English for Language schools

Prep two

Orman Language Smart School

First Term

Name:……………………
 Unit one On Camera
Vocab
Warn : To tell somebody about something dangerous.
Illegal : against the law.
Citizen : inhabitant of a state or nation.
Surveillance : The careful watching of people who may have done something wrong.
Cash machine : A machine from which you can withdraw money.
Tags : Labels which you attach to an item (e.g. a suitcase)
Monitoring : Keeping a check on something.
Work out : To calculate.
Shoplifter : People who steal from shops .
Initially : At the beginning, at first.
Offenders : People who break the law
Interact : To communicate with somebody.
Deter : To make someone not to do something.
Potential : Possible.
Vulnerable : Weak and easy to attack.
in contact : To communicate.
in theory : As a general idea which may not be true in reality.

Choose the correct answer :

1- I liked the job ............. but it soon got quite boring.

( illegal - initially- investigate - interact)

2- It's ........... to own a gun without a special license.

( legal - illegal - inaudible – include)

3- He ...................... me about the danger of walking home at night.

( work out - warned- detected - attached)

4- Young..................... shouldn't be sent to adult prisons.

(satellites- downloads- offenders- vulnerable)

5- How much is this dress ? There isn't a price ......................on it .

(citizen – tag - attachment - potential)

6- The building is protected by. .................cameras.

(vulnerable - cash machine – monitoring – surveillance)

7- Wind power is a ...................... source of energy.

(potential - deter - in theory - work out)
8- Can you .................. how much it costs to install a CCTV camera?

( warn - work out – deter - interact)

9- A ................... is a person who steals something form a shop while pretending to be a customer.

( shoplifter – detective - surveillance - tags)

10- Most teachers use tests to ......... the progress of their students.
( detect - monitor - interact - work out)
11- I ............ the total cost.
(worked in - worked at - worked out - worked)

12- We keep ........................ with our office in New York.

( in contact - in theory - in place - at once)

13- A murder was reported and the police were sent out to …..........…….
( investigate - interact - inactive- in theory)

14- There's a lot of new educational ...................... available now.

(software - download – satellite - monitoring)
15- A ……… is an object that moves round a bigger a bigger object in space.

( software - satellite - investigation - attachment)

16- Poor organizations left the troops ........................ to enemy.

( potential - vulnerable - work out - cash in)

Complete from the list :

cash machine – surveillance – illegal – offender – attached –

warn – detected.

1- I tried to ............... him but it was too late.

2- Sam will have to go and withdraw some money at the ….............…..before he can go shopping.
3- The police had the gang under............................ for weeks.

4- The school rules explicitly state the students should not run in the corridors, but James was a

habitual……………………
5- The houses are .......................... and not separate units.
6- Traces of blood were..................................on his clothes .

7- The oil company is being taken to court for ..................... Operation in Nigeria.

Write the synonyms :

1. labels = …………… 2. at first = …………….

3. Weak=.................... 4. Being watched=.....................

5. Solve=................... 6. Possible=......................

7. Criminals=..................... 8. Place outside the bank=..............................

9. Not allowed by law=......................

 Word formation

Verbs Nouns

Attach Attachment

Develop Development

Harass Harassment

Treat Treatment

Appear Appearance

Assist Assistance

Detect Detection

Exasperate Exasperation

Investigate Investigation

Recognize Recognition

Complete the gaps with the correct word derived from the word in bold :
1- The matter is still under…….…..........….. (investigate)
2- The land has been bought for …….............…. (develop)
3- The ……............….of the prisoners of war was very harsh. (treat)

4- She shouted for help but nobody came for ….............…… (assist)

5- She looked at me with no sign of …..........….. in he eyes. (recognize)

6- To the team's ........... .........the match was cancelled because it started to rain. ( exasperate)

7- He sent off the e-mail without including the ……..........…… (attach)

8- The ……..........… of masked man caused all the people to panic (appear)
 Verbs for looking:-

Gape : To look at sb/ sth with your mouth open

Glare : To look at sb/ sth angrily.

Glance : To look at sb/ sth quickly.

Observe: To watch sb / sth carefully to discover more about it.

Peer : To try to see sb/ sth when you can't see it / them clearly.

Peek : To look at sb/ sth quickly and secretively.

Spot : To see sb / sth suddenly.

Stare : To look at sb/ sth for a long time.

Choose the correct answer :

1- We all stood and ....................... in astonishment when our teacher came into school in a brand new
sports car. (glared – glanced – gaped – observed)

2- The little boy ........................ at his new bike in surprise.

(gaped – glared – spotted – stared)

3- The teacher……………..at her watch.

(glared – glanced – observed – spotted)

4- The children were very quiet and so she........................ into the room to see what they were
doing.
(gaped – peeked – peered – glanced)
5- The old man..................... angrily at the naughty children.
(glanced – glared – peeked – peered)

6- The girl carefully… ............... how her mother was cooking the dish before trying it herself.
(observed – glanced – gaped – peeked)

7- My nosy neighbour .........................over the fence.

(peeked – peered – spotted – observed)
 8- The little children ................... into their grandmother's bag to see if they could find some sweets.

(glanced – spotted – peeked – observed)

9- Our neighbour ................over the high wall and asked us why we were making so much noise.

(gaped – peered – observed – glared)

10- My mother ………….. into the dark room.

(glared – gaped - spotted – peered)

11- The child ……………………. At me for a long time.

(stand – spot – stared – glared)
12- She was so surprised at how tall her cousin had grown that she just stood in the doorway and
……..........at him. (glanced – observed – stared – stand)

13- I suddenly ....................a friend at the supermarket.

(started – stared – spotted – glanced)
14- I've ..................... a couple of spelling mistakes

(glared – peeked – spotted – observed)

- Kimono : A traditional Japanese piece of clothing worn on formal

occasions.

- Sari : A long piece of cloth that is worn by Indian women.

- Kilt : A type of cloth worn by men as part of the national dress of

Scotland.

- Turban : A covering for the head worn by Shikh and muslim men.
It's made by folding a long piece of cloths around the head
 Shape Texture Pattern Material Other

Baggy Fine Checked Cotton Knee-length

Tight Strong Decorated Fur Short-Sleeved

Wide Thick Stripy Linen Long-sleeved

Loose Hard Patterned Alpaca Matching

Soft Plain Wooden Fur-lined

Tartan Seal skin

When we have more than one adjective before a noun, they usually come in this order:

Opinion  shape  texture  pattern  material + noun

Size colour

Choose :
1- Indian women always wear ……………………

(Sari – Turban – kilt – kimono )

2- A ........... is made by folding a long piece of cloth around the head.
(kimono – kilt – turban – sari)

3- A kimono is worn by .......... people on formal occasions.

(Egyptian – Chinese – Japanese – Indian)

4- A .............. is the national dress of Scotland.

(Sari – kimono – turban – kilt)
 In black and white :In writing or in print
Once in a blue moon : Rarely
The golden rule :A piece of advice about what you should do in particular situations.
Green fingers :Good at gardening.
A red herring : An idea or subject which takes people's attention away from
what's really important.
A little white lie : Don't tell the truth a lie that is not very harmful or serious,
especially one that you tell because the truth would hurt
somebody.

Complete the following sentences with suitable idioms :

1- The exam went well, but I won't believe the result unit I see it in ……………....................…

2- I won't believe we've got the contract till I see it in …….............………

3- My sister lives abroad, so we only see her once in ………...............…

4- I visit my grandma once in ….......................…………..

5- The only person in my family with ........................... is my grandpa. His garden always looks
beautiful.
6- Anna told her sister… .........................about her outfit because she didn't want to hurt her
feelings.

7- His baby was ugly, but I told a little ............................. and said it was cute.
8- Detectives wasted a lot of time searching for an old car which turned to
be…….....................................…….
 The present simple tense
Usage :
1- For habits and routines.
e.g: They get up early every day.
He plays tennis twice a week.

2- For a permanent situation or fact.

e.g: He drives an elegant black Mercedes to work every day.
The sun sets in the west.

3-For timetables and schedules.

e.g: The match starts at 8:30 pm.

