CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter contains the design brief, situation analysis, objective of the

study, significance of the study as well as the scope and delimitation of the

study.

DESIGN BRIEF

Aratiles (Muntingia calabura linn.) is a fast growing tree which is native to

Philippines with 5 to 10 meters high and has spreading branches. Its leaves

are hairy, sticky, oblong-oblate, while the fruit is edible, sweet and juicy, and

contains a large number of tiny 0.5mm yellow seeds. Furthermore, its flower

can be used as an antiseptic and a treatment to abdominal cramps.The bark

is also being used for making ropes.

Aratiles fruit is a minor but well)known and wholesome fruit, borne by a

multipurpose tree and therefore merits inclusion. The abundant fruits are

round with red and sometimes yellow, smooth, thin, tender)skin and light

brown, soft, juicy pulp with very sweet,musky, somewhat fig) like flavor, filled

exceedingly minute, yellowish seeds, too fine to be noticed in eating. This fruit

is naturalized and widely distributed. &t is available anywhere,especially here

in the Philippines.
SITUATION ANALYSIS

Muntingia calabura L. (commonly known as Sarisa); the Aratiles may have

been one of the fruit trees that were brought from South America by the

Spanish galleons during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines.

The fruit is very rich in Vitamin C, calcium, phosphorus and iron. Moreover,

according to a report, the nutritive value and medicine properties of aratiles

fruit per very 100g of the aratiles was reported that contain approximately:

moisture 77.8 g

protein 0.32 g 

fat 1.56g 

fiber 4.6 g 

calcium 124 mg 

phosphorus 84 mg 

iron 1.18 mg 

carotene 0.019 mg 

thiamine 0.065 mg 

riboflavin 0.037 mg 

niacin 0.554 mg, and 

ascorbic acid is 80.5mg

The energy value was 380 kj/100g (Morton 1987).

Despite these promising benefits from the Aratiles, it is still greatly ignored by

people. Everywhere, you can see its unharvested fruits just falling on the

ground and left to rot.

The goal of this study is to achieve the following:

 Develop a syrup from Aratiles (Muntingia calabura)fruit?

 Does the extract of aratiles fruit have the qualities needed to be a syrup?

 Determine the acceptability of Aratiles syrup.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The research study will benefit the following:

Consumers: This study will introduce a new way of enjoying healthy

and nutritious syrup in Mati City.

Community: This will contribute to the communal fund and will help uplift

the way of living of the people in the community for the employment

it will offer.

Local Government: T h i s   w i l l   s e r v e   a s   a   d e s t i n a t i o n   f o r

municipality’s promotion. This will also help to provide a new idea

and a new source of income in the city.

Future researchers: This may serve as a valuable reference and basis to the

students and other researchers conducting related studies.

This study was focused on determining the acceptability of aratiles syrup in

City of Mati . It targets the students and employees, most especially the

syrup-lovers in the said location.

CHAPTER II

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter presents the analysis of the problem, review of related literature,

process and production, theoretical framework, conceptual model, and the

operational definition of the technical terms.

ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM

Aratiles fruit is a minor but well known fruit that is naturalized and

widely distributed, but is rarely grown on a commercial scale and are just sold

on markets in small amounts. It tends to be an invasive plant since birds

disperse the seeds and they germinate readily. It is available anywhere,

especially here in the Philippines. Everywhere, you can see its unharvested

fruits just falling on the ground and left to rot.

The sweet, sticky and sometimes slightly astringent berries are consumed

fresh and as preserves and jam and are very popular with Filipino children. It

is rich in Vitamin C, Calcium,Phosphorous and Iron.

Muntingia calabura, the sole species in the genus Muntingia, is a flowering

plant native to southern Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America, and western

South America south to Peru and Bolivia. Common names include (English)

Jamaican cherry, Panama berry, Singapore cherry, Strawberry tree; (Spanish)

bolaina, yamanaza, cacaniqua, capulín blanco, nigua, niguito, memizo or

memiso; (Indonesia) kersen; and (Filipino) aratilis, aratiles, manzanitas and

sarisa (Pudine,2014).

Uses of Aratiles

ANTI-BACTERIAL AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

Aratiles has been found to have anti-bacterial features. It can be used to help

the human body to ward off bacteria and boost the body’s ability to fight off

infections. Research had also shown it also has anti-inflammatory substance

that may help reduce sores and swelling. Kerson fruit or Aratiles is a natural

antibiotic that fights staph, intestinal bacteria, sepsis, and

diphtheria(Ramos,2014). 

ARATILES IS RICH IN VITAMIN C

This is something that we all need in these times of COVID-19 pandemic virus

that has plagued the world. Would you believe that one hundred grams of

aratiles is equal to 150 mgs of Vitamin C? Vitamin C helps in the prevention of

flu and colds, it is also a strong anti-oxidant and helps in the prevention of

some types of cardiovascular disease (Ramos,2014).  

A GOOD SOURCE OF ANTIOXIDANT

Free radicals are practically everywhere. These are short-lived molecules that

our body produces when it breaks down food or when we’re exposed to
radiation or cigarette second-hand smoke. Aratiles is rich in antioxidants.

