit relations.

whether on full time or part-time basis. Section 4. Every teacher shall live for and with the
community and shall, therefore, study and understand
Article II: The Teacher and the State
local customs and traditions in order to have sympathetic
Section 1. The schools are the nurseries of the future attitude, therefore, refrain from disparaging the
citizens of the state; each teacher is a trustee of the
community.
cultural and educational heritage of the nation and is
under obligation to transmit to learners such heritage Section 5. Every teacher shall help the school keep the
people in the community informed about the
as well as to elevate national morality, promote national
pride, cultivate love of country, instill allegiance schoolâ €TMs work and accomplishments as well as its
needs and problems.
to the constitution and for all duly constituted authorities,
and promote obedience to the laws of the state. Section 6. Every teacher is intellectual leader in the
community, especially in the barangay, and shall
Section 2. Every teacher or school official shall actively
help carry out the declared policies of the state, welcome the opportunity to provide such leadership when
needed, to extend counseling services, as
and shall take an oath to this effect.
appropriate, and to actively be involved in matters
Section 3. In the interest of the State and of the Filipino affecting the welfare of the people.
people as much as of his own, every teacher shall
Section 7. Every teacher shall maintain harmonious and
be physically, mentally and morally fit. pleasant personal and official relations with other

Section 4. Every teacher shall possess and actualize a full professionals, with government officials, and with the
commitment and devotion to duty. people, individually or collectively.

Section 5. A teacher shall not engage in the promotion of Section 8. A teacher posses freedom to attend church and
any political, religious, or other partisan interest, worships as appropriate, but shall not use his

and shall not, directly or indirectly, solicit, require, collect, positions and influence to proselyte others.
or receive any money or service or other
Article IV: A Teacher and the Profession
Section 1. Every teacher shall actively insure that teaching preferably in writing, without violating the right of the
is the noblest profession, and shall manifest individual concerned.

genuine enthusiasm and pride in teaching as a noble Section 7. A teacher may apply for a vacant position for
calling. which he is qualified; provided that he respects

Section 2. Every teacher shall uphold the highest possible the system of selection on the basis of merit and
standards of quality education, shall make the competence; provided, further, that all qualified

best preparations for the career of teaching, and shall be at candidates are given the opportunity to be considered.
his best at all times and in the practice of his
Article VI: The Teacher and Higher Authorities in the
profession. Profession

Section 3. Every teacher shall participate in the Continuing Section 1. Every teacher shall make it his duty to make an
Professional Education (CPE) program of the honest effort to understand and support the

Professional Regulation Commission, and shall pursue legitimate policies of the school and the administration
such other studies as will improve his efficiency, regardless of personal feeling or private opinion and shall
faithfully carry them out.
enhance the prestige of the profession, and strengthen his
competence, virtues, and productivity in order to Section 2. A teacher shall not make any false accusations or
charges against superiors, especially under
be nationally and internationally competitive.
anonymity. However, if there are valid charges, he should
Section 4. Every teacher shall help, if duly authorized, to present such under oath to competent authority.
seek support from the school, but shall not make
Section 3. A teacher shall transact all official business
improper misrepresentations through personal through channels except when special conditions
advertisements and other questionable means.
warrant a different procedure, such as when special
Section 5. Every teacher shall use the teaching profession conditions are advocated but are opposed by
in a manner that makes it dignified means for earning a
descent living. immediate superiors, in which case, the teacher shall
appeal directly to the appropriate higher authority.
Article V: The Teachers and the Profession
Section 4. Every teacher, individually or as part of a group,
Section 1. Teachers shall, at all times, be imbued with the has a right to seek redress against injustice to
spirit of professional loyalty, mutual
the administration and to extent possible, shall raise
confidence, and faith in one another, self-sacrifice for the grievances within acceptable democratic possesses. In
common good, and full cooperation with
doing so, they shall avoid jeopardizing the interest and the
colleagues. When the best interest of the learners, the welfare of learners whose right to learn must be
school, or the profession is at stake in any
respected.
controversy, teachers shall support one another.
Section 5. Every teacher has a right to invoke the principle
Section 2. A teacher is not entitled to claim credit or work that appointments, promotions, and transfer of
not of his own, and shall give due credit for the
teachers are made only on the basis of merit and needed in
work of others which he may use. the interest of the service.
Section 3. Before leaving his position, a teacher shall Section 6. A teacher who accepts a position assumes a
organize for whoever assumes the position such contractual obligation to live up to his contract,
records and other data as are necessary to carry on the assuming full knowledge of employment terms and
work. conditions.
Section 4. A teacher shall hold inviolate all confidential Article VII: School Officials, Teachers, and Other
information concerning associates and the school, Personnel
and shall not divulge to anyone documents which has not Section 1. All school officials shall at all times show
been officially released, or remove records from professional courtesy, helpfulness and sympathy
files without permission. towards teachers and other personnel, such practices
Section 5. It shall be the responsibility of every teacher to being standards of effective school supervision,
seek correctives for what may appear to be an dignified administration, responsible leadership and
unprofessional and unethical conduct of any associate. enlightened directions.
However, this may be done only if there is Section 2. School officials, teachers, and other school
incontrovertible evidence for such conduct. personnel shall consider it their cooperative

Section 6. A teacher may submit to the proper authorities responsibility to formulate policies or introduce important
any justifiable criticism against an associate, changes in the system at all levels.
Section 3. School officials shall encourage and attend the Section 9. A teacher shall ensure that conditions contribute
professional growth of all teachers under them to the maximum development of learners are

such as recommending them for promotion, giving them adequate, and shall extend needed assistance in preventing
due recognition for meritorious performance, and or solving learnerâ €TMs problems and

allowing them to participate in conferences in training difficulties.

programs.
Article IX: The Teachers and Parents
Section 4. No school officials shall dismiss or recommend
for dismissal a teacher or other subordinates Section 1. Every teacher shall establish and maintain
cordial relations with parents, and shall conduct
except for cause.
himself to merit their confidence and respect.
Section 5. School authorities concern shall ensure that
public school teachers are employed in accordance Section 2. Every teacher shall inform parents, through
proper authorities, of the progress and deficiencies
with pertinent civil service rules, and private school
teachers are issued contracts specifying the terms and of learner under him, exercising utmost candor and tact in
pointing out the learner's deficiencies and in
conditions of their work; provided that they are given, if
qualified, subsequent permanent tenure, in accordance seeking parentâ €TMs cooperation for the proper guidance
with existing laws. and improvement of the learners.

Article VIII: The Teachers and Learners Section 3. A teacher shall hear parentâ€TMs complaints
with sympathy and understanding, and shall
Section 1. A teacher has a right and duty to determine the
academic marks and the promotions of learners discourage unfair criticism.

in the subject or grades he handles, provided that such Article X: The Teacher and Business
determination shall be in accordance with generally Section 1. A teacher has the right to engage, directly or
accepted procedures of evaluation and measurement. In indirectly, in legitimate income generation;
case of any complaint, teachers concerned shall provided that it does not relate to or adversely affect his
immediately take appropriate actions, observing due work as a teacher.
process. Section 2. A teacher shall maintain a good reputation with
Section 2. A teacher shall recognize that the interest and respect to the financial matters such as in the
welfare of learners are of first and foremost settlement of his debts and loans in arranging satisfactorily
concern, and shall deal justifiably and impartially with his private financial affairs.
each of them. Section 3. No teacher shall act, directly or indirectly, as
Section 3. Under no circumstance shall a teacher be agent of, or be financially interested in, any
prejudiced or discriminate against a learner. commercial venture which furnish textbooks and other
Section 4. A teacher shall not accept favors or gifts from school commodities in the purchase and disposal
learners, their parents or others in their behalf in of which he can exercise official influence, except only
exchange for requested concessions, especially if when his assignment is inherently, related to such
undeserved. purchase and disposal; provided they shall be in
Section 5. A teacher shall not accept, directly or indirectly, accordance with the existing regulations; provided,
any remuneration from tutorials other what is further, that members of duly recognized teachers
authorized for such service. cooperatives may participate in the distribution and sale

Section 6. A teacher shall base the evaluation of the of such commodities.

learnerâ €TMs work only in merit and quality of Article XI: The Teacher as a Person
academic performance. Section 1. A teacher is, above all, a human being endowed
Section 7. In a situation where mutual attraction and with life for which it is the highest obligation
subsequent love develop between teacher and learner, to live with dignity at all times whether in school, in the
the teacher shall exercise utmost professional discretion to home, or elsewhere.
avoid scandal, gossip and preferential treatment Section 2. A teacher shall place premium upon self-
of the learner. discipline as the primary principle of personal

Section 8. A teacher shall not inflict corporal punishment behavior in all relationships with others and in all
on offending learners nor make deductions from situations.

their scholastic ratings as a punishment for acts which are Section 3. A teacher shall maintain at all times a dignified
clearly not manifestation of poor scholarship. personality which could serve as a model

worthy of emulation by learners, peers and all others.

