Genesis Evolution

Control Editor

Using manual
www.tpaspa.it
 I Genesis Evolution

Index

Chapter I Using manual 1

Introduction
1 ................................................................................................................................... 1
Work graphic environment
.. .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ...... 1
Structure of. ....
the... basic
.... ... ....Graphic
... .... .... ...
Page
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ...... 2
Operating Functions
.. .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ...... 3
Program Archive.. .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ...... 3
Access mode. .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ...... 3
Creating a .new
.... ...program
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ...... 4
Working
2 Environment
................................................................................................................................... 4
Panel Visualization
.. .... ...area
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ...... 6
Axes reference
. .... ...systems
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ...... 6
General piece. .... ...
view
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ...... 8
Face View . .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ...... 9
3D View . .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ...... 9
Fictitious Faces
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 10
Structure of the
.... working data
... .... ... .... ... table
.... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 12
Structure of ISO Text
.... ... .... ...Table
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 13
Main
3 Tool Bar
................................................................................................................................... 14
File Handling Buttons
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 14
General Characteristics
.... ... .... ... ....Setting
... .... .... ...Buttons
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 15
Current Program
.... ...Handling Buttons
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 15
Zoom Buttons.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 15
Technology Help
.... ...Buttons
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 16
Graphic Simulation
.... ... ....Buttons
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 16
Block / Faces ....
Selection
... .... ... ....Buttons
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 16
Sliding Text Buttons
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 17
CAD Tools Predisposition Buttons
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 17
Macros-Workings
4 ................................................................................................................................... 17
Working Classification
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 18
Single and...Multiple
... .... ... ....Holes
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 18
Simple Rotary
... ... ....Cuts
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 19
Complex Rotary
... ... .... ...Cuts
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 19
Saw ... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 20
Measures...and... ....Miscellaneous
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 20
Subroutines
... ...Calls
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 20
Special Functions
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 20
Palettes for Working
.... ... .... ...Selection
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 21
Level-type...Structure
... .... ... .... ...
of....
the....Working
... .... ... ....Palettes
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 21
Data Entry Dialogue
.... ... .... Box of....Working
... .... ... .... ... .... ...Parameters
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 22
Position Area
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 23
Tool Area... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 24
Feed Area... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 25
Outfits
5 and...................................................................................................................................
working Tools 26
Working Tools....programming
... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 26
Programming... ... ....
by...Diameters
.... ... .... .... ...
and.... ...
typology
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 26
Drilling Tools
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 26
Milling tools
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 28
Sawing Tools
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 30

T.P. A. S.p.A.
 Index II

Help on Line for Tools

.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 31
Drawing
6 Manipulation
................................................................................................................................... 32
CAD manipulation tools
.... ... .... ... ....Palette
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 33
"Move" command
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 33
"Rotate" command
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 33
"X Symmetry"
... ... ....
command
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 34
"Y Symmetry"
... ... ....
command
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 34
"X/Y Symmetry"
... ... .... ...command
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 35
"Repeat" Command
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 35
"Explode"...command
... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 36
"Profile cutting"
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 36
"Profile reversing"
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 36
"Move profile
... ... ....
Setup"
... .... ...
command
.... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 36
"Profile Scaling"
... ... .... ...command
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 36
"Profile Link"
... ... ....
command
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 37
"Profiles connection"
... ... .... ... .... ...command
.... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 37
"Round" command
... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 37
"Beveling"...command
... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 37
"Entry path"
... ...command
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 38
"Exit path"...command
... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 38
"Z Laying"... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 38
Parametric
7 ...................................................................................................................................
Programming 38
Variables .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 39
Variables ...
assigning
... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 40
Program basic
... ... ....Variables
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 41
Mathematical Expressions and
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... Operators
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 41
Basic Arithmetical
... ... .... ... ....
Operators
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 42
Mathematical
... ... ....
transcendent
... .... ... .... .... ...
Operators
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 42
Trigonometric
... ... ....
Functions
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 43
Special and
... ...Technological
.... ... .... ... .... ....Functions
... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 44
Parametric
8 ...................................................................................................................................
Subroutines 44
Subroutines recalling
.... ... .... ... functions
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 45
Recalling ...
Options:
... .... ... ....
Translating,
... .... .... ... ....Rotating
... .... ... ....and
... ....Mirroring
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 46
Subroutine Variables
.... ... .... ...re-assigning
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 47

Chapter II Workings Programming 49

Drilling
1 workings
................................................................................................................................... 49
Piece Definition and
.... ... dimensions
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 49
DRILL (X,Y,Z) ....
working
... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 49
Drill Execution....with
... ....the
... ....option
... .... ...."Relative"
... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 51
DRILL in "Polar coordinates"
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 52
"Multi-tools Drilling"
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 53
"Repeat X", "Repeat Y",
.... ... .... ... ...."Repeat
... .... .... ... XY" macros
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 53
"Fitting X" and "Fitting Y" Macros
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 55
"Drills on Circle"
.... ...macro
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 55
"Drills on vertices of...an
.... ... .... ....inscribed
... .... .... ... ....Polygon" Macro
... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 56
"Drills on vertices
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ....Macro
of a circumscribed Polygon" .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 57
Sawing
2 instructions
................................................................................................................................... 58
"Saw X", "Saw
....Y" and
... .... ... ...."Saw in...degrees"
... .... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 58
Mill
3 Setup and
...................................................................................................................................
Linear / Circular interpolations 60
"Mill Setup (x,y,z)" working
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 60
"Mill Setup" (polar coordinates)
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 62
"Oriented Mill"....Setup
... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 63
Linear milling ....
- "L01 (X,Y,Z
... .... ... )".... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 64
.... ... ....

T.P.A. S.p.A.
III Genesis Evolution

Linear milling ....

- "L02
... .... ...(pole,A,U)"
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 65
Linear milling ....
- "L03
... .... ...(A,U)"
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 66
Linear milling ....
- ...
"L04.... ...(polo,A,X)"
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 67
Linear millings....- ...
"L06
.... ...(A,X)"
.... ... ....and "L07
.... ... .... ... ....(A,Y) " .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 67
... .... ...
Linear milling ....
- ...
"L08.... ...(Z,tangent)"
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 68
Linear milling ....
- ...
"L10.... ...(closure)"
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 69
Linear milling ....
- "L12 (Tginiz
... .... ... .... ... ....(P1,P2 o ....
.... ... .... ... A),...U, ....Z)"
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 69
Arc "A01 (center)
.... ...on plane
.... ... XY"
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 70
Arc "A04 (three....points) plane
... .... ... .... XY"
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 71
"A11 (radius, smaller
.... ... .... ...arc)
.... ...on plane
.... .... XY"
... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 72
Arc "A13 (center
.... ...and
.... ...final
.... ...angle) on...plane
.... .... ... .... XY"
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 73
Arc "A15 (entry....tangent) on....plane
... .... ... .... ... XY"
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 74
Arc "A16 ( initial tangent,
.... ... .... ... .... ...final
.... ....point)
... .... ...on plane
.... ... XY"
.... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 75
Arc "A17 (exit....
tangent)
... .... ... ....on plane
... .... XY"
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 76
Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2
.... ... .... ... ....(C1,C2)"
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 76
Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2
.... ... .... ... ....(C1,R2)"
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 78
Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2
.... ... .... ... ....(R1,C2)"
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 79
Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2
.... ... .... ... ....(C1,
... ....exiting
.... ... ....tangent)"
... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 80
Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2
.... ... .... ... ....(Entry tangent,
... .... .... ... .... ... ....C2)"
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 82
Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2
.... ... .... ... ....(Entry tangent,
... .... .... ... .... ... ....exit
... ....tangent)"
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 83
Programming ....on...sloped planes
.... ... .... ... .... .... ...("Oriented
.... ... .... ... ....Mill
... ....Setup")
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 84
Macro
4 ................................................................................................................................... 87
"Circle (center)" macro
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 87
"Circle (three points)" macro
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 87
"Oval" Macro .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 88
"Ellipsis X" (Ellipsis Y)....
.... ... .... ... macro
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 91
"Polygon inscribed
.... ... ....in a Circle"
... .... macro
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 92
"Polygon circumscribed to....
.... ... .... ... .... ... a ....
Circle"
... .... ...macro
.... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 93
"Fillet" macro.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 94
"Beveling" macro
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 95
Subroutines
5 ................................................................................................................................... 96
Subroutine "sub1.cnc"
.... ... .... ... ....programming
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 96
Subroutine "sub2.cnc"
.... ... .... ... ....programming
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 98
Subroutine recall
.... ...with the
.... ... .... ... "SUB0"
.... .... ... ....instruction
... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... ..... 99
Subroutine recalling with
.. ... .... ... .... ... ....the
.... ..."SUB2" function
.... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... 103
Appendix 1: Data
.. ... ....Entry
... .... ...tables
.... .... ...for the
.... ... functions:
.... ... SUB0
.... ... .... .... ... and
.... ... .... SUB2
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... 104
Appendix 2: ..
Toolbar and
... .... ... .... Palette
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... 106
Surface
6 Clearing
...................................................................................................................................
and Develop Text Tools 107
Surface Clearing
.. ... ....Tool
... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... 107
Setting Window
. ... .... ... ....
for...Surface
.... .... ... ....
Clearing
... .... ... ....
Parameters
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... 107
Develop Test..Tool
... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... 110
Setting Window
. ... .... ... ....
for...Text
.... ....Parameters
... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... 110
Geometry . ...of
....text
... ....distribution
... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... .... ... 111

T.P. A. S.p.A.
 Using manual 1

1 Using manual

1.1 Introduction
Edicad32 is the software environment for programming "Genesis Evolution" Numeric Control, suited
for driving Wood Working Machines, specifically for multifunction work centers used for
customization of panels in the manufacturing of modular furniture.

Edicad32 was conceived as to offer user a very friendly and easy working environment, really
"problem oriented": it proposes an assisted data introduction, easy design of working paths and
integrates within the system software the main construction rules specifically related to modular
furniture assembling.

Edicad32 offers a number of Programming Tools, both in the technologic environment – thanks to a
rich library of Macro-Instructions suitable for the specific working cycles required by the Application
– and in the graphic environment – by means of various geometric tools and drawing manipulation
functions, allowing easy and safe programming of complex working paths.

Edicad32 is a 32 bit application, using COM technology in accomplishment of WindowsNTâ

standard requirements; it runs under WindowsNTâ operating system and makes use of its MMI
graphic operating modes.

Consequently, it offers a simple programming environment, based on graphic windows for

visualization and data entering, equipped with Text Menus, Tool bar, Help-on-line and Dialog box
for guided introduction of geometric and technologic parameters, allowing continuous and immediate
check of the data introduced.

1.1.1 Work graphic environment

By exploiting the system graphic performances, and specifically use of high resolution display, most
of the programming environment could be concentrated within a single screen page, based on a multi-
window structure offering text menus, Tool bar and Tool Palette, thus offering an immediate and easy
selection of the required commands and functions.

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 2 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 1.1 - Work Environment

1.1.1.1 Structure of the basic Graphic Page

The main page is subdivided into the following main areas, as shown in Fig. 1.1:

1. Panel graphic window : (displaying all the 5 faces that may be worked), with scaled
representation (details may be Zoomed) of panel, workings inserted and routing paths.

2. Dialogue Box: for introduction of geometric and technologic parameters, guided by a structured
list of options available for each type of Working or Macro-Instruction.

3. Data Table for ISO Text: displays in "ISO text " format, on a scrollable list, the program lines as
soon as they are introduced

4. Variables Data Table: the list and the current value of the program Variables, used in parametric
programming, are permanently displayed in this list

5. Text Menus: provides selection of general commands and functions, as File Save, Edit program,
View mode, activating the corresponding palettes

6. Tool bar: organized in several levels, provides immediate selection of frequently used commands
and tools, as well as recalling technologic information imported from other Applications

7. Working Palette: (on the right side) for immediate selection of macro-workings, with the

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 Using manual 3

consequent display of the Dialogue Box for parameter setting

8. Drawing Palette: (on the right side) for immediate selection of graphic objects and geometric
manipulation of profiles

9. Status Bar: displays panel and face dimensions and the main data referred to current working

1.1.2 Operating Functions

System performances and main operating functions are described hereafter.

Edicad32 software allows creating, editing and saving programs or subroutines, checking and
optimizing them in order to provide their translation into an executable program, according to the
tooling and parameters of the machine.

The Operator may freely define an archive structure for main programs and subroutines, and
organize them according to his lines of furniture. Programming may be executed locally (on the
Numerical Control) or in the Office on a remote workstation, and also by means of external
CAD/CAM programs, saving, importing, and converting them automatically into .DXF files or ISO
text.

Use of tools as Select, Drag and Drop, Recall of parametric subroutines, etc. allows easy treatment
of programs and almost automatic creation of special versions or differently sized panels starting from
standard models.

Parametric programming – providing introduction of geometric rules in the disposition and layout of
workings- and the availability of conditioned programming (IF/EndIF blocks) allow introduction of
furniture building rules, increasing reliability in program development even in case of special parts,
and reducing response time in the treatment of orders.

Edicad32 graphics environment is highly configurable; many programmable settings allow

introduction of default information, possibility of enabling or masking the library of Workings and
Macros, definition of rules for importing and converting .DXF files; system may be configured in the
most suitable mode for the different machines and requirements.

1.1.3 Program Archive

1.1.3.1 Access mode

Easy and immediate access to program archive is provided by fruition of the native display and
selection performances of WindowsNT resource manager.
The "tree" organization of the archive may be exploited, easily reaching the program or subdirectory
required, thanks also to the graphic Preview that provides immediate check of what is searched (Fig.
1.2).

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 4 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 1.2 - Selecting a program with Preview

Preview function is available, and specially useful, also when calling Subroutines, to be inserted
within a main program, or when searching external programs, as in the case of .DXF or .DWG files

1.1.3.2 Creating a new program

Before creating a new program, various initial information must be input by the operator

· Programming mode and measure units ( [mm] o [inch] )

· Nominal piece dimensions, treated as a parallelepiped ( LxHxS)
· Special shapes, as inclined faces, named Fictitious Faces and numbered from 7 onwards
(see Section 1.2.1.4 )
· In this last case, each single fictitious face will be characterized by 3 main points, able to identify
position, orientation and "Local" reference system adopted in programming. These information
are strictly required by the system, for converting quotes of workings programmed on such faces
into the equivalent "physical" quotes of machine axes.
· When saving, definition of Name and destination Directory, if different from default.

1.2 Working Environment

The working environment of EdigrafF32 provides programming of the Part program of the Numerical
control "Genesis Evolution", allowing to set up the characteristics of the piece, to introduce the
workings to be executed on it and to manage the archive of the job programs.

In this environment all the geometric and technological information required to characterize the job
cycle may be inserted, exploiting direct access to the Parametric files of the Machine ("Outfit
parameters") and using a series of functions and instruments of design of complex workings (as
beveling, connections, ellipses, arcs, ovals).

Each of these functions has the scope to simplify and fasten the construction of geometric profiles on
the piece, allowing to display and check the result of the programming work.

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The Edicad32 environment is organized in a graphic screen where, in a structured format, various
workspaces are available, oriented to graphic and text visualization and to data setting:

- the view of the panel under construction, that may be selected in General View mode or in Face
View general or Sight for face, (fig. 2.1a and fig. 2.1b)
- the Working Parameter Setting Table, (fig. 2,2)
- the visualization area of the corresponding Text in ISO format (fig. 2,3)
- the Table for programming/displaying parametric Variables (fig. the 2,4)

Fig. 2.1a: General Piece View

Panel is represented with the
explosion of the 5 faces that may
be worked: each face is
associated to a local Cartesian
Reference System [x, y ,z].

Fig. 2.1b: Face View

Panel is displayed in 3D view,
with the selected face displayed
in foreground, for the insertion of
workings.

Fig. 2.2 shows an example of structure of the programming Table of working specific parameters,

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 6 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 2.2: Working Parameters

Table
The Chart is based on a tree
structure, characterised by the
different typologies of
parameters (geometric,
technological and options)
typical of the working, that
allow a guided and easy
programming.

Fig. 2.3 show the format of the panel of Visualization of the correspondent ISO text, that checking
and editing the numerical values. For a more detailed description refer to Section 1.7.

Fig. 2.3: "ISO" Text Table

In this table all the
corresponding ISO lines of
the program are listed: it is
also possible to modify data
without entering again in the
Working Data Table.

Fig. 2.4 shows an example of the area of data display / setting for the use of Parametric Programming,
described in detail in Section 1.8.

Fig. 2.4: Variable Table

In this table the program
Variables are displayed, that can
be used as local Parameters, as to
offer a great facility and
flexibility in the programming,
with use of mathematical
calculation formulas.

1.2.1 Panel Visualization area

1.2.1.1 Axes reference systems

In this View mode all the workable faces of the piece are represented contemporarily, allowing to
select, one after the other, the one on which to operate.

