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Effect of Bullying RRL

This chapter reviews literature about bullying. It discusses different perspectives on bullying from various researchers. The chapter aims to define bullying and identify the types of bullying. It also examines the characteristics and effects on victims of bullying, dividing them into passive and provocative groups. The chapter further analyzes the types of bullies as aggressive or anxious and the motivations for bullying behaviors.

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Jenifer Languido Calautit
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880 views2 pages

Effect of Bullying RRL

This chapter reviews literature about bullying. It discusses different perspectives on bullying from various researchers. The chapter aims to define bullying and identify the types of bullying. It also examines the characteristics and effects on victims of bullying, dividing them into passive and provocative groups. The chapter further analyzes the types of bullies as aggressive or anxious and the motivations for bullying behaviors.

Uploaded by

Jenifer Languido Calautit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the different views of the various authors and findings of

others researchers about bullying. It presents ideas that have been discussed and was

made as the basis for this study.

The victims of bullying face a lot of burdens and there are numerous effects to

them. First, there is a need to determine what does bullying mean and what are the types

of bullying.

A Norwegian researcher, Dr. Dan Olweus (1994), describes bullying as ‘an

aggressive behavior repeated over a period of time, characterized by real or perceived

imbalance of power perpetrated with the intent to harm the target.’ This definition of

bullying is most used in many studies.

Olweus (1993) explained that within the category of bully, there are primarily two

distinct groups: the aggressive bullies and anxious bullies. The characteristics of

aggressive bullies tend to be that they are stronger than average, active, and impulsive.

They may experience their world through paranoid thoughts and feelings and they feel

no empathy for their victims in the outcome of their actions.

A major difference between aggressive and anxious bullies is their self-esteem.

While aggressive bullies typically have popularity among their friends and a higher level of self-esteem,
anxious bullies lack confidence, have low self-esteem, and have few

friends. They often display uncontrolled emotions such as temper outbursts. Because of

their low self-esteem and eagerness for friends, they are often loyal followers of the

aggressive bullies. Anxious bullies will often join in to a bullying incident that an aggressive

bully has started and take the blame for it to prove allegiance.

Victims can also be divided into two other groups. Ross (2002) separated the

groups as passive victims and provocative victims. Passive victims tend to have

characteristics such as low self-concept and self-confidence, emotionally sensitive and

have fears of inadequacy. They are physically smaller and weaker than other children.
And the other group referred as provocative victims on the other hand, are “far more

aggressive, confident, and active than other victims and are noted for prolonging a fight

even when they are losing.”

Bullying occurs because they want to gain the any or all of the following: attention

even if it is negative, acceptance by peers, and popularity with other students. There is

also the family factor where children imitate bullying behaviors they had witnessed in

their own homes (Bullying Online, 2000).

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