Section 4. A teacher shall always recognize the Almighty  Otto Loewi = discovered "acetylchloline"
God as guide of his own destiny and of the respobsible in stimulation of muscles
 Ulf von Euler discovered "norepinephrine"
destinies of men and nations. bringing our nervous system into "high alert"
Article XII: Disciplinary Actions ✔Arvid Carlsson
 discovered "dopamine" the reward mechanisms in
Section 1. Any violation of any provision of this code shall the brain
be sufficient ground for the imposition against  Jean Piaget -- cognitive dev't , info processing ,
the erring teacher of the disciplinary action consisting of dynamic interrelation.
revocation of his Certification of Registration  Sigmund Freud -- psychosexual , psychoanalytic
 Erik Erickson -- psychosocial
and License as a Professional Teacher, suspension from the  Lawrence Kohlberg -- moral dev't,
practice of teaching profession, or reprimand  Burrhus Frederic Skinner -- operant cond.
 Ivan Pavlov -- classical cond.
or cancellation of his temporary/special permit under  Edward Lee Thorndike -- connectionism
causes specified in Sec. 23, Article III or R.A. No.  Albert Bandura -- social learning, neo -
7836, and under Rule 31, Article VIII, of the Rules and behaviorism
Regulations Implementing R.A. 7836.  Robert Gagne -- sequence of instruction
 Abraham Maslow -- hierarchy of needs ,
Article XIII: Effectivity motivation theory
 William Kohler -- insight learning
Section 1. This Code shall take effect upon approval by the
 Robert Havighurst -- devt task theory
Professional Regulation Commission and after
 Benjamin Bloom -- bloom's cognitive taxonomy
sixty (60) days following its publication in the  Simpsons / Anita Harrow -- psychomotor domain
 David Krathwohl -- affective domain
 Jerome Bruner -- constructivist, spiral curr,
instrumental conceptualism
---------------------PRO.ED Handout-------------------------------
 Lev Vygotsky -- socio-cultural theory of cognitive
PART 1: KOUNIN'S MGT MODEL (1970) devt , linguistic theory, Scaffolding
 Edgar Dale -- cone of exp. (20% remember)
 stimulus boundedness -- teacher's attention  kohler,koffka, weirtheimer -- gestalt psychology
interrupted by extrateneous stimulus  John Locke -- tabularasa , empiricism
 Thrust -- teacher interrupts students engaged in  Howard Gardner -- multiple int.
activities w/o considering whether the student is  Noam Chomsky -- language acquisition theory , fr
ready or not. of linguistic, nativism
 Dangels -- teacher interrupts activity of student  David Ausubel -- meaningful learning, graphic
and return to it again. organizer, assumption
 Truncations -- teacher does not return to current  Charles Cooley -- looking glass self theory
act. after being interrupted.  John Flavel -- metacognition
 Overdwelling -- teacher focuses on a certian topic  Sandra Bem -- gender schema theory
that will lead to too much time consupmtion, the  Elliot Turriel -- social domain theory
lesson will  Robert Sternberg -- triachic theory of int.
 slow down.  Johm Watson -- behaviorial theory
 Fragmentation -- chunks of lesson for students to  Maria Montessory -- transfer of learning, kinder
understand his/her lesson effectively or breakibg garten preparation of children.
down of act.  Edward Tolman -- purposive behaviorism and
 to cause too much time. goal oriented
 Flip Flop -- teacher changes its activity from  Edward Torrance -- creative problem solving
current activity to new one and vice versa  Bernard Weiner -- attribution theory
 whenever he/she changes his/her mind.  Daniel Goleman/coleman? -- emotional
PART 2 THEORIES AND THEIR PROPONENTS intelligence
 Wolfgang Ratke -- used vernacular for
 Wilhelm Woundt = german psycologist "founder approaching the class.
of modern psychology.  mencius -- idealistic wing of confucianism
 Titchener = structuralism psychology  hzun tzu -- realistic wing of confusianism
 William james, G. Stanley Hall, James M. Cattell....  taoism -- lao tzu
these three promote "functionalism psychology  Herbart spencer -- moral devt
 Charles darwin = theories to mental  Pestallozi -- symmetrical and harmonious devt of
characteristics as human think, feel & behave(" child
evolutionary psychology")  John Jacques Rosseau -- nature of child
 Herman Ebbinghaus = associationism psychology  Arnold Gesell - maturation theory
 Edwin Guthrie = (stimulus and response ) :;  John Dewey - Learning by doing
temporal conguity  David Froebel - Father of kinder garten
 Edward Lee Thorndike = "satisfaction" "the law of  John Bowly - Attainment Theory
effect".  Edward Boro - Six Thinking Hats Theory
 Ivan Pavlov = involuntary behavior  Auguste Comte - Father of Sociology
 Max Wertheimer = gestalt psychology  Carlos Linnaeus - Father of modern taxonomy.
 John Amos Comencius - Fr. of modern education.
 Erasmus Desiderius - Fr. of humanism/ social  7796 -- creating TESDA
humanism  6655 -- Free public secondary act of 1988
 William Kilpatrick - Project method.  4090 -- creating a state scholarship council to
intergrate, systematize, administer and implement
PART 3 all program scholarships and appropriating funds.
o IDEALISM -- plato  5447 -- creation of a special educ. fund act enacted
o REALIAM -- aristotle in 1968 -- organization and extension of classes
-- adding classroom to remote areas,barrios and
o EMPIRICISM -- locke
provincial schools
o PRAGMATISM -- dewey
 6139 -- regulated the secretarian schools/ private
o EXISTENTIALISM – hegel
school in charging higher tuition fee
o PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS -- moore  7687 -- science and technology scholarship act of
o ESSENTIALISM -- bagley 1994
o PERENNIALISM -- hutchins  7743 -- establishment of city and municipal
o PROGRESSIVISM -- dewey libraries.
o RECONSTRUCTIONALISM -- brameld  8292 -- higher educ. modernization act of 1997
o BEHAVIORISM -- skinner or watson  6850 -- an act to grant Civil Service eligibility
o STRUCTURALISM -- helmholts or wundt? under certain conditions to Gov. employees
o FUNCTIONALISM -- james,nugell, or carr? appointed under provisionap or temporary status
o PURPOSIVISM – hormic who rendered 7 years of efficient service
 8545 -- amending RA 7628 Expanded GASTPE Act
PART 4 -ISM  8525 -- Adopt a school program
 8491 -- Flag and Heraldic code of the Ph.
 NATURALISM -- only nature exist, nature is better
 7797 -- lengthen the school prog. to 200 days and
than civilization (NATURALESA ng isang BAGAY)
not more than 220 days
 IDEALISM -- spiritual, values, moral, socratic
 8190 -- act of granting priority to residents of the
method
brgy. where school is located in the appointment
 REALISM -- natural world, values arenatural and
and assignment of school.
absolute, reality exist undercieved
 6972 -- act of stablishing DAY CARE CENTER FOR
 PRAGMATISM/EXPERIMENTALISM -- practical,
EVERY BRGY.
problem solving research, knowledge is what
 7624 -- integrating of drug prevention and control
works, values are related, truth is warranted
in the intermediate & secondary curricula and
assertion.
indigeneous
 ESSENTIALISM -- 3r's (4r's ngayon), achievement
 learning system
test, certain knowledge & skills are essential for
 7743 -- act providing libraries and reading centers
rational being.
throughout the Ph.
 PROGRESSIVISM -- process of development,
 7877 -- anti-sexual harassment act of 1995
higher level of knowledge, the child's need and
 9163 -- NSTP of 2001
interest are relevant to curriculum.
 6193 -- regulation of tuition fees of private educ.
 EXISTENTIALISM -- knowledge is subjective, man
institution
shapes his being as he lives, we are what we do,
 10627 -- anti-bullyinh act of 2013
deciding precedes knowing.
 10533 -- enhance basic educ. act of 2013 (K-12
 PERENNIALISM -- education that last for century,
PROGRAM)
universalist, knowledge is eternally valid.
 9485 -- anti-red tape act
 SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIVISM -- for better society,
 Executive Order (E.O.) 66 -- rule of cancellation of
community based learning
classes due to typhoon, flooding and other
 RECONSTRUCTUONALISM -- the school should
calamities.
help rebuild the social order thus social change.
 BEHAVIORISM -- learning is change in behavior, S- PART 6 Philosophers Related to Learners
R relationship Development
 EMPIRICISM -- knowledge comes thru senses, 5
senses (observatory learning) ✔SIGMUND FREUD -- "the mind is like an iceberg, it floats
 STRUCTURALISM -- complex mental exp. such as with one-seventh of its bulk avove water.
image,feeling and sensation
COMPONENTS OF PERSONALITY
 FUNCTIONALISM -- focus to motivation, thinking
& learning. ID -- pleasure center
 PURPOSIVISM -- individual hormones are
responsible for the motive to strive towards EGO -- reality center
fulfillment of his/her objective. SUPER EGO -- conscience / judgment center.
 PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS -- reality is what
verifiable, truth correspondes to reality, usage PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEV'T
determines meaning
ORAL -- thumb sucking, biting
PART 5: REPUBLIC ACTS
ANAL -- toilet training, control of their bowel.
 9155 -- Governance of basic educ. act of 2001
 6728 -- GASTPE PHALLIC -- sexual interest, genital stimulation.
 7722 -- creating CHED LATENCY -- sexual urges & interest were temporary
 7784 -- " " of center of excellence
GENITAL -- adult sexual interest and activities come to  Basic Conflict: Intimacy vs. Isolation
dominate.  Important Events: Relationships
 Outcome: Young adults need to form intimate,
 Odipus complex - son vs father towards
loving relationships with other people. Success
mother/wife feelings . (excessive attachment)
leads to strong
(Phallic stage)
 relationships, while failure results in loneliness
 Electra complex - daugther vs mother towards
and isolation.
father/husband feelings. (excessive attachment)
(Phallic stage) Stage: Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 years)
Personality Dynamics  Basic Conflict: Generativity vs. Stagnation
LIFE INSTINCT  Important Events: Work and Parenthood
 Outcome: Adults need to create or nurture things
DEATH INSTINCT that will outlast them, often by having children or
creating a
✔ERIK ERICKSON -- "healthy children will not fear in their  positive change that benefits other people. Success
elders have integrity enough to fear of death. leads to feelings of usefulness and
PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES of DEVT accomplishment, while
 failure results in shallow involvement in the
CRISIS -- a person goes through world.
MALADAPTATION -- result from failure to effectivity Stage: Maturity(65 to death)
resolve the problem
 Basic Conflict: Ego Integrity vs. Despair
MALIGNACY -- "  Important Events: Reflection on life
 Outcome: Older adults need to look back on life
VIRTUE -- emerges when balance & resolution of crisis
and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success at this stage
attained.
leads to
PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY STAGES  feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret,
bitterness, and despair.
Stage: Early Childhood (2 to 3 years)
✔LEV VYGOTSKY -- "the teacher must orient his work not
 Basic Conflict: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
on yesterday's devt in the childs but on tomorrow's.
 Important Events: Toilet Training
 Outcome: Children need to develop a sense of SCAFFOLDING -- is the systematic manner of providing
personal control over physical skills and a sense of assistance of the learners to effectively acquire skills.
independence.
MKO(More Knowledge Others) -- higher level of
 Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure
performance.
results in feelings of shame and doubt.

Stage: Preschool (3 to 5 years) ✔JEAN PIAGET -- " the school should be creating men &
women who are capable of doing new things not simply
 Basic Conflict: Initiative vs. Guilt repeating what other generation have done.
 Important Events: Exploration
STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVT.
 Outcome: Children need to begin asserting control
and power over the environment. Success in this o SENSORY MOTOR (BIRTH - 2y/o) -- infants
stage leads to knowledge.
 a sense of purpose. Children who try to exert too o PRE-OPERATIONAL ( 2-7y/o) -- pretent to play
much power experience disapproval, resulting in a but still struggle with logic,mental symbols
sense of guilt. interest.
Stage: School Age (6 to 11 years) o CONCRETE OPERATIONAL (7-11) -- think
logically, hypothetically and concepts, solve
 Basic Conflict: Industry vs. Inferiority problems
 Important Events: School o FORMAL OPERATIONAL (11-UP) -- deductive
 Outcome: Children need to cope with new social reasoning and understanding of abstract ideas,
and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of think symbolically.
competence,
 while failure results in feelings of inferiority. ✔LAWRENCE KOHLBERG -- "right action tends to be
defined in terms of general individual rights and standards
Stage: Adolescence (12 to 18 years) that have been critically examined & agreed upon by the
whole society.
 Basic Conflict: Identity vs. Role Confusion
 Important Events: Social Relationships LEVELS OF MORAL DEVT.
 Outcome: Teens need to develop a sense of self
and personal identity. Success leads to an ability o PRE-CONVENTIONAL -- obidience & punishment
to stay true to (consequences) , individualism & exchange
 yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and o CONVENTIONAL --interpersonal relationship,
a weak sense of self. maintain social order.

Stage: Young Adulthood (19 to 40 years)

 o POST-CONVENTIONAL -- social contract and  working toward common objectives in
individual rights , universal principles, set of cooperative undertakings.
values and beliefs.  managing and resolving conflicts.

✔URIE BROFENBRENNER -- PART 8: COGNITIVE PERSPECTVE: GESTALT PRINCIPLE

ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM THEORY  German word means "whole, form, pattern or

configuration"
o MICROSYSTEM -- sorroundings of individual:  the focus of this theory is on Perception and how
family, friends, neighborhood people assign meaning to visual stimuli "The
o MESOSYSTEM -- connections between context, whole is more than the sum of all parts"
school experiences to church experience.
o EXOSYSTEM -- includes other people and places LAW OF PROXIMITY -- elements that are closer together be
that the child herself may not interact with often perceived as a coherent object.
herself but that still have a large effect on her. LAW OF SIMILARITY -- similar will perceived as part of the
o MACROSYSTEM -- which is the largest and most same form.
remote set of people and places and things to a
child but which still has a great influence over the LAW OF CLOSURE -- ignoring gaps in the figure.
child.
LAW OF CONTINUATION -- patterns establish an implied
✔ALBERT BANDURA -- SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY direction, people tend a good continuous line.

: environment affects child's personality : learning occurs LAW OF PRAGNANZ -- stimulus will be organize into a
by simply observing people, people learned from what good figure as possible.
they see and the consequences of what they did LAW OF FIGURE/GROUND -- we tend to pay attention and
PART 7 FOUR PILLARS OF LEARNING perceived things in the foreground first.

INSIGHT LEARNING -- Gestalt adheres to the idea of

✔LEANING TO KNOW -- focuses on combining broad gen.
learning takes place by discovery.
knowledge and basic educ. with the opportunity to work
on a small number of subjects in the light of rapid changes
brought about by scientific progress ang new forms of
economic and social activity. PART 9