For each face the origin of the local Reference System is enhanced, that will facilitate the definition of
the quotes of application of the different workings. In fact every face will exploit a local reference
system, in which the same face is prepared on the canonical Cartesian plane [XY], while the Z axis
will always define the direction perpendicular to it, with the convention of sign Z+ in the direction
exiting from the piece. Insofar all the indications of Depth will be characterized by negative values.

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Fig. 2.5: General view

Faces are numbered according to
their disposition, and on each
one is enhanced the vertex
corresponding to the origin of
the local Cartesian reference
System.

From the conventions described above it comes out that only the main face (Face 1) will introduce a
system of local axes coincident with the physical machine axes [X, Y, Z]. For the other faces a
different correlation will exist instead, listed hereafter, where the axes X ' and Y ' of local
programming are identified with the terms "abscissa" and "ordinate" and with "thickness" the
direction of penetration into the same face.

In synthesis, we have:

· Face 1 : abscissa => X, ordinate => Y, thickness => Z (Fig. 2.6)

· Face 3 : abscissa => X, ordinate => Z, thickness => Y (Fig. 2.7)
· Face 4 : abscissa => Y, ordinate => Z, thickness => X (Fig. 2.8)
· Face 5 : abscissa => X, ordinate => Z, thickness => Y (Fig. 2.7)
· Face 6 : abscissa => Y, ordinate => Z, thickness => X (Fig. 2.8)

Notice that faces 3 and 4 introduce a canonical Cartesian plane as it is seen "from the outside" of the
piece. For faces 5 and 6 (for homogeneity with the preceding ones) the plane is seen "in
transparency", that is as it would be visible from the inside. This allows to maintain the usual position,
bottom left, of the origin of the Cartesian tern.

The following figures illustrate the disposition of the local Reference Axes.

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 8 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 2.6: Face 1

View
Axes x, y and z are
shown in this figure.
Z is positive if
exiting from piece,
and negative entering
into material .

Fig. 2.7: View of

faces 3 and 5
Ordinates are
represented in this
face by thickness and
depth by piece
height.

Fig. 2.8: View of

faces 6 and 4
In this face abscissas
are represented by
thickness and depth
by piece width

1.2.1.2 General piece view

The face views initially presents a 3D perspective display of workable faces, for their selection. (Fig.
2.9a-b).

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Fig. 2.9a : Piece 3D view Fig. 2.9b : List of faces that may be selected

1.2.1.3 Face View

Once selected, a face is displayed in its local representation, allowing direct geometric programming:
on this face the various workings introduces will be displayed (Fig. 2.9c).

Fig. 2.9c : Face main view

1.2.1.4 3D View

3D view enables to add, change and select workings.

Three buttons are available:

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 10 Genesis Evolution

their functions are:

· alignment with the perpendicular view of the selected face
· viewing the workings of the selected face only
· resetting the rotation angle of the part to 45°
This view does not allow selection by area.

1.2.1.5 Fictitious Faces

Edicad32 program also offers the possibility, for pieces of complex form, to define other work
planes, beside the standard perimeter faces: these other planes, named "Fictitious Faces", can
represent both inside or perimeter faces (but not coincident with the external), translated or however
oriented in space, that implicates the availability of tools inclined for their working.

These additional faces must be expressly programmed, defining their position and orientation by
means of an orderly sequence of 3 characteristic points.

The formulation of an additional face is achieved, as shown in Fig. 2.10, through Menu "Edit" with
the subsequent definition of the 3 notable points (X0, Y0, Z0), (X1, Y1, Z1) and (X2, Y2, Z2)
defining it.
Every fictitious Face introduced will assume a progressive number beginning from 7.

We will see later the logic with which these three points must be assigned, and their sequence.

Fig. 2.10: This figure shows the Table for setting points P0, P1, P2 that will define the fictitious face, the
3D visualisation of the panel and the specific representation of the current fictitious face.

The 3D view of the piece may be modified, rotating it as illustrated in Fig. 2.11.

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 Using manual 11

F ig. 2.11: from this view it is

possible to see in detail how
the inside faces of the piece
have been positioned.
The reference origin always
remains the same and, for the
fictitious faces, it is possible
to define the direction of the Z
axis. Inside this piece 6
internal faces were built.
There is also a small option
bar: with command
3D rotation it is possible to
rotate the piece in
any direction.

Definition of the 3 notable points of the fictitious face is very important, as it determines the position
and orientation of the face but also, implicitly, the choice of the local reference system.

With reference to Fig. 2.12, the following rules must be observed when programming points P0, P1
and P2:

· First, the 3 points must not be lined up, because in such case the definition of the plane is not
univocal
· Their sequence of introduction must be assigned in such way that the circuit P0 à P1 à P2 is
counter-clockwise , that implicitly provides a view "from the air", that means with Z+ exiting
toward the operator.
· Point P0 must be programmed considering that it will be chosen as Origin of the local axes
· Point P1 will be assumed by the system as indication (from the oriented segment P0à P1) of the
direction of local axis X+
· The third point P2 (counter-clockwise circuit) will allow the system to deduce the exiting
Normal Z+, therefore the real orientation of the plane
· The system will automatically calculate the orientation of axis Y+, perpendicular to the other two
axes.

The reference system so built is what the Operator must consider when programming quotes of the
Workings on the mentioned face.

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 12 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 2.12:
The first figure shows a correct
disposition of the 3 points of
definition of the fictitious face
and a representation 3D of the
piece, as to facilitate
comprehension of the mechanism
of quoting its points (in absolute
reference)

Fig. 2.13 illustrates an example of fictitious faces inside the piece, oriented in the directions of the
Cartesian axes.

Fig. 2.13 – Inserting notable points of the fictitious face

Fields:

· [ON] : Enable fictitious face

· [Free] : Indicates whether Workings are present on this face
· [Z+] : Indicates Z direction considered in the workings, if present

1.2.2 Structure of the working data table

In this table are inserted all the geometric and technological parameters that characterize the various
Workings, that means:

· Working Application Point (in face X, Y, Z co-ordinates), in Absolute or Relative mode

· Other characteristic geometric parameters , if any (Quotes and/or Angles)
· Diameters and/or Tools required
· Working Speed or other Technologic Parameters

- Note : Some data may be optional, other not compulsorily programmable, because assumed by
system as default.

- Note : Some workings may be momentarily disabled, when non compatible with the sequence or the
face being programmed (for instance, on side faces 3, 4, 5, 6, Saw workings are not allowed).

Refer to Section 1.4 for an analytic description of the various fields, and to Part 2 - Workings , for the
corresponding technological meaning.

Some examples of programming tables are shown hereafter (Fig. 2.14a-b-c):

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Fig. 2.14a Fig. 2.14b Fig. 2.14c

Working data table for function Working data table for function Working data table for function
Drill , with characteristic Angular Saw. Mill Setup (in polar coordinates).
parameters and optional fields.

1.2.3 Structure of ISO Text Table

This control Panel is conceived for visualizing the equivalent ISO text of the program under
construction. The fully grown ISO foresees to characterize every Workmanship through a lace of
characters, whose syntax reflects the rules of planning of the Language, opportunely you adapt for
codifying the different specific operations.

The ISO line corresponding to the current Working is enhanced with a color band.

Text may be edited, in order to modify its content: double click with mouse on the line selected, then
edit text.

ISO text may be printed, as to get a quick report of all workings; its comprehension is made easier by
typing into field "description" a comment associated to working. Text of each ISO line contains all the
information associated to working, in accordance to the usual language rules. As an instance, the
description of code associated to Drilling working is shown in the following example:

· G81: Function G.. represents, as usually, the code that identifies working type: in this case G81
represents working DRILL
· X100: X application quote of drilling

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 14 Genesis Evolution

· Y100: Y application quote of drilling

· Z-10: Drilling depth
· EG0 : "Absolute" programming mode ( EG1 corresponds to "Relative")
· A0 : Indicates that direct tool selection was applied (and not programming by Diameter =A1). In
case of A1 the following fields TR.. and T.. would be disabled
· TR1 : Group Number (=1)
· T1 : Tool Number (=1)

1.3 Main Tool Bar

Edicad32 programming environment has the typical WindowsNT software structure used for
Command Data Entry.

Commands may be selected either using written "pop-up" Menus or, more quickly, by directly using
the working Tool Bars, which are made both in a fixed structure, just as the Main Tool Bar described
in this chapter, and in command Palettes which can be personally set and are sensitive to the contest
in which they are located.

Edicad32 Main Tool Bar gives the user not only a quick and easy access to the most frequently used
commands but also helps in different functions.

Let's now see a punctual description of the different command buttons, on the basis of their actions.

1.3.1 File Handling Buttons

They let you handle Directories and Files that constitute the work Part Programs:

1. New: It activates the creation of a new program, by recalling the Window that sets the general
parameters of the panel.
2. Open: It enters the Directory of the work's programs, permitting to recall a program that already
exists in the archive: the selection procedure then follows the normal route indicated by the "My
Computer" tree.
3. Save: It saves the current program in the default directory: the command "Save with name",
which enables duplicates or savings in particular directories defined by the User, is also available
from the written Menu.
4. Print: It prints the current program

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1.3.2 General Characteristics Setting Buttons

They let you recall, at any moment, the Dialogue Box for the setting of the general characteristics of
the piece, for visualization or data modify:

1. General: General piece data recall (Dimension, measuring units, description,…)

2. Variable: Recall of the r00-r299 variables, in order to visualize or modify them

1.3.3 Current Program Handling Buttons

They let you operate the usual working functions on the current program:

1. Cut: It removes le selected parts, saving them in the note pad

2. Copy: It copies the selected parts, saving them in the note pad
3. Paste: It adds the selected parts that are saved in the note pad
4. Erase: It removes the selected parts, without saving them
5. UNDO: It undoes the last operation done

1. Select: It selects all the parts that are present on the current paper
2. Find: It searches, in the complete ISO text, for the wanted string of characters
3. Find next: It finds the next pattern of characters
4. Change : It changes the found string with the new one wanted

1.3.4 Zoom Buttons

They let you choose and activate different kinds of Zoom:

1. Zoom area: It zooms on the selected area

2. Extended Zoom: It brings the image of the complete panel to a full screen dimension

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 16 Genesis Evolution

3. Previous Zoom: It goes back to the previous zoom level

4. Zoom (+) : Enlargement following a fixed step
5. Zoom (-) : Reduction following a fixed step
6. Zoom Off : It brings the panel's image back to normal scale
7. Pan : Image mouse movement

1.3.5 Technology Help Buttons

While programming, these buttons let you recall data relative to the Technological Parameters of the
Machine, in order to
allow a check, on the congruity, for instance, of the working tools:

1. Help Works: It recalls the Help-on-line on the working

2. Tool Parameters: It recalls the Tools parameters (only for data visualization)
3. Machine Parameters: It recalls the Technological Parameters of the Machine
4. Help Subroutine : Help-on-line regarding the Subroutines

"Read Only" facilities are enabled through the access to parametric data: you are not allowed to
modify them. In order to do so you have to enter, giving a password, the specific environment.

1.3.6 Graphic Simulation Buttons

It lets you recall certain visualizations, useful while programming, that show particular technological
aspects of the chosen settings:

1. Rotary Cutter Center: It shows the real path followed by the center of rotary cutter, applying the
radius correction for the selected tool
2. Conditions: It applies and resolves the programmed Logical Conditions (IF Blocks), hiding the
parts that turn out to be not functioning.
3. Redraw: It redesigns the complete panel.

1.3.7 Block / Faces Selection Buttons

They allow you to select both the insertion mode and the current face:

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1. Upstream: Insertion upstream of the current work

2. Downstream: Insertion downstream of the current work
3. Face 5: Face 5 selection
4. Face 3: Face 3 selection
5. Face 6: Face 6 selection
6. Face 4: Face 4 selection
7. Face 1: Face 1 selection

1.3.8 Sliding Text Buttons

They enable the sliding of the text or the direct selection of the current line:

1. Previous Line: It selects the line of text that comes right before the current one
2. Next Line: It selects the line of text that comes right after the current one
3. First Line: It selects the first line of text
4. Last Line: It selects the last line of text

1.3.9 CAD Tools Predisposition Buttons

They allow you to arrange the modalities of definition of quotes for the displacements shown in the
Palette in figure:

1. Cartesian: by giving quotes on the Cartesian plane (X,Y e Z)

2. Mouse: roughly, by using the mouse
3. Polar: by giving the polar and angle

For what concerns the Palettes for the selection of the workings or of the design tools, please go to
Section 1.4 and Section 1.6 respectively.

1.4 Macros-Workings
Edicad32 gives the User a set of Workings (basic level) and of defined Macros, which allow a quick
definition of the working program through a simple selection, recall and application procedure of the
Macros and Workings on the different faces of the panel.

Workings are archived in a particular Library, which may be configured by the Customer, by
activating or not the different modalities, depending on the technological characteristics of the
Machine.

Fig. 4.1 shows the possibility, among the different Configuration procedures of Edicad32, to recall

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 18 Genesis Evolution

the list of Workings, either activating them or hiding them, depending on needs.

Fig. 4.1 - List of the Workings Library

1.4.1 Working Classification

What follows is a short list of the Workings and Macros usually available on the system. The detailed
description of the Workings and Macros, along with some examples of how to use them, is given in
Part 2 – Workings of this Handbook.

1.4.1.1 Single and Multiple Holes

Drills (X,Y,Z) Hole (by Tool or Diameter), with application on X,Y

(Cartesian) and depth Z
Drills (U,A) Hole with Polar coordinates (module U with angle A)
Multi-tool Drills Special Hole for multiple tool
Repeat X Multiple Holes, in direction X, with Step and number of
holes definition
Repeat Y Multiple Holes, in direction Y, with Step and number of
holes definition
Repeat XY Multiple Holes, in diagonal direction, defined in Cartesian
(Xf, Yf) or Polar (U,A)
Fitting X Fitting on X, with step and X of Final point definition
Fitting Y Idem, in Y direction

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Fitting XY Idem, in diagonal direction

Drills on circle Multiple Holes on circle, defined by Center, Angle, Radius
first hole
Drills on Inscribed Polygon Multiple Holes on the vertices of a polygon inscribed in a
circle, defined as the previous.
Drills on Circum-scribed Polygon Idem, on the vertices of a polygon circumscribed to a circle,
defined as the previous

1.4.1.2 Simple Rotary Cuts

Setup (X,Y,Z) Setup rotary cutter (by T or D), with application on X,Y
(Cartesian) and depth Z
Setup (U,A) Setup rotary cutter, in Polar coordinates (module U with
angle A)
Oriented Setup Setup rotary cutter on inclined face, with angle of
Pivoting
L01 (X,Y,Z) Linear, with final Point in Cartesian coordinates (relative or
absolute)
L02 (pole, U, A) Linear, with final Point in Polar coordinates (programmed
Pole)
L03 (U,A) Linear, as the precedent, but with Pole coinciding with initial
point
L04 (pole, A, X) As L02, but with height X of the final point (instead of
module U)
L05 (pole, A,Y) Idem, but with height Y of the final point
L06 (A,X) As L04, but with Pole coinciding with initial point
L08 (Z, tang) Segment having a direction dictated by the initial
tangent
L10 Segment of closing profile (Final point same as Setup)
A01 (Center X,Y,Z) Arc in XY plane, having Center (I,J) and final point
(X,Y,Z)
A04 (3 points) Arc in 3 points (initial, final and intermediate) in XY
plane
A05 (Center X,Z) Arc in XZ plane, through Center and final point
A06 (Center Y,Z) Arc in YZ plane, having Center (I,J) and final point
(X,Y,Z)
A07 (3 points) XZ Arc in 3 points, in XZ plane
A08 (3 points) YZ Arc in 3 points, in YZ plane
A11 (R, arc min) Arc by Radius, minor Arc, in XY plane
A12 (R, arc max) Arc by Radius, major Arc, in XY plane
A13 (Center, Afin) Arc by Center and final Angle, in XY plane
A15 (Tgin, Pf) Arc having initial Tangent in continuity and final point, in
XY plane
A16 (Tgin, Pf) Idem, but with programmed initial tangent
A17 (Tgout, Pf) Arc with programmed final Tangent and final point, in XY
plane

1.4.1.3 Complex Rotary Cuts

Joint Circular Joint on vertex, having radius R

Bevel Straight bevel on vertex, having length U
Arc1-Arc2(C1,C2) Double arc, with programmed centers C1 e C2
Arc1-Arc2(C1,R2) Double arc, with center C1 and radius R2, both

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programmed
Arc1-Arc2(R1,C2) Double arc, with Radius R1 and Center C2, both
programmed
Arc1-Arc2(C1,Tgout) Double arc, with Center C1 and exit Tangent both
programmed
Arc1-Arc2(Tgin,C2) Double arc, with entering Tangent and Center C2 both
programmed
Arc1-Arc2(Tgin,Tgout2) Double arc, with programmed in/out Tangents
Circle(C) Complete circle with Center C, radius R and initial
angle
Oval Oval, given by Center, major axis, minor axis and minimum
radius
Ellipse Ellipse, given by Center, major axis and minor axis
Inscribed polygon Polygon having N sides, inscribed in a given circle
Circumscribed polygon Polygon having N sides, circumscribed to a given circle

1.4.1.4 Saw

Saw X Saw in X direction

Saw Y Saw in Y direction
Saw A Saw in a direction given by angle A

1.4.1.5 Measures and Miscellaneous

Length Measure Measurement cycle in X direction

Width Measure Measurement cycle in Y direction
Thickness Measure Measurement cycle in Z direction
Application Point Geometric assignment of an application point for
Subroutine
Offset Offset introduction
Wait Waiting time
Rapid (X,Y,Z) Rapid movement with a programmed height
Message Message transmission
IF IF branch opening
Else ELSE branch of an open IF
Endif Closure of an IF

1.4.1.6 Subroutines Calls

SUB 0 Subroutine call, conditioned, single

SUB 2 Subroutine call, conditioned, repeated in X and Y

1.4.1.7 Special Functions

FOR .. Endfor Logical block of FOR (programmed number of

repetitions)
Forever Indefinite repetition
Break Stop
Continue Continue
Error Error signal
Assign. Variable$ Value assignment to variable $nn
Ass. var$ oper. Ter. Conditioned assignment with a ternary operator

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1.4.2 Palettes for Working Selection

The selection and recall of a Working, to be applied step by step to the program, may be quickly
done just by pointing the mouse on the corresponding icon on the Workings Palette.