The first flight to London leaves at 9 a.m

Form :
- In the present simple, we use the verb without an ending or (s) with I, we, they and you.
- With (He, she , it) , we added (s, es or ies) to the verbs to make correct form.
I / you / we / they  Infinitive   (play, like, go)

He / she / it  infinitives + s, es, ies  (plays, likes, goes)

* Add (es) to the verbs ending in (ch – sh – s – o – x) with He / she / it

Go  goes watch  watches

Mix  mixes quiz  quizzes

Negative:

* The form of (don't / doesn't ) is used in negative :

I / you / we / they  don't + inf

He / she / it  doesn’t + inf

Question:

* The form of (Do / does ) is used in questions:

Do + I / you / we / they + inf ?

Does + he / she / it + inf ?

Do you usually go for a swim ?

Does he always go to school early ?

Time expressions used with the present simple :

Usually – always – often – sometimes – (never) used in negative

Every day / week / month / year .
At night / the weekend / on Fridays .

The Present Continuous tense

Usage :

1- For something happening now or about now :

e.g: listen ! kim's singing in the shower again !

Tina is doing her homework at the moment.

2- For arrangements in the future :

e.g : we're going tonight .
3- For describing annoying habits (with always)
e.g : They're always playing loud music. I hate it.

You're always leaving your dirty socks on the floor.

Form :
am / is / are + verb + ing

Long form Contracted form

- I am eating - I'm eating
- He / she is learning - He's learning
- He's learning
- It is running - It's running
- You are playing - You're playing
- They are playing - They're playing
- we are playing - we're playing

Negative :

Am / is / are + not + verb + ing

- I am not working
- He isn't eating

- they aren't traveling

Question:

Verb to be + subject + v + ing ?

- Are you buying clothes ?

- Is he speaking Spanish ?

Time expressions used with the present continuous:

now – at the moment – at present – these days – nowadays – still – today – tonight.
 Stative verbs : are verbs which describe a state rather than an action, and so they do not
have a continuous tense.
See – hear – know – believe – understand – forget – remember
– mean – enjoy – belong – prefer – want .

- That bike belongs to me .  (present simple)

- That bike is belonging to me. X (don't use present continuous)
Choose the correct answer :

1- Vicky ................ for a new flat at the moment.

(looks – is looking – looked – looking)
2- She ................to decorate the kitchen this weekend.

(it wanting – want – wants – wanted)

3- Kelly .................... to Rome every year.
(goes – is going – go – going)
4- The play........................ at 9: 00 p.m

(started – is starting – starts – has started)

5- I ........................ …………the course at all.

(am not understanding – doesn't understand – don't understand - didn’t understood)
6- look ! it …………………..

(snows – snowed – snowing – is snowing)

7- Rami....................... noise. It’s his bad habit.

(is always making – is making always – made – makes)

8- He ............. his homework . he hasn't finished it yet

(still does – is still doing – did – had done )
9- My brother… ........ a motorbike for his birthday

(want – wants – wanted – is wanting)

10- What's the matter ? why… ............... crying ?

(you are – are you – do you – do they)

11- She always......................a lot of photos when she's on holiday.

(is taking – takes – took – taken)

12- We ......................... to school on Saturdays.

(don't go – aren't going – haven't gone – doesn't go)
13- Rami............... his grandma twice a week. It's his habit.
(to visits – visited – visits – visiting )
14- Mammals never .................... eggs.
(lay – laid – lain – lie)
15- The train to Cairo ............... at 6 : 30 tomorrow morning
(leaves – will leave – can leave – has left)
16- The sun ........... in east and sets in west.
(rose – will rise – can rise – rises )
17- He ........... often play football.
(doesn't – isn't – hasn't – wasn't)
18-We ……………………… to school because it’s holiday.
(don’t go - isn’t go - aren’t go - are going)
19-Run! The bus ……………………………….
(is coming - come - comes - are coming)
20-Hani ………………….. at 7:30 every morning.
(is waking up - wakes up - had woken up - woke up)
 Verb patterns : verb + infinitive / verb + ing form

Verb + to + inf Verb + ing form

can’t afford to / afford to Enjoy
Don’t expect to Spend
Manage to Avoid
Pretended to Imagine
Don't seem to Can't help
Refuse to/ Agree to Can't face
Fail up
Hope to/ want to

A-Choose the correct answer :

1- I don't know how my mother manages .......... six children and go out to work.
(looking after – looked after - to look after – look after)
2- They enjoy............... dinner for their friends. It's fun !
(made – to make – making – make)
3- When you visit a hot country, you should avoid ..... directly in the sun.
(sitting – sit – to sit – sat)
4- We're sorry. We promise not ................ late again.
(being – is – to be – are)
5- It's a beautiful day. I feel like.............. for a long walk in the park this afternoon.
(to go – going – go – went)
6- The teacher says she'll call our parents if we fail .............. our homework on time.
(handing in – handed in – to hand in – hand in)
7- I've studied a lot, so I expect............ well in my exams next month.
(doing – do – to do – did)
8- She refuses .............. ……..any more money to her brother until he pays her back.
(lending – to lend – lent – lend )
9-Olivia is so embarrassed about her new haircut that she can't face……….the house.
(leaving – to leave – to leaving – leave)
10- The doctor suggests ………….so much coffe if you want to sleep better.
(not to drink – not drinking – not drink)
B - Re-write :
1- Mona sometimes makes us delicious cake. (Mona and Nahla)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2- We don't like touching snakes. (She)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
3- A cow gives us meat and milk. (cows)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
4- It's Jack's habit to drink coffee in the morning. (usually)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
5- He came earlier than usual. (usually)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
6- It's his habit to have tea at night. (He)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
7- Having a piece of cake with tea is her favorite. (she)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
8- He goes to school early. (late)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
9- Fish never live on land. (water)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
10- He is used to reading short stories. (sometimes)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
11- He has a habit of doing exercises daily. (usually)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
12- It isn't my habit to go fishing on Friday. (I)
………………………………………………………………………………………
13- She doesn’t hurt her friends feeling. (never )
…………………………………………………………………………………………
14- He puts his dirty socks on the floor. (is always)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
15- We have arranged to go swimming tomorrow. (we are)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
16- I have made so many arrangements to go camping next week. (I am)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
17- He always sleeps at nine o'clock. (change into negative)
.......................................................................................................................................
18- Today she is traveling to Barcelona. (always)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
20 – We're believing in freedom of speech. (Correct the sentence)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
Imagine you have a new exchange student. Write a letter of (120 -150 ) words introducing yourself to him
or her. Follow the plan below:-

Paragraph 1
Introducing and general personal details.

Paragraph 2
Talking about your country or town.

Paragraph 3
Talking about your favorite hobbies.

Paragraph 4
Asking for information about the other person.
 Draft 1
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 Unit Two
Memories

Memory : The ability to remember things or something that you remember.

patchy : Something which isn't complete .
portray : Shown in a film.
Outgoing : Friendly and sociable
Escorted : Accompanied by someone
Stunning : Extremely attractive.
skull : The bone in your head that protects you brain
at once : Immediately.
scrawled : Written quickly or carelessly.
discharge : To release somebody from hospital.
baffled : Very confused
severity : Seriousness.
enrol : To become a member of a clubor or a college
cope : To deal successfully with a difficult situation
rucksack : A bag that you carry on you ’re back.
flip – flops : Simple shoes that you wear when it's hot
aptitude : Natural ability or skill.
Choose the correct answer :
1- I don't think I can ….................with much more homework. (copy – cope – cover – corn)
2- The X – ray showed a crack in her…..................... from where she's banged her head.
(severity – stunning – skull- scrawled )
3- I don't know anything about German, and my knowledge of history is very ……............……
(memory – portrayed – patchy – outgoing)
4- The instructions were complicated that I was completely……..........…..
(stunning – baffled – patchy – skull)
5- My brothers are completely different . My eldest brother is quite shy while the youngest is
………….................….(reserved – outgoing – nosy – embarrassing)
6- The president's car was ............................... by several police cars.
(found – enrolled – escorted – portrayed)
7- My friend looked............. on her wedding party. (discharged – stunning – scrawled – escorted )
8- He won't be ......................from the hospital until he starts walking again.
(discharged – coped – patchy – outgoing)
9- He .......................... his name across the top of the paper.
(baffled – escorted – coped – scrawled)
10- They didn't realize the ........................ of his illness until he collapsed.
(skull – severity – scrawl – discharge)
11- When I go traveling , I'm going to take a ........... instead of a suitcase.
(course – rucksack – flip flops – handbag)
12- She sometimes finds it difficult to cope..............all the pressure at work.
(in – on – at – with)
13- In the film , the main character was ................ as a very nervous individual.
(patchy – portrayed – coped – enrolled)
14- I've ………… on an Italian course. (escorted – coped – enrolled – carried)
15- We're all ……….. by this problem (good – genius – baffled – proficient)
16- She has an...............for learning languages (answer – aptitude – discharge – outgoing)
 Adj + with Adj+ in
Happy with Interested in
Bored with Proficient in
Adj. + about Adj. + of
Upset about Tired of
Nervous about Ashamed of
Worried about Scared of
Proud of
Adj + at
Surprised at
Good at