 Learning how to learn and to discover, as to  Ripple Effect -- spreading effect of series of
benefit from ongoing educational opportunities consequences caused by single action or event.
continuously arising throughout life.  Hawthorne Effect -- type of reactivity effect in
 Developing the faculties of memory, imagination, which individuals improve an aspect of their
reasoning and problem solving. behavior in response to their awareness of being
 Understanding about one's environment. observed.
 Communicating with others.  Halo Effect -- cognitive bias which an observer
overall impression of a person, influences the
✔LEARNING TO DO -- emphasizes on the learning of skills observers feeling and thoughts about the entity's
necessary to practice a profession or trade. character or property
 Pygmalion Effect -- Shows the teacher's
 applying in practice what has been learned.
expectation (self-fulfillment)
 developing vocational / occupational and
 Golem Effect -- low expection leads to decrease in
technical skills
performance.
 developing social skills in building meaningful
interpersonal relationships. REINFORCEMENTS
 developing competence, social behavior, aptitude
for teamwork  Positive -- presence of stimulus
 enhancing the ability to communicate and work  Negative -- absence of stimulus
with others  Escape -- removes stimulus
 managing and resolving conflicts.  Avoidance -- prevents stimulus
 Reinforcement -- increase of behavior
✔LEARNING TO BE -- prioritizes the development of the  Punishment -- weakens response.
human potential to the fullest.
Source: Arlene Grace Urmin
 tapping the talents hidden with individual.
----------------GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING-------------------
 developing personal commitment and
responsibility for the common good. 1. The most effective way of teaching young pupils the
concept of moral values.
✔LEARNING TO LIVE TOGETHER -- emphasizes
a. provision of role modeling
understanding of others, their history, tradition and
b. setting of rules of conduct
cultures, and also living and interacting peacefully
c. reading of stories with moral values
together.
d. imposition of punitive measures
 appreciating diversity of human race
 being receptive to others and encounter others Ans: a
through dialogue and debate.
2. Best guide in handling disciplinary problems in school
 caring about others
a. upholding the dignity of the individual at all cast within a 9. A child develops self-confidence if?
realistic teacher – pupil realationship a. he is praised and acknowledge of his good deed
b. negative approach such as sarcasm, ridicule, b. he is treated justly and fairly
intimidation and the like should never be used. c. he is ignored when he commits mistakes
c. prohibition on the use of corporal punishment and other d. ho is allowed to do whatever he wants
harmful methods
d. vigilance and alertness by the teacher in sensing the Ans: a
needs of the pupils.
10. Which of the following statement is TRUE being a sound
Ans: a principle of guidance?
a. it is curative rather than preventive
3. Joselito has been disturbing the class by his unruly b. problem focused rather than person – centered
behavior. As the teacher, what should you do first? c. it is prescriptive rather than suggestive
a. call his parents to a dialogue d. it is preventive rather than curative
b. explain to him the bad effects on his behavior
c. bring him to the principal’s office Ans: d
d. scold him in front of his classmates
11. Which of the following is the mean purpose of testing?
Ans: b a. facilitate the learning process
b. enhance the effectiveness of counseling
4. What guidance principle is upheld when a counselor c. improved instructional process
refuses to divulge the result of the standardized test to d. all of the above
another person?
a. mutuality Ans: b
b. counseling
c. confidentiality 12. Which of the following records students’ typical or
d. objectivity unusual behavior?
a. attitude report
Ans: c b. narrative report
c. aptitude report
5. Aurora is lagging behind in the academic work. she d. anecdotal record
should be:
a. given remedial instructions Ans: d
b. given special curriculum
c. place in a special education class 13. The counseling process which summarizes and organizes
d. place with students with low abilities data to determine the student’s positive and
negative qualities
Ans: c a. diagnosis
b. prognosis
6. First step in the organizational of an effective guidance c. analysis
program. d. synthesis
a. evaluation of the guidance program
b. allocation of duties and responsibilities Ans: d
c. structuring of the organizational plan
d. formulation of the goals ang objectives of the program 14. It refers to a counselor’s prediction of the client’s future
developments
Ans: d a. prognosis
b. diagnosis
7. What does it mean when one say “Punish the act, not the c. analysis
child”? d. synthesis
a. the act must be condemned for all its negative effects
b. punishment imposed depending on the gravity of the act Ans: a
or offense
c. identify first the causes of the offense 15. Refers to when the counselor shows that he feels what
d. the child must be advised not to repeat the offense his client feels
a. assimilation
Ans: c b. empathy
c. warmth
8. Bernardo has a problem of frequent absences and d. acceptance
tardiness in submitting class requirements. This could be
a result of? Ans: b
a. poor study habits
b. low level of aspiration 16. Which of the following is a characteristic of a good
c. lack of motivation guidance program?
d. low intelligence a. reaches all members of the academic community
b. provides for coordinated activity and effort
Ans: c c. provides for a continuous in – service education for
teachers
d. all of the above statements are correct a. He is lazy, good for nothing boy although he can beat his
e. only b and c statements are correct records if he tries.
b. He is one of the students whose parents don’t care
Ans: d c. Carlo is an attention – getter. If even the chance, he can
beat his own record.
17. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE of the d. If found to be wanting in attention, Carlo should be
principle of guidance helped by recognizing his potentials. be it in
a. guidance is concerned with prevention academics or sports or service.
b. guidance workers should observe a code of ethics
c. guidance should be continuing process Ans: d
d. all of the above
e. none of the above 23. Expressing freely your opinion about an issue, whether
generally acceptable or not is a democratic process. In your
Ans: e class, a student always negatively opines that the class fails
for insightful think through the issue.
18. Which of the following situation will most likely need How will you handle this behavior?
guidance counseling? a. Let go of his thinking, after all, this is a democratic
a. when the student is unaware that he has a certain country
problem but is unable to cope with it intelligently b. Stop his negativism
b. when the student is suffuring from a major handicap and c. Recognize his differing view but encourage the class to
maladjustment which demands careful share their thoughts about the negative response.
diagnosis d. Embarrass him so he will keep quiet.
c. when the student need an interesting interpretation of
an information which meets his own personal Ans: c
difficulties
d. only a and b 24. A second year transferee is quite withdrawn from his
e. all of the above classmates. What should be done to help him join his
classmates?
Ans: e a. give him ample time to socialize
19. The feeling of being threatened by an overzealous and b. assign a group of his classmates to be with him
over thinking student oftentimes cause insecurity in the c. determine the cause of his behavior
teacher aggressive behavior? d. encourage and support him by calling during recitations
a. Remain calm help the class give suggestions on how to
handles the situation Ans: a
b. Beat around the blush. Bluff.
c. Help the erring student. Show you appreciate his 25. In San Bartolome Elementary School, intelligent pupils
thoughts. or fast learners have their classes in the afternoon.
d. Ignore it and just remain quite Seven of the intelligent pupils are bottled water who earn a
living in the afternoon, thus, they cannot attend their classes
Ans: a full time. How can the counselor help the pupils?
a. Request the teacher concerned to give remedial classes
20. Why should the practice of giving punishments or giving to the affected pupils
low or failing grades as a form of discipline be avoided? b. Convince the parents to stop their children from vending
a. so as not to incite anger from student c. The counselor will conduct remedial classes for the
b. failure may result in low aspirations working pupils
c. because student have negative attitudes towards d. Make arrangements with the school principal and the
punishment teacher to adjust the schedule of the affected pupils
d. punishment does not develop self discipline
Ans: d
Ans: b
26. What approach does a teacher uses when she provides a
21. In a class of 45 students. you observed that majority are classroom environment with opportunities for
cheating during examinations. You know that the teacher students to attain self – actualization of his potential and
knows this simply refuses to take steps to correct this abilities?
misconduct. What is the best to correct the situation? a. Punitive
a. Call your co – teacher’s attention to the situation b. Developmental
b. Simply ignore the situation c. Prophylactic
c. Suggest establishing class officers through which the d. Remedial
problem of cheating be solved
d. Since the class always tops the examination in school, Ans: c
leave
27. What counseling strategy would the teacher use if she
Ans: c wants to utilize interpreting and giving instructions
imparting of new ideas and information to shape
22. Carlo continuously creates trouble in and out of the subsequent behavior, thoughts or feelings
classroom. You have received complaints about him being a a. Informative
bully, but he is one of the poorest students in your class. b. Confronting
What seems to be his problem? c. Cathartic
d. Supportive c. Regular increment every 3 years
d. Increment after five years
Ans: a
5. Which of the following is NOT recognized by the Magna
28. This means instructing the child in the ethical principles, Carta for Public School Teachers?
why and how to decide and act according to principles. Its a. Quality education depends primarily on the quality of
goal is to motivate the child to have a self – discipline socio-economic status of teachers.
a. Guidance b. Advancement in education depends on the
b. Counselling teachers' qualifications and ability.
c. Modelling c. Education is an essential factor in the economic growth
d. Discipline of the nation.
d. Education is development and vice-versa.
Ans: d
6. What appointment can be given to Teacher A who
29. One of the two major style of counseling where the possesses the minimum qualifications but lacks the
counselor directs, instruct, or guides the person in need appropriate but lacks the appropriate civil service
to an appropriate action. eligibility?
a. Developmental a. Contractual basis
b. Prescriptive b. Permanent
c. Confronting c. Provisional
d. Emphatic d. Substitute

Ans: b 7. Which of the following rights is intended for parents

under Education Act of 1982?
30. What else should a counselor do to make follow up a. The right to academic freedom
service functional aside from knowing the reasons or b. The right to privacy of communication
cause of a particular situation? c. The right to seek redress of grievance
a. Disseminate the information as to the reasons of a d. The right to full access to the evidence of the case
particular situation
b. Inform the parents of the reasons 8. What can help achieve relevant quality education?
c. Conduct an exit interview a. Strong curriculum
b. Competent instruction
Ans: d c. School-community relations
d. Competent administrator
http://letqa.blogspot.com/
9. Which of the following provisions under the Magna Carta
Source: Pangan & Novales for Public School Teachers will most likely promote
teachers' welfare and defend their interests?
a. Be promoted in rank and salary
--------------Teaching Profession Part 1------------------------ b. Regulate their social involvement
c. Undergo and participate in professional development
1. Which of the following emphasizes the right of citizens to d. Establish, join and maintain professional and self-
quality education? regulation organizations
a. The basic education level
b. Tertiary level 10. What does "teachers are persons in
c. The graduate level authority" imply?
d. All levels a. Teachers cannot be charged.
b. No person can assault a teacher.
2. Which educational level/s provide/s for free and c. Teachers have immunity from arrest.
compulsory education as stipulated in Article IV, Section 2 of d. Decisions made by teachers are deemed right.
the Philippine Constitution?
a. Elementary level 11. Who among the following characterizes a professional
b. Secondary level teacher?
c. Elementary and secondary levels a. An education graduate who received honors
d. Tertiary level b. A teacher who has taught for at least six years
c. A teacher who has attended national seminars on
3. Who among the following is in the category of  non- teaching
academic personnel as provided for under Education Act of d. A teacher who qualifies for a permanent position under
1982? RA 4670
a. Guidance counselors
b. School principal 12. Who are covered by RA 4670?
c. School nurse a. Teachers in all levels
d. School librarian b. Teachers in all public elementary schools
c. Teachers in both public and private schools
4. How is gradual progression of teacher's salary from d. Teachers in public elementary and secondary schools
minimum to maximum done?
a. Regular increment every year
b. Increment after ten years of service
13. Teacher B has been in  active service for 10 years when a. Learning to be
he decided to pursue  higher studies. Under RA 4670, what b. Learning to live together
kind of leave of absence can s/he avail of? c. Learning to do
a. Indefinite leave d. Learning to know
b. Scholarship leave
c. Study leave 22. Teacher K teaches in a public school in her locality. Due
d. Vacation leave to teacher shortage, her classroom teaching starts from 6
am and ends at 3 pm. Is the assignment given her just?
14. When can teachers be required to work on assignment a. Yes, the situation demands that she render longer
not related to their duties? teaching hours.
a. When on probation b. Yes, as long as she signs a conforme letter to that effect.
b. When found inefficient c. No, rendering longer teaching hours would make the
c. When lacking in educational qualifications teacher tired and exhausted.
d. When compensated under existing laws d. No, Magna Carta for Public School Teachers states that in
the exigencies of service, any teacher may be required to
15. Teacher C has been teaching 7 straight years and render more than six hours and not more than eight hours
therefore qualities for a study leave with pay for one year. of actual classroom teaching a day.
Should she pursue it, how much pay is she entitled to
receive? 23. Teacher L, a graduate of BSEd with majorship in
a. 50% of monthly salary Mathematics teaches in a national high school in her
b. 60% of monthly salary province. Since she has been rated outstanding in  her
c. 70% of monthly salary performance, can she be exempted from taking the LET?
d. 100% monthly salary a. Yes, that is a privilege that must be given to teachers
whose performance is outstanding.
16. Which of the following laws strengthens teacher b. Yes, if approved by PRC.
education in the Philippines through the establishment of c. No, RA 7836 states that no person shall practice or offer
centers of excellence? to practice the teaching profession in the Philippines or be
a. RA 7722 appointed as teacher to any position calling for a teaching
b. RA 7784 position without having previously obtained a valid
c. RA 7796 certificate and a valid license from the Commission.
d. RA 7834 d. No, professional license is required of all teachers
regardless of age and teaching
17. What does free public secondary educational under the performance.
law mean?
a. Right of every student to enter public secondary schools 24. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the
b. Free from being screened to enter Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers?
pubic secondary schools a. The teacher must select which information to keep
c. Free from payment of school fees identifies and confidential
authorized by law b. The teacher must demonstrate full commitment and
d. Free from payment of tuition and other fees for students devotion to duty
enrolled in public secondary schools c. The teacher must manifest pride in the nobility of the
teaching profession
18. Teacher D is assigned in a rural area; Teacher E in a d. The teacher must make no prejudice or discrimination
depressed community; Teacher F in a hazardous area; and against any learner
Teacher G in a place where standard of living is high. Who is
entitled to a hardship allowance? 25. Which of the following could be the reason for the
a. Teacher D teacher's suspension from the practice of the teaching
b. Teacher E profession?
c. Teacher F a. Immoral, unprofessional or dishonorable conduct
d. Teacher G b. Observing proper procedures in obtaining a certificate of
registration
19. Teacher H contracted an illness that required rest for c. Faithfulness to the code of ethical and professional
more than one year. Which leave should she apply for? standards for professional teachers
a. Sick leave d. Willingness to attend seminars, workshops, conferences
b. Personal leave and the like or the continuing
c. Vacation leave education program prescribed by the Board and the
d. Indefinite leave Commission.

20. A school personnel can avail of free legal service under -----Answers: 1D 2C 3C 4C 5D 6C 7C 8B 9D 10B 11D 12D
certain circumstances. Principal I was accused of maligning 13C 14D 15B 16B 17D 18C 19D 20D 21B 22D 23C 24A
her neighbor. Is Principal I entitled to the said service? 25A------
a. Yes, she should defend herself.
b. No, if funds are not available. Teaching Profession Part 2
c. No, it might bring some disagreements in school
d. No, the case is not related to her professional duties. 1. Ms. Sanchez, a BSE graduate, has not passed the LET yet.
On what capacity can she
21. Teacher J discusses conflicts between warring groups in be hired?
Mindanao. Which pillar should he stress more? a. Permanent status
b. Emergency status b. Performance rating
c. Provisional for not less six months c. Providing public information of their policies and
d. Provisional for not less than one year procedures
d. Encouraging appreciation of government agencies
2. Teacher M suffers from hypertension and experiences
difficulty in speech. Which would be affected if he continues 10. Which of the following shows responsiveness of public
teaching? officials and employees?
a. Personality a. Avoiding wastage in public funds
b. Punctuality b. Formulating rules and policies regarding work
c. Effectiveness c. Providing public information of their policies and
d. Devotion to duty procedures
d. Encouraging appreciation of government services
3. Teacher N wants to continue with her study leave for
another six months after completing a school year. Could she 11. Teacher S, a Science teacher has been accused of sexual
be allowed? harassment by one of her students. What should the school
a. Yes, if her grades are excellent. principal do?
b. Yes, but without compensation. a. Ask the teacher to surrender to the police.
c. No, other teachers should have the chance. b. Tell the teacher to stop reporting to school.
d. No, study leave should not exceed one year. c. Advice the teacher to transfer to other school.
d. Create a committee to investigate the accusation.
4. Teacher O tutors her students, who have difficulty coping
with Math, after class hours. Is her act ethical? 12. Teacher T receives a love letter from one of her third
a. Yes, provided she receives jut compensation. year high school students in English. What should Mr.
b. Yes, provided she does not require a fee from the parent. Martin do?
c. No, that is unfair to other students. a. Read her letter to the class.
d. No, she should be free after her official time. b. Let the student express her feelings through letters.
c. Return the letter to the student and tell her not to do it
5. Teacher P, the English coordinator, was assisted by again.
Teacher Q throughout the celebration of English Week. d. Surrender the letter to the parent of the student.
What could Teacher P do to acknowledge Teacher Q's
assistance? 13. Mr. Nico, a Social Science teacher is advocating reforms
a. Buy her a gift which the principal failed to recognize. What should the
b. Keep quiet about the assistance received. principal do?
c. Mention formally to the principal the assistance a. Subject Mr. Nico to a disciplinary measure.
received. b. Just keep quiet about the behavior of Mr. Nico
d. Make an announcement giving due recognition of the c. Call Mr. Nico to the office and clarify things out with him.
assistance received. d. Send Mr. Nico a memo requiring him to explain his
behavior.
6. Is holding a rally to protest the delay of benefits due a
person ethically acceptable? 14. Which of the following manifests "Commitment to
a. Yes, when hold while on official time. democracy" as explained in RA 6713?
b. Yes, when hold outside the official time. a. Maintaining the principle of accountability.
c. Yes, when hold with approval of the principal. b. Committing to democratic values and ways of life.
d. Yes, when hold together with parents and students. c. Manifesting by deeds the supremacy of civilian authority
over the military.
7. What should a teacher do when he/she falls in love with d. All of the above
his/her student?
a. Court the student at home. 15. Teacher U was ordered by her principal to come to
b. Propose and marry the student. school on four consecutive Saturdays for the training of
c. Wait till the student is no longer under his/her tutelage. students' editorial staff of their school paper. Is this
d. Act normally as if nothing happens and the student does allowed under RA 4670?
not exist. a. Yes, provided the teacher is compensated.
b. No, because it's not within the regular functions of
8. When a Principal starts to exercise his/her powers over the classroom teacher.
making and promoting students, is his/her action c. Yes, because it's part of the teacher's other
acceptable? duties
a. Yes, when the teacher cannot make decision on time. d. No, because it's not clearly indicated in the law
b. Yes, when there is abuse of judgment on the part of the
teacher. 16. Dr. Velasco, a schools' division superintendent
c. No, teachers are more knowledgeable of their acted on the complaint filed by a group of parents against
student's performance. the alleged misconduct of a particular teacher. She issued a
d. No, grading and promoting students are exclusive memorandum requiring her to take a leave of absence for a
functions of teachers. week while the complaint is being heard yet. Was the action
of the superintendent legal?
9. Teacher R was asked by her principal to teach pre-school a. Yes, because she is the superintendent.
class in addition to her regular grade one class. What will be b. No, because the complaint has not been heard yet.
the basis for her additional compensation? c. Yes, the superintendent has disciplinary authority over
a. Her basic salary teachers.
d. No, the superintendent has no disciplinary authority d. No, the reason is simple unacceptable.
over teachers.
24. Which of the following is NOT in the norms of conduct
17. A school's academic coordinator has been found to under RA 6713?
have engaged in gambling which has caused him to be a. Professionalism
absent most of the time. Can his certificate of registration as b. Justness and sincerity
a teacher be revoked? c. Commitment to public interest
a. No, unless he's proven guilty. d. Responsiveness to the private
b. No, because he's protected by his rights as a
teacher. 25. Which of the following is true about the teacher as a
c. Yes, because he's incompetent. person under the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers?
d. Yes, because habitual gambling is a dishonorable a. Live with dignity at all times wherever he/she is
conduct and is against the practice of b. Serve as a model worthy of emulation
teaching. c. Place premium upon self-respect and self-discipline
d. All of the above.
18. Mr. Santos is a holder of a valid certificate of eligibility
as a teacher issued by the Civil Service Commissioner and -----Answers: 1D 2C 3B 4B 5D 6B 7C 8B 9D 10C 11D 12C
the then DECS, while Mr. Cruz is a registered professional. 13C 14D 15C 16C 17D 18C 19C 20D 21B 22C 23B 24D
Who is allowed to practice the teaching profession in the 25D------
Philippines?
a. Mr. Santos, because of his CSC eligibility certificate. http://www.prcboard.com
b. Mr. Cruz, because their credentials are both recognized
by law.
c. Both of them, because their credentials are both ---------Social Dimensions in Education/Developments
recognized by law. in Education Part 1--------------------------
d. Neither of the two because they did not take and pass
the LET. 1. Which of the following conditions manifests trend of
globalization?
19. What is RA 6713 also called? a. Establishment of stronger boundaries between and
a. Ethical Standards for public Employees among nations.
b. Code of Ethical Standards for Government Officials and b. Increased awareness on the importance of national
Employees cultures and traditions.
c. Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public c. Less and less impact of human activity on the planet
Officials and Employees earth.
d. Code of Ethical Standards and Conduct of Government d. The incorporation of local and national economies into a
Officials and Employees worldwide global economy.