The structure of the Palettes is dynamic (see Fig. 4.2): they include the Types of the main workings
("Holes", "Millings" and "Macro" ); for each type a second level of Palette opens, showing the
Workings available for that type.
More on the right, in the example, the specific Palette for the "Holes" type is shown.

Fig. 4.2 – Working palette

1.4.2.1 Level-type Structure of the Working Palettes

Let's now give, shortly, the list of sub-levels of the Palettes relative to some of the main Workings,
which are classified in the following three types:

1. Milling Workings
2. Drilling Workings
3. Saw Workings

A first level of the Toolbar Menu corresponds to this general classification, as shown in Fig, 4.3 a-b-
c.

Different Toolbar sub-levels, which allow to select the following various kinds of profiles,
correspond to the first group (Fig. 4.3a), characterized by the three Setup modalities (Rotary Cutter
Setup, polar and inclined):

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· Linear Interpolation (segments)

· Circular/Helical Interpolations (Arcs, Double Arcs and Circumferences)
· Macros for complex figures (Ovals, Ellipses and Polygons)
· Special geometric facilities (Joints and bevels)

Here below on the left we show the Workings with beside the available functions:

Fig. 4.3a
Menu regarding the workings of
rotary cutting:

Linear,
Arcs
Double Arcs,
Ellipses & Polygons,
Joints & Bevels
We show drilling (Fig. 4.3b) and saw (Fig. 4.3c) workings

Fig. 4.3b
Menu for the operations of
Drilling:
Repeat Holes
Fitting
Holes on Circle and on Polygons

Fig. 4.3c
Saw X, Saw Y and Saw degree

1.4.3 Data Entry Dialogue Box of Working Parameters

A Data Entry Table is dynamically associated to each recalled Working. This table helps the User
during the setting of both the fundamental parameters and the optional ones, necessary to characterize
the Working itself.

The table has a tree-like structure, according to the different kinds of data required, with numerical
fields (they can be compulsory or optional) or check boxes inside, allowing insertion of rules for
parameter interpretation.

Fig. 4.4 shows an example of such a table: the different kinds of tables will be described in detail in
Part 2 of the Handbook .

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In the tables for the data setting, generally the fields "Quotes" refer to the application point of the
single Workings or to the final points of each geometric entity of profile

These Quotes are usually chosen as "Absolute", that is referred to the reference system of the face,
or as "Relative" (where required), that is, in this case, in an incremental manner compared to the
current position, considered as the significant quote of the immediately preceding Working.

All those geometric parameters which, because of their property, have a meaning only in an absolute
way (such as a radius) or other quotes that can always be defined as incremental compared to the
initial point (as the Arcs' centers), make an exception.

Note that the quotes related to depths (typically Zp) have to be expressed using negative numbers, in
order to follow the convention that Z+ is coming out of the panel.

Let's see in detail the general meaning of the parameters, according to the different types:

1. Parameters referred to the "Quotes" area

2. Parameters referred to the "Tools" area
3. Parameters referred to the "Speed" area

1.4.3.1 Position Area

The "Quote" parameters may obviously have very different geometrical meanings, depending not
only on the kind of Working, but mostly whether it is a "Punctual" type (that is it may implicitly be
represented by a point) or a more complex geometrical Entity, such as a Segment or an Arc..

The "Quote" parameters may obviously have very different geometrical meanings, depending not
only on the kind of Working, but mostly whether it is a "Punctual" type (that is it may implicitly be
represented by a point) or a more complex geometrical Entity, such as a Segment or an Arc..

-Drilling Position Area:

Since these are punctual Workings, the Position is referred to the application point.

Some Positions may take on particular meanings, in the case of multiple Holes or Fitting, or in the

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 24 Genesis Evolution

case of having to deal with some particular parameters, such as the "deceleration positions", both in
entry and exit, which will later be more precisely described along with the respective Workings.

-Milling Position Area:

Apart from the initial Setup of the Rotary Cutter (punctual too), usually the corresponding functions
describe a more or less complex geometrical entity (Segment, Arc, etc.), in which the Final point is
defined, implicitly assuming (for continuity) that the initial point, which isn't expressly programmed,
coincides with the final point of the precedent Working (called "current Point").

Therefore the "Relative" Option may act on the Final Point, while for all the other possible
parameters an unequivocal interpretation is usually applied.

For what concerns the "Angle" notation, consider that it must always be assumed that Positive =
Counter- Clockwise, according to the regular trigonometric rule.

The "point hooking" (for milling profiles)

This technique (the Reader should go to the specific examples for more details on it) allows to recall
and hook, at the current point, whatever programmed and previously saved profile, canceling the
original Setup.

The "Multiple Setup" (for milling profiles)

This technique simplifies programming in the case of milling profiles which have to be operated,
successively, using different tools, eliminating the inconvenience of having to repeat the route's
definition.

-Saw Position Area

The Saw is a Working that may be executed only on face 1: the initial Setup and the final point are
implicitly programmed in the instruction itself. The Reader should go to the detailed description,
giving particular consideration to the aspects of the "Double Run" and of the way used to recall the
"Cord Calculation".

1.4.3.2 Tool Area

This is the area used to define some of the Working's main technological characteristics, which
actually consist in selecting the most appropriate Tool (or Tools) for the correct execution of the
Working.

Diameter and Typology Programming

First of all let's point out that, in order to guarantee an easier and more flexible programming, most
of the times the direct selection of the Tool is not a User's task, especially whenever it may be
automatically chosen by the system on the basis of its pure characterization:

· As Diameter and, eventually, in addition

· As Typology, if express.

In this case the system itself will, using the tools' head configuration, automatically search for and
select the Tool (or Tools) that satisfy the required specifications. In this manner the panel's
programming is invariable to the specific machine's equipping. The system will obviously signal error

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 Using manual 25

cases any time it is impossible to find tools fit for the required Working.

The Reader should refer to Section 5 – "Equipping and Working Tools" – for the description of the
various kinds of Tools that can be used for the different Workings.

1.4.3.3 Feed Area

The various tool working speeds may be set in this section of the Parameter Table, in case user would
like to locally modify the default speed values, defined in the Tool Database (àTool Parameters).

Depending on the different functions, these speeds (programmed in [mt/min]) can refer to:

1. Tool's penetration speed into the material ( into the Holes)

2. Work speed, during the milling or the saw
3. Possible speed reductions in particular points (Bevels or joints), etc.

The Tools' Rotary speeds are kept separate from these; they are also locally programmable and are
expressed in [rpm].

à Note: Where not programmed, the system automatically assumes the default speeds, which are
expressed in Parametric form, associated with the selected tool.

Drilling Speed Area

The Drilling Speed Area consists only of two fields to fill in:

· Entry Speed: referred to the tool's penetration movement (the exit is executed in rapid)
· Spindle Rate Number: referred to the Spindle rotary speed.

As already stated, it is possible to program some pieces, along the Hole, where tool's entry speed
reductions previously defined may be applied.

Fig. 4.5
In the drilling speed area, you must
keep in mind the possibility to require
specific decelerations, both in entry
and exit of the passing hole.

Milling Speed Area

During the milling Working, it is possible to locally program the speeds (tangent) of the single
lengths: the value is automatically spread to the lengths that immediately follow, up to the
programming of a new value. In the complex Macro-instructions (as Ellipses) both the entry and the
work speeds are required.

For the particularly complex points, as the joints, a speed reduction is explicitly suggested, because
of possible quick changes of the axis direction:

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 26 Genesis Evolution

- Working Feed: tool's usual work speed

- Bevel/Round Feed: possible reduced value of the work speed.

Saw Speed Area

In this specific case the Entry, First Pass and Second Pass Work speeds are pointed out and may be
programmed one by one.

Fig. 4.6
In the saw working it is possible to
program the second pass speed
separately from the speed in the
first

1.5 Outfits and working Tools

1.5.1 Working Tools programming
1.5.1.1 Programming by Diameters and typology

In the Workings programming, Tool may be selected or directly - by the corresponding Spindle
number entering - or implicitly (in the "Drillings" case), by the "Diameter" and, optionally, the
Typology requirements.

In the case of direct selection, we can see the programming rules and the available Help for easiest
Tool identifying.

1.5.1.2 Drilling Tools

Concerning Drilling operations, different Tool selection criteria may be assumed: for every drillings
typologies the Group and Tool number are required:

Group: some Tool-machines may be equipped with two different Tool-Heads (eventually with the
same tools nomenclature): in this case a "Group" number is required for the Head selection
(otherwise, a default number Group = 1 is assumed).

Tool: program attributes a sequence progressive number to every tool-spindle, in an univocal mode.
In effect, the "tool" field value identifies the corresponding spindle position.

To verify the available current tools configuration, Programmer may recall the "Help on line"
command:

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- Outfits

that allows to visualize the current Tools disposition on the multi-spindles Head.

The following Table summarizes the selection rules of the tools, for the most important drilling
typologies:

Automati Yes - - - - - - - - -
c
Diameter Yes - Yes Yes Yes - - Yes Yes Yes

Group Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Tools Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Typology Yes - - - - - - Yes Yes Yes

Fig. 5.1
In this Table are listed the required information for direct Tool selection.
Obviously, in the case of "Programming by Diameter", only this last, and, eventually, the Typology,
are required.

More precisely:

Automatic: if this option is selected, no particular values are required in the Tools fields, since
program will provides automatically to select the most convenient Group and Tool.

Diameter: this parameter will be used as the most important "searching key" for the tool-hole
matching.

Typology: This is an optional parameter, may be used added to diameter, as auxiliary attribute for
matching. Normally typologies include: Blind Drilling tool, Crossing Drilling tool, Drilling with Saw
tool, Drilling with Flare, and so on.

Some Drilling typologies cannot be recalled in all the working faces; in the following Table we can
see the compatibility conditions:

Blind Drill Crossing Drill Drill & Saw Drill & Flare

Face 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes

Face 4 and 6 Yes No No No

Face 3 and 5 Yes No No No

Some Data Entry tables, for tools selection, are showed in the following examples (Fig. 5.2 a-b-c-d ).

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 28 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 5.2a
Automatic Option selected.
By default program select the Group = 1 and
the Tool = 1 .

Fig. 5.2b
In this case, Tool has been directly selected
(by the Group and Tool numbers).

Fig. 5.2c
In this case, Tool is required with the
parameters: Diameter = 8 mm and
Typology = 1 (Blind drilling tool).

Fig. 5.2d
In this case only the Diameter value has
been programmed: program will select the
first tool detected with Diam=8, without
considering typology.

1.5.1.3 Milling tools

The following Table summarizes the milling Tools characteristics. A special "Tandem" execution
provides two contemporaneous milling cycles, then with the selection of a milling tools pair.

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Mill Setup Mill Setup Oriented Mill Oval, Ellipsis,

Polar coordinates Setup Polygons

Automatic Yes Yes No No

Group Yes Yes Yes Yes
Tool 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes
Tool 2 Yes Yes Yes No
Mill Radius value No No No Yes
Mill radius Correction No No No Yes

Fig. 5.3
For the different executive typologies (in the columns) the different using levels (for options and
parameters) are showed.

· Automatic: the Automatic option, if enabled, forces the program to select the Group and Tool
defined by default. Normally this option is used in the case of DXF files importing. In this case
the tool fields are not accessible!
· Group: When not in "Automatic" mode, the Group code is compulsory (if machine is configured
with only one Tool-head, the Group=1 is assumed by default).
· Tool 1: The Tool number programming is compulsory, except in "Automatic" mode. "By
Diameter" programming is not allowed in the Milling works.
· Tool 2: Must be programmed only in the case of Tandem execution.
· Mill Radius value: This parameter is not used for an automatic tool selection, but only for the
Tool Radius Correction procedure (see next parameter). Programmer must consider that this
value is used for the Tool Center path computing: consequently, if programmed with a different
value (respect the effective Tool Diameter, defined in the "Tools Parameter") may produces a
special milling execution as, if entered with a greater value, leaving in the piece an extra-
thickness (convenient in the rough steps).
· Mill Radius Correction : If enabled, requires also the Correction side (left or right), relative to
the moving sense. Mill radius correction assumes, as parameter, the previously entered value and
computes the effective toll center trajectory.
· Option: Progressive Radius correction - If this option is enabled in the Setup, this initial
position will not be corrected while correction will be computed on the final point of the first
profile bloc. The system will generate a special moving instruction, from the Setup point (not
corrected) to the end point of the first bloc (corrected).

In the following, the different Mill Radius Correction procedures are showed, in terms of
programming modes and executive result (see Fig. 5.4a-b).

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Fig. 5.4a
The Mill Radius Correction is required on
"Left" side, with Radius = 5 mm.
If the Radius value is missing, program will
assume the "Tool Parameter" assigning.

Fig. 5.4b
In the upper figure, the MRC procedure is
selected in "Left" side, in the lower in the
"Right" side.
In Edicad32, the special command button :

Direction visualizing
allows to enhance, in the drawing, the moving
sense

In the following Table, the different Milling Tools typologies and the Working Faces compatibility
are listed:

Shaped Mill Rotating Smoothing Vertical Mill Rotating Head Toroidal Mill
Head Mill tool with Offset

Face 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Face 4 e 6 No Yes No Yes Yes No
Face 3 and 5 No Yes No Yes Yes No

Fig. 5.5
As showed in the Table, some particular milling Heads cannot be used on every faces: only in the
face #1 all typologies are allowed.
In programming, the different Mill typologies, supplied in the Technological Data Base may be
recalled with the Help command:

Tool Help-on-line:

1.5.1.4 Sawing Tools

The Sawing working do not requires particular building functions, since the path may be only based
on a single segment: horizontal (Saw X), vertical (Saw Y) or along a sloped straight line (Saw
degrees).

Then a single instruction may code as its Setup (Entry and initial point) as the Final point.

Nevertheless, the special working and tool characteristic cause a particular management for the "Mill
Radius Correction" mechanism and for the "Chord correction".

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In particular:

Mill Radius Correction: in this case, this procedure assumes the special meaning since correction is
related to the Saw Thickness, that is considered (as the diameter for the Milling case) to compute the
effective tool Center path.

Saw Diameter: The Saw diameter is also considered, but for another correction procedure ( the
"Chord correction" , described in the Part 2- Edicad32 Workings ) may be recalled to compensate
the groove enlarging effect, caused by the tool diameter, then reducing the effective tool center
movement length.

Fig. 5.6
In the figure is enhanced the effective a parameter (half-thickness), considered for the Tool Radius
Correction procedure.

1.5.2 Help on Line for Tools

The "Help on line facility allows to recall, in the Edicad32 environment, all the information included
in the Technological Data Base as, for instances, the current machine Outfits, the available Tools
characteristic, in order to verify, in programming, the technological compatibility between workings,
faces and selected tools.

The Technological Database may be accessed, from Edicad32, in "Read only" mode: all data may be
recalled for displaying but cannot be modified.

To recall the "Help for Tools" facility, the following command-button must be selected:

- Help for Tools

or it is possible to click on the Tool field button on the working setting dialog box

In the corresponding graphic windows, Programmer may verify if the selected tool is "compatible or
not" with the current working: the following icon are displayed on the side of the tool identifier:

An important aid for tool selection is provided by the information included in the ID field, which
shows the tools which can be selected for the current working

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 32 Genesis Evolution

The most common situations of incompatibility occur:

· when the selected tool is not enabled for the required face, as, for instance, when "Smoothing
Mill" are attempted on the faces 3,4,5 and 6
· when the selected tool is not compatible with the required working typology.