Phrasal verbs :

Phrasal verbs Meanings

Fall through Not happen
Go out Leave the house
Break down Stop working
Hold on Wait
Set off Start a journey
Wake up Stop sleeping
Come back Return
Stay in Remain at home
Complete with a suitable verb :
woke - set - broke - fell - hold - going - stayed - came
1-We ……………….. back at midnight.

2- " I'll make some tea .................... on".

3- They were all late because the car ................. down.

4- She................... up when she heard the alarm.

5- Our plans to go camping ............through because of the rain.

6- They ............... in because it was raining.
7- We.............. off at down to avoid the traffic.

8- Last night, I.............. out with my friends to see a film at the cinema.

Phrasal verbs Meanings

- grow up - To develop into an adult

- go up - To become higher in price, level, amount to rise or increase.

- give up - To stop doing something.

- get up - To get out of bed or make sb get out of bed.

- clean up - To remove all the dirt from a place that is particularly dirty.

- speak up - To speak louder.

- stand up -To be or become vertical.

- turn up - To arrive or to appear.

Re-write the sentences with a phrasal verb formed by the verbs in box and the particle up.

clean- give – go – grow – get – stand – turn – speak

1- I'm going to tide the kitchen before mum and dad get back.
I'm going to clean up the kitchen before mum and dad get back.
2- I've tried many times to stop smoking.
……………………………………………………………………………
3- What do you want to be when you become an adult ?
……………………………………………………………………………
4- What time do you have to get out of bed in the morning ?
………………………………………………………………………………
5- I can't hear you ! could you talk louder, please ?
………………………………………………………………………………
6- What time did they finally arrive ?
…………………………………………………………………………………
7- The birth rate increased up by 10 %
…………………………………………………………………………………
8- The little boy got to his feet in order to see better.
…………………………………………………………………………………
Choose :
1- I'm happy ................what you've done.
(of – about – with – in )
2- She was ashamed .................... her old clothes.
(in – about – with – of)
3- I'm scared .....................spiders.
(in – of – at – with)
4- Suzan was always jealous ................. her younger sister.
(in – with – about – of)
5- Alex's nervous ........... his first driving lesson.
(of – with – about – in)
6-Let's play something else. We're ......... with this game.
(interested – happy – bored – upset)
7-Are you ....... of the dark ?
(upset – happy – scared – nervous )
8-I'm tired .......listening the same thing again and again.
(with – in – of – about )
9-Our car broke ............ on the way to school yesterday.
(on – off – down – back)
10-My mother told me to hold ................... while she was fetching her jacket.
(in – off – on – with)
11-His plans to go to the university fell.................. because he didn't pass his exams.
(about – on – of – through)
12-They ........... ….off at dawn to avoid the traffic.
(broke – hold – came – set)
13-They say that food prices are going to………… up again this month.
(give – get – go – turn)
14-We have to........………up every time a teacher enters the classroom.
(stand – speak – turn – clean)
15-Hardly anyone ..... ……….up at the meeting.
(cleaned – spoke – turned – stood)
16-I …….up at 7 : 30 everyday.
(go – give – get – turn)
17-My friend will give ......... ………smoking.
(up – down – back – on)
18-The project ........ ………due to lack of money.
(fell to – fell through – set off – went out )
19-I'm a bit nervous…………. traveling on my own.
(in – on – at – about)
20-He was the first at school. His parents were proud…………. him.
(about – with – of – at)

 Relieved :Pleased because your fear or worry has been

taken away.

 Furious :Very angry.

 Homesick :Sad because you are away from home and you miss it.

 Upset :Worried and unhappy.

 Embarrassed :Feeling uncomfortable or shy because of something silly

you have done, because people are looking at you.

 guilty :Having an unpleasant feeling because you have done sth

bad.

 Petrified :Very frightened.

 Fed up : Bored.
 Choose :
1- I am................ because I lost my expensive watch.
(jealous – fed up – upset – guilty)
2- The ……… child clung to her mother when she saw the gorilla.
(furious – guilty – relived – prettified)
3- I waited an hour to see the doctor yesterday I was………
(confused – delighted – fed up – relived)
4- My brother got a TV for his birthday. I was………
(jealous – guilty – petrified – embarrassed)
5- I felt .... because I shouted at my sister and made her cry.
(entertained – guilty – relived – furious)
6- I went to France on my own. I really missed my friends back home. I am………………
(homesick – pleased – delighted – embarrassed)
Write the synonyms :
1- Very angry = ………………..
2- Sad and disappointed = ……………………..
3- Very frightened = …………………….
4- Extremely happy = ……………….
5- Annoyed = ……………………..
6- Bored = ……………………

Past simple tense

Form : Regular
Love  loved Ask  asked Cry  cried
Irregular _ Go - went see - saw
Negative : I didn’t play football.
Question: Did + sub + infinitive....... ?

-Did we play football ?

The time expressions used with the past simple :
Yesterday –– How long ago........... ?- last –ago
 The past continuous tense

Form :
Was / were + verb + ing

Negative : Was / were + not + verb + ing

Time expressions used with the past continuous

While – when – as – all morning / evening / day / week

While – As – Just as

While + past continuous  past simple

 While I was making cake , the phone rang.

While + past continuous  past continuous

 While we were playing , dad was watching T.V

when
When + past simple  past continous .

 When the bus stopped , I was reading a newspaper.

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form :
1- While I (put) ……...….. the children to bed, the phone (ring)……........…
2- I (play)......................... squash with peter last Friday.
3- My father (sell) ................his old car last week to buy a new one.
4- While steve (shop) ………, Sandra (prepare) .................... dinner.
5- Eve (deliver) ……....…. newspaper when her dad (leave) ................... for work.
6- He (still/ live) ..................... at home with his parents this time last year.
7- I (do ) ...................... my homework at 5 o'clock yesterday.
Choose the correct answer :
1- The sun .................. and people were swimming in the lake.

(shone – shine – was shining- were shining)

2- When we ..................... to the airport , we saw the accident.

(drive – drove – were driving – driving)

3- While the boys were playing football, they ............... a window.

(broke – breaks – break – were breaking)

4- Last Monday , Adam ................. his leg.

(break – was breaking – broke – breaks)

5- Nadia was sitting alone when her friend Samira................. her.

(visiting – visits – visited – is visiting)

6- I walked up to the shop, paid and ............. the shop.

(leave – will leave – have left – left)

7-When it …...heavily, they were playing football

(rains – rain – rained – was raining)

8-While my uncle ……….., a policeman stopped him.
(was driving – were driving – drive – drove)

9-When Manal...................back home, her son was doing his homework.

(come – came – was coming – were coming)

10-I was doing my homework when the phone……………..
(ring – rings – rang – was ringing )
 The Past Perfect Tense

Usage
For an action which happened before another past action or before a stated time in the past.
- We had finished dinner by the time they arrived.
Form :
Had + p.p

Negative : Hadn't + p.p

Time expressions used with the past perfect :

before , after , as soon as , because , until , by the time.