20. Teacher V, a BEED graduate is preparing for the LET. 2. According to the Delors report, there are a number of
Which of the following should she focus her attention more? main tensions central to the problems of the twenty first
a. General Education century that we need to overcome. One of them is the
b. Specialization challenge to an individual how he or she can adapt to the
c. Professional Education changing world without forgetting or turning his/her back
d. General Education and Professional Education from the past. What kind of tension or conflict is manifested
in this situation?
21. What norm of conduct is manifested by being loyal to the a. Tension between tradition and modernity
republic and to the Filipino people? b. Tension between the global and the local
a. Professionalism c. Tension between the universal and the individual
b. Nationalism and Patriotism d. Tension between long term and short term
c. Responsiveness to the public considerations
d. Honesty
3. Which of the following features represents the new
22. Mr. Salazar, a school superintendent, filed his statement paradigm shift in education?
of assets and liabilities upon assuming to office. Under what a. Traditional pedagogies
ethical standard does this practice fall? b. Lifelong education for all
a. Divestment c. Rigid subject matter boundaries
b. Prohibited Acts and Transactions d. Knowledge as the only learning outcome
c. Statement of Assets and Liabilities
d. System of Incentives 4. What is the measure of relevance in education?
a. Democratization of access
23. Principal B acted on the letter of complaint received by b. Functionality and meaningfulness
his office 30 days after saying he was preoccupied by more c. Ability to sustain education through the future
important things the past days. Is his reason acceptable? d. Excellence and effectiveness
a. Yes, because he has to prioritize things.
b. No, RA 6713 states that public officials and employees 5. What is the concern of Multicultural Education?
must act promptly on letters and a. Anticipating the future and imagining possible and
requests within 15 working days from receipt thereof. probable futures.
c. Yes, because the letter of complaint can wait and is of no b. Gender equality and harnessing of the role of women in
urgency. development.
c. Promoting care for the environment and building a d. From more flexible learning styles to a prescribed
global culture of ecological responsibility. pedagogy
d. The exploration of concepts of cultural diversity,
similarities and prejudices to promote cultural 11. What educational approach/perspective recognizes the
understanding. knowledge and experience of women, racial groups and
ethnic groups as being just, as valid and relevant as the
6. Which of the following may be considered an economic knowledge of dominant groups in mainstream academic
impact of globalization on education? discourse?
a. Increasing commercialization of education and the a. Transformative education
corporate takeover of education b. Multicultural education
b. Weakening of the notion of the "citizen" as a c. Inclusive education
unified and unifying concept. d. Global education
c. New technologies of information and communication
creates new approaches to learning 12. How does the notion of cultural relativity and variability
d. Reduction of state and government support and subsidy affect the teaching-learning processes in school?
for education a. The students' varied cultural background will in
now way affect the way they will learn the lessons in
7. Which of the following aptly describes Marshall school.
Mcluhans' concept of global village? b. The students can readily adjust to the way the teacher
a. The idea that because of rapid globalization and initiates learning in school because children are adaptable
development in technology, the world has become one beings no matter what culture they come from.
global village where increased diversity and difference c. The child's cultural background influences the
among people has become more pronounced than ever. children's way of interpreting and viewing the world;
b. Rapid integration of the planet through media and hence, teachers must consider the children's world
technology where events in one part of the world could be view when teaching.
experienced from other parts in real-time, similar to what d. The teacher should be wary of differing cultural points
human experience was like when we lived in small villages. of view and must make sure that students will see things
c. Global Village is the kind of global world we are the same way.
experiencing, characterized by
fundamentalism, apathy and conflict brought about by 13. Which among the following is the focus of Civic
clashes of cultures. Education?
d. People's cultural and religious identities will be the a. Promote understanding of human rights, concepts and
primary source of conflict in the post-Cold War world as values to enable learners to comprehend and
evidenced by the conflict between fundamentalist Muslims transform conditions which give rise to human rights
and the western world. violations.
b. Learning for effective participation in democratic and
8. When planning her lessons and units, Mrs. Jones is careful development processes at both local and
to include books and resources from a national levels.
variety of cultures and ethnic groups. What kind of c. Foster a vision of education for sustainable development
education is this? and care for the environment.
a. Multilingual education d. Empower people with the skills, attitudes and
b. Transformative education knowledge to build a peaceful world based on justice
c. Multicultural education and human rights.
d. Gender free education
14. Which of the following initiatives would NOT help a
9. Which of the following is NOT   a characteristic of school address diversity?
globalization? a. Using ability grouping
a. Stretching a social, political and b. Using cooperative learning
economic activities across political frontiers, regions and c. Working with neighborhood groups
continents. d. Using culturally-relevant teaching methods
b. The growing magnitude of interconnectedness and flows
of trade, investment and migration. 15. If the teacher is emphasizing the development of the
c. A speeding up of global interactions and processes learner's competency to transform knowledge into
through worldwide systems of transportation and innovations and job-creation, what pillar of education does
communication. s/he is actually promoting?
d. The expansion of economic protectionism and isolation a. Learning to Know
of poor countries. b. Learning to Do
c. Learning to Live Together
10. Which of the following illustrates the major paradigm d. Learning to Be
shift in education in the 21st century?
a. Shift from rigid subject matter to a more 16.What pillar of education which emphasizes learning
interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary pedagogical to be human, through acquisition of knowledge, skills and
approach. values conducive to personality development?
b. Shift from values education and emotional learning to a. Learning to Know
knowledge dominated curriculum b. Learning to Do
c. From contextualized themes generated from global and c. Learning to Live Together
local realities to pre-organized subject matter d. Learning to Be
17. A class is composed of students coming from several a. Employ education to regain parts of a lost children and
ethnic communities including Muslims and lumads. They to facilitate the experiences that support healthy social,
seem to have difficulty understanding each others' emotional and intellectual growth and development
behavior and points of view. What should the teacher do? b. Provide employment opportunity for them as well as
a. Introduce multicuturalism in the class and their parents to attain financial independence
provide activities for practice. c. Offer them to migrate in neighboring country as foreign
b. Threaten the students that if there are students who do refugees
not behave and tolerant of their classmates, s/he will be d. Secure their safety by imposing strict curfew hours
dropped from class.
c. Inform students that they will all be learning new ways 23. The United Nations is committed to address climate
of thinking and behaving in this class, so they might as well through mitigation and adaptation. Which of the following
leave their cultural idiosyncrasies at home. is the best way of addressing the issue?
d. Assign bright students to monitor and control behavior a. Deepen strategic and operational collaboration with
of poor students. international and regional organizations, including
international financial institutions and regional
18. Which of the following qualities should be developed by development banks, and other stakeholders.
the pillar, Learning to Live Together? b. Developing a policy framework that identifies basic
a. Strong appreciation of the diversity of the human race elements needed to prevent human rights violations.
b. Readiness to take risks and resolve or manage conflicts c. Facilitate and execute agreements on reducing emissions
c. Scientific spirit and an inquiring mind from deforestation and forest degradation to protect
d. Complete fulfillment of humans, in all the richness of forests and sustain the livelihoods of the people who
his/her personality depend on them.
d. Enhancing collaboration among humanitarian
19. Which of the following statements about Gender is organizations, particularly from the global South, at the
correct? local, national and regional levels, to strengthen
a. Gender is biologically determined. community resilience and emergency response, and
b. Gender is socially and culturally-constructed. establishing a monitoring system to assess progress on the
c. Gender roles are the same in all societies. implementation of preparedness measures.
d. Gender is an ascribed status in society.
24. Why are educational environments very crucial to peace
20. UNICEF and UNESCO are two key UN agencies which are education?
particularly active advocates of education for peace. Which a. The social, cultural, economic and political contexts in
of the following is not supported by UNESCO in promoting which educators work shape the specific
peace in the schools? content and methods they choose for peace education.
a. Uphold children's basic rights as outlined in the b. The variety of different educational settings from rural
Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) to urban, school-based to community and within the
b. Develop a climate that models peaceful and respectful formal curricula or non-formal popular education projects
behavior among all members of the learning community are relevant to peace education.
c. Demonstrate the principles of equality and non- c. Many teachers infuse peace education into traditional
discrimination in administrative policies academic subjects such as literature, math, science, history,
d. Enable the teachers to stress peace-making in social language, civics and the arts.
studies classroom only when necessary d. All of the above