\
Fig. 5.7 - Help on Tool

In the Fig. 5.7 and 5.8a-b some examples of "Help on Tools" are showed, with the graphic images
may be recalled from the Technological Database.

Fig. 5.8a
Examples of "Help on Tools" images, recalled from Data Base, and related to the Drilling
tools working on faces 1, 4 / 6 and 3 / 5.

Fig. 5.8b
Rotating Heads, with Sawing and Milling tools.

1.6 Drawing Manipulation

Edicad32 provides a very powerful Drawing environment, based on Graphic Manipulation commands
set, designed to allow rapid workings modifying or multiplying. These commands usually work on a
single Macro-work or on a workings group or yet on entire milling profile, according to the selection
mechanism previously used.

All these Drawing commands may be run from the Literal menu or, most rapidly, directly from a
CAD tools Palette.

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1.6.1 CAD manipulation tools Palette

On the current program different graphic tools allow to manipulate the pattern geometry or the
milling profile characteristics.

Before the tools recalling, as later listed and described, Programmer must identify, selecting them,
all the geometrical objects will be subjected to manipulation and more must define (using the special
commands listed as 1 to 3, in the Sect. 1.3.9) the Reference mode (between Cartesian, with Mouse or
Polar) for the quotes and target positions of the operation will be recalled.

When these rules have been defined, the recalled Command will work on the selected geometry.

1.6.1.1 "Move" command

It's recalled by the button :

It works as on the "single point" Workings (as Drillings) as on the Profiles: with this command, all the
selected workings are moved to the new programmed X, Y and Z quotes, defined in Absolute or
Relative modes.

1.6.1.2 "Rotate" command

It's recalled by the button:

This operation, normally used for profiles, allows to rotate the drawing, by a programmed angle,
assuming as center a defined point, programmed in absolute or relative (to final point) mode.

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 34 Genesis Evolution

1.6.1.3 "X Symmetry" command

It's recalled by the button:

This operation allows to duplicate the selected workings, mirroring them respect to a vertical
symmetry axis, positioned to a programmable X quote (by default proposed in the medium of the
panel: x = L/2).

1.6.1.4 "Y Symmetry" command

It's recalled by the button:

This operation allows to duplicate the selected workings, mirroring them respect to an horizontal
symmetry axis, positioned to a programmable Y quote (by default proposed in the medium of the
panel: h = H/2).

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1.6.1.5 "X/Y Symmetry" command

It's recalled by the button:

This operation allows to duplicate the selected workings, mirroring them respect to a sloped symmetry
axis, defined by a Points pair.

1.6.1.6 "Repeat" Command

It's recalled by the button:

This operation allows to repeat more times the selected workings, moving them along a sloped
direction, defined by the three components : Delta X, Y and Z.

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 36 Genesis Evolution

1.6.1.7 "Explode" command

It's recalled by the button:

This command allows to "divide" the selected profile or subroutine in the single geometrical elements.

1.6.1.8 "Profile cutting"

It's recalled by the button:

This command allows to "cut" the current profile in correspondence of the selected internal point: this
point will assume the Setup meaning for the second part of profile.

1.6.1.9 "Profile reversing"

It's recalled by the button:

This command allows to reverse the moving sense along the selected profile, then causing exchange
between the original Setup and Final points.

1.6.1.10 "Move profile Setup" command

It's recalled by the button:

This command may by referred only to a closed profile: il alows to move Setup from original to a new
programmed internal point: the moving sense don't change.

1.6.1.11 "Profile Scaling" command

It's recalled by the button:

This command allows to increase or reduce the selected profile, applying to them a programmable
Scale factor

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1.6.1.12 "Profile Link" command

It's recalled by the button:

This command may be referred only to two different profiles, one of these assumed as "fisrt", the
other as "second": command allows to "move" the second profile as its original initial point (Setup)
coincides with the final point of the first: the second Setup will be erased, causing the two paths
linking.

1.6.1.13 "Profiles connection" command

It's recalled by the button:

This operation is similar to the " Profile Link" command but don't require the second profile moving:
the original paths linking is performed by a segment traced from the final point (of the first) to the
Setup point of the second.
The second Setup operation is erased.

1.6.1.14 "Round" command

It's recalled by the button:

If one or more polygon Vertices have been selected, this command allows to round off them with a
programmable Radius.

1.6.1.15 "Beveling" command

It's recalled by the button:

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 38 Genesis Evolution

If one or more polygon Vertices have been selected, this command allows to insert a linear
"beveling", with a programmable Distance from the corner.

1.6.1.16 "Entry path" command

It's recalled by the button:

When a milling profile, and its Setup point are selected, a programmable "entry path", linear or
circular with tangent continuity (relatively to the profile initial direction) may be inserted with this
operation: the Length (for "linear") or Radius (for "circular") values may be programmed. The
original Setup is moved in back to the initial point of the added path.

1.6.1.17 "Exit path" command

It's recalled by the button:

Similar to the previous command, allows to add (to the Final point of the selected profile) a linear or
circular "exiting path", with tangent continuity with the final direction.

1.6.1.18 "Z Laying"

It's recalled by the button:

Starting from a selected profile, that presents changes in Z quote, this command allows to generate a
new path, "projected" on the XY plane, where the Z values are annulled.

1.7 Parametric Programming

The Edicad32 system provides a very powerful "Parametric Programming" environment, expressly
designed to supply to the final User logical facilities and tools to simplify the part programs
development, reducing costs and time.

Parametric programming allows to answer to the flexibility and modularity requirements, typical of
the Application, where the panels working layouts need to be rapidly modified and customized,
following well defined geometrical rules, related to the constructive concepts of the composite
furniture.

The basic concept is that is possible to identify, for every panel typology, a standardized working

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 Using manual 39

layout just including, in its own description, all the mathematical and logical rules able to generate,
automatically, all the possible variants may be required in all the special executions (for change of
nominal dimensions or customizations) may occur in production.

In practice, this methodology allows to define the working program, for the "standard" panel, in
terms of a set of basic instructions, which structure (in terms of geometrical characteristics) may
change on the basis of mathematical expressions, including a set of "variables" that may code the
specific execution conditions.

According to these basic concepts, all the working Macro-instructions, included in this basic
program, will be characterized by a set of variable "parameters" and mathematical formulas that allow
to modify the final result simply re-assigning their values with the required current data.

This mechanism may also be enhanced using a "Parametric" Subroutines Library: with an
appropriate subroutines organization, every part program may be realized in terms of a set of
subroutines recalls, each of one with their internal parameters re-assigning with the current values,
required for every special execution. The parametric subroutines organization allows to reduce the
total quantity of different executive programs must be stored in the archives, since special executions
may be easily derived from the standardized types, only by a "local" parameters re-assigning.

Practically, the "Parametric Programming" concepts suggest User to follow these logical steps:

1. In the beginning, analyze, for every panels typology, the typical working patterns, in order to
identify the most recurrent layouts may be saved in form of subroutines
2. Then recognize, for these "standard" recurrent layouts, the logical and geometrical rules that may
change their structure according to special requirements, as, for instance, when changes of the
main panel dimensions are required
3. At this point, define the corresponding mathematical expressions, including the dimensional data
(or other significant Variables), may code these modifying laws, and use these expressions to
represent all the significant parameters (quotes, distances, angles, and so on) that may
characterize the geometrical pattern of the workings

Finally, organize the Main Programs in terms of successive subroutines recalling, passing to these the
effective current parameters values, as required for every specific execution. The main program
itself may be characterized in terms of a set of internal variables, may be every time re-assigned, in
order to generate, when required, particular variants according to special execution requirements.

1.7.1 Variables
The Parametric Programming modality, supplied by the Genesis Evolution Numerical Control, is
based on the possibility to define and recall a set of program "Variables" and mathematical
expressions to code the Workings parameters.

System provides three different Variables typologies:

Offset Variables: this variables group may be used to define local translations of the Reference
Origin of the Axes, then allowing more flexibility in the Machine setting and in the panels
arrangement on the working plane.

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 40 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 7.1
The Offset values indicate the local
translation may be associate to the
panel, when positioned differently to
the usual Field Reference pins.
(Fields Origins).

"V" variables : Include 8 special program variables, not directly used in the mathematical
expressions, that may be transferred to the PLC program, for the Machine Interface (Fixed Cycles)
customization.

Fig. 7.2
These Variables are directly managed
by the PLC program.

"R" Variables : This is the most important program Variables class (until 300 variables are available,
named r0 to r299 ) since may be locally defined in any Main program or Subroutine and used in the
formulas for the Workings parameters defining.

Fig. 7.3

The "R" Variables scrolling Data Table (r0

to r299), for displaying and programming.

The "R" Variables may be used for numerical values or characters string coding, since provide the
following Data type format:

a) Integer: for integer numerical value

b) Float: for numerical values in Floating point
c) String: for an ASCII characters string variable.

The R-type Variables may be also used to define the "Offset" and "V" Variables.

The R-type Variables may be marked as "Re-assignable" (field w=[x]), as, typically, in the case of
the Subroutines, where may be required to be modified by the recalling program.

1.7.1.1 Variables assigning

The R-type Variables must be assigned, as Value and Typology, at the Program opening, before to be
recalled and used in the mathematical formulas for the workings parameters definition.

Then, any rxx variable, will be supposed for using, must be preventively initialized with a numerical
value. Alternatively, any variable may be itself defined in parametric format, by a mathematical
expression including other rxx variable, provided that only already defined and with lower

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progressive number rxx are used.

Practically, it's required that any mathematical formula must be resolvable and computable.

In the case of Subroutine, at the creating moment, it internal Variables must be numerically defined,
as to allow a local interpretation. All of these that are supposed will be modified by the recalling
Main program, must be countersigned as "re-assignable", setting the field w =[x].

1.7.1.2 Program basic Variables

In any program the following internal "basic" Variables are implicitly defined and available for using:

-L, H, S: dimensions of the piece: these variables are automatically defined in the "Piece Definition"
session (see Part Ex. 1.0 of the present Manual). These variables may be used, as numerical value,
in any field of the Working Parameters data tables.

-Lf, Hf, Sf: dimensions of the current working Face (logically related to the previous).

We can see, for instance, as the "medium" point of the Face #3, for a panel with dimensions
[600x400x80], may be indicated :

1. By a direct numerical coordinates entering, then X = 300, Z = 40, Y = 0.

2. By the L, H, S variables (piece dimensions), with the expressions : X = L/2, Z = S/2, Y = 0.

3. By the lf, hf, sf variables (Face dimensions), with the expressions: X = lf/2, Z = hf/2, Y = 0.

à Note: This is a lateral face of the panel, so the variable "hf" is logically associated to the panel
thickness, therefore it refers to the Z axis direction.

1.7.2 Mathematical Expressions and Operators

In the Parametric Programming, all expressions include the Variables and a set of mathematical
Operators and Functions using, with parenthesis "nesting", considered conforming the usual priority
arithmetical rules.

Expressions allow to correlate the recalled Variables with a set of basic Arithmetical and
Mathematical (Transcendent) Operators and Algebraic and Trigonometric Functions.

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1.7.2.1 Basic Arithmetical Operators

Symbol Operation Syntax

+ Addition 4=r1+r2+r3 or r4=r4+7

- Subtract r5=r4 - r8 or r5=r4 - 3
* Multiply r5=r2*r4 or r5=r4*3
/ Division r6=r5/r2 or r5=r2/7.89

# Integer Part r6=r9\r7 returns the Quotient Integer Part

% Remainder r7=r5%r4 returns the division Remainder
? Step adjust r7=r6%r4 returns Divisor modified in order to produce an
Integer result of the Division
| Logical OR Returns the logical OR of the Integer Part of the Operands
& Logical AND Returns the logical AND of the Integer Part of the Operands

à Note:

1. Division may return a decimal value, according to the operands original values
2. The Integer Part operation realizes a decimals cutting off on the Quotient (result of division), returning an
Integer value, eventually approximated by defect.
3. The Remainder operation provides, if needed, a preventive cutting off of the decimals of the two operands of
the division (then reducing them to an integer numbers), then returns the value of the Remainder.

Examples:

Assuming r2 = 27.15 e r5 = 4.73 as current values for the Numerator and Denominator:

a) Division: r6=r2/r5 r6 assumes the value of 5.7399577..

b) Integer Part: r6=r2\r5 r6 assumes the value of 5

c) Remainder: r6=r2%r 5 preventive Cut off of r2 to 27 and r5 to 4

r6 assumes the value of 3 (27 / 4 = 6 with the Remainder = 3)

1.7.2.2 Mathematical transcendent Operators

The following mathematical transcendent Operators are available:

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Symbol Operation Syntax (Argument cannot be an expression )

abs[..] Absolute r2=abs[r0] Returns the Absolute Value of the Operand

sqr[..] Square Root r4=sqr[L1] Returns the Square Root of the Operand
pow[..] Power r5=pow[L4] Power of 2
int[..] Integer Returns the truncated Integer Part of the Operand
inv[..] Reverse Returns the Reverse (1/x) of the Operand
round[..] Rounding Returns the nearest Integer value
gr[..] Degrees Converts Operand from Radiant to Degrees
odd Odd Returns 1 if the Integer Part of the Operand is Odd (0 if Even)
strlen[$.] Lenght Returns the characters String length

à Note: The "Square root" argument must be a positive number

Examples:

Square Root: r5=sqr[712.25] r5 assumes the value of 26.6880122..

Power of 2: r5=pow[r4] supposing r4 = 4.25, r5 assumes the value of 18.0625

1.7.2.3 Trigonometric Functions

The following Trigonometric Functions are available:

Symbol Operation Syntax (Argument cannot be an expression)

sin[..] Sine r4=sin(r5) o r4=sin(30) argument in [degrees]

cos[..] Cosine r2=cos(r6) o r2=cos(-45) argument in [degrees]
tan[..] Tangent r3=tan(r7) o r3=tan(80) argument in [degrees] (*)
asin[..] Arcsine Reverse function of Arcsine (argument from -1 to 1)
acos[..] Arcocosine Reverse function of Arccosine (argument from -1 to 1)
atan[..] Arctangent Reverse function of Arctangent (returned from 0 to 180°)
à Warning: The "Tangent" function may generate Overflow errors with argument = +/- 90º

Examples:

a) Sine: r4=sin(30) r4 assumes the value of 0.5

b) Cosine: r2=cos(-45) r5 assumes the value of 0.7071067..

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c) Tangent: r3=tan(80) r5 assumes the value of 5.6712818..

1.7.2.4 Special and Technological Functions

These special Functions, normally not available for the Final User, allow a special Macro realizing.

getat[nn;np ] Returns the decimal value of the character np extract from the $nn string

pown[nb;ne] Generic exponent Power (nb = base ; ne = exponent)

hypot[c1;c2] Returns the Hypotenuse, with c1 and c2 as catheti

ifelse[nc;n1;n2] Returns n1 if nc#0 or n2 if nc=0

ifcase[nc1;nesp;nc;n1;n2 ] Evaluates the condition (nc1;nesp;nc2) and returns n1 if True, n2 if

False
case[nc;nc1:nv1:nc2:nv2..] Multiple Test: returns nv# corresponding to the nc# equal to nc
min Minimum between a max of 30 operands
max Maximum between a max of 30 operands
ave Average of max 30 operands
sum Sum of max 30 operands
prface Test for compatibility between Tool and Face
prtool Returns the required parameter, related to the selected Tool
primp Returns the required parameter, related to the Plant
pronegr Returns the required parameter, related to the Group of the Plant
prmac Returns the required parameter, related to the Machine

For more details, please contact the manufacturer .

1.8 Parametric Subroutines

In the panels working, very frequently occurs that similar drilling layouts are recurrently required,
with little differences, for panel with the same typology but different dimensions or customizations.
Very frequently, these drills patterns change according to a repetitive geometrical rules, as defined by
the furniture composition.

According to these general requirements, the Edicad32 programming environment allows to compose
the working programs in terms of aggregations of basic subprograms (named "Subroutines", in the
following), that may be previously created and saved.

In order to be used in the most possible generalized mode, Subroutines may be created in a
"parametric" format: their internal workings structure may be based on a set of re-assignable
variables, that will be defined by the recalling program. For instance, the internal drilling pattern may
be designed as to adapt itself to the panel dimensions, as defined in the main program.

System is structured in very powerful mode, since provides until 5 "nesting" levels of subroutines,
allowing a very complex parametrical rules.

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Then the final User has the possibility to analyze the typical requirements of own panels typology, in
order to identify the most recurrent drilling schematics, in the most elementary form, and to create the
basic subroutine level; then, passing to the following levels, to aggregate this as to obtain the most
complex layout, introducing the parametric rules for composition.