After
After + past perfect  past simple.
- After he had watched the film, he went to bed.

Before – By the time

Before/ By the time+ past simple  past perfect

- Before he traveled to London, he had booked the flight.

Choose the correct answer :
1- After he ............... his homework , he went out for a walk.
(had done – did – does – has done)
2- Before going to school, he .............. his breakfast.
(had – has had – had had – will have)
3- After she ............... the dishes, she phoned her cousin.
(had washed – washed – can wash – will wash)
4- Before they .................. to the circus, they had done their housework.
(go – gone – went – had gone)
5- After he had sold his old car, he .................. a new one.
(buy – bought – buys – buying)
6- Amy didn't answer because she ................. the question.
(isn't hearing – doesn't hear – hadn't heard)
7- I had a headache because I. ..........since the day before.
(wasn't eating – hadn't eaten – isn't eating - didn’t eat)

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 Re-write :
1- Jean phoned Mary yesterday. (not)
.....................................................................................................................................
2- I did my homework yesterday. (at 6 o'clock yesterday)
..............................................................................................................
3- Rami entered the room to see me reading a book. (while)
.................................................................................................................
4- While my uncle was driving , a policeman stopped him. (when)
.............................................................................................................
5- Rami was running quickly when he fell down (while )
...................................................................................................................
6- First Hani did some exercise then he took part in the race. (after)
..............................................................................................................................
7- After they had watered the garden , they watched T.V. (before)
..............................................................................................................................
8- The thieves had robbed my car. I latter arrived. (By the time)
................................................................................................................................
9- They had done their housework before going to the circus. (before they ..... )
...............................................................................................................................
10- I went to sleep. I was working all day. (because)
.............................................................................................................................

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 Imagine you live in a flat and you are going away for the weekend. Write a note to your flat mate in which
you :

 Tell him or her where you have gone.

 Remind him or her to do something
 Ask him or her to buy some food.
 Ask him or her to buy some drink.
 Wish him or her a good weekend.
 Say when you will be at home.

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 Unit Three
Nine To Five

 Visor : is worn by firefighter to protect their eyes.

 Put off : To make somebody not want to do something.
 Flexible : Can be changed.
 Trust : To believe that somebody is honest.
 Tough : Physically difficult.
 Residents : People who live in a place.
 Gradually : Slowly.
 Instinctively : Naturally without thinking.
 Skills : Qualities and experience.
 Put out : To extinguish , to stop something burning.
 Emphasis : Special importance .
 Requirements : Things that you must do or need to have .
 Commitment : Promise or agreement.
 In charge of : Responsible for .
 Excel : To be very good at doing something.
 Promotion : A move to a more important job.

Choose the correct answer :

1- Firefighters wear a ........... to protect their eyes
(sunglasses – mask – visor – helmet)
2- The accident…………………driving for a long time
(put me off – put me out – call me off – told me off)
3- Teachers aren't usually……………about when students hand in their homework.
(trust – flexible – resident – skill)
4- After the war life ........... got back to the normal
(instinctively – tough – gradually – charge)

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 5- Working as a firefighter is a............. job.
(flexible – tough – excel – promoted)
6-You should put a greater...... on quality rather than quantity when you write.
(commitment – requirement – emphasis – difficulty)
7-The new job is a.......... to her.
(emphasis – promotion – commitment – skills)
8-The local …… are angry about the plans to build a new bridge in the area.
(residents – children – cameras – emphasis)
9-Who's in ............ of the office when Helen's away ?
(character – chapter – charge – chart)
10-Anne ............ at sports.
(except – excels – exceeds – excess)
11-I sent an ........... for the job in the bank.
(approval – appreciation – application – approach)
12-It takes great............. to make such beautiful jewellery.
(side – sight – skill – sign)
13-When the stone came towards him, he.......... protected his face.
(gradually – instinctively – regularly – hopefully)
14-The job ........ include three years' experience and a working knowledge of computers.
(promotion – commitment – requirement – residents)
Complete from the list :

Instinctively – gradually – flexible – skills – charge – promotion

– commitment – emphasis.
1- Helen works fewer hours because of family …….........……..
2- John is hoping to get a..................... to head of department
3- She's in .................... of interviewing job applicants
4- The police officer… ........... stopped to help when she saw the cyclist fall off his bicycle.
5- My working hours are very ..................... , so I can start and finish when I want.
6- The weather .............................. improved.
7- There's a lot of ........................ on science at our school.
8- The job requires computer…………........…..

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 Write the synonyms :

1- Extinguish =……….........…… 2- does really well=………................

3- Move to a better job=.........……… 4- Importance = ……….............….

- 5- Changeable = …………....…… 6- Necessary qualifications = ……....…
-
7- Without thinking = ……....….. 8- People that live there=…................…
-
- 9- an agreement =………...….. 10- abilities =......................................

- Some transitive phrasal verbs are separable, which means there are two
possible positions for the object.
 The firefighters put out the fire immediately .
 The firefighters put the fire out immediately .
- However, when the object is a pronoun, it always goes between the two parts of the phrasal verbs.
 The firefighters put it out immediately

Separable ph. Verbs Meanings

Take off Remove
Tell off Speak angrily to
Make up Invent
Give out Distribute
Call off Cancel
Pick up Collect
Look up Find in a reference book
Turn down Reject

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 Choose the correct answer :
1- Jack's mother told him............... for breaking the window.
(up – out – off – down)
2- They call the race… ......... because of the weather.
(down – off – out – in)
3- I took ....... my coat as soon I arrived.
(off – on – in – down)
4- My aunt picks us.......... from school everyday.
(off – down – up – in)
5- Alen made............... a lie so that her parents wouldn't be angry.
(off – down – on – up)
6- My brother turned the job.............. because the salary was too low.
(off – up – down – in)
7- The shop assistant looked ... …………..the price in the catalogue.
(in – down – off – up)
8- The teacher gave the books .......... before setting the homework.
(off – out – in – on)
9- They ................ off the match because of the fog.
(picked – called – looked – turned)
10- You have to ......... off your shoes before you can go in.
(make – take – tell – look)
11- She.............. off her son for making so much noise.
(called – told – took – made)
12- Our teacher ........ out the exam results on the last day of the term.
(told – made – gave – picked)
13- My father........... up my aunt from the station.
(told – picked – gave – took)
14- I .............. up the address on the internet.
(looked – cooked – booked – called)
15- He .............. down our invitation because he was ill.
(turned – looked – gave – made)

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 Jobs :
Solicitor : a lawyer whose job is to give legal advice , prepare
legal documents.
Barrister : a lawyer who is trained to speak for you in higher courts.
Coal miner : A person whose job is to work in a mine to get coal, salt …………
Civil servant : A person who works in civil service.
Correspondent : A person who provides news or writes articles for a newspaper,
especially from a foreign country .
Brainstorm (v.) : To solve a problem by thinking as many ideals as possible in a short
time.
Chair (v.) : To be the chairman or Chairwoman of a meeting.
Draw up (v.) : To prepare and write a document.
Liaise (v.) : To work closely with a person or group and give them regular
information about what you are doing.

Activities at work:
- brainstorm ideas - chair meetings

- deal with customers - draw up contracts

- keep up with new technology

- liaise with a team - meet deadlines
- operate machinery - report on sales

- upload data - work on an assembly line.

Choose the correct answer :

1- Our Middle East ............... is Andy Jenkins.

