If-Clauses
First conditionals
Conditional sentences express a connection
between two actions or states. - when we want to talk about something that is
likely to happen in the future after a specific set
Although there are quite a few different ways of of circumstances, the condition. If is used is
forming conditional sentences there are when the condition is possible and when is used
common patterns known as first, second and when the condition is certain to happen.
third conditionals.
If I go to the shops, I’ll get some bread. (I might
not go to the shops)
When I go to the shops, I’ll get some bread.
(I’m definitely going to the shops)
If you’ve finished your homework by six, you
can go out and play.
When you’re having your party, please keep the
noise down!
if and when
If I go out = it is possible that I will go out, but • When I get home this evening, I’m going to
I’m not sure: have a shower.
A: Are you going out later? • If I’m late this evening, don’t wait for me.
B: Maybe. If I go out, I’ll close the windows. (Maybe I can get on time)
When I go out = I’m going out (for sure) • We’re going to play tennis if it doesn’t rain.
A: Are you going out later?
B: Yes, I am. When I go out, I’ll close the
windows.
FORM
If clause:
Conditional sentences usually have two parts. if/when + present simple
There is the if clause (sometimes called the if/when + modal verbs
conditional clause) and the result clause if/when + present perfect
(sometimes called the main clause). The Result clause:
clauses can come in any order. will / 'll + infinitive without to / imperative
If it rains, you’ll get wet.
If the if clause is first, the two clauses are If it rains, put your coat on.
separated by a comma. If you’re leading at half time, I’ll let your dad
know.
There is no comma if the result clause is first. If you’ve won, give me a call as soon as
possible.
Exercise.
Write sentences beginning with if. Choose from the boxes.
you don’t hurry we can have lunch now
you pass the exam you can have them
you fail the exam I can lend you some
you don’t want this magazine you’ll get a certificate
you want those pictures you’ll be late
If +
you’re busy now I’ll throw it away
you’re hungry we can talk later
you need money you can do it again
1. ________________________________________________________.
2. _________________________________________________________.
3. _________________________________________________________.
4. _________________________________________________________.
5. _________________________________________________________.
6. _________________________________________________________.
7. _________________________________________________________.
8. _________________________________________________________.
Exercise. Which is right?
1. If I’m / I’ll be late this evening, don’t wait for me.
2. Will you call me if I give / will give you my phone number?
3. If there is / will be a fire, the alarm will ring.
4. If I don’t see you tomorrow morning, I call / will call you in the evening.
5. I’m / I’ll be surprised if Martin and Jane get / will get married.
6. Do you go / Will you go to the party if they invite / they’ll invite you?
Exercise. Use your own ideas to complete these sentences.
1. I’m going to the concert if …………………………………………………………
2. If you don’t hurry, …………………………………………………………………
3. I don’t want to disturb you if ………………………………………………………
4. If you go to bed early tonight, ……………………………………………………..
5. Turn the television off if ……………………………………………………………
6. Tina won’t pass her exams if ………………………………………………………
