2ND SEMESTER SY 2021-2022 Prepared by: Engr. Imma Concepcion C. Llanera
HOW TO CONVERT BETWEEN MEASUREMENT UNITS IN PHYSICS: By Steven Holzner
Physics problems frequently ask you to convert between different units of measurement. For example, you may measure the number of feet your toy car goes in three minutes and thus be able to calculate the speed of the car in feet per minute, but that’s not a standard unit of measure, so you need to convert feet per minute to miles per hour, or meters per second.
For another example, suppose you have 180 seconds — how much is that in minutes? You know that there are 60 seconds in a minute, so 180 seconds equals three minutes. Here are some common conversions between units:
• 1 m = 100 cm = 1,000 mm (millimeters)
• 1 km (kilometer) = 1,000 m
• 1 kg (kilogram) = 1,000 g (grams)
• 1 N (newton) = 105 dynes
• 1 J (joule) = 107 ergs
• 1 P (pascal) = 10 Ba
• 1 A (amp) = 0.1 Bi
• 1 T (tesla) = 104 G (gauss)
• 1 C (coulomb) = 2.9979 x 109 Fr
The conversion between CGS and MKS almost always involves factors of 10 only, so converting between the two is simple. But what about converting to and from the FPI and other systems of measurement? Here are some handy conversions that you can come back to as needed:
• Length:
o 1 m = 100 cm
o 1 km = 1,000 m
o 1 in (inch) = 2.54 cm PHY11/L – PHYSICS FOR ENGINEERS 2ND SEMESTER SY 2021-2022 Prepared by: Engr. Imma Concepcion C. Llanera o 1 m = 39.37 in
o 1 mile = 5,280 ft = 1.609 km
o 1 angstrom = 10–10 m
• Mass:
o 1 kg = 1,000 g
o 1 slug = 14.59 kg
o 1 u (atomic mass unit) = 1.6605 x 10–27 kg
• Force:
o 1 lb (pound) = 4.448 N
o 1 N = 105 dynes
o 1 N = 0.2248 lb
• Energy:
o 1 J = 107 ergs
o 1 J = 0.7376 ft-lb
o 1 BTU (British thermal unit) = 1,055 J
o 1 kWh (kilowatt hour) = 3.600 x 106 J
o 1 eV (electron volt) = 1.602 x 10–19 J
• Power: o 1 hp (horsepower) = 550 ft-lb/s o 1 W (watt) = 0.7376 ft-lb/s
Because conversions are such an important part of physics problems, and because you have to keep track of them so carefully, there’s a systematic way of handling conversions: You multiply by a conversion constant that equals 1, such that the units you don’t want cancel out. PHY11/L – PHYSICS FOR ENGINEERS 2ND SEMESTER SY 2021-2022 Prepared by: Engr. Imma Concepcion C. Llanera
SAMPLE QUESTION
1. A ball drops 5 meters. How many centimeters did it drop?
The correct answer is 500 centimeters. To perform the conversion, you do the following calculation:
Note that 100 centimeters divided by 1 meter equals 1 because there are 100 centimeters in a meter. In the calculation, the units you don’t want — meters — cancel out.
2. How many seconds are in 1.25 minutes?
3. How many inches are in 2.0 meters?
4. How many grams are in 3.25 kg?
5. How many centimeters are in 2.35 meters?
SOURCE: https://www.dummies.com/education/science/physics/how-to-convert-between-measurement- units-in-physics/ PHY11/L – PHYSICS FOR ENGINEERS 2ND SEMESTER SY 2021-2022 Prepared by: Engr. Imma Concepcion C. Llanera
WORKSHEET ON CONVERSION OF UNITS – 45pts
I. Based on the information above and your previous knowledge about the basic conversion of common units used in Physics, convert the following values to its indicated units. Show your complete solution. Show proper cancelation of units. (20pts)
1. 8.1 Joules to ergs
2. 9.89 cm to inches 3. 3 x 10^16 Gauss to Tesla 4. 21 miles to km 5. 18 lb (force) to Newton 6. 4.2 x 10^2 dynes to Pound Force (lb) 7. 6.2 btu to Joule 8. 1778watts to hp 9. 19.8 amu to kg 10. 4.18 miles to cm
II. Create your own conversion of units problems with its corresponding solutions. Show your complete solution. Show proper cancelation of units. (25pts)
1. Length – 5 problems 2. Mass – 5 problems 3. Force – 5 problems 4. Energy – 5 problems 5. Power – 5 problems
