This document discusses the design and assessment of shear in prestressed concrete bridge sections. It provides:
1) The fundamental shear design equation and three design checks to prevent web crushing, web cracking, and ensure shear failure before flexural failure.
2) Methods for assessing existing sections, which iterate on strain to find the section's shear capacity.
3) Procedures for designing shear reinforcement, which include calculating shear force and resistance, determining minimum reinforcement, and selecting stirrup spacing.
4) A flowchart summarizing the resistance calculation and design procedure.
This document discusses the design and assessment of shear in prestressed concrete bridge sections. It provides:
1) The fundamental shear design equation and three design checks to prevent web crushing, web cracking, and ensure shear failure before flexural failure.
2) Methods for assessing existing sections, which iterate on strain to find the section's shear capacity.
3) Procedures for designing shear reinforcement, which include calculating shear force and resistance, determining minimum reinforcement, and selecting stirrup spacing.
4) A flowchart summarizing the resistance calculation and design procedure.
This document discusses the design and assessment of shear in prestressed concrete bridge sections. It provides:
1) The fundamental shear design equation and three design checks to prevent web crushing, web cracking, and ensure shear failure before flexural failure.
2) Methods for assessing existing sections, which iterate on strain to find the section's shear capacity.
3) Procedures for designing shear reinforcement, which include calculating shear force and resistance, determining minimum reinforcement, and selecting stirrup spacing.
4) A flowchart summarizing the resistance calculation and design procedure.
This document discusses the design and assessment of shear in prestressed concrete bridge sections. It provides:
1) The fundamental shear design equation and three design checks to prevent web crushing, web cracking, and ensure shear failure before flexural failure.
2) Methods for assessing existing sections, which iterate on strain to find the section's shear capacity.
3) Procedures for designing shear reinforcement, which include calculating shear force and resistance, determining minimum reinforcement, and selecting stirrup spacing.
4) A flowchart summarizing the resistance calculation and design procedure.
fVu Veq* ▪ where – The strength reduction factor for shear is f = 0.7 – V*eq is equivalent factored shear force (considers both shear and torsion effect on shear resistance – see cl. 8.2.1.2 for details) ▪ There are three checks to consider – Preventing web crushing (shape-dependent) Vu = Vu,max – Preventing web-shear cracks (MCFT) Vu = Vuc + Vus + Pv – Ensuring web-shear failure occurs before flexural-shear failure (additional reinforcement)
▪ Different approaches depending whether assessing or designing
PSC ULS Design 2 Assessment of Existing Sections ▪ You cannot use the code provisions directly for assessment ▪ Basis: – The reinforcement (stirrups and longitudinal bars) is known, but the capacity is unknown – Iterate on the longitudinal strain to find capacity resulting in • Web-crushing failure (Vu,max) • Web-shear failure (Vu) • Flexural-shear failure (Additional reinforcement) – Select the smallest of the three ▪ Refer to Caprani & Melhem (2020) for a detailed description.
PSC ULS Design 3
Design Shear Force, V* ▪ The design shear force V* is the shear at the section under AS5100.5 consideration. cl. 8.2.3.2
▪ Maximum shear near a support can be taken as the shear force:
a) At the face of the support; or SFD b) A distance of do from the support
V*(b) V*(a)
do ▪ If V* is taken at do from the support conditions apply: – Not relevant for ‘normal’ cases – See cl. 8.2.3.2
PSC ULS Design 4
Consideration of Torsion, V*eq ▪ Torsion causes additional shear stresses, and so should be added to shear force to make V*eq when: T * 0.25fTcr AS5100.5:2017 + Amdt 1 2018 where the torsional cracking moment is: cl. 8.2.1.2
Acp2 s cp Acp2 Tcr = 0.33 f c 1+ where 2 Aobv (for cellular structures) uc 0.33 f c pc
▪ For pure torsion, the principal tensile stress s1 is equal to the shear stress t. Recall, for a thin-walled tube this is s1 = t = T/(2Aot). ▪ For a solid section, approximate the wall thickness by t = 3Acp/4pc, (area and perimeter of the concrete), and the enclosed area as Ao = 2Ac/3. ▪ Cracking is taken to occur when s1 = 0.33f’c, the tensile strength of concrete. The prestress stress scp enhances the cracking moment.
PSC ULS Design 5
Design Checks From AS5100.5 we have: V*eq If V*eq > fVu.max Increase section dimensions (section shape inadequate) fVu.max
If V*eq > 0.5fVuc Shear reinforcement required
to at least the minimum amount (Asv,min) + check for additional reinforcement
0.5fVuc If V*eq 0.5fVuc No shear reinforcement required if: » D < 750 mm for beams, or » D < 300 mm for slabs i.e. Asv.min normally required in bridge beams PSC ULS Design 6 Resistance Calculation Flowchart
Vu = min Vuc + Vus + Pv ; Vu .max
cot v + cot v 0.55 f c'bv d v + Pv 1 + cot v 2
kv f c ' bv d v d v cot v f sy , f Asv s 0.4 1300 If Asv Asv ,min 29 + 7000 x 1 + 1500 x 1000 + s xe
0.4 32 Only req’d for dv If Asv Asv ,min 1 + 1500 x (16 + d g ) slabs < 300 mm, or beams < 750 mm.
M * / d v + V * − Pv + 0.5 N * − Apt f po 2 ( Es Ast + E p Apt + Ec Act ) Credit: Dr. Mayer Melhem
PSC ULS Design 7
Design Procedure Summary ▪ Step 1: Calculate V* Note: ▪ Step 2: Longitudinal strain, x These steps must be adapted in the presence of torsion ▪ Step 3: MCFT parameter, v ▪ Step 4: Calculate Vu.max and check section geometry is adequate ▪ Step 5: MCFT parameter, kv ▪ Step 6: Calculate Vuc ▪ Step 7: Calculate minimum reinforcement, Asv,min/s ▪ Step 8: Design the shear reinforcement as given on next slide ▪ Step 9: Determine the additional longitudinal reinforcement req’d.
PSC ULS Design 8
Design Shear Reinforcement 1. Shear reinforcement is required to an amount: Veq* Vus = − Vuc − Pv f 2. Select stirrup diameter and spacing:
Asv Vus A = max , sv ,min s f d cot s sy. f v v