(distributor – correspondent – editor – coal miner)
2- Only four years after starting her career in journalism, she was promoted to an ………….
(barrister – promotion – editor – surgeon)
3- It's cheaper to buy the products direct from the.............than to buy them from the shopkeeper.
(wholesaler – editor – carpenters- councilor)
4- His job as a ............... meant that he spent long hours away from home on the road.
(wholesaler – carpenter – lorry driver – surgeon)
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 5- A ..................... serves drinks on a plane.
(solicitor – correspondent – flight attendant- doctor)
6- ......................... draw up contracts.
(Doctors – Teacher – Solicitors – Editors)
7- My job is very ...................... it causes worry and pressure.
(menial – skilled – stressful – monotonous)
8- When I get a smile from one of the children, it’s worth for more than a high salary. It’s a…………..job.
(menial – rewarding – monotonous – skilled)
9- He worked in local government as a ...... servant until his retirement.
(coal – civil – council – city)
10- A coal ..................... has one of the dirtiest jobs.
(mine – miner – civil – charge)
11- My job forces me to do a lot of effort. It has stretched me at times. My job is so…………
(challenging – rewarding – stressful – menial)
12 .............. job is done by people who have been trained.
(Boring – Skilled – Menial – Monotonous)

Complete with a suitable word :

1- Newspaper editor …………….. meetings and ................. ideas.
2- I ............. with the team to plan the project.
3- Our firm deals with .................all over the world.
4- We'll spend five minutes brainstorming .................. on how we can raise money.
5- Solicitor… ................... contracts.
6- When ............ meetings, it is necessary to give everyone a chance to air their view.
7- It is essential to observe health and safety guidelines if your job involves operating……………
8- A specialist keeps up with new …............. and .......... data.
9- Sales and marketing manager reports on …………….
10- Factory worker works on an .............. line

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 Defining relative clauses
- Defining relative clauses come immediately after a noun and give vital information about that noun.
* He's the doctor who helped my grandmother.
- They can go in the middle or at the end of sentences
* The man who told me about this place was old.
* I met the young woman who cuts your hair.
Defining relative pronouns are:
Defining relative pronouns
Who (that) People
Which (that) Things
Where Places
Whose Possessions

We can omit the relative pronouns when they replace the object. It's possible to omit who or which
* She's the girl who I saw on the bus.
OR * She's the girl I saw on the bus.
- We often use "that" instead of who or which :
*Here's the book that you wanted.
*Did you see the person that helped
Mary? Non- Defining relative clauses:
- Non – defining relative clauses come immediately after a noun and give extra information
about that noun.
*Harrods, which is in knights in London, is a famous department store.
*Robert Louis Stevenson, who was born in Edinburgh in 1850, wrote Treasure Island.

- We can't replace " who " or "which" with that

Non- Defining relative pronouns

Who People
Which Things
Where Places
Whose Possessions

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 Choose the correct answer :
1- Unskilled work is work ................ requires no training.
(who – which – where – whose)
2- That's the woman .............is in charge of paying the salaries.
(who – which – where – whose)
3- He's the man ........... interviewed me for the job.
(who – which – where – whose)
4- That's the hospital… .......... my sister works.
(who – which – where – whose)
5- That's the bank ............... my brother works.
(who- which – where – whose)
6- Gina is the pianist ............. accompanies the show.
(who – which – where – whose)
7- They're the neighbors… .............car was stolen.
(who – which – where – whose)
8- A laboratory is .................... scientists work.
(who – which – where – whose)
9- Flip flops are shoes ................... you wear on the beach.
(who – which – where – whose)
10- A successful writer is a person ................ books are published.
(who – which – where – whose)
11- Nelson Mandela...........was released from prison in 1999. became the first black south African
president.
(who – which – where – whose)
12- Berlin,… ............ used to be divided into two parts, is now the capital of Germany.
(who – which – where – whose)
13- Julius Caesar,............. was Emperor of Rome until 44 BC, was killed by a former friend.
(who – which – where – whose)
14- The island of Menorca, .............. we usually go on holidays, is in the Mediterranean.
(who – which – where – whose)
15- Khaled Hosseini, ................books include "The kite Runner" was born in Afghanistan.
(who – which – where – whose)
16- RFID tags .................. can be read at a distance; will be used by all supermarkets in the future.
(who – which – where – whose)

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Re- Write the following sentences using the words between brackets :
1- A salary is the money. You earn in your job. (which)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2- She's the receptionist. She answers my call. (who)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
3- He's the shop assistant. He served me. (who)
………………………………………………………………………………………
4- That's the woman. Her daughter is in my class. (whose)
………………………………………………………………………………………
5- A laboratory is a place. Scientists do experiments. (where)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
6- A surgeon is a doctor. He performs operations. (who)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
7- Picasso was born in Malaga. His paintings include Guernica. (whose)
…………………………………………………………………………………………

8- Mozart is one of the most popular classical composers. He died in poverty. (who)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
9- Charles Dickens is a nineteenth Century English novelist. His novels include David Copperfield.
(whose)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10- The River Nile is the longest river in the world. It flows into the Mediterranean sea.( which)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
11- Neil Armstrong is now retired. He was the first man to land on the moon.(who)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
12- He is a skilled worker. He has special qualification. (who)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
13- An orphan is a child. His parents died. (whose)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
14- The instructor will give up the exam papers in an hour. (Underline the mistake and correct it)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………
15- John is ............. at physics and gets excellent marks.( complete using a suitable word)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
16- That's the waiter ……....................……….( complete using a defining clause)
…………………………………………………………………………………………

17- Marian speaks fluent French. Her dad comes from France.
(Join the two sentence using a non defining clause)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
18- Can you show me the office building…………………..Jill works? I want to go and see her .
(use a relative pronoun to complete the sentences)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
19- The house .................... was very far from the beach.
(complete the sentence by using relative clause)
20- I used to work at a big department store but it has closed down.
The department………………………………………………….......... has closed down.
(use : where)
Write a formal letter of (120- 150 ) words applying for a job. Follow the writing plan below:-

Paragraph 1
Mention the job you are applying for and where you saw the advert.

Paragraph 2
Talking about why you are right for the job? Mention personal interests, and relevant experiences
and responsibilities.

Paragraph 3
List your personal qualities and offer to send references.

Paragraph 4
Say you would like to come for an interview and when you could start.
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 Unit 4
Body and Mind
 knowledge : An understanding of something through learning.
 inspired : Made somebody want to do something.
 Stumble : To hit your foot against something and almost fall over.
 maneuver (v) : To move around carefully.
 maneuver (n) : A movement requiring skills and care.
 visualize : to have a picture of something in your mind
 essentially : considering the most important fact.
 achievement : something you have done successfully through
working hard.
 catapulted : threw forcefully.
 apply : to make practical use of something
 dull : not interesting or exciting.
 associate : to make a connection with something
 pantry : A large kitchen cupboard.
 benefit : To have a good effect.
 sundial :A type of clock that uses the shadow from a piece of
metal to tell the time
Choose the correct answer:
1- The driver was .................... his lorry into a narrow gateway.
(memorizing – maneuvering - visualizing – achieving)
2- My greatest .............. was passing my finals when I was at university.
(knowledge – achievement – benefit – inspired)
3- I don't ………… your brother with sport. When did he start playing football?
(associate – dull - memorize – pantry )
4- Everyone will ..................... from the cut in the price of petrol.
(visualize – benefit – inspired – associate)
5- The principal's speech ......................us to study harder.
(inspired – benefit – catapulted – sundial)
6- The player was ...................... to fame when he beat the current champion in the final.
(benefit – catapulted – memorize – apply)
7- When Andy's bike hit a stone , he was ..................... on the road.
(stumbled – catapulted- associated – sundial)
8- In the past , people used a....................... to tell the time
(clock – alarm – sundial – pantry)
9- There's a ..................... in our kitchen, where we keep food that doesn't need to go in the fridge.
(cook – pantry – memory – knowledge)
10- It was dark last night, so I didn't see my brother's bike and I..................... over it.
(catapulted – stumbled – inspired – visualize)
11- My .................... of world geography is limited.
(achievement – knowledge – memory – benefit)
12- It's hard to .............................. what this place looked like before the factory was built.
(visualize – visor – vital – visit)
13 ..................... the key to success in hard work!
(Gradually – Essentially – Achieve – Instinctively)
14- Some people think that life will become very ................. when they retire.
(interesting – comfortable – happy – dull)
15-The rules ........... …………………to secondary school as well as primary.
(visualize – apply – memorize – dull)
Complete from the list :

dull – knowledge – achievement – benefit – inspired – associate –

catapulted.

1- The new tax laws will…………………….people on low wages.

2- I always ...................... the smell of the sea with my childhood.