21. One way to advance peace education is through 25. What is celebrated every December 10?
partnerships of various non-governmental organizations, a. Mother Language day
education institutions, United Nations specialized bodies b. Human Rights Day
which link ideals of peace with research and practice. One c. Earth's Day
such significant examples is the Hague Agenda for Peace d. International Day of Tolerance
and Justice for the 21st Century. What is the aim of the
Agenda's Global Campaign for Peace Education? (Answers: 1D 2B 3B 4B 5D 6A 7A 8C 9D 10A 11C 12D 13B
a. Helps coordinate local initiatives and unite educators in 14A 15B 16D 17A 18A 19B 20D 21B 22A 23C 24D 25B)
the common practice of educating for a culture of peace.
b. Supports the UN Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non- Social Dimensions in Education/Developments in
violence for the Children of the World and to introduce Education Part 2
peace and human rights education into all educational  
institutions. 1. What kind of tension is referred to when people prefer to
c. Brings together multiple traditions of pedagogy, theories have quick answers and ready solution to many problems
of education, and international initiatives for the even if its calls for a patient, concerted, negotiated strategy
advancement of total human development and care for the of reform?
environment through learning. a. Tension between modernity and tradition
d. Serves to enhance learning across subjects like conflict b. Tension between long term and short term
resolution initiatives. considerations
c. Tension between spiritual and material
22. The impact of conflict on children whether as victims of d. Tension between individual and universal
war or child soldiers has been brought to world attention
through media, international organizations and eye witness 2. In what strands of the four pillars of education implies a
accounts. What is the best thing to do to help children shift from skill to competence, or a mix of higher-order skills
affected by conflict? specific to each individual?
a. Learning to Know c. From knowledge limited to the local scene to the
b. Learning to Do globalized knowledge, values, attitudes, and skills
c. Learning to Live Together interfaced with local wisdom.
c. Learning to Be d. Pre-organized subject matter to localized themes
generated from the global realities and the cultural
3. Which of the following is NOT true about the Four Pilalrs relevant, meaningful and useful to learner.
of Learning?
a. The pillars of learning stress the goal of contributing to 10. What current current trend in education focuses on the
social cohesion, intercultural and international study of the basic concepts, beliefs  and values underlying
understanding, peaceful interchange, and harmony. our democratic political community and constitutional
b. The Pillars of Learning imply a shift from schooling to order?
learning throughout life by "learning how to a. Civic education
learn" b. Development education
c. The pillars of learning stress the importance of closer c. Peace education
linkage between education and the world of work. c. Multicultural education
d. The Pillars of Learning adheres to the instrumental and
purely academic view of education that focuses on the 11. Which of the following is the first target of the
achievement of specific aims of education such as Millennium Development Goals (MDG's) formulated by
economic productivity. member states of the UN in September 2000?
a. Reduce child mortality
4. What pillar of education of J. Delors (UNESCO) focuses on b. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
voc-tech relevant to people-centered human development? c. Reduce death due to HIV/AIDS and malaria
a. Learning to Know d. Achieve universal access to primary education
b. Learning to Do
c. Learning to Live Together 12. Which among the following statements about Human
d. Learning to Be Rights Education (HRE) is correct?
a. HRE is more of the responsibilities of the state to
5. The rapid traversing of ideas, attitudes and values across implement human rights law rather than the protection of
national borders that generally leads to an the rights holders
interconnectedness and interaction between peoples of b. HRE should focus more on rights based on "law in
diverse cultures and ways of life. What is being referred to? books", rather than "law in real-life".
a. Cultural Globalization c. HRE needs to focus on the values, principles, and
b. Fundamentalism standards and human rights and how they can be
c. Multiculturalism translated into day-to-day actions
d. Clash of civilization d. Human Rights Standards vary from society to society
and HRE therefore should also vary in terms
6. Which is considered a political impact of globalization? of approaches and methods
a. Changing role of education in terms of preparing
students for the world of work 13. What is the implication and globalization to the practice
b. The threat to the autonomy of national educational and experience of education?
systems by globalization. a. Increase of state and government support and subsidy
c. Reforms in education as lifelong education for education
d. Branding, globalization and learning to be consumers b. Commodification and the corporate takeover of
education
7. What United Nation Decade are we celebrating for 2005- c. Greater autonomy of national educational systems
2014? d. Delocalization of technologies and orientations in
a. Educating for Culture of Peace education
b. Educating for International  Understanding
c. Educating for Sustainable Development 14. Which of the following skills corresponds to the Fourth
d. Promoting the Rights of the Elderly Pillar of Learning, "Learning to live together"?
a. Empathy and cooperative social behavior
8. With the growing competition brought about by b. Personal commitment and sense of responsibility
globalization, what is preferred by most employers in hiring c. Adaptability to change in the world of work
their employees? d. Reasoning and problem solving skills
a. Flexible
b. Selective 15. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of
c. Quick Multicultural education?
d. None of the above a. Personality empowering
b. Socially transformative
9. Which of the following characteristics does NOT describe c. Pedagogically humanistic
contextualized learning as a major paradigm shift in d. Culturally discriminating
education?
a. From limited access to time-bound and space limited 16. What is the character of education that manifests
education, to borderless education, lifelong learning for all democratization of access and inclusivity?
in a learning society. a. Relevance
b. From traditional pedagogies to more modern strategies b. Sustainability
of teaching and learning. c. Quality
d. Equity
17. What is the kind of education that emphasizes human- 24. Which of the following is accurate in regard to working
earth relationships and fosters a vision of education for with parents in diverse classrooms?
sustainable development to build a global culture of a. The parent's culture is important, but should not
ecological responsibility? influence their children's education.
a. Human Rights Education b. Teachers should demonstrate their
b. Development Education "expertise" to parents to show they know best.
c. Environmental Education c. Teachers should strive to use a variety of ways to keep
d. Global Education parents informed, including parents who cannot speak
English or Filipino.l
18. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of multicultural d. The importance of the family's influence on
education? children's education has diminished over the past
a. Multicultural education increases positive relationships few years.
through achievement of common goals, respect,
appreciation and commitment to equality among the 25. Which of the following is NOT a guiding statement of
teachers and students. peace education?
b. Multicultural education decreases stereotyping and a. Peace education teaches students what to think rather
prejudice through direct contact and interaction among than how to think.
diverse individuals. b. Peace education employs holistic and participatory
c. Multicultural education promotes independence of approach.
various ethnic groups in development and supports c. Peace education aims not to reproduce but transform.
fragmented view of the world. d. Peace builds bridges of support among key participants.
d. Multicultural education renews vitality of society
through the richness of the different cultures of its (Answers: 1B 2B 3D 4B 5A 6B 7C 8A 9A 10A 11B 12C 13B
members and fosters development. 14A 15D 16D 17C 18C 19A 20C 21D 22A 23D 24C 25A)
Credits: PRCBOARD.COM
19. Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of
social media?
a. Mass media decreases prejudice and discrimination. -------------Foundations of Education Part 1------------------
b. Mass media enriches the educational programs.
c. Mass media increases student's exposure to 1. The Department of Education gives greater emphasis on
diversity. the development of basic skills. What is the philosophical
d. Mass media helps provoke discussion of current issues. basis for this?
a. Essentialism
20. Which among the following rights manifests rule of law b. Existentialism
and good governance? c. Perennialism
a. Right to education d. Pragmatism
b. Right to environment protection
c. Right of participation 2. Teacher M views his students as unique, free-choosing and
d. Right to work responsible individuals. All classroom activities revolve
around the said premise. What theory underlies this?
21. Which among the following is NOT a core principle of a. Essentialism
human rights? b. Existentialism
a. Human dignity c. Progressivism
b. Non-discrimination d. Realism
c. Universality
d. Independency 3. Religious rituals in the classroom and in the school
programs prove the deep natural religiosity of the Filipinos.
22. How are human rights principles reflected in Which philosophy has greatly contributed to the tradition?
the activities of national and local governments? a. Buddhism
a. Legislating laws to include rights education in all levels b. Confucianism
of schooling c. Hinduism
b. Organizing local exhibit or event to highlight the d. Islam
children's talents and local products
c. Asking the community leaders to volunteer in the 4. In order to make Roman education truly utilitarian, how
construction of a barangay hall should the day-to-day lessons be taught?
d. Lobbying to the UN High Commission for Human Rights a. Taught in the students' native dialect
to allocate higher budget for Philippines' b. Taught interestingly through the play way method
Commission on Human Rights. c. Related and linked to the events happening in everyday
life
23. Which of the following could be a reason to justify peace d. Practiced at home under the guidance of their respective
education as a series of "teaching encounters" or parents.
teaching-learning process?
a. Desire for peace 5. Which influenced the military training requirements
b. Nonviolent alternatives for managing conflict among students in the secondary and tertiary levels?
c. Skills for critical analysis of structural arrangements that a. Chinese
produce and legitimize injustice and inequality b. Greeks
d. All of the above c. Orientals
d. Romans b. Pragmatism
c. Progressivism
6. Which philosophy has the educational objective to d. Realism
indoctrinate Filipinos to accept the teachings of the Catholic
church which is foster faith in God? 14. Which one does not illustrate the principle that rights
a. Realism and duties are correlative?
b. Pragmatism a. The right of an unmarried pregnant teacher to abort her
c. Idealism baby in relation to her duty to protect her name and her
d. Existentialism job as a teacher
b. The right of a state to compel students to military
7. Virtue as one component in the teaching of Rizal as a service is reciprocated by the duty of the state to protect
course focuses on the teaching of good and beauty them.
consistent with the good and beauty in God. What c. The right to a living wage involves the duty of the school
philosophy supports this? administrators to give the salary agreed upon and the duty
a. Existentialism of the teachers to give a fair amount of work.
b. Idealism d. The right to life of children and to be given respect of
c. Progressivism such right.

d. Social Reconstructionism 15. Why should a teacher take the obligation upon himself
to study and understand the custom and traditions of the
8. Giving education the highest budgetary allocation, the community where he works?
Philippine government recognizes the possible contribution a. To change the culture of the community.
of its future citizens to the national development goals of the b. To have a sympathetic attitude for the people of the
Philippine society. Which stressed this goal of education for community.
social transformation? c. To identify the weaknesses of the culture of the
a. Athenian education community.
b. Followers of Christ d. To please the people of the community.
c. Greek education
d. Roman education 16. A teacher who is a recognized expert in carpentry works,
taught his students how to prepare and construct good and
9. The progressivists emphasized the individuality of the aesthetic furniture from local resources. What cultural
child. What is the concern of the reconstructionist? transmission process is this?
a. Experiential learning a. Acculturation
b. Socialization b. Enculturation
c. Social problem c. Indoctrination
d.Observation
10. One of the following quotations does not conform to the
Christian doctrine of Education for Humanitarianism. Which 17. Every first day of the school year, Miss Reyes
one is it? prepared activities which will make her Grade 2 children,
a. Do unto others as you would like others do unto you sing, plan, learn and introduce themselves to the class. What
b. Love they neighbor as thyself process did the teacher emphasize?
c. Not on bread alone is man to live but on every utterance a. Acculturation
that comes from mouth of God b. Enculturation
d. Whatever good things we do to our poor, helpless c. Indoctrination
brothers, we do it for God. d. Socialization

11. Scouting and Citizen's Army Training (CAT) give 18. Which program in the educational system seems to be
training in character-building, citizenship training, etc. aligned to the Christian humanitarian principle respect for
Which leads to the creation of a new social order and a new the human personality?
society eventually. What philosophy supports this? a. The alternative learning system delivery
a. Existentialism b. The functional literacy program for the out-of-school
b. Perennialism youth and adults
c. Progressivism c. The promotion of the basic human rights of the Filipino
d. Social reconstructionism d. The study of the Philippine Constitution

12. Teacher V demonstrated the technique on how to group 19. With a death threat over his head, Teacher Liza is
students according to their needs and interests and how to directed to pass an undeserving student, if she is a hedonist,
use self-paced instructional materials. Which philosophy is which of the following will she do?
manifested in this activity? a. Don't pass him, live her principle of justice. She will
a. Essentialism get reward, if not in this life, in the next.
b. Progressivism b. Don't pass him. She surely will not like someone to
c. Realism give you a death threat in order to pass.
d. Social Reconstructionism c. Pass the student. That will be of use to her, the student
and his parents.
13. Teacher G, a Christian Living teacher, puts so much d. Pass the student. Why suffer the threat?
significance on values development and discipline. What 20. Which philosophy approves a teacher who lectures most
could be her educational philosophy? of the time and requires his students to memorize the rules
a. Idealism of grammar?
a. Existentialism
b. Idealism 3. Activities planned by school clubs/
c. Pragmatism organizations show school-community connection geared
d. Realism towards society's needs. What philosophy is related to
this?
21. In a student conducted, the pupils were asked which a. Existentialism
nationality they would prefer if given a choice. Majority of b. Progressivism
the pupils wanted to be Americans. In this case, in which c. Realism
obligation relative to the state are schools seemed to be d. Social reconstructionism
failing?
a. Instill allegiance to the constitutional authorities 4. What philosophy is related to the practice of schools
b. Promote national pride acting as laboratory for teaching reforms and
c. Promote obedience to the laws of the state experimentation?
d. Respect for all duly constituted authorities. a. Essentialism
b. Existentialism
22. Which subject in the elementary and likewise in c. Progressivism
the secondary schools are similar to the goal of Rome to d. Social Reconstructionism
train the students for citizenship?
a. Communication ARts 5. Which of the following situations presents a value
b. MAPEH/PEHMS conflict?
c. Science a. The teacher and his students have class standing as their
d. THE/TLE priorities.
b. The teacher and the administrator follow a set of criteria
23. Which of the following schools practices is not based on in giving grades.
Social Reconstructionism? c. The teacher has students whose parents want their
a. Establishment of SDF children to obtain higher grades than what they are
b. Exemption of Scouts from CAT capable of getting.
c. Promoting culture and arts in schools d. The teacher sets high expectations for intelligent
d. Promoting project WOW students such as getting higher grades.

24.Which of the following is the focus of the Japanese 6. Which situation shows that a sense of nationhood is
education in the Philippines? exemplified?
a. Democratic ideals and nationalism a. The class conducted a debate using Filipino as medium
b. Love and service to one's country b. The class is required to watch the TV sitcom of Oprah to
c. Religion and love for Asian brothers improve their English communication skills.
d. Vocational and health education c. The class opted to make a choral rendition of the theme
song of a foreign movie.
25. According to reconstructionism, the goal of education is d. When Teacher Chris asked her Grade 2 students in what
to bring about a new social order. Which practice best country they wish to live, most of them chose United
manifests this view? States.
a. The class conducts scientific experiments to discover or
verify concepts. 7. A teacher who believes in the progressivist theory of
b. The class discusses role models and their impact on education would embrace certain reforms on methodology.
society. Which reform would be consistent with this theory?
c. The class allowed to engage in divergent thinking. a. Active participation of teachers
d. The class undertakes well-planned projects in the b. Formal instructional pattern
community. c. Strict external discipline
d. Teacher domination of class activities
(Answers: 1A 2B 3B 4C 5D 6C 7B 8D 9C 10C 11D 12B 13A
14A 15B 16B 17D 18C 19D 20B 21B 22D 23C 24D 25D) 8. What philosophy of education advocates that the
curriculum should only include universal and unchanging
Foundations of Education Part 2 truths?
a. Essentialism
1. Teacher A, a Values Education teacher emphasizes ethics b. Idealism
in almost all her lessons. Which of the following emphasizes c. Perennialism
the same? d. Pragmatism
a. Liberal Education
b. Moral Education 9. Which of the following is not a function of the school?
c. Religious Training a. Changing cultural practices
d. Social Education b. Development of attitudes and skills
c. Reproduction of species
2. Which reform in the Philippine Educational System d. Socialization among children
advocates the use of English and Filipino as media of
instruction in specific learning areas? 10. Which move liberalized access to education during
a. Alternative Learning Spanish period?
b. Bilingual Education a. The education of illiterate parents
c. K-12 Program b. The establishment of at least one primary school for
d. Multilingual Education boys and girls in each municipality
c. The hiring of tribal tutors to teach children d. Re-introducing science as a subject in Grade 1
d. The provision of vocational training for school age
children 19. The greatest happiness lies in the contemplative use of
mind, said Plato. Which of the following  activities adheres
11. Which of the following is the chief aim of Spanish to this?
education? a. Cooperative learning
a. Conformity and militarism b. Instrospection
b. Perpetuation of culture c. Role Playing
c. Propagation of the Catholic religion d. Social Interaction
d. Utilitarianism and conformity
20. Your teacher is of the opinion that the word and
12. Which of the following is the aim of our education everything in it are ever changing and so teaches you the
during the Commonwealth period? skill to cope with the changes. Which in his governing
a. Designed after Japanese education philosophy?
b. Patterned after the American curriculum a. Experimentalism
c. Predominantly religious b. Existentialism
d. Purely nationalistic and democratic c. Idealism
d. Realism
13. Which of the following is not a reason why the basic
education curriculum has been restructured? 21. Teacher Myra says: "If it is billiard that brings
a. To become globally competitive during this industrial students out of the classroom, let us bring it into the
age classroom. Perhaps, I can use it to teach Math". To
b. To be relevant and responsive to a rapidly changing which philosophy does teacher Myra adheres to?
world a. Essentialism
c. To empower the Filipino learners for self- development b. Idealism
throughout their life. c. Progressivism
d. To help raise the achievement level of students d. Reconstructionism

