This document provides a specification for materials and costs for an assignment involving concrete, masonry, and other building materials. It lists 15 items, including types of concrete, aggregates, binders, insulation, and other common construction materials. For each item it briefly describes the material, its properties, and common applications in construction. The overall purpose is to specify materials, estimate their costs, and create a budget for a building project.
This document provides a specification for materials and costs for an assignment involving concrete, masonry, and other building materials. It lists 15 items, including types of concrete, aggregates, binders, insulation, and other common construction materials. For each item it briefly describes the material, its properties, and common applications in construction. The overall purpose is to specify materials, estimate their costs, and create a budget for a building project.
This document provides a specification for materials and costs for an assignment involving concrete, masonry, and other building materials. It lists 15 items, including types of concrete, aggregates, binders, insulation, and other common construction materials. For each item it briefly describes the material, its properties, and common applications in construction. The overall purpose is to specify materials, estimate their costs, and create a budget for a building project.
This document provides a specification for materials and costs for an assignment involving concrete, masonry, and other building materials. It lists 15 items, including types of concrete, aggregates, binders, insulation, and other common construction materials. For each item it briefly describes the material, its properties, and common applications in construction. The overall purpose is to specify materials, estimate their costs, and create a budget for a building project.
SUBMITTED BY : TISHA GARG 19FAP2AR031 B.ARCH SEM VI CODE, VGU 1. FLOATING CONCRETE • Floating concrete have the property of spreading the vertical loads or stresses coming over it to be distributed over a larger area. • Floating concrete does not cause any disturbance to the earth layer lying beneath neither it will interface with the quality. • In areas where there are possibilities of shifting in the earth layer, mainly due to high moisture content it is best suited. Floating concrete do not require usage of footer trenches. • They can be poured with the help of trenching or digging which is economical.
2. RIVER SAND OR NATURAL SAND
• This sand is white-grey and is one of the fine-graded sands used to construct buildings. • They are mainly used in concrete and masonry work. • They can also be used for RCC, plastering, and other brick or block works. 3. FLY ASH • Fly ash is a refined powder byproduct of burning pulverized coal in electric power plants. Fly ash is a pozzolan, a substance containing aluminous and siliceous material that forms cement in the presence of water. • Fly ash can be used as prime material in many cement-based products, such as poured concrete, concrete block, and brick. • One of the most common uses of fly ash is in Portland cement concrete pavement or PCC pavement. Using PCC, road construction projects can use a great deal of concrete, and substituting fly ash provides significant economic benefits.
4. BINDING WIRES • Binding Wire is used for tying applications in the field of construction. • It is used extensively in the construction sector to tie the rebars at the joints to keep the structure intact. • Binding wire is also called annealed wire and is made of mild steel. 5. KANKAR LIME • Kankar lime should be made from "bichwa“ Kankar free from earth and other impurities. • Kankar should be burnt in kiln and then ground fine and screened through sieve of 25 meshes per sq cm( 144 mshes pe sq in) and the residue on the screen rejected. • Kankar lime shall be clean and free from dirt, dust and foreign matters. • Kankar lime mortar briquete should give a tensile strength of 7 kg per sq cm at 21 days.
6. BITUMEN • Bitumen is a material obtained by fractional distillation of crude petroleum as an end product. • According to IS: 334-1951, bitumen is a non-crystalline solid or viscous material having adhesive properties derived from oil either by natural or refinery process. 7. GYPSUM BOARD • Gypsum wallboard, designed for use on walls, ceilings, or partitions and that affords a surface suitable to receive decoration. • Predecorated gypsum board, designed for use as the finished surfacing for walls, ceilings, or partitions. • Gypsum backing board, coreboard, and shaftliner board, designed for use as a base in multilayer systems or as a gypsum stud or core in semisolid or solid gypsum board partitions, or in shaft wall assemblies. • Water-resistant gypsum backing board, designed primarily to be used as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile on walls or ceilings. This product is also suitable for decoration. • Exterior gypsum soffit board, designed for use on exterior soffits and carport ceilings that are completely protected from contact with liquid water. • Gypsum sheathing board, designed for use as sheathing on buildings. 8. LIME PUNNING • White stone lime and shell lime shall be slaked at site of work and mixed in the proportion of 3 Of stone lime and one of shell lime and then thoroughly mixed with sufficient quantity of water in a Drum. • The mixture shall then be screened through a coarse cloth into another container and allowed to settle down for 7 days after which the clear water shall be decanted and the cream like paste of lime shall be taken from top, leaving residue at bottom for application to wall surface. • The surface shall be cleaned thoroughly and wetted and the prepared lime, paste of proper consistency shall be applied uniformly to 3 mm (1/8") thickness by a wooden trowel. This shall be finished by rubbing with a steel trowel to a hard smooth and shining white surface. • After finishing, the surface shall be kept moist for seven days. Lime punning shall be applied on smooth plastered surface when the plaster has hardened. 9. ASBESTOS • Asbestos has unique chemical and physical properties that make it strong and resistant to heat and chemical reaction. • Blown-in attic insulation • Corrugated heavy duty 8 by 4 foot panels • Fiber cement siding (usually 1/8 inches thick and 8 by 4 foot brittle) • Glue that attaches floor tiles to concrete or wood • Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) duct insulation (usually found in corrugated or flat paper form) • Plaster • Roofing material (usually on flat roofs but occasionally on asbestos shingles sometimes called transite) • Siding material • Vinyl floor tiles • Window caulking and glazing 10. SAND LIME BRICK • It is a very smooth and uniform finish and has an attractive appearance. • They are dense, strong, and tough. • They are porous therefore free from indigestion. • Also, uniform in size, shape, finish, and no plastering is required. • When required, the amount of plaster is significantly less. • Essential materials are quite common in the event can be used as an alternative to clay bricks
11. SURKHI • Surkhi shall be made from fully burnt bricks but not over-burnt bricks. • Surkhi shall be ground fine and after grinding, shall be screened through sieve of 25 meshes per sq cm (144 meshes per in) and residue on the screen shall be rejected. • Surkhi shall be clean and free from foreign matters. 12. CERAMICS • Made from a mixture of minerals and fired at extremely high temperatures, ceramics are durable, fire- resistant, and water-resistant building materials. • Common uses for ceramics include countertops, bathtubs, sinks, tiles, roofing, fireplaces, and chimneys.
13. FABRIC • Fabric is a flexible material made of interwoven fibers. • There are numerous varieties of fabrics—many with weatherproofing and fire-resistant qualities— but in the construction world, common fabrics include cotton canvas, carbon fiber, woven fiberglass, and vinyl-coated polyester. • Use fabric to construct low-cost, temporary structures like tents or carport canopies. 14. STRAWBOARD • Straw Board is completely environmentally friendly. • Straw Board is made of 100% high quality natural wheat straw, not wood. • It's comprised of agricultural fibers which are left-over after harvests, by-product that is usually disposed of.
15. BAGASSE BOARDS
• Highly resistant termite, fungus ,borer, steam, stains, cigarette burns and cracking. • High bonding strength. • High screw holding capacity. • Dimensional stability and high performance. • Ready to use pre-laminated board. • More durable and strong. • Surface counter balanced for greater stability. THANK YOU
Prediction model of chloride diffusion in concrete considering the coupling effects of coarse aggregate and steel reinforcement exposed to marine tidal environment
Prediction model of chloride diffusion in concrete considering the coupling effects of coarse aggregate and steel reinforcement exposed to marine tidal environment