3- Miss potter's lesson are always so……..........…….
4- Your general .......................... Is really good. Why don't you go on a quiz show on T.V?
5- When the car crashed, the driver was ........................ through the windscreen.
6- Nelson Mandela's autobiography .................... her to go into politics.
7- She felt that winning the gold medal was her greatest….........……….
 Noun Adj. Verb
Activity Active Activate
Alien - Alienate
Difference Different Differentiate
- Clear Clarify
Example - Exemplify
- Simple Simplify
Public - Publicize
- Visual Visualize
Memory - Memorize
Complete the gaps with the correct word derived from the word in bold:
1- We weren't sure of the rules, so we asked the teacher to ............. ………..them.
(clear)
2- They don't want anyone to know about their successful deal, so they aren't going to.............. …….it.
(public)
3- The only way to learn Latin grammar rules is to ................. them.
(memory)
4- When they saw the man coming towards them, they decided to ………. the alarm.
(active)
5- It's hard to ............. what this area looked like before the town was built.
(visual)
6- The twins are so similar that it's impossible to ............. one from the other.
(different)
7- We tried to ............. the document so that everybody would understand it.
(simple)
8- My brother's attitude .............the way boys think in my country nowadays.
(example)
9- Last year the government's immigration policy................ a lot of its supporters.
(alien)
Compound adjectives :
A compound adjective is a single adjective made up of two or more words. These words are linked
together with a hyphen to show that they are part of the same adjective.
Right – handed : A person who writes with their right hand.
Cold – blooded : Someone who is very cruel.
Thick – skinned : A person who doesn't worry about what people say about them.
Narrow – minded : Someone who won't accept new ideas.
Fair – haired : A person with light colored hair.
Level – headed : Someone who is clam and sensible
Kind – hearted : A person who is very friendly and has sympathetic nature .
Short – sighted : Someone who can only see things which are very near.

Choose the correct answer :

1- My grandmother wears thick glasses because she's extremely short …………….................…
(hearted – headed – sighted – blooded )
2- Anne wouldn't listen to my argument because she's so………
(fair-haired – narrow-minded – thick-skinned – short-sighted)
3- Rob is very thick ............ so he takes no notice if other children insult him.
(sighted – skinned – headed – haired)
4- My sister is very ........... , so she usually makes sensible decisions.
(narrow-minded – level-headed – kind-hearted – cold-blooded)
5- My aunt spends most of her time helping other people she's very ……….........…..
(fair-haired – kind-hearted – short-sighted – thick-skinned)
6- Our class tutor never seems to take offence. He's quite… ......skinned.
(thin – thick – cold – short )
7- The murder expressed no guilt about his crimes he was quite………………………….
(cold-blooded – fair-haired – short-sighted – right-handed)
8- His brothers and sisters have dark hair, but he's blond. He's ………
(narrow-minded – fair-haired – short-sighted – thick- skinned)
Put your foot in it : To say or do something that makes somebody
embarrassed or upset.
Get cold feet :To become afraid to do something.
Keep an eye on something / : To make sure that 5h or someone is safe.
someone
Split hairs :To argue about unimportant details.
Bite someone's head off :To reply in a very angry way.

Get something of your chest :To talk about something that you've been worrying about.
Poke you nose into something :To try to become involved in something that doesn't
concern you.
Pull someone's leg :To play a joke on someone by making them believe
something that isn't true.
Twist someone's arm :To persuade someone to do something.
Play it by ear :To decide what to do as things happen , instead of
planning in advance.

Complete with a suitable idiom :

1- He keeps interfering in things that are none of his business. I wished he'd stop
……..................................… into my affairs.
2- Whether she went to Jane's or Frank's party is splitting .................................... the fact is that
she lied about staying in to do her homework.
3- It's better to get something…………............................ than to keep worrying about it in
private.
4- He said he didn't want to contribute to our campaign, but I'm hoping that I
can………............................................……
5- Nobody seems to know what's happening about the plans for tonight so, I think we'll have to
play it……...................................……..
6- Could you ..................................... on my bag while I get a coffee?
7- I really put.............................................. in it when I asked her about her party . I didn't know
it was a surprised
8- Dont' worry , she isn't being serious. She's only….................……..

9- Ok. I’m sorry. There’s no need to bite………………………………

10- They were really keen at first but I think they're getting…………...................................…….
 Past simple Past perfect simple
Usage : Usage:
- To talk about completed events in the - For an action which started in the past and continues
past : up to the present,
* I visited my aunt last week. especially with stative verbs such as like , have,
know
* I have known Dave for years.
- For actions that happened immediately - For experiences in the past (when the exact time is
after one another in the past. not important)

* He left the house, walked to the station * My brother has met Mido.
and caught the5 : 05 train to Wareham. - Events that are connecter with the present.

*I’ve lost my watch .Have you seen it?

*Jane has already done her homework. Here it is.

The present perfect simple

Form :
Have / has + p.p
Negative :

Have / has + not +

Question :

Have / has + sub + p.p ……?

Time expressions used with the present perfect:

 For + a period of time

 Since + a point in time

 Just / already / yet / ever /never / lately / recently / so far never

Examples :
1- I have just mended the broken chairs.
2- He has traveled to London since 2000.
3- He has traveled to London for fifteen years.
4- I have visited three natural history museums so far.

Complete the sentences with the past simple or present perfect simple of the verbs in
brackets:
1- Lily and Tom (move )............................ house a year ago.
2- We (know) ..................... each other since we were children.
3- So far I (not fail) ......................... any of my exams.
4- My little sister (be born)...................... n 1999.
5- Grace (break) ......................her leg last week.
6- They (not go) ................... to school yesterday.
7- …………… you ............ (finish) your homework yet?
8- Ryan had dinner and then he (go)............. to bed.
9- Sarah (work) .................. there for a couple of years.
Choose the correct answer :
1- I ................. to a formula one race three times.
(have been – am – has been – went)
2- Helen's so tired because she ............. to the concert last night.
(went – gone – go – goes )
3- Mike .............his wallet, so he didn't have any money.
(lose – loses – lost – has lost)
4- Brad's dog is very old. He............ Rex for thirteen years
(has – had – has had – have)
5- Tom was upset because he ............ his mobile phone.
(lose – lost – has lost – loses)
6- I ...................... a pet dog when I was little.
(have – has – had – have had)
7- Lind's in the hospital because she...................... her arm.
(break - broke – has broken – have broken)
8- Jack ......................his leg while he was playing football.
(break – broke – has broken – have broken)
Re-write the following sentences :

1-This is the third time we've travelled to New York. (so far)
…………………………………………………………………………………
2-The last time Helen took a train was in 2004. (since)
…………………………………………………………………………………
3-The last time you saw Susan was in 2001. (haven't)
…………………………………………………………………………………
4-The last time Matt played football was six months ago. (for)
…………………………………………………………………………………
5-The last time Sandra was ill in March. (since)
…………………………………………………………………………………
6-They won the prize in 2005, 2008 and 2010. (three times)
…………………………………………………………………………………
7-Tina met her best friend ten years ago. (for ten years)
…………………………………………………………………………………
8-The last time I traveled to U.S. A was in 2000. (for)
…………………………………………………………………………………
9-Claire hasn’t visited London for 2 years. (ago)
……………………………………………………………………………

The present perfect continuous

Usage :
To put emphasis on the duration of an action which started in the past and continues up to the
present.
* The boys have been playing football for hours.

- For an action with the result visible in the present.

* ken is very tired. He has been working hard all week.

From :

Have / has been + verb + ing

Time expressions used with the present perfect continuous :

for / since / how long / lately / recently / all morning / day / year.
 Present perfect simple Present perfect continuous
- we only use the present perfect
- we use the present perfect simple with
continuous with actions which happen over
finished and complete actions. a period of time.
- We've been living in London for 12 years.
- They've lived Dubai
(They aren't there now) (we're still there now)
- How often have you worn that suit? - How long has she been sleeping?
- How many English lessons have you
had?

