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Types of Microphones

A microphone is a device that converts sound waves into electrical signals. There are two main types - dynamic microphones, which are rugged and affordable, and condenser microphones, which capture finer detail but require phantom power. A microphone plugs into a computer's sound card port and allows users to record audio. It enables functions like recording voice files, making phone calls over the computer, and audio/video conferencing. Microphones work by converting analog sound waves to digital signals that computers can process for applications like speech recognition.

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206 views4 pages

Types of Microphones

A microphone is a device that converts sound waves into electrical signals. There are two main types - dynamic microphones, which are rugged and affordable, and condenser microphones, which capture finer detail but require phantom power. A microphone plugs into a computer's sound card port and allows users to record audio. It enables functions like recording voice files, making phone calls over the computer, and audio/video conferencing. Microphones work by converting analog sound waves to digital signals that computers can process for applications like speech recognition.

Uploaded by

Zainab Haseeb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MICROPHONE

Sometimes abbreviated as mic, a microphone is a hardware peripheral


and input device originally invented by Emile Berliner in 1877. A
microphone allows computer users to input audio into their computers.

A microphone is a device that translates sound vibrations in the air


into electronic signals or scribes them to a recording medium.
Microphones enable many types of audio recording devices for
purposes including communications of many kinds, as well as music
and speech recording.

The first electronic microphone was a liquid-based mechanism that


used a diaphragm attached to a current-charged needle in a diluted
sulfuric acid solution. This early microphone was not able to
reproduce intelligible speech.

Where is microphone plugged into a computer?

The microphone is plugged into the back of the desktop computers into the sound card microphone
port and depending on your computer case. On a laptop, the microphone is plugged into microphone
port found on the front or side of the laptop.

TYPES OF MICROPHONES

There are two basic types of microphones that are used:

1. Moving coil microphone cetera also known as dynamic microphone

2. The capacitor microphones which are mostly known as condensers

1. DYNAMIC MICROPHONE:

A dynamic microphone is known for being rugged, affordable and all around useful. They don’t have
the crystal clear full band with operation of condensers for this is actually of a good things such as
when you are recording certain types of Drums guitars or other instruments
 Construction and limitations: Dynamic microphones have relatively simple construction. They
can handle extremely high sound levels: it is almost impossible to overload a dynamic
microphone. Unaffected by extremes of temperature or humidity
 Place of Application: Dynamic Microphone is to be used in a severe environment such as a rock
and roll club or for outdoor sound.
2. CONDENSERS:

Condensers are good for vocals generally somewhat fragile and usually more expensive than
dynamic microphone they are known for their ability to capture find detail condenses required some
current to work this is phantom power which is commonly represented by a button or switch labelled
as + 48V. They have gold plated diaphragm. Condensers come in both small diaphragm and large
diaphragms.

 Construction and Limitations: Condensers have a complex construction. This microphone


produces a small amount of noise; second, there is a limit to the maximum signal level that the
electronics can handle. Condensers may be adversely affected by extremes of temperature and
humidity which can cause them to become noisy or fail temporarily.
 Place of Application: Provide a smoother, more natural sound, particularly at high frequencies.
Condenser microphones are used in controlled environment such as a studios.

FUNCTIONING

A microphone can perform numerous functions. Some of which are following:

1. It is used to record voice and create files on dis

2. If you have microphones and speaker you can use your PC to make telephone calls

3. Microphone makes our PC useful for audio and video conferencing over the internet

How does it perform all these functions? The following points will describe the mechanism of a
microphone:

1. In order to function microphones require a sound card.

2. Sound cards can translate digital sound into analogue sounds. Digital sounds and Analog sounds
are understood by the computer and user respectively.
3. Sound card also translates analog to digital in a noisy environment

4. Good programming of computer is required to recognize certain sounds with human words.

4. While training a lot of reading of passage is required while computer listens and learns how the
speaker pronounces certain words

5. After this phenomenon computer can combine it’s vocabulary into conjunction with the
dictionary. An efficiently designed system can recognize the commands in different accents of same
language with 99% accuracy.

After the input has been provided by the user in the form of Analogue Signal the digitalizing process
takes place.

In digitalizing process, the computer converts sound that is in audio waves into digital codes and
then processes and stores the information

An important operation of microphone involves speech recognition:

1. Speech recognition is the ability of translating voice into text just like

converting handwritten commands into text

2. With this you can dictate to computer instead of typing. You control your computer with simple
commands like open or cancel. This software is helpful for understanding the exact meaning of
homophones example to and two

3. Good microphones filter out background noises so that it can efficiently recognize the voice.

USES OF MICROPHONES

Microphones are utilized in numerous applications, for example, phones, portable amplifiers,

open location frameworks for show lobbies and open occasions, movie creation, live and

recorded sound designing, sound account, two-way radios, bull horns, radio and TV

broadcasting, and in PCs for chronicle voice, discourse acknowledgment, VoIP, and for non-

acoustic purposes, for example, ultrasonic sensors or thump sensors.


CONCLUSION

Thus microphones, is an input device of the computer. The microphones are either built into the

computer or are external devices connected through the usb port or by using wireless

connectivity. There are various systems and functions of it, Doing a voice over in a presentation,

part of a speech and voice recognition system, and enabling a disabled person to communicate.

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