Antioxidants protect the cells from the negative effects of free

radicals(Ramos,2014).  

A RELIEF FOR HEADACHE

People who suffer severe migraines and headaches often have blood vessel

constriction. Aratiles berries relax blood vessels so that blood can normally

flow again (Ramos,2014).  

MAINTAINS BLOOD PRESSURE

The tea made out of Aratiles fruit can give one a pretty good amount of ntric

oxide.  These are natural chemicals that relaxes the blood vessels so blood

can flow smoothly and hassle-free sans the pressure in our blood veins

(Ramos,2014).  

LOWERS URIC ACID LEVELS AND GOUT REMEDY

Ripe Aratiles fruit is red in color because of a specific purpose—the skin

contains Anthrosyanin—a great antioxidant. It could help avoid uric acid levels

from rising. The most common problem mostly found in older men that affects

the joints, tendons and other tissues close to the bone called gout can also be

alleviated by the Aratiles fruit (Ramos,2014).  

BRAIN DEVELOPMENT

Aratiles also helps with brain development and boosts brain function making it

a great choice of fruit for people with cognitive problems.

HELPFUL FOR PEOPLE WITH DIABETES

have it for the rest of your life. The key is in the way you manage and control

your blood sugar. Aratiles or kerson fruit effectively lowers blood sugar

according to studies. Regular consumption of this wonder fruit may also be a

preventive measure against diabetes mellitus (Ramos,2014).

IT HAS CARDIOVASCULAR BENEFITS

Aratiles tea has specific antioxidants that prevent inflammation that causes

myocardial infarction or heart attack. Parts of our heart muscles may suffer

permanent damage due to lack of blood flow during heart attack. Consuming

aratiles tea is a good way to prevent such to happen (Ramos,2014).

IT IS A PAIN BLOCKER

The Aratiles fruit is a pretty good pain reliever. Its tea actually blocks pain

receptors. We all have neurons in our body. Each time we receive a stimuli,

they send messages to our spinal cord and brain when we feel pain. Aratiles

tea has the ability to block those messages from being sent (Ramos,2014).

CONTAINS IMPORTANT NUTRIENTS NEEDED BY THE BODY

Aratiles is rich in fiber, carbs, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and B-

vitamins. You can eat it as it is—raw, made into jams and jellies, drink its tea

etc.

In certain areas of the Philippines, these little red fruits are

called manzanitas (“small apples”), also spelled mansanitas or manchanitas.

Locals of Tarlac province and Nueva Ecija call them saresa, while the

Ilonggos of the Visayas region call them sarisa.

which are abundant but most of the people do not find any value out of its

fruit. Muntingia calaburaor aratiles is a fast-growing tree that has a cherry like

fruit with multiple health benefits: Such as lowering blood sugar, preventing

cancer, promoting cardiovascular health, lowering blood pressure, and

blocking pain, just to name a few. For this reason, the researchers decided to

make a product which involves aratiles fruit in order for the people to be

aware about the use and essential benefits of aratiles fruit. The study mainly

aimed to determine the acceptability of syrup made of aratiles in terms of its

taste, odor and texture.

TO MAKE MY STUDY BRING to reality here are the ingredients THAT WE

NEED.

Aratiles

LEMON

Coconut and JUICE WHITE SUGAR

CORnSTARCH
PROCESS

1. FIRST IS TO WASH YOUR ARATILES in A COLD WATER WITH BAKING

SODA,

THEN after you wash the aratiles ,

SEPARATE THE ARATILES IN ANOTHER bowl.

2. Second is EITHER YOU SliCE it with a knife or you STAB WITH A FORK,

JUST TO MAKE SURE THAT EACH PIECE OF ArATILES IS EXTRACTING

A JUICE

Then mix it with a pair of lemon,

then YOU JUST SQUEEZE IT to the aratiles and

MIX IT Well.

then set aside the aratiles and

LEAVE IT fOR 20 minutes

3. THIRD In A PAn LET'S PUT A CUP OF WHITE SUGAR, 1/3 TSPN OF

CORN STARCH AND INSTEAD OF WATER WE WILL USE THE COCONUT

wATER. 1 1/2 CUP OF COCONUT WATER THEN cook it below medium heat

and stir it slowly.

4. For about 10min. Of stirring we pour our aratiles in the pan , then continue

stirring until the aratiles will blend into the mixture of white sugar and the

coconut water.
5. After it reached the consistency needed. Turn of the heat remove the pan

on the gastove then let it cool for about 10-15minutes.

6. And last find a big jar that you want to store your aratiles syrup. Then pour

it in and done. You have your aratiles syrup.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Aratiles Syrup
1. Aratiles Fruit
2. Lemon
3. Coconut Water  Appearance/Clarity
4. White Sugar  Taste
5. Cornstarch  General Acceptability
Mix all of it and heat it for
10mins.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Aratiles - a berry tree that produce a tiny yellowish fruit.

Acceptability- describes to something that is socially ok or within realm of

what is appropriate.

Clarity - a the clearness of the aratiles syrup.

Taste - to try by touch of tongue to perceive the relish or flavor of aratiles

syrup by eating.