14. Which philosophy of education influence the singing of 22. Which of the following should be done to build a sense of
the National Anthem in schools? pride among Filipino youth?
a. Nationalism a. Replace the study of folklores and myths with technical
b. Naturalism subjects
c. Pragmatism b. Re-study our history and stress on our achievements as
d. Socialism people
c. Re-study our history from the perspective of our
15. Who among the following believes that learning requires colonizers
disciplined attention, regular homework, and respect for d. Set aside the study of local history
legitimate authority?
a. Essentialist 23. A teacher who subscribes to the pragmatic philosophy of
b. Progressivist education believes that experience study should follow
c. Realist learning in her teaching. Which of the following does she do
d. Reconstructionist to support her belief?
a. Encouraging learners to memorize factual knowledge
16. Which of the following is the main function of the b. Equipping learners with the basic abilities and skills
philosophy of education? c. Providing learners opportunities to apply theories and
a. Reconsider existing educational goals in the light of principles
society's needs d. Requiring learners full master of the lesson.
b. Provide the academic background prerequisite to
learning 24. Which philosophy influenced the cultivation of reflective
c. Define the goals and set the direction for which and meditative skills in teaching?
education is to strive a. Confucianism
d. Aid the learner to build his own personal philosophy b. Existentialism
c. Taoism
17. Homeroom advisers  always emphasize the importance d. Zen Buddhism
of cleanliness of the body. Children are taught how to wash
their hands before and after eating. What is this practice 25. Which of the following situation manifests a balance
called? between teachers responsibility and accountability?
a. Folkway a. She entertains her students with personal stories until
b. Laws the end of the period.
c. Mores b. She spends most of the time on the latest gossips in
d. Social norm showbiz.
c. She teaches as much as she could for duration of the
18. Which curricular move served to strengthen spiritual period.
and ethical values? d. She teaches as well as entertains the students with per
a. Integration of creative thinking in all subject personal stories.
b. Introduction of Values education as a separate subject
area (Answers: 1B 2B 3D 4C 5C 6A 7A 8C 9C 10B 11C 12D 13D
c. Reducing the number of subject areas into skill subject 14A 15A 16C 17D 18B 19B 20A 21C 22B 23C 24D 25)
 a. Experience centered design
-------------Curriculum Development Part 1------------------ b. Problem design
c. Process design
1. Which is NOT a provision for the development of each d. Subject centered design
learner in a good curriculum?
a. Extensive arrangements are made for the educational 8. What refers to the matching between curriculum and test
diagnosis of individual learners. to be used to assess the learners?
b. Self-directed, independent study is encouraged a. Alignment
wherever possible and advisable. b. Auditing
c. Self-motivation and self-evaluation are stimulated and c. Articulation
emphasized throughout the learning opportunities of the d. Delivery
school.
d. The program provides a wide range of opportunities for 9. Ms. Mateo, a History teacher considers the element of time
individuals with same abilities, needs and interests. in arranging content of her lessons in World History. What
way of establishing sequence is given emphasis by Ms.
2. Teacher Lily would like to take part in developing a Mateo?
subject-centered curriculum because she believes that all a. Simple to complex
subjects in this type of curriculum are geared towards the b. Part to whole
holistic development of the learner. Is her belief about the c. Concrete to abstract
subject-centered curriculum true? d. Chronological
a. Yes, because the subject-centered curriculum focuses on
the learners needs, interests and abilities. 10. Mr. Rivera, a new teacher believes that education is a
b. No, because it is the experience-centered curriculum process of development and is life itself; therefore,
that emphasizes the teaching of facts and knowledge for experience related to the child's need and interest
future use. should be given primary consideration. What educational
c. Yes, because the subject-centered curriculum involves philosophy is being exhibited by Mr. Rivera?
cooperative control. a. Idealism
d. No, because it is the experience centered and not the b. Reconstructionism
subject-centered curriculum that emphasizes integration c. Progressivism
of habits and skills in learning the knowledge component d. Realism
of subject areas.
11. A stakeholder in curriculum development, Mr. Cruz, a
3. In the elementary level, English literature and Social district supervisor and a member of the school board has
studies relate well. While history is being studied, different one of the following primary roles.
literary pieces during the historical period is being studied a. Support and participate in parent-school
as well. What curriculum design is shown here? organization activities.
a. Separate subject design b. Authorize school expenditures for curriculum
b. Correlation design development, implementation and evaluation
c. Discipline design c. Enact legislation to effect curriculum improvement.
d. Broad field design d. Recommend changes in curriculum.

4. This phase of curriculum development involves decisions, 12. The schools in the first District plan to adopt the reading
among other things, on grade placement and sequencing of program used in the third district. What level of curriculum
content. Which phase is this? improvement is used?
a. Curriculum planning a. Variation
b. Curriculum evaluation b. Value orientation
c. Curriculum organization c. Substitution
d. Curriculum implementation d. Restructuring

5. One example of this design of subject-centered curriculum 13. Mr. Bernardo, a curriculum consultant on Economics
is that which shows social studies being combined with insists that in selecting the curriculum content, it is better
geography, civics, culture and history to comprises subject that throughout the high school years, economic geography
area. Which design is this? concepts be used to recur and be repeated with depth for
a. Correlated effective learning. What criterion in content selection is
b. Broadfields shown here?
c. Separate Subject a. Validity
d. Core b. Continuity
c. Significance
6. Ms. Ortiz, as Science teacher tries to enrich the content of d. Learnability
her lesson by identifying related concepts in Math. What
pattern of organizing subjects did Ms. Ortiz consider? 14. The Filipino learners envisioned by the Department of
a. Broadfield Education (DepEd) in the light of K-12 Curriculum is
b. Correlated a. Technologically literate or logistically developed Filipino
c. Core b. Functionally literate or logistically developed Filipino
d. Separate Subject c. Scientifically Advanced and Values Oriented Filipino
d. National Oriented and Internationally Competitive
7. Which design is easy to deliver because complementary Filipinos
books and materials are commercially available?
15. Teacher Dominguito believes that a new respect for the c. Technique
child is fundamental in curriculum. Thus, all activities in the d. Approaches
classroom are geared towards the development of the child -
the center of the educative process. To which approach in 23. The curriculum used during the period in Philippine
curriculum does Teacher history terminated the use of English as a medium of
Dominguito adhere? instruction, What period is this?
a. Learner-centered a. American
b. Subject-centered b. Spanish
c. Problem-centered c. Commonwealth
d. Pragmatic d. Japanese

16. Mrs. Manuel, the Principal of 24. Which of the following statements about the concept of
Bagong Barrio Elementary School invited the Brgy. Captain curriculum is NOT quite acceptable?
in the school to solicit inputs for a new curriculum in Social a. It refers to all experiences that both the school and the
Science which highlights indigenous knowledge in the teacher provide the students with.
community. What is shown in this situation? b. It is the set of acquired knowledge, habits and skills
a. Community members as supporters of curriculum c. It consists of everything that goes within the school.
b. Community members as curriculum resources d. It is a planned action for instruction
c. Community members as managers of curriculum
d. Community members as beneficiaries of curriculum 25. What process is being undertaken by curriculum
developers when they enrich or modify certain aspects of a
17. Teacher Bert puts emphasis on the immediate felt particular program without changing its fundamental
interests and needs of his students and not on the conceptions?
anticipated needs and interests. What type of curriculum a. Curriculum improvement
does teacher Bert adheres? b. Curriculum change
a. Subject-centered c. Curriculum design
b. Learner-centered d. Curriculum implementation
c. Experience-centered
d. Culture-based (Answers: 1D 2D 3C 4C 5B 6B 7D 8A 9D 10C 11D 12C 13B
14B 15A 16B 17C 18D 19D 20B 21A 22B 23D 24C 25A)
18. What type of curriculum divides the school day into
different periods such as language arts, social studies, Curriculum Development Part 2
science and health, arithmetic, etc.?
a. Correlated 1. What design element establishes the vertical linkage from
b. Broad fields level to level to avoid glaring gaps and wasteful overlaps?
c. Integrated a. Articulation
d. Separate Subject b. Balance
19. Which curriculum design element is taking place when c. Scope
Eduardo, a 4th year student can connect the lessons he d. Sequence
learned in a subject area to a related content in another
subject area? 2. What refers to the authenticity of the content selected by
the curriculum developer?
a. Articulation a. Feasibility
b. Balance b. Learnability
c. Continuity c. Significance
d. Integration d. Validity

20. The following curricular changes took place in what 3. What do we call the allocation of content to a definite
particular period? Restore Grade VII, double-single session grade capable of learning?
was abolished and more textbooks were written by Filipino a. Time allotment
authors. b. Grade placement
a. American Period c. Grade level
b. Philippine Republic d. Maturity level
c. Japanese Occupation
d. New Society 4. Which pattern of experience-centered
curriculum centers around the normal activities of children
21. This concept includes the sub-processes of curriculum and is based on each child's needs, interests and
planning, organization, implementation and evaluation. potentials?
Which concept is this? a. Child-centered
a. Curriculum development b. Activity
b. Curriculum assessment c. Social function
c. Curriculum management d. Specific competencies
d. Curriculum and instruction
5. Which curriculum development phase focuses on the
22. If curriculum is the "means", what is the change which will take place in certain  aspects of the
"end"? curriculum without changing the fundamental conceptions?
a. Strategies a. Curriculum planning
b. Instruction b. Curriculum design
c. Curriculum improvement 14. What do you call the curriculum when the teacher puts
d. Curriculum evaluation into action all the different planned activities in the
classroom?
6. Which is not a component of curriculum designing? a. Recommended Curriculum
a. Objective b. Written Curriculum
b. learning content c. Taught Curriculum
c. learning experiences d. Supported Curriculum
d. Diagnosis of needs 15. Which statement about the subject-centered curriculum
is NOT true?
7. Which type of curriculum design serves as a response to a. There is a high level of cooperative interaction
society's demand for integration of knowledge and b. It covers much content in a short period of time
enables the learner to see relationship among various c. The teacher has full control of the classroom activities
aspects? d. The main task is mastery of learning
a. Broadfield
b. Correlated 16. Schools divide the school hours to different subjects such
c. Core as reading, grammar, literature, math, science, history and
d. Separate subjects geography. What curriculum design is referred here?
8. Who controls the subject centered-curriculum? a. Problem-centered
a. Learner b. Learner-centered
b. Teacher c. Subject-centered
c. Parent d. Culture-based
d. Teacher and parent
17. Which is NOT a description of the learner-centered
9. To provide individual differences in the classroom, how is curriculum?
curriculum designed? a. Emphasis is on the total growth and development of the
a. Minimum learning competencies are included learners
b. Realistic and meaningful experiences are provided b. Controlled and cooperatively directed by learners,
c. Some degree of flexibility is provided teachers and parents
d. Social skills are emphasized c. Education is a means to develop social creative
individual
10. To ensure success in curriculum development, which of d. Emphasis upon facts and knowledge for future use
the following specific actions should a curriculum leader
avoid? 18. The K-12 curriculum is otherwise called as
a. Work with people over them. a. 2002 Basic Education Curriculum
b. Use your status frequently to establish discipline b. Revitalized Basic Education Curriculum
c. Keep channels of communication open c. Enhanced Basic Education Curriculum
d. Show that you too desire to improve d. Extended Basic Education Curriculum

11. Which of the following is a reason for the continuous 19. What refers to an individual or group of individuals who
appraisal of the existing curriculum in all levels? have a direct and indirect influence in curriculum
a. New national policies in government development?
b. Changing needs and condition of society a. Stockholders
c. Economic status of the people b. Stakeholders
d. Political trust of the country c. Promoters
d. Incorporators
12. Which of the following best defines curriculum
development? 20. What refers to the appropriateness of the content in the
a. The total mental phenomena directly received at any light of the particular students who are to experience the
given time curriculum?
b. The planning of learning opportunities intended to bring a. Significance
about certain desired changes in pupils and the b. Validity
assessment of the extent to which these changes have c. Interest
taken place. d. Learnability
c. A continuous cycle of activities in which all elements of
curriculum are considered. 21. Which of the following statements is NOT acceptable?
d. Education is aiding each child to be socially creative a. Instruction is the actual engagement of learners in the
individuals. planned learning activities.
b. Curriculum determines what assessment should be
13. To build a sense of pride among Filipino youth, which done, and how to do it.
should be done in the curriculum? c. Instruction requires teachers to use a variety of action to
a. Re-study our history and stress on our achievements as accomplish a variety of
a people. functions.
b. Re-study our history from the perspective of our d. Assessment establishes what is to be accomplished in
colonizer. teaching and learning.
c. Replace the study of folklore and myths with technical
subjects. 22. Which characteristic of a good curriculum highlights the
d. Set aside the study of local history. psychological nature of the learner?
a. Provisions are made for the smooth transition and c. Law of Exercise
continuing achievement of pupils. d. Law of Readiness
b. Curriculum plans in areas which extend over several
years are developed vertically. 4. Teacher jay, a physical education teacher, demonstrates
c. Classroom practices give attention to the maturity and the new skill to be learned so that his students can watch
learning problems of each pupil. him and later reproduce the skill. What learning theory is
d. Cooperative planning and teaching provide for exchange associated with the situation?
of information about pupil's learning experiences. a. Dual-Coding Learning Theory
b. Information Processing
23. Objectives must be evaluated in the light of practical c. Schema Learning Theory
considerations, including teacher competence, availability of d. Social Learning
instructional materials, time allotment, etc. What
characteristic of educational objective is defined by the 5. Patrice is always fearful of freely roaming dogs but does
aforementioned statement? not mind dogs in a pen or on a leash. What feature of
a. Comprehension classical conditioning is exhibited?
b. Attainability a. Discrimination
c. Consistency b. Extinction
d. Feasibility c. Generalization
d. Practice
24. "Knowledge is true if it is workable". What
philosophical foundation supports this statement? 6. A music teacher is careful in planning activities for each
a. Idealism lesson. He praises liberally and rewards correct answers.
b. Realism What view of learning is exhibited?
c. Pragmatism a. Classical conditioning
d. Essentialism b. Meaningful learning
c. Operant conditioning
25. As a member of the curriculum committee, your chief d. Social learning
concern is to give the child freedom to choose what to learn
and believe, as you allow them to set their own identities 7. Which of the theories of learning presents or states that
and standards. What philosophy will you consider? learning skills are hierarchically arranged?
a. Existentialism a. Cumulative Learning
b. Realism b. Meaningful Learning
c. Idealism c. Social Cognitive Learning
d. Pragmatism d. Theory of Instruction