Obviously the "parametric and structured" programming mode allows to simplify the normal
programming phases, when the subroutines set has been prepared, since the current programs will be
reduced to a simple pre-built subprograms aggregating, with auto-adapting rules already defined and
tested, then reducing the programming time and errors.

Edicad32 supposes a structured archives, where executive "main programs" and "subroutines" are
saved in different dedicated subdirectories:

· The Main programs, in the "Product" directory ,

· The subroutines in the "Product \ sub" subdirectory.

No differences exist, between programs or subroutines, concerning the usual programming rules and
modalities: only, a program save in the main directory cannot be recalled as subroutine.

1.8.1 Subroutines recalling functions

Edicad32 supplies two different recalling modes, the SUB0 and the SUB2 functions, which Data
Entry table is showed in the Fig. 8.1.

These two function differs only for the "multiplying" mechanism. This last procedure allows to recall
more times, in contemporary, the same subroutine, changing, with a programmable rule, the
application point:

· by SUB0 : multiplying is realized along a programmed sloped line, where the different
application points are defined by the components (the "Offset X" and "Offset Y" parameters) of
the distance: more a progressive change of depth may be programmed with the "Offset Z"
parameter
· by SUB2 : multiplying is realized on a rectangular pattern , characterized by a programmable
number of "rows" and "columns", and their inter-axes, also indicated as "Offset X" and "Offset
Y".

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Figura 8.1 - Example of a Subroutine recalling on all the 5 faces.

1.8.1.1 Recalling Options: Translating, Rotating and Mirroring

In the subroutines recalling, many manipulation optional commands (will be described in the Part 2 -
Sect. 5 of the present Manual) allow to modify the application logic or the internal pattern as,
synthetically:

· import, in the main program, the complete subroutine or only a "single face" part: then, in the
internal subroutine body provides working on different faces, only the selected face will be
imported and inserted on the current main program face (that may equal or different to the
recalled
· then, according to this last possibility, insert in the main program, working originally programmed
(at level of subroutine) on another face: then, for instance, a particular drilling pattern may be
programmed, in the subroutine, only one time and on the basic face, but recalled more times and
inserted in more different faces of the main panel.
· With a single recalling function, to "repeat" application along a programmable pattern of "knots".
· Translate and/or rotate the subroutine, when inserted
· Hook them to the "current" point (very convenient for milling profiles)
· Mirror the subroutine itself, with an X or Y symmetry operation
· Increase or reduce its internal logical dimension, according to a programmable "Scale factor"
· Recall them, with its internal Variables re-assigning, in order to modify layout and structure
· Force a Logical Condition for recalling, defining a "Comparing relation" based on mathematical
expressions including the main program Variables.

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Fig: 8.2 - The SUB0 recalling function, with repeating

The Fig. 8.2 show the final result of a multiple recalling, on the face 1 of the main program, of a
simple subroutine (named sub1.cnc and including a single Drill): the Repeating Factor (= 2) allows
to add (to the basic recalling), other two, along a sloped straight line, characterized by the following
two Cartesian component of inter-axis: Offset X = 50 mm and Offset Y = 20 mm.

1.8.2 Subroutine Variables re-assigning

A very important feature, in the subroutine recalling mechanism, that allows the using possibilities
increasing, is the possibility to modify its internal parameters, re-assigning them at the recalling
moment.

This mechanism allows to obtain very different final results, according to the specific main program
requirements, as, for instance, to "modulate" all the internal quotes to the current panel dimensions.

This possibility may be more conveniently used if Programmer took care, in the original Subroutine
program, to indicate all the quotes (destined to be modulate by the Main) in terms of mathematical
expressions based on its internal variables (r0 – r299): this logic may be applied to define, for
instance, the most significant geometrical or technological characteristics (positions, inter-axes,
diameters, depths, and so on) of the workings, when supposed to be redefined by the recalling
program. In the subroutine creation, obviously the variables must be defined locally with a default
values, to allow building and graphic representation, but marked with the special "re-assignable"
("wr") code.

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At recalling, Programmer (using the "Rnnn" command-button) will must recall the corresponding
"Variable Data Table" (see the Fig. 8.3) for the "current" parameters re-assigning: this last may be
realized with a direct numerical assigning (as in the example) or using any mathematical expressions
including Main program internal Variables, if initialized.

Figura 8.3 - Subroutine Variables re-assigning, at recalling

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2 Workings Programming

2.1 Drilling workings

2.1.1 Piece Definition and dimensions
This is the first operation required for the piece characterization and will be supposed implicitly also
in the following examples: it allows to configure the piece dimensions and some other auxiliary
information, before to begin the Workings programming.

The characteristic "Piece parameters" recalling is performed clicking, with the mouse, the following
Toolbar button:

Piece parameters

àNote : Thickness always refers to the Z+ axis direction: so the entry movement programming (hole depth, etc)
implies the insertion of negative values.

àNote : The L, H, S variables can be used as parameters in the definition of the working application positions.
So the programming of goups of similar programs becomes more easy and flexible.

2.1.2 DRILL (X,Y,Z) working

This Instruction allows to program a single Hole, on the selected face: in this example, we suppose
the main face of a piece, which dimensions (1000x500x40) are defined in the previous exercise.

When the face has been selected (with the mouse) and visualized in the "Face View", the Drill
working may be inserted clicking the following "Workings toolbar" button:

Drill (x,y,z)

The corresponding Dialog box allows to enter:

· an informative comment,
· the Cartesian X and Y coordinates of the Hole, and the required Zp depth.

In the example, the Hole is programmed exactly in the panel medium; then, in alternative to the direct
numerical programming ( X = 500, Y = 250, Zp = -40) a "parametric mode" (X = L/2, Y = H/2, Zp = -
40 ) may be more conveniently used, making reference to the panel current dimensions.

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à Note : The "Parametric Programming" allows the other general purpose variables using (more than
Dimensions), as showed in the following.

The graphic window will display, at this point, the effective position of the programmed Hole.

à Option: Relative

This option, not used in the example, allows to program the X/Y working quotes in "Incremental"
mode, referred to the "current position", assumed as the immediately previous Working application
quote.

This Option using will be described in the Section 2.2.

à Option : Entry and Exiting Slowing quote

During the entry movement of the tool in the piece, the downing Feed is normally considered fixed
along the path. Nevertheless, overall in the case of "passing" drills, it's possible to program a slowing
down in the initial part (Entry in the piece) or in the final (Exiting from the opposite side), in order to
avoid a piece chipping!

Slowing down is defined, as percentage rate, in the "Technological Parameters" Session ("Working
Feed").

In these two fields, the Entry and Exiting outlines length may be entered: the intermediate outline
will be executed at the standard speed.

Fig. 1.1
Slowing down paths meaning.
The programmed quotes are referred to the
initial (Entry) and final (Exit) paths.
The internal path is executed to the nominal
rate.

à Area: Tools

This area allows to select the drilling Tool or directly (by the Group and Tool Number) or,
implicitly, setting the "Diameter" and "Typology" attributes: in this last case, system will provide to
find (if present) the correct tool for matching.

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à Area: Feed

The Feed values programming is not compulsory: the Tool selection implicitly may recall the
corresponding "Default" values, as defined in the "Tool Parameters" session. Nevertheless, if not
standard values are required, these fields allows the tool "Entry" Feed [m/min] and the Spindle
"Rotation" Speed [rev/min] entering.

2.1.3 Drill Execution with the option "Relative"

In this example, "Relative" Option using is described: we suppose to insert a second Drill, after the
previous (Ex. 1.1), programmed in incremental mode.

In this case, the X,Y quotes will be considered as an "incremental displacement" from the previous.
Then, entering the values:

X = 50, Y = 25,

and clicking the Relative option

the new drill will be positioned at the coordinates:

X = 500+50 = 550 and Y = 250+25 = 275

Now we suppose to require three other holes, positioned as to realize the four vertices of a rectangle
of 100x50 dimensions

Solutions : there are two possibilities ….

A)… the first, to use an "Absolute" programming, then recalling more times the DRILL (x.y.z)
instruction and entering the absolute coordinates [ X=450, Y=275 ] , [ X=450, Y=225], [ X=550,
Y=225 ] and [ X=550, Y=275 ], referred to the panel Origin.

B)…the second, to use the "Relative" programming, starting from the first absolute Drill:

First Drill(x.y.z) at the absolute coordinates X = 450, Y = 275: the following, with the "Relative"
option, with the values: [ X=0, Y=-50 ], [ X=100, Y=0 ] and [ X=0, Y=50 ].

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2.1.4 DRILL in "Polar coordinates"

Allows to program a single Hole using a Polar Reference system: may be convenient, for instance,
to define a set of holes along a circumference, when are to be disposed on different angles (otherwise
is most convenient the special "Drill on Circle" macro-instruction, as described in the Ex. 1.6).

"Polar" programming requires to set the Pole (Origin of the reference), with the absolute Xcenter
and Ycenter quotes, the distance of the Hole ("Module ") and the Angle, referred conforming the
trigonometric standard convention (positive if counterclockwise) , relatively to the X+ direction.

In this example, we consider to insert 4 Drills, in correspondence to the four corners of a square,
centered to the medium of the panel (x = L/2 and y = H/2, where the Pole will be defined) at a
distance of 70mm.

We select the button:

DRILL (polar coordinates

We enter, for the Pole, the values: Xcenter = L/2, Ycenter = H/2, supposing Zp = - 40 mm.
The first Hole will be placed at the Angle = 45° and Module = 70 mm.

The following (with the same Module) will be characterized by the Angle values of : 135° (=
45°+90°), 225° and 315°.

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2.1.5 "Multi-tools Drilling"

Multi-tools Drilling

This instruction allows to program a multiple Drilling, by a direct Tool pattern selection.

In the example, two contiguous Tools (N. 1 and N. 2) are selected, in order to realize an Holes pair
with a distance of 32 mm., as the selected tools pitch. The "Tools" field requires, in this case, a
special syntax with the expression " 1 ; 2 ".

The Drill coordinates, absolute or relative, are to be referred to the first Tool of the list.

In the graphic displaying, all the programmed drills will be presented, according to the effective tools
pattern.

2.1.6 "Repeat X", "Repeat Y", "Repeat XY" macros

These special Macro instructions allows to program a set of Holes, disposed at constant distance,
along the X direction ("Repeat X"), the Y direction ("Repeat Y") or along a generic sloped line
("Repeat XY"). The Holes sequence is programmed by the First and Last hole position and the inter-
axis ("Pitch"), since system will compute automatically the total holes number.

- Repeat X

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54 Genesis Evolution

This function requires: the Xi (initial), the Xf (final), and the Y quotes of the sequence, the Zp depth
and the distance between the holes (Pitch).

- Repeat Y

Similar to the previous, this function requires: the Yi (initial), Yf (final), the X quote of the
sequence, the Zp depth and the distance between the holes (Pitch).

- Repeat XY

To define completely the sequence direction, this function requires: the Initial point (Xi,Yi), the final
point (Xf, Yf), the Zp depth and the Pitch.

In the example, the holes sequence starts from Xi,Yi = [900,450] until to Xf,Yf = [50,25] with a pitch
of 50 mm.

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2.1.7 "Fitting X" and "Fitting Y" Macros

- Fitting X

- Fitting Y

The "Fitting" operation is similar to the Repeat, since allows to program, easily, a set of Drills, at
constant pitch, along the X or Y direction.

In this case, nevertheless, the drill inter-axis is not directly programmed but implicitly defined by the
programmed tool pattern, that must include almost 2 tools.

The tool pattern is required to define a constant inter-axis between the selected spindles i.e. tools =
1;2;3 or tools 2;3;4. More, the selected tools sequence must be aligned compulsory or in the X
direction (for Fitting X) or in Y direction (for Fitting Y).

Normally, with the typical Tools Head layout, only Pitches of 32mm or multiple may be realized.

2.1.8 "Drills on Circle" macro

This operation allows to program a sequence of Drill arranged along a circumference, with constant
angular step.

In this Macro the following parameters must be entered :

- The X,Y quotes of the Center of circumference

- the Number of required drills,
- the starting Angle (referred to the first drill, with the usual counterclockwise convention)
- the circumference Radius.

This macro is selected by the button:

- Drills on Circle

In the example, a set of 12 drills (then with angular sector of 30 degrees) are programmed, on a
circumference with Center X = 500, Y = 250 and radius 100.

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àOption dA° :

In order to cancel this option select Automatic distribution and then OK, now the program put all the
holes almost overlapped; we can observ that with a

zoom of the piece.

Select again Edit and assign to dA° the value 20... then observ what happens !!!

The program distribuited the points along the circumference with an amplitude of 20° between an arc
defined by the point , and another arc.

2.1.9 "Drills on vertices of an inscribed Polygon" Macro

This macro-instruction, similar to the previous, allows to program a set of Drills on the vertices of a
Polygon, inscribed in the programmed circumference. As in the previous case, all the Drills will be
positioned over the circumference.

- Drills on vertices of an inscribed Polygon

The required parameters include:

· the Center of the circumference (i.e. X = 500, Y = 250),
· the drilling Depth (Zp=-10),
· the Number of Drills (Drills =11),
· the initial Angle (= 20 degrees) and
· the circumference Radius (=100).

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 Workings Programming 57

System will place eleven holes building a polygon with eleven sides, inscribed in the circumference.

2.1.10 "Drills on vertices of a circumscribed Polygon" Macro

In this function, the Drills are positioned on the vertices of a circumscribed polygon, then externally
of the circumference.

- Drills on vertices of a circumscribed polygon

The programming rules are the same as the previous case but the drill pattern will be outside the
circumference.

In the following example, we consider a circumscribed Square, with initial Angle = 45 degrees:

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Fig. 1.8 : Drills pattern

Drills will be positioned

outside the programmed
circumference, since the
square sides are tangent to
this last.
In this case: Number = 4 and
Angle = 45.

2.2 Sawing instructions

2.2.1 "Saw X", "Saw Y" and "Saw in degrees"
This group of functions allows to program "sawing" works, along the X direction ("Saw X"), Y
direction ("Saw Y") or along a sloped line ("Saw in degrees")

The first is selected by the button:

Saw X

We consider to program a cut, with length = 300 mm., at the indicated quotes.
In the example, Sawing is set to the quote Y=250, starting from Xi = 300 and ending to Xf = 600,
with 2 steps, the first with depth Zp= -10 and the second with Z2= -15.

Fig.2.1a
Program executes sawing from Pi (300,250) to Pf (600,250)

à Option: Chord correction

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 Workings Programming 59

Programmer must consider that, in the sawing, the effective outline length will be greater than the
programmed Pi-Pf segment, of the quantity, indicated in the figure as (a+b), related to the Saw Radius
and the final Depth.

The "Chord Correction" option allows to recall a special procedure to compute this "extra-quantity"
and, consequently, to modify the Entry (Pi') and the Exit (Pf') points in order to obtain the required
segment length.

à Option: Double Step

Allows to program a second Step, enabling the Z2 field.

Sawing in Y direction is similar to the previous and is based on the same programming rules.

Now, we consider a Sloped Sawing, recalled by the button:

Saw degrees

In this case, the following parameters must be entered:

- Xi (=300) and Yi (=100) quotes of the Initial point

- The Inclination Angle (= 37°), with the usual trigonometric convention
- The Module (= 300), assumed as the total cutting length.

The other parameters (Depth, Options and so on) have the same meaning of the previous cases.

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Fig.2.1b
Sawing starts from (Xi, Yi), with a length of 300 mm and inclination = 37°, as programmed in
the Dialog box.

2.3 Mill Setup and Linear / Circular interpolations

2.3.1 "Mill Setup (x,y,z)" working

- Mill Setup :

This function allows to set the position of the Milling tool in a programmed point of the face, in
order to prepare it for a milling profile, that will be geometrically defined in the following blocs.
Setup is characterized by the Cartesian coordinates of the Initial point (i.e. X = 500, Y = 250) and
by the milling depth (may be changed during the following profile)

- Note : Mill Setup must be always programmed at the beginning of every milling path.

In the following, the different geometric elements, that may be included in the profile, will be
described.

Every geometric element will assume, as Initial point, the final point (indicated as "Current point")
of the immediately previous bloc.

à Option: Relative

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 Workings Programming 61

As usually, enables the "incremental" programming, assuming the programmed quotes values in
incremental mode, referred to the Application point of the previous Working.

à Option: Point Link

May be very convenient, in programming, to prepare a pre-defined milling path, defining them as
"stand alone" but thinking to recall it recurrently, more times, as to be inserted into other profiles. In
this case, this profile may be programmed alone and stored as a Subroutine, but normally it will be
recalled by other programs ("Main") as to be linked to the profile in building, hooking them in
correspondence with the "current" point (the final point of the previous main program bloc, before
recalling).