Choose the correct answer :

1- I… .................. done my homework.
(already have – just have – have already – already)
2- Ahmed has mended the car ....................... 5 o'clock.
(for – ago – since – yet)
3- They ........................ any goals yet.
(haven't scored – have scored – can score – will score)
4- Rami .......................... his pet dog since October
(had – will have – has had – is having)
5- My father .................... some professional success. He's now well established in his field.
(have had – had – will have – can have)
6- We .......................Arabic all day long.
(studied – can study – could study – have been studying)
7- They ........................ tennis for two hours.
(have been – playing – played – would play – could play)
8- He ................ the garden all morning. He hasn't finished watering it yet.
(has been watering – watered – will water – can water)
9- Mona has been.....................her homework.
(do – done – does – doing)
10- I ......................my room, but there's still a lot to do.
(have been tidying – tidy – can tidy – will tidy)
Put the verbs in brackets into present perfect simple or continuous:
1- I (play) ........................... tennis all morning and I'm exhausted.
2- Please, drive me carefully to work. It (snow)… .............. and the roads are slippery.
3- Clare (read) ......................... that book four times.
4- I (read) ............................ the latest Harry Potter book all day. I'm dying to know what happens at
the end !
5- Margaret (never run).......................... in the London marathon before.
6- Larry is red in the face because he (run)……………………..………
7- Sarah needs a plaster because she (cut)… ........................... her hand.
8- Dad’s crying because he (cut)… ............................onions.
9- I (sunbathe)…........................... all morning and now I‟m bright red.
10- I (never understand) ......................why you‟re helping Tom.
11- The ground is wet because it (rain)………………
12- Where’s your homework? Don’t tell me you (not do)….................. it.
Re-write the following sentences using the words between brackets:
1- It’s six years since I started learning English. (for)
………………………………………………………………………………………
2- It’s snowing. It started snowing three hours. (has)
……………………………………………………………………………………
3- Bill and Richard started taking karate lessons on March. (have)
……………………………………………………………………………………
4- Tina started going on holiday to Europe five years ago. (has)
……………………………………………………………………………………
5- I started learning Arabic five years ago. (for)
……………………………………………………………………………………
6- He started playing tennis two hours ago. It was 5 p.m. (since)
……………………………………………………………………………………
7- My dad started writing letters at 8 a.m and it’s now 4 p.m. (for)
……………………………………………………………………………………
8- When did you start running marathons? (How long)
……………………………………………………………………………………
9- The last time Sandra was ill was in March. (since)
……………………………………………………………………………………
10- Tony bought his laptop in 2009. (since)
…………………………………………………………………………………
Write a letter of (120- 150) words to a friend who has moved away from your town, follow the plan
below:-

Paragraph 1
Start with an appropriate phrase.
Apologize for not writing sooner.

Paragraph 2
Give news about yourself.

Paragraph 3
Give news about friends and family.

Paragraph 4
Ask questions about your friend,
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 Poetry is a beautiful use of a language to express feelings

e.g.
I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high over vales and hills
Poetry
When all at once I saw a crowd

A host of golden daffodils

While I was walking alone without an aim

like a cloud, that flies high over valleys Now day’s

English
and hills suddenly I saw a great number
a group of the yellow flowers which are daffodils.

You can clearly see that the first lines are more beautiful. You can also feel a kind of

music in these lines

Some important definitions to help you while studying poetry

 Poet: He is the person who writes poetry.

 Poem (verse): The lines written by the poet to express his ideas.

 Stanza: It is a group of lines in the poems having the same idea. Some poems are divided

into stanzas but some are not.

 ."I am busy," said the sea(a)
"I am bust, think of me. (a)
Making continents to be (a)
"I am busy," said the sea. (a)

"I am busy," said the rain.(b)

"When I fall it's not in vain. (b)
Wait and you will see the grain. (b)
"I am busy," said the rain. (b)

 Rhyme scheme:
It is the same sounds given at the endings of the lines. We show that they rhyme by giving themthe

same symbols (Look at the above stanzas).

 Figures of speech:
They are beautiful images which the poet uses to express his ideas clearly, more effectively and
more beautifully as:
1- Simile:
The poet likens persons or things to another things using as / like:
- (I wandered lonely as a cloud) the poet likens himself to a cloud.

- (The moon like a flower) the poet likens the moon to a flower.
2- Personification:
The poet gives something qualities of people;
- (I am busy,‖ said the sea.) The poet gives the sea the image of person who can talk.
3-Metaphor:
The poet gives something the image of something else:
- (Tiger! Tiger! Burning bright) the poet gives the tiger the image of fire.
 4- Contrast:
The poet uses words and opposites to make the meaning
clear.(“1 am busy,” said the air.
Contrast
Blowing here and blowing there,
Here x there
Up and down and everywhere.)
Up x down
5-Alliteration:
Repeating the same consonant at the beginning of different words on the same line to
givemusic which appeals our sense of hearing;
(―I am busy‖ said the sea.)
(Great, wide, beautiful, wonderful world)

6-Repetition: The repetition of words or lines in a poem. It emphasizes the meaning

Blow, blow thou winter wind

7-Assonance: The repetition of vowel sounds,(free as a breeze) (High as a kite)

The combination of assonance and consonance is called Rhyme.

8-Consonance: The repetition of final consonant sounds, as in "first and last," "odds and
ends," "short and sweet," "a stroke of luck.


Symbolism:
using one object to suggest another meaning: A window might symbolize freedom, release, or
opportunity.

10-Theme:
The dominant unifying idea in a poem. Themes are lessons or morals that an author
wants the reader to learn from a story. This is not different in poetry. Poets often have
messages they want to communicate to readers.
Some kinds of poems:
1-Ballad: A short narrative poem with stanzas of two or four lines and possibly a
refrain that most frequently deals with folklore or popular legends and is suitable for
singing.

2-Blank Verse: Blank verse is poetry that has no set stanzas or line length. It is a
common form of poetry seen often in Shakespeare, Milton, Yeats, Auden, Stevens,
and Frost.

3-Elegy: it usually formal and about the death of a particular person. Elegies can also
mourn the passing of events or passions.

4-Epic: The epic is a long narrative poem that usually unfolds a history or mythology
of a nation or race. The epic details the adventures and deeds of a hero and, in so
doing, tells the story of a nation. Epic poetry is the oldest form of poetry.

5-Epistle: Poems written in the form of a letter.

6-Ode: Often written in praise of a person, an object, or an event, odes tend to be

longer in form and generally, serious in nature.

7-Sonnet: One of the most popular forms, it focuses on love. They are 14 lines .The
first eight lines of the poem demonstrate the problem and the final six lines resolve it.
William Brightly Rands was born in England. The sun of
poor parents between the age often and thirteen he
went to school on and off but he mainly educated
himself. His father was a candle maker and later sold
china and glass. His mother made some money for the
household by clipping wicks.

He was a very smart child. He began reading at the age

of two. Before he started school, he could read in Latin
and Greek. He wrote many poems, books, and articles.
But today they are not very well known.
Some say that this is because he used perhaps thirty
different names when he wrote.

His best known poems such as the peddler's caravan

and Great , wide , beautiful, wonderful world are still
read by people in many different countries. He felt a
strong love for nature, and his poems express this love,
along with a musical approach to words.
Great : excellent

Wide : large

Wonderful : fantastic

Round : around

Curled : wrapped around

Upon : on

Breast : chest

Drest : dressed

In this stanza the poet talks about the world, the world is large great and beautiful,
comparing to a person. The poet says that the world wraps itself in beautiful grass and
big oceans like a person grass dressed in beautiful clothes the green grass covers the
world's chest as clothes cover humans,
(A ) Alliteration

Line 1 Great, wide, beautiful, wonderful World

Line 2 With the wonderful water round you curled

 The (w) sound is repeated several times in these two lines .

(B ) Personification

Line 3 And the wonderful grass upon your breast

Line 4 World, you are beautifully drest

 The world is dressed in grass and oceans like a human dressed in clothes. It also
has a chest like a human being .

(C ) assonance

Line 1 Great, wide, beautiful, wonderful World

 The vowel sound (o )is repeated in wonderful and world.