(Answers: 1A 2D 3B 4A 5C 6D 7A 8B 9C 10B 11B 12B 13A 8. Which of the following best describes what meaningful
14C 15A 16C 17D 18C 19B 20D 21D 22C 23D 24C 25A) learning is?
a. When what is to be learned is new and easy for the
http://www.prcboard.com students
b. Materials presented are difficult and challenging to the
students
-------------Principles and Theories of Learning and c. When the materials to be learned is related to what
Motivation Part 1---------------- students already know
d. Students find the lessons easy and relevant to what was
1. Which theory operates on the "stimulus-response assigned to them
principle", which means all behaviors are caused by
external stimuli? 9. Rita easily remember dates and events in history. What
a. Contextual theory component of LTM does Rita have?
b. Behaviorist theory a. Creative thinking
c. Cognitive theory b. Critical thinking
d. Constructivist theory c. Reflective thinking
d. Logical thinking
2. Ms. Erika in her Biology class accompanies her discussion
with interesting visual aids. She strongly believes that 10. An Earth Science has just completed a unit on the sun. As
students learn better when lessons are presented with she recognizes her next unit on other stars, she uses the sun
images, real or imagined aside from mere lecture method. as a frame of reference. What view of learning was used?
Which learning theory does she upholds? a. Discovery learning
a. Dual-Coding Theory b. Informative learning
b. Information Processing Theory c. Meaningful learning
c. Meaningful Reception Learning Theory d. Transfer learning
d. Social Cognitive Theory
11. Which is an application of cognitive approach to
3. Miss Rita is an excellent Physical Education teacher. She motivation?
started teaching volleyball to her Grade 2 class. Despite all a. Explain the reasons for studying the topic
her efforts, her class does not seem to  learn how to play the b. Create a supportive classroom climate for students
game. What law of learning was disregarded? c. Provide clear and prompt feedback on assignments
a. Law of Disuse d. Begin lessons with challenging questions and conflicting
b. Law of Effect events
12. The first people power was held in February 25, 1986.
What kind of knowledge is presented? 19. For every correct answer, the teacher would give a star
a. Conditional Knowledge to her students. What schedule of reinforcement was used?
b. Cognitive Knowledge a. Fixed interval
c. Domain-Specific Knowledge b. Fixed ratio
d. Procedural Knowledge c. Variable interval
d. Variable ratio
13. The students of Mrs. Reyes were not able to learn the
concepts that she presented yesterday so she taught the 20. Marga, a six year old, always asked her playmates to sit
same concepts again but this time using a different teaching in front of her small black board and she plays teacher. Her
method. What principle of learning was applied? mother is a teacher. What theory explains Marga's
a. Concepts should be presented in varied and different behavior?
ways a. Classical Conditioning
b. Effort was put forth when tasks are challenging b. Operant Conditioning
c. Learning by doing is more effective than just by sitting c. Social Learning
and listening d. Information Processing
d. Learning is aided by formulating and asking questions
21. What should the teacher do to help students learn
14. Alvin is a transferee and feels uneasy with his new psychomotor skills?
school. His teacher is very accommodating, warm and a. Teacher uses verbal explanation and description of the
caring. Alvin felt comfortable with the teacher display of movements in addition to live demonstration of the
genuine warmth. The teacher is consistent in his manner movements
and Alvin began to associate school with the teacher's b. Teacher provides feedback to the learner about his/her
warmth. Which theory is being illustrated? progress
a. Meaningful learning c. Teacher encourages the learner to practice, in order to
b. Operant conditioning maintain his/her sharpness of the movements
c. Classical conditioning d. All of the above
d. Observational learning
22. The teacher presented a new lesson where in the
15. After just being introduced to another guest in the party, students were asked to work on a new project which was
Tom cannot remember the name of the guest he was somewhat complicated. The students showed interest while
introduced to. In what memory stage was the working on the project. What principle applies to the
information stored in? situation?
a. Episodic memory a. Effort was put forth when tasks are challenging
b. Semantic memory b. Lessons should be presented in varied and different
c. Sensory memory ways
d. Working memory c. Meaningful materials are readily learned than nonsense
materials
16. Vygotsky claimed that social interaction is important for d. Teachers should provide opportunities for meaningful
learning. What does this imply? and appropriate practice
a. Children are independent problem solvers
b. Children learn from adults and other children 23. Maturation should precede certain types of learning.
c. Children learn by passive presentation of information How is this applied in the classroom?
d. Children in the crib has no learning yet, since they are a. Concepts should be taught from simple to complex
not capable of interaction b. Consider the age level of students in assigning tasks
c. Follow the interest of students in assigning tasks
17. How would you help a student who is intelligent but is d. Give the same task to all students in a particular grade
underachieving in class? level
a. Provide challenging activities which he/she can
accomplish 24. Luz easily learns a lesson when she is working with
b. Recognize his talents by asking him/her to help other laboratory equipment but hardly remembers a lesson the
students with their work teacher lectured on. What type of learner is Luz?
c. Identify the immediate causes of difficulties that cause a. Auditory Learner
his/her being an underachiever b. Kinesthetic Learner
d. Allow him/her to work with the slow learner group to c. Tactile Learner
cope with the academic needs of the lesson. d. Visual Learner

18. Mrs. Corpuz always makes sure that her pre-school 25. Which of the following statements about motivation is
classroom is well organized and clean. She puts up false?
interesting and colorful visuals on the bulletin boards. What a. External motivation is longer lasting and more self-
principle of motivation was applied? directive than internal motivation
a. Incentives motivate learning b. Internal motivation is fueled by one's goals or
b. Internal motivation is longer lasting and more self- ambitions
directive than is external motivation c. Motivation is enhanced by the way in which the
c. Motivation is enhanced by the way in which instructional instructional material is organized
material is organized. d. Motivation to perform is affected by expectancy and
d. The environment can be used to focus the value
student's attention on what needs to be learned.
(Answers: 1B 2A 3D 4D 5A 6C 7A 8C 9C 10C 11A 12B 13A b. 2-1-4-3
14B 15C 16B 17C 18D 19B 20C 21D 22A 23A 24D 25A) c. 2-3-4-1
d. 2-4-3-1
Principles and Theories of Learning and Motivation
Part 2 9. Which is essential in meaningful reception learning?
a. Concepts are presented to learner and received by them.
1. Based on Bandura's theory, which conditions b. Concepts are discovered by the learner
must be present for a student to learn from a model? c. Concepts are related to one another
I. Attention II. Retention III. Motor Reproduction IV. d. Concepts are solicited from the learners
Motivation
a. I and II 10. Grace is bilingual. She speaks both English and Filipino
b. I, II and III fluently. She begins to study Spanish and immediately
c. I, II, III and IV recognizes many similarities between the Spanish and
d. III and IV Filipino languages and uses this information to acquire the
new language faster. What kind of transfer was Grace able
2. Which of the following principles of learning applies to to use?
considering student's age in a. Lateral Transfer
presenting certain content and cognitive processes? b. General Transfer
a. Principle of readiness c. Specific Transfer
b. Principle of learning by doing d. Vertical Transfer
c. Principle of presenting challenging tasks
d. Principle of learning aided by formulating and asking 11. Cristina is almost asleep when she felt the need to go to
questions the bathroom. She tried to sleep it off but after a while, she
was forced to stand up and go to the bathroom. What theory
3. In classical conditioning, which are paired together in of motivation explains Cristina's behavior?
order to elicit the desired response? a. Attribution Theory
a. UCS and NS b. Drive Theory
b. CS and NS c. Expentancies and Values Theory
c. UCS and CS d. Solomon's Opponent Theory
d. UCR and NS
12. Marko excels in adding numbers. He learned this skill in
4. According to Thorndike, what law states that the strength his Math class. He is now able to apply this skill in his Music
of a connection is influenced bythe consequences of the class. What type of transfer was used?
response? a. Lateral transfer
a. Law of disuse b. General transfer
b. Law of effect c. Specific transfer
c. Law of exercise d. Vertical transfer
d. Law of readiness
13. Mr. Lorenzo would always give the chapter test on a
5. A burglary occurred in Jason's neighborhood. Since Friday. What schedule of reinforcement is used by Mr.
then, Jason is very careful of locking their doors and closing Lorenzo?
windows. What theory best explains Jason's behavior? a. Fixed interval
a. Observational learning b. Fixed ratio
b. Imitation learning c. Variable interval
c. Self-regulated learning d. Variable ratio
d. Vicarious learning
14. To remember the six digits, 8, 4, 3, 9, 4, 5, the Math
6. In observation and imitation learning, what should be the teacher grouped the numbers in two's 84, 39, 45 or in
learner's response when the teacher initially models threes 843, 945. What control process of retaining
the behavior? information is referred to?
a. Reproduce and match a. Chunking
b. Pay Attention b. Interfering
c. Imitate and practice c. Rehearsing
d. Shows satisfaction d. Remembering

7. What is the correct sequence of information processing? 15. Rob regularly practice playing the guitar so he can
a. Sensory register-STM-LTM finish Book I. His mother promised to buy him a Nintendo
b. STM-sensory register-LTM when he finishes Book I. How is Rob motivated?
c. Sensory register-LTM-STM a. Extrinsically
d. LTM-sensory register- STM b. Intrinsically
c. with Self-Determination
8. What should be the hierarchy of the types of learning d. with Self-Efficacy
according to the cumulative learning theory?
1. Problem solving learning 16. Lara excels in dancing and in certain sports. According
2. Rule learning to Gardner what intelligence is dominant in Lara?
3. Discrimination learning a. Bodily kinesthetic
4. Concept learning b. Intrapersonal
a. 2-1-3-4 c. Musical
d. Spatial c. To be liked and loved by the students
d. So the students will praise him/her
17. According to Bronfenbrenner, what system contains
structures that has direct contact with the child? 25. Which statement does not refer to cognitive theories?
a. Chronosystem a. Prefer to concentrate on analyzing cognitive process
b. Exosystem b. Conclusions are based on observation of external
c. Mesosystem manifestations on learning
d. Microsystem c. Study of the structures and components of information
processing
18. Some learners like to find specific and concrete answers. d. Believe in non-observable behavior
What kind of learners are they?
a. Accomodators (Answers: 1C 2A 3A 4B 5D 6B 7A 8D 9C 10C 11C 12B 13A
b. Assimilators 14A 15C 16A 17D 18C 19B 20B 21B 22B 23D 24B 25B)
c. Convergers
d. Divergers http://www.prcboard.com

19. Mrs. Mercado, the Home Economics teacher, constantly

gives verbal guidance to her pupils while practicing a
sewing skill. What is the value of giving verbal guidance in
improving pupils learning behavior?
a. It promotes the growth of interest in the new learning -------Principles and Strategies of Teaching Part 1--------
tasks
b. It serves as informational feedback 1. To ensure the lesson will go smoothly, Teacher A listed
c. It facilitates perfection of skills down the steps she will undertake together with those of her
d. It directs pupils' attention to more adequate and students. This practice relates to?
better techniques a. Teaching style
b. Teaching method
20. Why should learning be aided by formulating and asking c. Teaching strategy
questions? d. Teaching technique
a. Students will have a grade in recitation
b. Students will develop their self-confidence 2. The class of Grade 6 - Einstein is scheduled to perform an
c. The teacher will know who among the students can experiment on that day. However, the chemicals are
communicate very well insufficient. What method may then be used?
d. The teacher will not always do the talking but the a. Project
students will be given a chance to do the same thing. b. Laboratory
c. Lecture
21. Ms. Baquiran, the VE teacher, and her pupils, while d. Demonstration
working on the concept of honesty, agreed that no cabinets
and book cases would be locked throughout the day. Which 3. Teacher C gives the class specific topic as assignment
principle in affective learning is being implemented? which they have to research and pass the following day.
a. Provide exemplary models However, the students could not find any information about
b. Provide appropriate practice it. What method should Teacher C use to teach the
c. Provide for pleasant emotional experience assignment?
d. Provide for independent attitude cultivation a. Project method
b. Discovery approach
22. Instead of asking her students to write about their c. Lecture method
reaction to a story, the teacher asked her students to d. Demonstration method
interpret the story in dance form. What principle of learning
is considered? 4. Pictures, models and the like arouse students interest on
a. Concepts should be presented in varied and different the day's topic, in what part of the lesson should the
ways given materials be presented?
b. Effort if put forth when tasks are challenging a. Initiating activities
c. Learning by doing is more effective than just sitting and b. Culminating activities
listening c. Evaluation activities
d. Learning is aided by formulating and asking questions d. Developmental activities