Then the "Point Hooking" option supplies this mechanism, linking the recalled profile, then erasing
its internal Setup and moving them as to place its initial point in correspondence of the Current.

Fig. 3.1a: In the figure, the first Mill Setup is indicated: at the end of the third line (2°
setup) an external "subroutine" path may be linked with the "Point Link" option.
à Option: Multiple Setup

In programming may occurs that a defined profile must be worked, in sequence, by more different
tools, for instance for "Rough shaping", "Finishing" and "Post forming", without changing in the
geometrical path.

The "Multiple Setup" option allows to avoid a repetitive geometrical definition of the profile,
allowing to define it only one time, and assigning to it a sequence of different Tools Setup.

The first programmed Mill Setup will indicate the first working tool, with the usual set of parameters
and with this Option enabled. All the other Setup will follow immediately, according to the working
sequence: all of these must be characterized by the same X,Y "Application" quotes: in effect, it will
be sufficient to leave empty the corresponding fields and enable the "Point Hooking" option or,
alternatively, to enter Zero quotes and select the "Relative" option. In any case, all the Setup
instructions must be characterized by the "Multiple Setup" option enabled !

After the last Tool Setup, the geometrical elements will follow as usually.

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Fig. 3.1b : In the first figure, the first Setup is programmed with the Multiple Setup option enabled.
In the following two, we can see two different programming modes for the second Setup:
- in the second Table, the Point Link option enabled
- in the third, a nul quotes are entered, with the Relative option enabled.
Concerning the "Technological area" programming and the Tool selection, Programmer is suggested
to make reference to the Sect. 1.5 , of the present Manual.

2.3.2 "Mill Setup" (polar coordinates)

- Mill Setup(polar coordinates ) :

Similar to the Mill Setup (x,y,z), this instruction allows to program the Setup point with a Polar
Reference System using, as already described in the Ex. 1.3 (Drill (polar coordinates)

In the table, the following parameters are required:

- the Xcenter and Ycenter quotes, referred to the Pole position

- the Inclination Angle and the vector Module
- the Zp depth

In the present example, Setup is positioned at the coordinates:

X = Xcenter + Module*Cos60° = 500 + 100*0.5 = 550

Y = Ycenter + Module*Sin60° = 250 + 100*0.866 = 336.6..

Fig. 3.2 :
Program defines the Setup point in "polar" mode, with the "P" point
characterized by a Module =100 mm, Angle = 60° from a Pole "O" = (500,250)

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2.3.3 "Oriented Mill" Setup

- Oriented Mill Setup :

This function allows to define the initial position, in the space, of a Rotating Tool, using the primary
rotation Alfa axis (referred to the vertical axis) and the secondary branding Beta axis (placed on the
XZ plane when Alfa=0).

The Setup point may be programmed in Cartesian or Polar modes, using the following two different
macro-instructions:

a) Cartesian Programming b) Polar Programming

The Setup point is defined by the X and Y quotes The Setup point is defined by the Pole position
(in Absolute or Relative mode), referred to the (XCenter, YCenter), the Module and the Angle.
selected working face. Zp indicates the initial Zp assumes the usual depth meaning.
Depth.
Note: For a detailed description about the sloped faces programming rules, Reader is suggested to
make reference to the Sect. 2.3.25

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2.3.4 Linear milling - "L01 (X,Y,Z )"

This function allows to program a Linear milling, starting from the current point, until the
programmed final point.

We suppose a Mill Setup programmed at the quotes X = 100, Y = 100, Zp = -10, and we select:

- L01 (X,Y,Z )

In this example, we enter the Final point quotes (absolute) Xf = 500,Yf = 100, Zp = -10:

Program will display the mill path, until the programmed point.

Fig. 3.4a : Linear milling on the face 1.

For demonstrative purpose, Programmer is suggested to build a rectangle, with dimensions 400*200,
using the relative modality, until to obtain the result showed in the Fig. 3.4b

Fig. 3.4b : this rectangle has been built

with five steps: the Mill Setup, a first
Linear in absolute coordinates
followed by three Linear in relative
programming.
Programmer must remember that, in
relative mode, the reference point is
the final point of the previous bloc.

Solution : the relative coordinates of the following Linear bloc will be:

- first milling: Xf = 0, Yf = 200,

- second milling: Xf = -400, Yf = 0,
- third milling: Xf = 0, Yf = -200.

à Field: Working Feed

It allows, if required, to modify the working Feed for this bloc, changing the original value defined
in the Setup or in the previous blocs.

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 Workings Programming 65

2.3.5 Linear milling - "L02 (pole,A,U)"

In this function, similar to the "L01 (X,Y,Z)", the Final point is programmed with a Polar Reference
system, then with the usual rules including the Pole, Angle and Module defining.

- L02 (pole,A,U)

The following parameters are required:

- Pole coordinates : X center = 300, Y center = 100

- Milling Depth : Zp = -10 (optional, if equal to the previous bloc depth)
- Module = 150,
- Angle = 135.

- Note : the Pole coordinates may be programmed in Absolute or Relative mode:

Fig. 3.5a :
In the figure, the final point of the segment is programmed with Polar reference and the following
parameters:

· Center (Pole) = (400,200),

· Module = 150
· Angle =135°

For demonstrative purpose, we can see what happens if we change, maintaining the Pole in a fixed
position, the Module or the Angle of the Polar reference.

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 66 Genesis Evolution

Changing the Angle, the Final point will move according the Fig. 3.5b

Fig. 3.5b
Changing the Angle, the Final point
will move along the indicated arc of
circumference, centered to the Pole

If the Module is changed, the Final point moves according to the Fig. 3.5.c

Fig. 3.5c :
Changing the Module, the Final Point
will move along the vector defined by
the angle.

2.3.6 Linear milling - "L03 (A,U)"

L03 (A,U)

This function is similar to the " L02", but implicitly assumes the Pole on the "current" point, then on
starting point of the segment.

Then, in this case, the Pole coordinates are not required.

Fig. 3.6

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 Workings Programming 67

The milling segment is defined by the Module (=150mm) and by the Angle (=45).

2.3.7 Linear milling - "L04 (polo,A,X)"

Similar to the L02, in this case the Final point is defined by the Pole, the Angle and by the effective
Xf coordinate.

- L04 (pole,A,X)

In the example, the following values have been programmed:

- X center = 200,Y center = 100,

- Zp = -10,
- Xf = 300, angle = 60°.

The effective position of the Final point will be : Xf = 300 (programmed) and Yf = 273.20

Note: Similar to the present, the " L05 (Pole, A, Y)" function requires, for the Final point
definition, the effective Yf quote.

2.3.8 Linear millings - "L06 (A,X)" and "L07 (A,Y) "

They are similar to the " L04", for the Final point definition, but assume implicitly the Pole
coincident to the "current" point (Starting point of the segment).

In the example, we recall the function:

- L06(A,X)

with the following values: Zp = -10, Xf = 250, Angle = 60

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 68 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 3.8 :
The Final point will be computed at the quotes :
Xf = 250 (programmed) and Yf = 359.80 (computed).

2.3.9 Linear milling - "L08 (Z,tangent)"

This function allows to program a segment, with programmed length, assuming implicitly, as
direction, the tangent exiting from the previous bloc.

In the example, we suppose has been programmed a Mill Setup (at the coordinates X=100, Y=100
and Zp=-10 and, after, a Arc "A04 (Arc by 3 points)" function, as showed in the figure:

Selecting

- L08 (Z,tangent)

we must enter the only "Module" parameter, then the segment required length.

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 Workings Programming 69

Fig. 3.9
Program generates the new segment with Tangent continuity respect to the previous arc, with the
programmed length.

à Note: The Zp field allows to modify Depth, on the final point, respect to the starting value. Then
the Tangent continuity must be considered only related to the XY plane projection of the segment.

à Note: Similar to the present, the "Linear L09 (module)" function do not admit a change of
Depth: consequently the Zp field is missing.

2.3.10 Linear milling - "L10 (closure)"

This function allows to close a profile, forcing a linear segment from the current point to the Setup
point

No geometrical parameter is required (eventually only the Feed).

- L10 (closure) :

The working Data Table includes :

2.3.11 Linear milling - "L12 (Tginiz (P1,P2 o A), U, Z)"

This function is similar to the "L08", since allows to program a linear milling defining the tangent: in
this case, nevertheless, this last is not assumed from the previous bloc, but is expressly programmed,
or directly, by the "A" Angle or, implicitly, by a point pair [P1 and P2], for a direction definition.

à Note: This programming mode, for the Tangent definition (A or P1-P2) will be also used in the
following, in the set of "Arc" functions.

In the example, we select the function:

- L12 (Tginiz (P1,P2 o A), U, Z)

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 70 Genesis Evolution

where we can see the different Tangent programming mode:

- In the first case, Tangent is defined by the point pair P1 (100,100) and (300,300), forcing an
inclination of 45°.
- In the second, these fields are ignored, with a direct "Angle" programming (= 45).

The final result is the same: when direction is defined, the milling segment is completely
characterized by its length (=Module).

Fig. 3.11a : Example of the L12 Fig. 3.11b : In this case, the segment Fig. 3.11c : In this case, the
function Table direction is defined by the points pair segment direction is defined by
P1-P2 direct Angle entering.

Fig. 3.11d :Programmer must take in account the

correct P1 – P2 sequence.
If the two points are reversed, system will assume an
opposite direction for the segment, then executing
the segment "b", opposite to the original "a"
segment (with +45°)

2.3.12 Arc "A01 (center) on plane XY"

This function allows to define a circular arc to connect the current point (initial point) to a Final
programmed point. The A01 Function defines the arc with its Center direct assigning.

In the example, we suppose that the Mill Setup (x,y,z) has been programmed in the medium of the
panel (à Ex. 3.0). Then selecting:

- A01 (center) on plane XY

the following parameters must be entered:

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 Workings Programming 71

- the Xf and Yf values for the Final point of the arc (in Absolute or in Relative).
- the Zp depth,
- the coordinates of the Center (Xcenter, Ycenter), always assumed in incremental mode
respect to initial point (current point)
- the moving sense (Clockwise / Counterclockwise) of the arc

Fig. 3.12 : 1) Mill Setup: (l/2,h/2);

2) Final point Xf, Yf (600,250)
3) Center of the arc: (550,250)

Taking in account of the position of the initial point, in this case assumed on the Setup (X1=500,
Y1=250), program realizes an Arc with Radius = 50 mm and Center on the point (Xc=500+50=550
and Yc=250+0=250).
The Final point coordinates, programmed in Relative, will result Xf=500+100=600 and
Yf=250+0=250.

à Note: This programming mode, assigning all the four values (2 for the Center and 2 for the Final
point) will result, in general, "hyperstatic", in the sense that incorrect values may cause situations with
geometrical incompatibility, then causing "Programming Error" messages.

à Note: the A01 function indicates an Arc on the plane XY. Similar functions (the arc A05 and the
A06) define, with similar rules, a circular arc in the other XZ and YZ planes.

- A05 (center) plane XZ

- A06 (center) plane YZ

2.3.13 Arc "A04 (three points) plane XY"

In this function the Arc is defined by its Initial (implicit), Final and by an Intermediate point, must not
be aligned to the other two.

As usually, the initial point is assumed on the current point.

As example, we consider as current point the Final point of the previous instruction. We select:

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 72 Genesis Evolution

- A04 (three points) in

XY
Arc is generated with the following values (Initial point :X=600, Y=250):

- Final point (in Relative): Xf=100, Yf=0 (then, in absolute X=600+100=700, Y=250+0=250)
- Internal Point (in Relative): X1=50, Y1=100 (then, in absolute X=600+50=650,
Y=250+100=350)

Fig. 3.13 :
Initial point = Pi (600,250);
Final point = Pf (700,250);
Third point = P1
(650,350);

à Note: When the intermediate point position is defined, system computes automatically the
moving sense on the arc, as to include this programmed point.

à Note: Similar to the A04 function, the following two allows to realize the same operation on the
other two planes (XZ and YZ).

- A07 (3 points) plane XZ

- A08 (3 points) plane YZ

2.3.14 "A11 (radius, smaller arc) on plane XY"

With this function, the Arc is defined by its Initial point (implicit), the Final point and by the Radius:
between the two possible geometrical solutions, automatically is assumed the corresponding to the
smaller length Arc (viewed by the Center under an angle less than 180 degrees).

- A11 (radius, smaller arc) on plane XY

we suppose the initial point on the Setup (500,250). Entering:

- Xf = +100,
- Yf = +10 (in Relative)
- Depth Zp=-10
- Radius = 70

we obtain the following result:

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 Workings Programming 73

Fig. 3.14a :
1) Initial point P1=
500,250
2) Final point P2=600,260
3) Radius of the arc = 70

à Note: The Clockwise/Counterclockwise sense of the arc may be also available. The Center choice
(between the two possible) is, on the contrary, forced when the "smaller length" condition has been
selected.

à Note: Similar to the present, the function "A12 (radius, greater arc) on plane XY" allows to
select the greater length arc.

- A12 (radius, greater arc) on plane XY

Fig. 3.14b :
Arc is built with the same
Radius and Final point of the
previous case: the greater Arc
option causes a different Center
choice.

à Note: As showed, a total of four different arcs may connect the points 1 and 2, with imposed
radius: 2 clockwise (Greater and Smaller) and other two counterclockwise.

2.3.15 Arc "A13 (center and final angle) on plane XY"

In this function Arc is defined by its Initial point, the Center (programmed) and by the Final point,
implicitly determined by the viewing Angle (respect to the Center).

A13 (center and final angle) on plane XY

Programming requires then the Zp depth, the Center coordinates, the viewing Angle and the moving
sense (CW or CCW).

- Note : The Xcenter, Ycenter quotes are always considered as incremental respect to the current
point: the "Relative" option is referred only to the Zp parameter.

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 74 Genesis Evolution

In the example, the following values are entered:

- X center = +100,
- Y center = +100
- Angle = 90,
- Sense: Clockwise

Fig. 3.15 :
Program introduces an Arc,
with Center (600,350), until
to the Final point [X=600,
Y=491.42].

à Note: System computes automatically the effective coordinates of the Center (Xc= 500+100=600,
Yc= 250+100=350), the Radius (R= 141.42), then obtaining the Final point coordinates:

Xf = Xc + R*cos(90) = 600 + 0 = 600

Yf = Yc + R*sin(90) = 350 + 141.42 = 491.42

2.3.16 Arc "A15 (entry tangent) on plane XY"

This function allows to realize an Arc only programming the Final point, since assumes, by default,
that the Entry tangent is equal the tangent exiting from the previous bloc (arc or segment).

We select:
- A15 (entry tangent) on plane XY

and we suppose that the previous bloc should be an horizontal segment, with Final point (Point Pi) at
the quotes: 200,200. The Entry tangent, forced by the previous bloc, will assume Angle = 0.

In the example, with the entered values, the Final point is computed at the quotes:

Xf = Xi + 100 = 200 + 100 = 300

Yf = Yi + 100 = 200 + 100 = 300

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 Workings Programming 75

Fig.3.16 :
1) Initial point Pi supposed at the
quotes (200,200)
2) Final point Pf computed at the
coordinates (300,300)

2.3.17 Arc "A16 ( initial tangent, final point) on plane XY"

This function is similar to the " A15": nevertheless, in this case, the initial tangent of the arc is not
forced by the previous bloc but directly programmed, as usually, with the two alternative modalities:

1) with the points pair P1(x1,y2) and P2(x2,y2), defining an oriented segment, or
2) by the Angle.

à Note: The P1 and P2 points may be any and, in particular, the P1 is not compulsory coincident with the Initial
point of the Arc.

Example: we select:
- A16 (initial tangent, final point) on plane XY

entering the following values:

- for the Final point: Xf=300, Yf=150 (programmed in Absolute)
- defining the P1 (X1,Y1) and P2 (X2,Y2) points, forcing, in this case, a direction = 45°.

Fig. 3.17 : Arc begins (in the

figure the initial point
coincides with the point 2,
but this is not compulsory)
with Initial tangent defined
by the P1-P2 segment and
ends on the programmed
Final point (point Pf).

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 76 Genesis Evolution

2.3.18 Arc "A17 (exit tangent) on plane XY"

This Function allows the Arc building with opposite logic of the " A16": Arc begins, as usually, from
the current point, and is characterized by a programmed Final point (Xf, Yf) and by the Exit Tangent,
where direction is programmed by the P3(x3,y3) and P4(x4,y4) pair or, directly, by the final Angle.

- A17 (exit tangent) on plane XY

Now, entering the following coordinates:

- final point: Xf = 350, Yf = 300,

- P3 point : X3 = 350, Y3 = 300, (coincident with Pf, but not compulsory)
- P4 point : X4 = 400, Y4 = 400

Fig. 3.18 :
Exit direction is
forced by the
P3(350,300)-
P4(400,400)
segment.