(D ) Repetition
Line 1 Great, wide, beautiful, wonderful World
Line 2 With the wonderful water round you curled
Line 3 And the wonderful grass upon your breast

 The word (wonderful) is repeated three times.

( aabb)

Great, wide, beautiful, wonderful World,

With the wonderful water around you curled,
And the wonderful grass on your breast,
World, you are beautifully drest.

1. How does the poet describe the clothes of the world?

...................................................................................................................................
2. What is the rhyme scheme for the above stanza?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Paraphrase the above lines.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Pick out two different literary terms.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Shaking : moving from side to side

Whirls : moves in circles - spins
Mill: small device used for grinding something

Hill : low mountain

In this stanza the poet thinks the natural world is large and beautiful. He is impressed by the wind
which makes the trees shake, causes waves, and moved the mills to grind the grain, and when the
wind blows up
on the top of the hills, it makes a noise as if it is talking to itself.

(A ) Alliteration

Line 3 It walks on the water, and whirls the mills

 The (w) sound is repeated in the words (walks -water -whirls) .

Line 4 And talks to itself on the tops of the hills

 The (t) sound is repeated in the words (talks -to -tops) .

(B ) Personification

Line 3 It walks on the water, and whirls the mills

Line 4 And talks to itself on the tops of the hills

 The wind walks and talks as if it is a human.

(C ) assonance

Line 3 It walks on the water, and whirls the mills

 The vowel sound (i )is repeated in (whirls and mills).

 The vowel sound (a )is repeated in (walks and water).

( ccdd)

The wonderful air is over me,

And the wonderful wind is shaking the tree
It walks on the water, and whirls the mills,
And talks to itself on the top of the hills.

1. How does the poet describe the wind?

...................................................................................................................................
2. What is the rhyme scheme for the above stanza?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Paraphrase the above lines.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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4. Pick out two different literary terms.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Wheat - fields : where wheat is grown.

Nod : to move one's head up and down , often when a person is near to sleep or expressing yes.

Flow : to move in a stream - move steadily and smoothly

Cliff : a high area of rock with a very sleep side

 Isles : islands

Mile: a measure of distance , equal to slightly more than one and half kilometere

In this stanza the poet asks the Earth about the size and shape, wondering how big it is
, the Earth is so big that contains vast areas of fields used to grow crops . As well as a
lot of flowing rivers. In addition to islands and mountains that are made by nature, earth
contains a lot of gardens and cities that are made by men. Also there are a very large
number of people live on wide areas on huge Earth.

(A ) Alliteration

Line 2 With the wheat-fields that nod and the rivers that flow

 The (w) sound is repeated in the words (with -wheat) .

(B ) Personification

Line 1 You friendly Earth! how far do you go.

Line 2 With the wheat-fields that nod and the rivers that flow.
 The Earth is friendly like a human.
 The wheat is life- like. The wheat plants nod in the fields like a human would move his or her head
up and down.

(C ) Repetition
Line 2 With the wheat-fields that nod and the rivers that flow
Line 3 With cities and gardens, and cliffs, and isles

 The word (with) is repeated at the beginning of these two lines .

(D) Consonance

Line 3 With cities and gardens, and cliffs, and isles

The consonance sound s is repeated at the end of cities, gardens ,cliffs ,and isles.

( eeff)

You friendly Earth! How far do you go?

With the wheat-fields that nod and the rivers that flow,
With cities and gardens, and cliffs, and isles,
And people upon you for thousands of miles.

1. How does the poet describe the Earth?

...................................................................................................................................
2. What is the rhyme scheme for the above stanza?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Paraphrase the above lines.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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 4. Pick out two different literary terms.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Tremble: shake with fear or excitement

Prayer: a talk to God

Whisper: to speak very softly

Dot: a small mark

In this stanza the poet compares himself to the world. In comparison to the huge world, the poet
feels very small. The size of the world makes the poet shake with fear and excitement. However,
when he says his prayers, he hears a low voice inside him. The voice tells him that although he is
just a very small object, he is more important than the whole Earth, because he can love and think
but the earth cannot.

(A ) Alliteration

Line 1 Ah, you are so great, and I am so small

 The (s) sound is repeated in the words (so -small) .

 Line 2 I tremble to think of you, World, at all

 The (t) sound is repeated in the words (tremble- to) .

Line 5 You are more than the Earth, though you are such a dot

 The (th) sound is repeated in the words (than- though) .

(B ) Personification

Line 4 A whisper inside me seemed to say

 The inanimate whisper is personified as a person who can speak .

(C ) Repetition
Line 5 You are more than the Earth, though you are such a dot.
Line 6 You can love and think, and the Earth cannot

 The word (you) is repeated three times in these two lines .

(D ) Metaphor

Line 5 You are more than the Earth, though you are such a dot
 The poet compares himself to a dot .

(E ) (contrast)

Line 1 Ah, you are so great, and I am so small

 The poet used two opposites words great and small

Ah, you are so great, and I am so small,

I tremble to think of you, World, at all;
And yet, when I said my prayers to-day,
A whisper inside me seemed to say,
"You are more than the Earth, though you are such a dot
You can love and think, and the Earth cannot
1. who is the dot in the stanza ?
...................................................................................................................................
2. What is the rhyme scheme for the above stanza?
……………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Paraphrase the above lines.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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4. Pick out two different literary terms.
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Answer the following questions by choosing correct option:

1. In the poem above 'beautifully drest' refers to

(a) having gaudy dress
(b) decorated with nature's beauty
(c) wearing costly dresses
(d) wearing cheap but beautiful dresses.

2. The poet calls the world beautifully drest because

(a) it looks beautiful
(b) It has wonderful grass curled around it
(c) it is covered with fine clothes
(d) it is covered with green leaves.

3. The wind in the poem talks to

(a) passersby
(b) trees
(c) clouds
(d) itself

4. The poet calls the earth

(a) unfriendly
(b) friendly
(c) proud
(d) kind.
5. The phrase such a dot means
(a) so small
(b) so fat
(c) so big
(d) so kind

6. In the poem above 'beautifully dressed' refers to

(a) having bright dress
(b) decorated with nature's beauty
(c) wearing costly dresses
(d) wearing cheap but beautiful dresses.

7. The poet calls the world beautifully dressed' because………………

(a) it looks beautiful
(b) It has wonderful grass curled around it
(c) it is covered with fine clothes
(d) it is covered with green leaves.

8. The wind in the poem talks to…………………

(a) passersby
(b) trees
(c) clouds
(d) itself

9. The poet calls the earth………………..

(a) unfriendly
(b) friendly
(c)great
(d) kind.

10. The phrase such a dot means..........................

(a) so small
(b) so fat
(c) so big
(d) so kind

11. The wind is shaking the ................................

(a) mountains
(b) trees
(c) humans
 12. The phrase such a dot means
(a) so small
(b) so fat
(c) so big
(d) so kind

Answer the following questions:

1. Which actions of the wind are described in the poem?
...............................................................................................................................................................
2. What makes the poet tremble?
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3. What is the world wearing?

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4- Why does the poet feel himself to be small as compared to the Earth ?
...............................................................................................................................................................
5- Ah, you are so great, and I am so small,
Who is I and you in the given line?
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
Do you think I is small? Why?
...............................................................................................................................................................
6-why does the poet call the Earth friendly?
...............................................................................................................................................................
7-Who wrote the poem?
...............................................................................................................................................................
8-why does the poet use many adjectives to describe the world ?
...............................................................................................................................................................
9-How does the poet draw a beautiful picture of the world?
..............................................................................................................................................................
10-what the main theme of the poem ?
...............................................................................................................................................................
11-what does the poet hear while praying ?
...............................................................................................................................................................
12-why do you think the man is greater than the Earth ?
...............................................................................................................................................................

State( t ) for true or( f )for false :

1- The poet thinks the Earth with all natural beauty is ugly. ( )
2- People are there on the Earth for hundred miles. ( )
3- The sugar cane fields nod and smile to friendly Earth. ( )
4- The sunlight walks on water. ( )
5- The poet realizes that he is more than the Earth. ( )