23. In performing the minuet, first raise your heel, second 5. In Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives, the
make three steps forward, third step make a point. What domains are stated from lowest to highest level. Which of
kind of knowledge was exhibited? the following objectives belongs to the lowest level?
a. Conditional Knowledge a. To identify the characters of the story.
b. Declarative Knowledge b. To differentiate active from passive voice.
c. Domain-Specific Knowledge c. To give the available resources that could be recycled to
d. Procedural Knowledge useful things.
d. To explain the procedure in changing improper fraction
24. Why should teachers provide positive feedback and to mixed number
realistic praise?
a. To motivate the students to study 6. The class of IV - Kalikasan is tasked to analyze the present
b. So the students will know what to do population of the different cities and municipalities of the
National Capital Region for the last five years. How can they b. Laboratory
best present their analysis? c. Deductive
a. By means of a table d. Expository
b. By looking for a pattern
c. By means of a graph 14. Teaching Tinikling to I-Maliksi becomes possible
d. By guessing and checking through the use of?
a. Inductive Method
7. There are several reasons why problem-solving is taught b. Expository Method
in Math. Which is the LEAST important? c. Demonstration Method
a. It is the main goal for the study of Math d. Laboratory Method

b. It provides the content in which concepts and skills are 15. What is the implication of using a method that focuses
learned and applied on the why rather than the how?
c. It provides an opportunity to develop critical and a. There is best method
analytical thinking b. Typical one will be good for any subject
d. It provides pupils an opportunity to relate Math in the c. These methods should be standardized for different
real world subjects.
d. Teaching methods should favor inquiry and problem
8. Teacher D teaches in a remote high school where solving.
newspapers are delivered irregularly. Knowing the
importance of keeping the students aware of current affairs, 16. When using problem solving method, the teacher can
what is probably the best way to keep the students updated? a. Set up the problem
a. Gather back issues of newspapers and let pupils compile b. Test the conclusion
them. c. Propose ways of obtaining the needed data
b. Urge the pupils to listen to stories circulating in the d. Help the learners define what is it to be solved
community.
c. Encourage the pupils to listen to daily broadcast from a 17. Which of the following characterizes a well-motivated
transistor radio. lesson?
d. The teacher should try all available means to get the a. The class is quiet.
newspaper delivered to the school b. The children have something to do.
c. The teacher can leave the pupils
9. Devices can make a lecture more understandable and d. There are varied procedures and activities undertaken
meaningful. What is the most important thing a teacher by the pupils.
should consider in the selection and utilization of
instructional materials? 18. Learners must be developed not only in the cognitive,
a. Objectives of the lesson psychomotor but also in the affective aspect. Why is
b. Availability of instructional materials development of the latter also important?
c. Attractiveness of instructional materials a. It helps them develop a sound value system.
d. Degree of interest on the part of the students b. Their actions are dominated by their feelings.
c. It helps them develop an adequate knowledge of good
10. Teacher E asks student A to identify and analyze events, actions.
ideas or objects in order to state their similarities and d. Awareness of the consequences of their action is
differences. In which part of the lesson does said activity sharpened.
take place?
a. Preparation 19. Which of the following attributes characterizes a learner
b. Generalization who is yet to develop the concept?
c. Application a. The learner can identify the attributes of the concept.
d. Comparison and Abstraction b. The learner can summarize the ideas shared about the
concept.
11. Which part of the lesson is involved in the giving of c. The learner can distinguish examples from non-
situation or activities based on the concepts learned? examples.
a. Preparation d. The learner gets a failing grade in the tests given after
b. Generalization the concept has been discussed.
c. Application
d. Comparison and Abstraction 20. The strategy which makes use of the old concept of
"each-one-teach-one" of the sixty's is
12. Teacher F wants the class to find out the effect of heat on similar to?
matter. Which method will help him accomplish his a. Peer learning
objective? b. Independent learning
a. Project Method c. Partner learning
b. Laboratory Method d. Cooperative learning
c. Problem Method
d. Expository Method 21. Which part of the lesson does the learner give a synthesis
of the things learned?
13. In Math, Teacher G presents various examples of plane a. Motivation
figures to her class. Afterwards, she asks the students to give b. Application
definition of each. What method did she use? c. Evaluation
a. Inductive d. Generalization
 5. Which of the following is a divergent question?
22. Educational objectives are arranged from simple to a. How is water purified?
complex. Why is this? b. What are the parts of a sentence?
a. Each level is built upon and assumes acquisition of skills c. What is the most populated country in Asia?
from the previous level. d. What is the formula in getting the weight of an object?
b. Objectives are broad and value-laden statements that
lead to the philosophy of education. 6. Which of the following reading skill belongs to a higher
c. Be idealistic and ambitious to begin with grandiose level?
scheme for using taxonomy in all levels. a. Drawing conclusion
d. These are guidelines to be taught and learned where b. Stating the main idea
teachers and students evaluate learning. c. Following directions
d. Noting specific details
23. Which of the following is NOT true?
a. Lesson plan should be in constant state of revision. 7. Which of the following questions is classified as low level?
b. A good daily lesson plan ensures a better discussion. a. What is Science?
c. Students should never see a teacher using a lesson plan. b. How is city differentiated from a province?
d. All teachers regardless of their experience should have c. If given the chance to become a government official,
daily lesson plan. what reform/s will you advocate? Why?
d. Who among the Filipino heroes and heroines do you like
24. In Music, Teacher 1 wants to teach the class how to play best? Explain.
the piano in the Key of C. Which of the following should be
his objective? 8. Why does the teacher have to plan the
a. To play the piano in the key of C chords day's activities?
b. To improve playing the piano in the key of C a. This is expected by pupils.
c. To interpret property of chords of Key of C in the piano b. This is required of a teacher.
d. To exhibit excellent playing of piano in the key of C c. The ability of the teacher is tested.
d. The accomplishment of the objectives is dependent of
25. When using instructional material, what should the the plan
teacher primarily consider?
a. The material must be new and skillfully made. 9. Which of the following should the teacher use to start the
b. It must be suited to the lesson objective. class discussion?
c. The material must stimulate and maintain a. Narrow question
students' interest b. Convergent question
d. It must be updated and relevant to Filipino setting. c. Memory question
d. Divergent question
(Answers: 1B 2D 3C 4A 5A 6C 7A 8C 9A 10D 11C 12B 13A 10. What of the following characterizes best a well-
14C 15D 16D 17D 18A 19A 20D 21C 22A 23C 24A 25B) managed class? When learners
a. are controlled by the teacher
Principles and Strategies of Teaching Part 2 b. blindly obey teachers' instructions
c. pursue their task without inhibition
1. Student A wishes to write a lesson plan. Which question d. are engaged in an activity that leads them to realize the
should s/he asks herself/himself first? set goal
a. What materials will I need?
b. How will I get things started? 11. Which of the following belongs to a lower-order thinking
c. What do I want to accomplish? skills?
d. What exercises will I give my students? a. Teaching for meaning
b. Encouraging creativity
2. Which of the following characterizes best an effective c. Asking convergent questions
classroom manager? One who is friendly yet d. Making the students aware of their mental processes
a. Rigid
b. Demanding 12. When should Teacher M undertake the task of setting up
c. Business-like routine activities?
d. Buddy-buddy a. Every homeroom period
b. On the very first day of school
3. Which of the classroom activities below is effective? c. Every day at the start of the session
a. The concept learned is applicable to daily life. d. As soon as the students have adjusted to their schedule
b. The techniques and approaches used are varied.
c. The variety of instructional materials used is evident. 13. Which of the following marks a conducive environment?
d. The laughter and enjoyment of students are contagious. a. Excessive praise
b. Individual competition
4. When is praise effective? When it c. Long assignments
a. describes students present accomplishments d. Cooperative learning
b. shows spontaneity, variety and other signs of credibility
c. focuses students attention on their own task relevant 14. Which of the following helps develop critical thinking?
behavior a. Asking low-level questions
d. provides information to students about their b. Blind obedience to authority
competence and the value of their accomplishments c. Asking convergent questions
d. Willingness to suspend judgment until sufficient
evidence is presented 24. Which of the following routines is the best way to start a
class?
15.Teacher N wants to develop the comprehension skills of a. Ringing the bell
his pupils. How should hisnquestioning proceed? b. Greeting each other
I. literal II. Interpretation III. Critical IV. Integration c. Making the children line up
a. I, II, III, IV d. Asking the children to clean the room
b. I, III, II, IV
c. I, II, IV, III 25. What is the most effective way to distribute papers/
d. IV, III, II, I materials in class?
a. Give pupils papers one by one
16. Which of the following counters the teacher's role b. Let pupils come to the teacher one by one
as facilitator of learning? c. Ask a leader pupil to distribute the papers.
a. Does more talk than learners d. Instruct pupils to "Get one and pass".
b. Does less talk compared to learners
c. Makes use of interactive teaching strategies (Answers: 1C 2C 3A 4D 5A 6A 7A 8D 9D 10D 11C 12B 13D
d. Caters to multiple intelligence in the classroom 14D 15A 16A 17B 18C 19D 20A 21B 22A 23C 24B 25D)

17. Which of the following practices violates Principles and Strategies of Teaching Part 3
the guidelines in asking questions?
a. Avoid cognitive memory questions 1. Of goals of education, which relates to the strengthening
b. Call on pupils before asking the questions of our society’s sense of belonging and identity?
c. Use probing questions to follow up incomplete answers A. Autonomy
d. Sequence questions so that higher level questions build B. Enculturation
on the answers to lower level questions C. Moral character
D. Citizenship
18. Which of the following shows cooperation?
a. Doing all the work alone 2. Of the following interventions, which is directly aimed at
b. Letting others copy from you responding to the transitional gap
c. Collaborating with others in the group between academicachievement and employment?
d. Allowing others to dominate in the decision-making A. Deregulation of tuition fees
B. Voluntary accreditation of schools
19. Which of the following violates good discipline? C. School networking with business and industry
a. Practice D. Identification of centers of excellence
b. Attention
c. Modeling 3. Teacher Ernie makes sure that he covers the essential
d. Punishment subject content, while treating them sufficiency or in-depth.
What guiding principle is he following for lesson
20. Asking a series of questions to a student is a violation of preparation?
which technique in questioning? A. Balance
a. Wait time B. Feasibility
b. Prompting questions C. Significance
c. Redirection D. Self-sufficiency
d. Probing questions
4. As preventive measure for classroom discipline, the
21. Which of the following should Teacher O practice more if teacher may restructure the program. How is this not done?
he wants to give his students the opportunity to think A. Reteach lessons difficult to understand
critically? B. Remove tension level before proceeding with lesson
a. Provide questions with clues C. Modify lesson
b. Give questions that require analysis D. Skip whole lesson unit altogether
c. Give questions that deviate from the main topic
d. Allow the children to ask questions during class 5. Teacher Jose talks to students about their interests, what
discussion they did over the weekend, their progress in school work, etc.
What positive approach to classroom management did
22. Which guideline in asking questions must Teacher P use Teacher Jose apply?
to develop reflective thought and critical thinking among A. Trusting students
her learners? B. Being fair and consistent
a. Probing C. Expressing interest for students
b. Prompting D. Being positive
c. Wait time
d. Redirection 6. Of the following, which is a non-threatening style of
disciplining unruly students?
23. Which of the following practices is an effective way to A. Stand under heat of the sun
start a lesson? B. Do push-ups
a. Checking the attendance C. Send to guidance office
b. Scolding someone who was late D. Squat before the class
c. Evaluating the work done the previous day
d. Reminding the pupils of standards of listening
7. Among mistaken goals in the Acceptance Approach to 15. Which of the following steps should be completed first in
discipline, what happens when students seek to hurt others planning an achievement test?
to make up being for being hurt or rejected? A. Set up a table of specifications
A. Revenge seeking B. Define the instructional objective
B. Power seeking C. Select the types of test items to use
C. Withdrawal D. Decide on the length of the test
D. Attention getting
16. Teacher Francis organized a structured class discussion
8. Among mistaken goals in the Acceptance Approach to with two opposing sides and assigned speakers on the issue
discipline, what happens when students are not getting the of contraceptives. What was this kind of class?
recognition they desire, continually seek help, and refuse to A. Brainstorming
work unless the teacher hovers over them? B. Debate
A. Attention getting C. panel discussion
B. Withdrawal D. symposium
C. Revenge seeking
D. Power seeking 17. Problems of discipline (misdeeds, lapses, minor offenses)
can be reduced through enthusiasm which can be matched
9. Among mistaken goals in the Acceptance Approach to by the enthusiasm of learners. What can draw a laugh and
discipline, what happens when students feel helpless and reduce tension from all?
rejected so that they remove themselves rather than A. Verbal reinforces
confront the situation? B. Nonverbal gestures
A. Withdrawal C. Dialogues
B. Power seeking D. Sense of humor
C. Revenge seeking
D. Attention getting 18. What best describes “puwede na” mentality vs.
excellence in service/work?
10. To manage behavior, the teacher needs to be able to A. Arduous preparation
identify the mistaken goals of students. What is the hidden B. Resignation to mediocrity
goal of students who become violent? C. Committed work
A. Goal is to seek power D. Striving to be the best
B. Goal is to get attention
C. Goal is to isolate self 19. If the children are cooperatively engaged with the
D. Goal is to get revenge teacher in a group project the children will discipline
themselves as each member of the group exercises
11. Facilities such as classrooms, fixtures, and equipment A. Obedience to the teacher
can often damage the morale of new teachers and become B. Special interest
an obstacle for adapting well to the school environment. C. Peer influence
What should be the policy for assigning said physical D. Moral compulsion
facilities?
A. Needs of student’s basis 20. Which of these “combination of classes” is organized in
B. Position ranking basis places where the required number of pupils of the same
C. First-come, first-served basis grade levels has not met the required number to make up a
D. Service seniority basis separate class thus the teacher apportions class time for
instruction to every grade level within the class?
12. According to the guidelines on punishment, what does it A. Mutli-grade
mean if the teacher should give the student the benefit of the B. Heterogeneous
doubt? C. Extension
A. Make sure facts are right before punishing D. Homogeneous
B. Doubt the incident really happened
C. Don’t punish and doubt effectiveness of punishment (Answers: 1D 2C 3A 4D 5C 6C 7A 8A 9A 10D 11A 12D 13B
D. Get the side of the students when punishing 14C 15B 16B 17D 18B 19C 20A)

13. Of subcategories of movement behavior, what is

happening when the teacher ends an activity abruptly?
A. Thrust
B. Truncation
C. Stimulus-bounded
D. Flip-flop

14. Which of the following is true of a democratic

classroom?
A. Teacher acts as firm decision maker
B. Students decide what and how to learn
C. Consultation and dialogue

D. Suggestions are sent to higher officials for decisions