2.3.19 Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2 (C1,C2)"

The "Double Arc" functions allows, as showed also in the following examples, to program, in very
easy mode, two consecutive arcs with continuity (or opposite) of tangent in the intersection point.
The second arc may be programmed with the same or opposite sense (CW or CCW).
Normally, conforming to the programmed parameters, system try to impose the tangent continuity or,
if impossible, to select an opposite direction (180 degrees).
If inconsistent data are entered, a "Programming Error" message will be generated.

We consider the first function "Double Arc by Centers":

- Arc1-Arc2 (C1,C2)

The following parameters are required :

- the C1 center of the first arc, [ X center, Y center ].

- the final point of the second arc, [ Xf, Yf ].
- the C2 center of the second arc (assumed in relative respect to the final point), [ X center, Y center ].

We suppose a Mill Setup positioned at the coordinates (100,100,0), then we enter the following

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 Workings Programming 77

values:

- Quote arc1 : X center = 50, Y center = 0;

- Quote arc2 : X center = -50, Y center = 0; Xf = 300, Yf = 100; Counterclockwise = OFF

Fig. 3.19a : C1 Center is assumed relative to the Initial point,

C2 Center is assumed relative to the Final point Xf,Yf.

Available options:
1) Counterclockwise (for Arc1) : allows to select the Clockwise/Counterclockwise sense of the
first arc
2) Concordant sense (for Arc2) : allows to select a Concordant or Opposite sense for the second

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 78 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 3.19b : Options: Counterclockwise

/ Not Concordant

Fig. 3.19c : Options: Clockwise /

Concordant

Fig. 3.19d : Options: Counterclockwise

/ Concordant

2.3.20 Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2 (C1,R2)"

Similar to the Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2 (C1,C2) ": the second arc is defined by its Radius R2.

Then are required:

- the C1 Center of the first arc, X center, Y center;
- the final point of the second arc, Xf, Yf;
- the Radius R2 of the second arc;

Assuming the Setup at the quotes (100,100,0), we select:

- Arc1-Arc2 (C1,R2)

entering the following parameters:

- Quote arc1 : X center = 50, X center = 0 , selection Counterclockwise = OFF

- Quote arc2 : Radius = 50, Xf = 300, Tf = 100, Zp = -10 , Option : Sense concordant: NOT

T.P.A. S.p.A.
 Workings Programming 79

Fig. 3.20 : In the arc computing, the R2 radius substitutes the C2 center, that is derived
automatically

2.3.21 Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2 (R1,C2)"

Opposite to the previous, in this function the double arc is defined by the Radius (R1) of the first arc
and the Center (C2) of the second.

Then, the required parameters are:

- the Center of the second arc, X center, Y center;

- the Final point of the second arc, Xf, Yf;
- the Radius R1 of the first arc;

Assuming a Setup position at the positions (100,100,0), we select

- Arc1-Arc2 (R1,C2)

entering the showed values for parameters (note Sense Not Concordant).

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 80 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 3.21 : In this case the Center of the arc1 is computed on the base of the radius R1. The
programming rules are similar to the previous cases.

2.3.22 Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2 (C1, exiting tangent)"

In this function the double arc is computed on the base of the Final point (Pf), the center (C1) of the
first arc and the direction of the exiting tangent, for the second.

As usually, the exiting Tangent may be programmed directly, by the Angle, or implicitly, by the P3-
P4 pair.

Assuming the Setup at the coordinates (100,100,-10), we select

- Arc1-Arc2 (C1, exiting tangent)

entering the following values for the parameters:

- Quotes arc 1 : X center = 50, Y center = 0 ( Clockwise);

- Quotes arc 2 : Xf = 300, Yf = 100, Zp = -10 (in Absolute);
- Angle = 45°

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 Workings Programming 81

Fig. 3.22a
In this case, the exiting direction is
programmed, directly, by the final Angle (=
45 degrees)

The other figures show the Double Arc

modification, when the final Angle is
programmed with different values (60 and
90 degrees).
à Note: Programming by the P3-P4 points pair.

We can see, in alternative, the exiting direction programmed by the P3-P4 segment, that forces a 45°
angle:

-X3 = 50, Y3 = 50;

-X4 = 100, Y4 = 100;

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 82 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 3.22b:
In the following example, new values
for the segment [P3=(50,50) -
P4=(100,300)], will define a new angle
of 78.69°.

2.3.23 Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2 (Entry tangent, C2)"

In this function, opposite to the Arc1-Arc2 (C1, exiting tangent) , the Tangent is forced on the initial
point, as usually by the Angle or by the P1-P2 points pair. The second arc is defined by the final point
Pf and the Center C2.

Assuming the Setup at the coordinates (100,100,-10), we select

Arc1-Arc2 (entry tangent, C2)

and we enter the following parameters:

- X center = 0, Y center = -100 (coordinates are assumed in Relative respect to the Final point);
- Xf = 400, Yf = 300, Zp = -10
- Sense: Counterclockwise
- Angle = 70

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 Workings Programming 83

Fig. 3.23 : In the figure we see that the first Arc is programmed in CCW sense: with the
Option "Automatic" system reverses the sense for the second, in order to maintain the
Tangence continuity.

2.3.24 Double Arc "Arc1-Arc2 (Entry tangent, exit tangent)"

This function allows to program a Double Arc forcing the Entry (for the first) and the Exiting (for the
second) Tangents.

Everyone of the two angles may be programmed or directly (Angle) or by the points pair: (P1-P2 for
the first, P3-P4 for the second).

Assuming the Setup at the coordinates (100,100,-10), we select

- Arc1-Arc2 (entry tangent, exiting tangent)

entering the following values:

- Arc 1 : Radius = 50 (sense = Clockwise);

- Arc 2 : Xf = 400, Yf = 100 (sense = Counterclockwise);
- Initial Angle = 90;
- Final Angle = 45;

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 84 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 3.24a :
The first arc is programmed with clockwise sense, the second with counterclockwise sense

2.3.25 Programming on sloped planes ("Oriented Mill Setup")

Making reference to the " Oriented Mill Setup" Macro-instructions, in this section the most important
programming rules, concerning Workings using Rotating Tools, are described. In these operations we
suppose that Tools are mounted on rotating heads, with the following movements capabilities:
Rotation along the "Alfa" axis (primary rotating axis, oriented as Z) or Branding along the "Beta" axis
(secondary rotating axis, assumed oriented as Y when Alfa=0) or together.

Workings with rotating tools may be programmed or on the basic panel faces or on a sloped
"fictitious" faces, programmed as described in Vol. 2 – Part 1 – Par. 2.1.4.

Since usually, in this second case, tool must be oriented "perpendicular" to the face itself (then
following the "local Z" direction, as showed in the Fig. 3.25), system will propose automatically,
when Setup is recalled, the corresponding values for:

· Alfa angle and

· Beta angle

as to assure perpendicularity to the face.

Programmer may modify these values, forcing a different tool direction, if required.

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 Workings Programming 85

Fig. 3.25 - Oriented Mill Setup, on the Face 1 or on a sloped Face

Notice: Programmer must remember that, for the fictitious faces, system will assume, as
programming Reference System, the following Cartesian group of axes:

· Origin : in the P0 point (the first programmed point, used for the face definition)
· X Axis: in the P0 – P1 direction
· Z Axis: Right Normal according to the counterclockwise sequence: P0 – P1 – P2
· Y Axis: Perpendicular to the previous two axes (see also Vol.2 – Part 1 – Par. 2.1.4)

Alfa angle: Convention positive if counterclockwise, with Alfa=0 when Tool has direction as X+

Beta angle: Local convention on the Branding plane: Beta=0 when the tool has a vertical (Z-)
direction and Beta=90 when disposed horizontally.

Optional programming parameters for the "Oriented Mill Setup"

a) Others

à Field: Point Hooking

Assumes the usual meaning, as previously described (see also Ex. 3.1 page 3.1).

à Field: Multiple Setup

Assumes the usual meaning, as previously described (see also Ex. 3.1 page 3.2)

à Field: Interpolation 4° axis

Available only in the Cartesian Reference, allows to program (on the face 1) Contouring workings
where the tool is constantly rotated (along the "Alfa" axis) in order to maintain itself always
"perpendicular" to the profile trajectory.

b) Feed

à Field: Entry Feed

Assumes the usual meaning of the Tool "Entry speed", in the Z- direction.

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86 Genesis Evolution

à Field: Inserted Rounding feed

Allows to force a slowing down, reducing feed in correspondence of the automatically inserted
Roundings, where typically the trajectory is characterized by a lower curvature radius.

à Field: Spindle rev/min

Assumes the usual meaning of Tool Rotating speed , in [rev/min].

c) Tools

à Field: Group

Assumes the usual meaning of Group selection.

à Field: Tool 1

Assumes the usual meaning of "First Tool" selection.

à Field: Tool 2

Assumes the usual meaning of the eventual second Tool selection.

Assume l'usuale significato di selezione dell'eventuale secondo Utensile di lavorazione.

d) Mill Radius

à Field: Mill radius value

Allows to enter, locally, the Mill Radius Correction value, if different from the selected tool radius.

à Field: Mill Radius Correction

Allows to select between the modes: None – Left – Right.

[ ] Progressive Mill Radius Correction start-up

With this option, Programmer may select a progressive mill radius correction: in this case, the Setup
point is not corrected, since correction will be applied only on the following point (then the final point
of the first geometric element): then the trajectory will cause a progressive correction application.

[ ] Progressive Mill Radius Correction closing

Similar to the previous, is referred to the end of profile: the mill radius correction is removed from
the last profile point, also in this case causing a particular trajectory between penultimate and final
point.

e) M Fields

These Options allows to enter a required values for the M1, M2 and M3 variables, used in the PLC
procedures.

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 Workings Programming 87

2.4 Macro
2.4.1 "Circle (center)" macro
This Macro allows to program a complete circle, starting from the Current point, only with the Center
and rotation Sense defining.

Fig. 4.1
Center, in this function, is always assumed in Relative mode respect to the Initial point

Assuming the Mill Setup in the same position of the Ex. 3.0, we select:
Circle(center)

The following parameters are required:

· Center coordinates : X center and Y center, (assumed in Relative mode).

· Depth: Zp
· Sense: CW or CCW

Execution performs a complete circle, returning to the initial point.

2.4.2 "Circle (three points)" macro

Similar to the "Circle (center) ", with this function the circumference is defined by 3 points (not
aligned).

Using the same Setup, we select:

- Circle(three points)

In the Parameters Table, the two other points P1 (X1,Y1) and P2 (X2,Y2) are required: the first point
is assumed on the current.

In the example, the following values are entered :

· X1 = 50, Y1 = 100,
· X2 = 100, Y2 = 50 (in Relative)
· Zp = -10

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 88 Genesis Evolution

Fig. 4.2
Initial point: (100,100)
P1 = (150,200)
P2 = (200,150)
Note: In this case, the moving sense (CW or CCW) is automatically deduced by the system,
according to P1 and P2 sequence.

2.4.3 "Oval" Macro

This function allows to build a special profile, realized as an approximate Ellipsis: approximation is
performed with 4 different arcs, symmetrically disposed respect to the Center, with the same radius
for the opposite arcs. The minimum radius Arc (near to the Focus) is directly programmed whereas
the greater arc is automatically computed, on the base of the programmed axes.
Setup is automatically assumed in the lower position, as showed in the Fig. 4.3

Selecting the Macro :

- Oval

the following parameters are required:

· Center position: X center = 300, Y center = 200,

· Depth: Zp = -10,
· Semi-axes length : X-axis = 300, Y-axis = 120,
· Radius of the minimum arc : R = 59.

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 Workings Programming 89

Fig. 4.3a
In the figure, the R radius defines the smaller arc. The larger arc radius R? is
automatically computed by the system.
The Setup position is assumed by default.

à Option: Relative

With the usual meaning, is referred only to the Center programming.

à Option: Counterclockwise

Defines the rotating sense for working (may be affected by following mirroring operations).

à Option: Oval portion

Allows to select if execution must include the complete oval profile, or ½ (Half oval, from Setup to
the diametrically opposite point) or ¼ (only a quadrant).

à Option: Entry arc

allows to move the Setup, adding an entry semi-circular path (tangent to the original initial point),
where the Radius may be programmed [Entry Radius], as showed in the fig. 4.3b.

à Option: Exiting Arc

Similar to the previous (with the same Radius), but for exiting.

In the example of the fig. 4.3b, Oval is programmed complete, with an Entry arc with radius = 20
mm.

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Fig. 4.3b: With the Entry Arc option, program moves the original Setup point in the new Setup'
position, according to the Entry radius.

à Option: Mirror X

Reverses the path with an horizontal symmetry, then also reversing the original moving sense, as
showed in the fig. 4.3c.

Fig. 4.3c: Mirror X option.

à Option. Mirror Y

Vertical mirroring, as showed in fig. 4.3d. Also in this case, the vertical symmetry causes a sense
reversing.

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Fig. 4.3d: Mirror Y option.

2.4.4 "Ellipsis X" (Ellipsis Y) macro

This function allows to build a more precise Ellipsis since this geometrical function is approximate by
a large number of arcs (programmable). Ellipsis is completely defined by its Center and by the two
Semi-axes:
· Axis 1 in X direction and
· Axis 2, in Y direction.

Note : As in the previous case, the Ellipsis may be rotated in the XY plane, with a programmable
Angle parameter: in effect, the Ellipse Y (where the larger semi-axis is disposed in Y direction) may
be considered as an Ellipsis X with a rotating Angle = 90°

Selecting the macro :

- Ellipsis X

the following parameters must be entered:

1) Center position: X center = l/2, Y center = h/2,

2) Depth : Zp = -10,
3) Dimensions: Axis 1 = 200, Axis 2 = 80,
4) Approximating : Number of arcs = 10 (warning: this value is referred to a single quadrant,
equivalent to ¼ of the complete ellipsis!).
5) Rotation : Angle = …

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Fig. 4.4: Precision of the ellipsis rebuilding is improuved increasing the Number of the arcs.
à Options:

The available Options have the same meaning as in the "Oval" macro.

à Macro: "Ellipsis Y"

Similar to the present, simply assumes the larger Axis in Y direction (then is equivalent to an Ellipsis
X rotated of 90 degrees).

2.4.5 "Polygon inscribed in a Circle" macro

This macro allows to build a milling profile including a regular polygon, inscribed in the
programmed circumference. The sides number is also programmable.

Setup is automatically assumed on the first vertex of the polygon (defined by the initial Angle).

Selecting:
-Polygon inscribed in a Circle

the following parameters must be entered:

1) Circumference Center : X center = l/2, Y center = h/2,

2) Depth : Zp = -10,
3) Radius of the circumference : Radius = 150
4) Number of sides : Sides = 6 ,
5) First vertex Angle (=Setup) : Angle = 0,

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 Workings Programming 93

Fig. 4.5: Il valore zero dell'inclinazione è riferito al punto di Setup; modificando tale angolo il
poligono ruoterà in senso antiorario. Tutti i vertici del poligono ricadono sulla circonferenza
programmata
· Option: Relative

Is referred only to the circumference Center programming.

· Option: Counterclockwise

Is referred to the moving sense, during execution.

· Option: Point hooking

Is referred, as usually, to the Setup: polygon may be hooked to the previous profile.

2.4.6 "Polygon circumscribed to a Circle" macro

The Polygon is circumscribed to the programmed circumference, then its sides are tangent on the
contact point

Selecting:

- Polygon circumscribed to a Circle

we find the same parameters and the programming rules and Options of the case
"Polygon inscribed in a Circle ".

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2.4.7 "Fillet" macro

This function allows to introduce a fillet on a programmed corner, defining only the Radius. System
computes automatically the intersection points as to maintain continuity of Tangent.

The macro is selected by the button:

- Rounding:

Programming requires to define the "theoretical" corner position and characteristic and the entry and
exiting sides: the smoothing round is characterized by the Radius.

The entry segment is defined by the current (initial) point and the Corner, the second segment by the
corner and the programmed P4 point.

à Note: In alternative to the P4 point, the exit segment direction may be directly programmed by the
"Final Angle" value.

Then, the parameters to be programmed are:

1) Corner position : X corner = .. Y corner = ..

2) Point P4: X4 = .., Y4 = .. ( or Final Angle = .. )
3) Radius of rounding : Radius = ..

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Fig. 4.7: The arc intersection points (indicated as ? ) are automatically computed, to maintain
continuity of tangence

2.4.8 "Beveling" macro

This function allows to introduce a linear Beveling on a programmed corner.

Corner is programmed with the same rules as the "Corner Rounding" function.

Beveling is recalled with the button:

Beveling

Beveling is a segment that cuts the programmed corner, connecting two points, internal to the entry
and exiting segment, at a programmed distance from the corner itself.

If we enter the following values in the Parameters Table:

1. X corner = l, Y corner = h,
2. X4 = l-100, Y4 = h,
3. Beveling length = 100

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Fig. 4.8: The intersection points (marked by ? ) are automatically computed by the system.

Also in this case, the exiting segment may be defined by the "Final Angle.

2.5 Subroutines
2.5.1 Subroutine "sub1.cnc" programming
In this paragraph we can see the Subroutine mechanisms for creating and storing, before to analyze
the different recalling methods.

In the following, the different recalling functions and the Subroutine application rules will be
described.

The present example will describe the Subroutine creation: when completed, any Subroutine must be
saved in a dedicated Sub-Directory, normally named Product\Sub. In this case, the subroutine is
very simple, since includes a single Drill, programmed on the Face 1, and will be saved with name
sub1.cnc.

This subroutine will be programmed in "Parametric" mode, using the following Variables:

· Drill X quote = parameter r0

· Drill Y quote = parameter r1
· Depth = -10 (fixed)
· Diameter = 20 (fixed)

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Fig. 5.1a : Subroutine "sub1" : Programming Table for DRILL (X,Y,Z)

The default values for the internal Variables may be assigned in a dedicated Data Table (showed in
the Fig. 5.1b), may be accessed clicking the corresponding button of the Tool Bar (see also Button (1)
indicated in the Fig. 5.6 - Appendix 2).

In this case, the same value (then r0=100, r1=100) assigned to the two Variables.

Since these internal variables are supposed to be modified by the recalling main program, it must be
marked as "re-assignable", selecting the [x] status in the "wr" column.

The variables r0 and r1, programmed in this example, are used to code the application quotes of the
drill: consequently may support signed and fractional values, then in the "Format" filed, the
"FLOAT" typology must be selected.

In the $Value field the assigned value is yet presented, in "string" format while in the "Description"
field Programmer may enter a general purpose string ("comment") to indicate, for instance, the
logical meaning of the used variables.

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Fig. 5.1b - Variables Data Table for the Subroutine "sub1.cnc"

2.5.2 Subroutine "sub2.cnc" programming

This new example describes a new other subroutine programming: this new (will name "sub2.cnc")
includes a single Drill, programmed on the face 4, where also the Diameter has been entered in
parametric mode, then:

· X quote = parameter r0
· Y quote = parameter r1
· Diameter = parameter r2

The following figures show the programming environment for the subroutine "sub2" (Fig. 5.2a) and
the corresponding Variables Data Table assigning (Fig. 5.2b).

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 Workings Programming 99

Fig. 5.2a - Subroutine "sub2.cnc".

Fig. 5.2b - Variables Data Table assigning for "sub2.cnc" .

2.5.3 Subroutine recall with the "SUB0" instruction

We can see now, in this example, the subroutines recalling methods, during main program creating.

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The recalling mechanism is based on two different functions, the "SUB0" and "SUB2" instructions
that may be selected by the corresponding buttons of the Workings Palette (indicated in the area (3) of
the Fig. 5.6 - Appendix 2).

We remember that these two functions are similar, only changing the "Multiplying" mechanism:

· SUB0 : multiplying mechanism occurs along a sloped line, and the inter-axis between the
application points is defined by the "Offset X" and "Offset Y" parameters (more, a progressive
change of depth may be introduced by the "Offset Z" value)

· SUB2 : multiplying is realized on a reticular pattern, defined by the "rows" and "columns"
numbers and by the corresponding inter-axis (yet named Offset X and Offset Y)

Fig 5.3a- ISubroutine "sub1.cnc" multiple recalling by the SUB0 function

In this example the SUB0 function is used for "sub1.cnc" recalling.

With reference to the Fig. 5.3, we can see the most important rules for the different fields
programming and the options selecting.

à Field : Subroutine Name

Allows to select the required subroutine, by direct entering or by List box selection

à Option: Logical Group 1

Not used in this example, allows to define a Logical condition to enable (if TRUE) or not (if
FALSE) the subroutine recall.

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 Workings Programming 101

The logical condition is defined comparing the "Expression1" with the "Expression2" (including
numbers or mathematical formulas based on the r0-r299 Variables of the Main program) with the use
of one of the following "compare" Operators (<, >, =, <=, =>, <>)

à Field: Application point

Indicates (if cannot be implicitly deduced by the "parametric" quotes expression) the application
quote of the subroutine, assumed as the point where the Subroutine reference point (the first
programmed point) must be translated.

As usually, the X, Y and Z quotes may be programmed in Absolute or in Relative [ ] mode.

à Option: Angle

Allows to rotate the subroutine layout when recalled, assuming the application point as fulcrum.

à Option: Face

We must consider that, normally, a Subroutines may include many workings, programmed on
different faces. Then, when it is recalled from a Main program, there are two possibilities:

· first, the main program requires to import all the workings (of all the faces), applying them
on the same faces: in this case the "Face" code must not be programmed
· alternatively, the main program may import the workings only for a then the If missing, the
subroutine is completely imported and all the programmed workings, included in the
subroutines (for every face), are inserted in the corresponding faces of the main.
Alternatively, if a specific face is programmed, only the subroutines instructions,
programmed on this face, will be imported.

à Option: Relative <--

If the Relative [x] option is selected, relatively to the application point, the corresponding quotes will
be considered as incremental and referred to the application point (then used as Origin) of the
previous bloc (immediately before recalling).

à Option: Hooking

very convenient in the case of milling profiles, this option allows to "link" the recalled path to the
final point (current point) of the previous profile. Obviously, the original Setup, in the subroutine, is
erased to maintain the path continuity.

à Option: Reversing

Also this option is referred to a milling profile: in the application in the main program, the
subroutine path is reversed, exchanging the Setup point with the original Final point.

à Option: Mirror X / Mirror Y

Allows the subroutine layout mirroring, introducing respectively an horizontal (in X) or a vertical (in
Y) symmetry operation.

Repeating Fields

à Field: Repeat Number

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Allows to introduce a Multiplying factor, in order to repeat the subroutine application, over the basic,
for a programmable number of times. The Repeating logic is different for the two recalling
instructions: "SUB0" or "SUB2".

In the example, (where SUB0 has been used) two additional repeating are programmed, then
causing a total of three different subroutine applications.

à Options: Offset X / Offset Y / Offset Z

In the case of SUB0, these values define (the first two) the components along X and Y of the
multiplying inter-axis vector (in the example, component X = 50 mm, the component Y = 10 mm.).

The Offset Z parameter allows to increase or reduce progressively the application depth.

à Option: Relative <--

If this option is selected, the current Offset are considered starting from the application point of the
previous repetition, then considered as origin.

à Option: Hooking

Allows to link the current Repetition to the final point of the previous.

Scale Factor

à Option: Scale enable

Enables the Scale Factor application.

à Option: Scale Multiplier

Defines the value of the Increasing (if > 1) or Reducing (if < 1) factor to be applied to the Subroutine
layout.

In the present example, as showed in the Fig. 5.3b, the original r0 parameter has been re-assigned
with the new value (=200): the Data Entry table, for re-assigning, may be open with the "Rnnn"
button.

Fig. 5.3b - Re-assigning Data Table, for the "sub1.cnc" variables

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 Workings Programming 103

2.5.4 Subroutine recalling with the "SUB2" function

In this case we suppose (starting from the Main program as developed in the previous example), to
introduce a new recalling, in this case of the subroutine "sub2.cnc" (as defined in the Ex. 5.2), using
the other function, the SUB2.

This last, as described, differs from the previous only for a different Multiplying mechanism, that, in
this case, includes the possibility to define a reticular pattern, as showed in the Fig. 5.4a.

Note: As may be noted, in this case the "Face" option has been used to select, for importing, only the
workings programmed, in the subroutine, on the face 4 (that is, in particular, the only programmed
face) but requiring to insert them on the Face 1 of the Main.

Fig. 5.4a - Importing with the SUB2 function

In particular, respect to the previous case, we can see the different programming rules concerning the
Repeating modalities:

à Option: Rows Number / Columns Number

Defines the Reticule structure, in terms of number of rows ( = 3) and columns ( =5).

à Option: Offset X / Offset Y

In this case these parameters define, respectively, the X inter-axis (distance between columns, = 50
mm.) and the Y inter-axis (distance between rows, = 20 mm.).

Also in this case, we have supposed that the recalling program force a new value to the subroutine
variables, re-assigning the Y application quote (r1, forced to 200 mm.) and the Diameter (r2, forced to
10 mm.), as showed in the Fig. 5.4b.

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Fig. 5.4b - Data Table for "sub2.cnc" variables reassigning

As result we will have: 15 holes (5 rows x 3 columns), with diameter = 10 mm (r2), with inter-axes of
50 mm (in X) and 20 mm. (in Y).

The first drill will be positioned to the programmed "application" point, then 200,100 (r0,r1).

2.5.5 Appendix 1: Data Entry tables for the functions: SUB0 and SUB2
The complete Data Entry tables, for the recalling functions - SUB0 and SUB2 - are here resumed:

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 Workings Programming 105

Fig. 5.5 - Data Entry tables for SUB0 and SUB2.

· Description : "Comment" field, for the subroutine description (free characters string)

· Subroutine Name: Name of the recalled subroutine

· Logical Group 1: Logical condition to enable (if TRUE) or not (if FALSE) recalling.

· Application Point: X,Y Application quotes of the subroutine (in Absolute or Relative mode): at
this point will be referred the first programmed point (into the subroutine), that will be considered
as reference.

· Angle : Rotation Angle (optional) for the subroutine application (the programmed rotation will
assume, as center, the "Application" point.

· Face: Allows to import the entire subroutine (all programmed faces will be imported and inserted
in the same of the main), if "no value" is entered or, alternatively, if a value is specified, only the
corresponding face of the subroutine will be imported, and inserted in the current main face.

· [ ] Relative <-- : If programmed (Relative [x]) on the application point, this new will be
considered in incremental mode, using as reference, the initial application point of the previous

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Working.

· [ ] Link : Allows to "link" the subroutine path to the final point of the previous profile.

· [ ] Reversion: Allows to reverse the path direction of the subroutine profile, exchanging its
original Setup point with the final.

· [ ] Mirror X / Mirror Y: Allows to mirror the subroutine layout, introducing, respectively, an

horizontal (in X) or vertical (in Y) symmetry.

Repeat for SUB0

· Repeat number: Indicates how many additive application of the subroutine, over the base, must be
performed

· Offset X / Offset Y / Offset Z : components of the "inter-axis" vector

· Angle : Defines the incremental angle to be use for the repeated applications of the subroutine

· [ ] Relative<--: if enabled, the Offsets will be referred to the application point of the previous
Repeat.

· [ ] Link: If enabled, the new pattern is hooked to the final point of the previous Repeat.

Repeat for SUB2

· Rows Number / Columns Number: Indicate the reticular pattern structure for repeating

· Offset X / Offset Y : Indicate the distance between columns and rows.

· [ ] Relative<--: if enabled, the Offsets will be referred to the application point of the previous
Repeat.

Scale Factor

· [ ] Scale enable: Scale factor enable

· Scale Multipler: Defines the increasing (if >1) or reducing (if <1) factor, for the subroutine
layout.

2.5.6 Appendix 2: Toolbar and Palette

In the Fig. 5.6 are showed the most important button related to the subroutines management:

Area 1 = Button for the r.. variables recalling, for the original assigning during the subroutine
creation.

Area 2 = Rnnn button, for the r0-r299 variable re-assigning, at the moment of recalling.

Area 3 = Buttons for the SUB0 and SUB2 functions selection

Area 4 = Button for the r0-r299 variables recalling, for displaying.

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Fig. 5.6 - Subroutine management buttons

2.6 Surface Clearing and Develop Text Tools

2.6.1 Surface Clearing Tool
The Surface Clearing operation is only enabled if at least one of the profile elements to be cleared is
selected. The basic characteristic of the profile is that it must be a closed profile, that is, the final and
initial points must coincide.
The clearing process is recalled by pressing the button on the Tools toolbar or by means of the
menu item "Tools" – "Clear a profile".

2.6.1.1 Setting Window for Surface Clearing Parameters

When the tool is selected the following clearing data setting window appears:

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The fields in this window are:

· Group: Used for setting the machine group (group 2 is only enabled on machines with double
beam)
· Tool: Used for setting the tool to be used for the clearing process; press the "?" button to select the
tool directly from the window which lists all the tools available in the current outfits manager.
· Correction radius: Once the tool has been selected the value of the tool radius is assigned
automatically; it is used to calculate the number of passes; it can be changed.
· Edge covering: Expresses, in mm, the amount by which the various passes must overlap; if the
value is left as it is the clearing may not be complete (especially if the real diameter of the tool is a
few tenths smaller than the indicated diameter). It is also possible to select the "radius %" field; in
this case the value in mm is calculated from the percentage of the set radius.
· Residual Area Recovery: Enables the setting of a second tool (usually with a smaller diameter)
which is used to clear any residual areas created after the clearing executed with the first tool. The
meaning of the parameters of the second tool are the same as those listed above.
· Initial Z: is the final value of the clearing when there is only one pass; it is the value of the first
pass if the clearing involves several passes.
· Z Clearance: is the Z value with which the movements in space are generated (in any case, the
clearing process generates a single initial setup and possibly movements interpolated in space).
· Enable successive passes: Enables the clearing for several passes; therefore, "Final Z" and "Z
Displacement" become relevant fields.
· Final Z: This value is important if the successive passes are enabled; it indicates the final clearing
value.
· Z Displacement: This value is important if the successive passes are enabled; it indicates the
displacement step between the various passes (to be programmed with a positive value even if the
displacement is in the Z- direction).
· Clearing towards outside: Used to enable the clearing from the inside towards the outside; the
default setting is from outside towards the inside.
· Island clearing: Three buttons are used to establish the clearing criteria.
Three clearing modes are available for selection.

Mode 1:

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 Workings Programming 109

Simple clearing: ignores any internal profiles and simply applies the clearing inside the selected
profile; the result is as follows:

Mode 2:

Clearing excluding the islands: clears the selected profile except for the (closed) profiles inside it;
using the profiles of the previous example the result of the clearing of the ellipse is as follows:

Mode 3:

Alternating clearing: clears the selected profile and the profiles inside it alternately; using the
previous example the result of the clearing is:

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Up to 100 profiles, one inside the other, can be managed.

Clearing can be applied to all closed profiles, even those generated by macros (oval, ellipse, polygons,
etc) or by tools (text).

2.6.2 Develop Test Tool

The Develop Test operation is recalled by pressing the button on the Tools toolbar or by means of
the menu item "Tools" – "Enter a Text". The item is only enabled with one selected face.

2.6.2.1 Setting Window for Text Parameters

When the tool is selected the following develop text data setting window appears:

When the tool is selected the following develop text data setting window appears:

· Group: Used for setting the machine group (group 2 is only enabled on machines with double
beam)
· Tool: The tool to be used for writing the text is entered in this field ; press the "?" button to select
the tool directly from the window which lists all the tools available in the current outfits manager.
· Text: The text to be transformed into profile is written in this field.
· Font: Select the font to be used to develop the text. A list of the True-Type (Scaleable) fonts
installed in the system appear; the list can vary from one computer to the next depending on what
has been installed (for example, Word and other applications add different fonts). Apply bold and

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italic formats to the font by means of the "B" and "I" buttons.
· Height of capitals: sets (in mm) the height of the character, using the capital A as reference.
· Space width: is the distance (in mm) of the "space" character.
· Automatic text distribution: used to distribute the text automatically on a hypothetical linear
segment or a hypothetical arc; it has no relevance if the "Point" option is selected in the geometry of
text distribution.
· Distance between characters: sets the distance (in mm) between one character and the next; this
parameter is irrelevant if the automatic text distribution check box is selected.
· Z measure: sets the final depth of the character.

2.6.2.2 Geometry of text distribution

The text can be positioned using three different methods: Point, Linear Segment and Arc. For the
Linear Segment and the Arc it is possible to specify if the distribution is to be done automatically with
respect to the specified segment (linear or arc). In this case the text is distributed (calculating the
space between the characters) so that it fills up the entire segment.

Point method
In this case specify an X and Y point and possibly an angle of rotation.

The example shows two linear texts starting from the indicated point and with the specified
inclination (0 and 45 degrees).
The second method is distribution along a Linear Segment; in this case specify the X and Y initial and
final points of the linear segment.

The example shows two linear texts that start from the indicated point and end at the final point. In
this example, the text is distributed along the specified linear segment by calculating the distance
between one character and the next (option Automatic text distribution ).

The third method is distribution along an Arc; in this case specify the X and Y initial and final points,
the centre of the arc (absolute), the rotating direction of the arc (Clockwise or Counterclockwise) and
if the text is to be positioned inside or outside the arc (outside by default)

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The example shows two arcs, the first clockwise and the second counterclockwise, the first with the
text outside the arc and the second with the text inside the arc. In this example, the text is distributed
along the specified arc by calculating the distance between one character and the next (option
Automatic text distribution ).

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 Genesis Evolution

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